We draw using arrows. Graphic dictation with complex steps. Useful video about graphic dictation

Convenient and versatile training for children's minds. The usual training goes as follows: an adult says how to draw on a sheet of paper in a box, and the children implement it by translating the words into lines.

There are many drawings on the Internet - simple and more complex - drawn at right angles, along straight lines. The orientation is simple: know “right-left”, “up-down”, and count more precisely.

Types of graphic dictations

Fence
Items
Items with complex steps

It is useful to teach three types of graphic dictation. Be sure to accompany the words with a show. Sit nearby so that the drawing is not upside down for the child.

Fence

The stitch repeats the pattern of the sample.

Everyone knows too. But I want to draw your attention: here it is useful to introduce the concept of a step. Drawing with straight lines at an angle of 90, we tell the children:

– Now we will walk through the cells. The cage has four corners. By drawing a line from corner to another corner, we take one step. We step up, down, right or left, wherever I tell you. If I say: two cells up, then you draw a line from a corner to another corner, and from that to a third corner. That is, you take two steps.

The result is a well-known pattern of repeating elements. At the initial stage, the child needs to be helped, prompted, asking: to the right is where, up is where. When you gain confidence in drawing a graphic dictation in cells, make life more difficult.

Suggest: now dictate how to draw next. This complication works well when working in a group. There is additional interest and awareness of what I should do in the next moment (beginning of forecasting).
When a couple of elements have been drawn under dictation, we suggest: continue on your own until the end of the line.

The second complication is diagnostic. It is clearly visible whether the child pays attention to the already drawn sample, how many mistakes he makes, whether he sees them and corrects them. It is very good when children see mistakes and try to correct them: self-control has appeared - the most important quality for a future student.

Items

I won’t even describe it - everyone knows it. The Internet is full of examples. A closed contour is drawn. I would like to note one useful complication for symmetrical drawings: we draw half under dictation, and complete the second half in a mirror image of the first, like the Christmas tree in the drawing. A robot, a butterfly and others will do. the main thing is that they are symmetrical. The perception of symmetry in modern children is not up to par. Symmetrical diagrams will be useful for primary school students in grades 1 - 4 in mathematics lessons. For a change.

Complex graphic dictations

Children from the preparatory group quickly master simple graphic dictations and are not against making the drawings themselves more complex. Therefore, we move on to more complex options with oblique lines (not 90 degrees, more or less). Not every high school student can handle complex graphic dictation. It’s all the more valuable when the preparators handle them.

Items with complex steps

How to draw a line from dictation where you want to connect the corners obliquely, diagonally? It's actually not that simple. This work is akin to orientation in a coordinate system, and this alone is very useful.

We will need a difficult step. Suppose we need to draw a line from point A to point B.

In the first case, instructions.

We put point A. From there we take a difficult step: 2 cells up, 2 cells to the right. Let's put the second point. Connect the starting and ending points with a straight line. The result was the required line “obliquely”. We call it that because when does the word “diagonal” appear in school? It’s even easier when the connected points are inside one cell (option 2 on the sample)

Third version of the instructions.

We take a difficult step: 4 cells up, 2 cells to the left.

From experience, it is more useful to practice complex steps with future schoolchildren individually, especially if the child confuses right/left. At first, dictation with complex steps is difficult for many children. It is necessary to move forward slowly, gradually, so as not to turn them away from something so useful for school education.

Examples of complex graphic dictation

We present three options for graphic dictations with a complex step: crocodile, dog, chicken with a description of the dictation. Drawing on the cells of any other pattern is done in the same way.

Graphic dictation by cells for children in 1st grade is an entertaining, useful and interesting game, during which the child tries to guess what kind of picture he will get in his notebook. This type of work is very popular among teachers. Many of them use O.A.’s manual in their activities. Kholodova “Clever Men and Clever Girls”, where you can find many such drawings in cells. Let's take a closer look.

Benefit

Children are encouraged to draw such patterns in their math notebooks. For schoolchildren, these moments of educational activity are interesting and are perceived with pleasure. For first-graders, this type of activity in class or at home helps them with their ability to coordinate hand movements and develop writing skills. By coping with the task, children learn to be more attentive, develop perseverance, imagination, creative thinking, and increase their active vocabulary.

By drawing lines along the cells, the child develops fine motor skills, remembers counting within 10, and develops initial mathematical concepts. This entertaining form of work promotes the development of spelling vigilance and facilitates an easier process of adaptation to school.

These pictures are also used in various methods that help determine the level of development of the baby. For example, using the “Graphic Dictation” technique by D.B. Elkonin can reveal how well a child has developed orientation in space, the ability to be attentive, listen and accurately follow the instructions offered by the teacher, work independently under the dictation of an adult, and draw lines on a notebook sheet in the indicated direction.

Features of conducting classes

Prepare your child's workspace and check that there is nothing unnecessary that would distract the child from work. All necessary materials should be on the table:

checkered notebook;
a simple pencil;
eraser;
sample implementation or instructions for an adult.

You need to put a starting point on the piece of paper from which the baby will begin moving through the cells. Next, start dictating. The numbers in the task indicate how many cells you need to move, and the arrows indicate the direction of movement. For example, the designation 2→ indicates that you need to draw a line 2 cells to the right.

The speaker's speech should be clear and understandable. Make sure your child keeps up with the pace of your dictation. If necessary, provide him with assistance. It will be more interesting to study if you add riddles, tongue twisters, tongue twisters, physical exercises, etc. during the activity.

When your child sees the finished image, you can have a conversation about it, tell interesting facts, and invite him to color or shade it.

Methods of execution

Drawing by cells for first-graders should not be too complicated. They can be carried out in several ways:

Dictation. The teacher tells you how many cells you need to move forward and in what direction. The student works by perceiving information by ear, and then compares it with the sample.
You can offer a ready-made pattern and ask to repeat it in your notebook.
The baby will also enjoy finishing the figures with symmetry. In this case, he is offered half of the symmetrical image, and he must complete the second himself.

What dictations are suitable for first-graders

The following tasks are suitable for first grade students:

Camel

Rhinoceros

Foal

Reading time: 7 minutes.

Method for developing spatial imagination

Graphic dictations are one of the most effective methods for developing a child’s spatial imagination. They help to achieve precision in hand movements, teach them to deftly use a pen and pencil, and navigate in space. And the child’s free orientation in space is the key to successful mastery of educational material.

In addition, such tasks seem very interesting for children. They are like a game during which a child observes a small miracle: before his eyes, thanks to his own actions, a certain hero or object appears in the cells, a notebook page comes to life.

While performing such graphic exercises, hard work, perseverance are cultivated, and imagination develops. Children experience pleasure and joy, which directly affects their emotional state.

Only a capable child can create an ordinary beautiful drawing, but anyone can do it! This inspires the child and gives him confidence in his abilities.

Graphic dictations are often used in diagnostic practice.

Using performance standards, the psychologist has the opportunity to conditionally divide children into 4 categories:

Children who showed a good and sufficient level of test performance. It can be assumed that they will not have any special learning difficulties in the process of acquiring knowledge.
Children who completed the task at an average level mostly correctly followed the verbal instructions, but made a few significant errors at the reproductive level when completing the work independently. Usually they need individual assistance at the initial stage, they mainly adapt to completing educational tasks independently.
Children who showed a low level of performance. Specific reasons are indicated and individual difficulties are analyzed. Such children require increased attention from the teacher and step-by-step control on his part in the process of mastering new knowledge. Difficulties noticed in a timely manner and the use of certain measures to prevent failure significantly increase the likelihood of correcting the situation.
Children who hardly did any work. Individual reasons are analyzed in order to develop correctional and developmental measures to overcome the underachievement of specific children. These children require a more in-depth psychodiagnostic examination and psychological and pedagogical support.

Graphic dictations - how to work?

Graphic dictation can be performed in two versions:

The child is offered a sample of a geometric design and asked to repeat exactly the same design in a checkered notebook.
The adult dictates the sequence of actions indicating the number of cells and their directions (left, right, up, down), the child does the work by ear, and then compares his image of the ornament or figure with the example in the manual using the method of overlay.

Graphic dictations are supplemented with riddles, tongue twisters, and tongue twisters. During the lesson, the child practices correct, clear and literate speech, develops fine motor skills, learns to identify the distinctive features of objects, and expands his vocabulary.

The tasks are selected according to the principle “from simple to complex.” If you start studying these graphic dictations with your child, do the tasks with him in order: start with the very first simple dictations and gradually move on to more complex ones.

For classes, you need a squared notebook, a simple pencil and an eraser so that the child can always correct the wrong line.

For children 5–6 years old, it is better to use a notebook with a large square (0.8 mm) so as not to strain their eyesight.

Starting from an older age, for graphic dictation, all drawings are designed for a regular school notebook (they will not fit in a large-squared notebook).

The following notations are used in the tasks: the number of cells being counted is indicated by a number, and the direction is indicated by an arrow.

For example, the entry:

An example of graphic dictation should read: 1 cell to the right, 3 cells up, 2 cells to the left, 4 cells down, 1 cell to the right.

During classes, the child’s attitude and the friendly attitude of the adult are very important. Remember that classes for a child are not an exam, but a game.

Help your child, make sure he doesn’t make mistakes. The result of the work should always satisfy the child, so that he wants to draw in the cells again and again.

Your task is to help your child master the skills necessary for good study in a playful way. Therefore, never scold him. If something doesn’t work out for him, just explain how to do it correctly. Praise your baby more often, and never compare with anyone.

The duration of one lesson with graphic dictations should not exceed 10 - 15 minutes for children 5 years old, 15 - 20 minutes for children 5 - 6 years old and 20 - 25 minutes for children 6 - 7 years old.

But if the child gets carried away, do not stop him and interrupt the lesson.

Pay attention to the child’s sitting position during the dictation and how he holds the pencil. Show your child how to hold a pencil between the phalanges of the index, thumb and middle fingers. If your child doesn't count well, help him count the cells in his notebook.

Explain that the hand with which he eats, draws and writes is his right hand, and the other hand is his left. For left-handers, on the contrary, it is necessary to explain to left-handers that there are people for whom the working hand is the right, and there are people for whom the working hand is the left.

It can be explained that previously there were slanted desks at school, which is why the top edge of the notebook was called the top edge, and the bottom edge was called the bottom edge. Explain to your child that if you say “to the right,” then you need to point the pencil “there” (to the right). And if you say “to the left,” then you need to point the pencil “there” (to the left) and so on. Show your child how to count the cells.

You yourself will also need a pencil and an eraser in order to mark the lines you read. Dictations can be quite lengthy, and to avoid getting confused, put dots with a pencil opposite the lines you are reading. This will help you not to get confused. After the dictation, you can erase all the dots.

Each lesson includes graphic dictation, discussion of images, tongue twisters, tongue twisters, riddles and finger gymnastics. Each stage of the lesson carries a semantic load.

Activities with your child can be arranged in different sequences. You can first do finger exercises, read tongue twisters and tongue twisters, and then do a graphic dictation. On the contrary, you can do graphic dictation first, then tongue twisters and finger gymnastics. It is better to make riddles at the end of the lesson.

When the child draws a picture, talk about the fact that there are objects and their images. Images can be different: photographs, drawings, schematic images. Graphic dictations are a schematic representation of an object.

Talk about how each animal has its own distinctive characteristics. A schematic image shows the distinctive features by which we can recognize an animal or object.

Ask your child what the distinctive features of the animal he or she has drawn are. For example, a hare has long ears and a small tail, an elephant has a long trunk, an ostrich has a long neck, a small head and long legs, and so on.

Work with tongue twisters and tongue twisters in different ways:

Let the child pick up the ball and, rhythmically tossing and catching it with his hands, say a tongue twister or a tongue twister. You can throw and catch the ball for each word or syllable.
Let the child say a tongue twister (pure tongue twister) while throwing the ball from one hand to the other.
You can pronounce a tongue twister by clapping the rhythm with your palms.
Suggest saying the tongue twister 3 times in a row and not getting lost.

Do finger exercises together so that the child sees and repeats the movements after you.

And now that you have become familiar with the basic rules for conducting a graphic dictation, you can begin classes.

I have selected several options for graphic dictations for preschool children. I hope your baby can handle them easily.

Each dictation opens in a new window. To print it, right-click on the picture and select the “Print” line.

Introduction

Entering school is an important moment in the life of a child and his parents. The better a child is prepared for school psychologically, emotionally and intellectually, the more confident he will feel, the easier his adaptation period in primary school will be.

Graphic dictations for preschoolers help parents and teachers systematically prepare their child for school and prevent such typical learning difficulties as underdeveloped spelling vigilance, restlessness and absent-mindedness. Regular classes with these graphic dictations develop the child’s voluntary attention, spatial imagination, fine motor skills of the fingers, coordination of movements, and perseverance.

Drawing by cells is a very exciting and useful activity for children. This is a playful way to develop a child’s spatial imagination, fine motor skills of the fingers, coordination of movements, and perseverance. Graphic dictations can be successfully used for children from 5 to 10 years old.

By completing the tasks proposed in the graphic dictations below, the child will broaden his horizons, increase his vocabulary, learn to navigate a notebook, and become familiar with different ways of depicting objects.

How to work with these graphic dictations:

Each dictation contains tasks for children aged 5 - 7 years.

Graphic dictation can be performed in two versions:
1. The child is offered a sample of a geometric design and asked to repeat exactly the same design in a checkered notebook.
2. The adult dictates the sequence of actions indicating the number of cells and their directions (left, right, up, down), the child does the work by ear, and then compares his image of the ornament or figure with the example in the manual using the overlay method.

Graphic dictations are supplemented with riddles, tongue twisters, tongue twisters and finger exercises. During the lesson, the child practices correct, clear and literate speech, develops fine motor skills, learns to identify the distinctive features of objects, and expands his vocabulary.

For classes, you need a squared notebook, a simple pencil and an eraser so that the child can always correct the wrong line. For children 5 to 6 years old, it is better to use a notebook with a large square (0.8 mm) so as not to strain their eyesight. Starting from graphic dictation No. 40, all drawings are designed for a regular school notebook (they will not fit in a large-squared notebook).

The following notations are used in the tasks: the number of cells being counted is indicated by a number, and the direction is indicated by an arrow. For example, the entry:

should read: 1 cell to the right, 3 cells up, 2 cells to the left, 4 cells down, 1 cell to the right.

During classes, the child’s attitude and the friendly attitude of the adult are very important. Remember that classes for a child are not an exam, but a game. Help your child, make sure he doesn’t make mistakes. The result of the work should always satisfy the child, so that he wants to draw in the cells again and again.

Before each lesson, be sure to talk with your child about the fact that there are different directions and sides. Show him where is right, where is left, where is up, where is down. Pay attention to the baby that every person has a right and a left side. Explain that the hand with which he eats, draws and writes is his right hand, and the other hand is his left. For left-handers, on the contrary, it is necessary to explain to left-handers that there are people for whom the working hand is the right, and there are people for whom the working hand is the left.

After this, you can open the notebook and teach your child to navigate on a piece of paper. Show your child where the left edge of the notebook is, where the right edge is, where the top is, where the bottom is. It can be explained that previously there were slanted desks at school, which is why the top edge of the notebook was called the top edge, and the bottom edge was called the bottom edge. Explain to your child that if you say “to the right,” then you need to point the pencil “there” (to the right). And if you say “to the left,” then you need to point the pencil “there” (to the left) and so on. Show your child how to count the cells.

Each lesson includes graphic dictation, discussion of images, tongue twisters, tongue twisters, riddles and finger gymnastics. Each stage of the lesson carries a semantic load. Activities with your child can be arranged in different sequences. You can first do finger exercises, read tongue twisters and tongue twisters, and then do a graphic dictation. On the contrary, you can do graphic dictation first, then tongue twisters and finger gymnastics. It is better to make riddles at the end of the lesson.
When the child draws a picture, talk about the fact that there are objects and their images. Images can be different: photographs, drawings, schematic images. A graphic dictation is a schematic representation of an object.

Talk about how each animal has its own distinctive characteristics. A schematic image shows the distinctive features by which we can recognize an animal or object. Ask your child what the distinctive features of the animal he or she has drawn are. For example, a hare has long ears and a small tail, an elephant has a long trunk, an ostrich has a long neck, a small head and long legs, and so on.

Work with tongue twisters and tongue twisters in different ways:
1. Let the child pick up the ball and, rhythmically tossing and catching it with his hands, say a tongue twister or a tongue twister. You can throw and catch the ball for each word or syllable.
2. Let the child say a tongue twister (pure tongue twister) while throwing the ball from one hand to the other.
3. You can pronounce a tongue twister by clapping the rhythm with your palms.
4. Suggest saying the tongue twister 3 times in a row and not getting lost.
Do finger exercises together so that the child sees and repeats the movements after you.
And now that you have become familiar with the basic rules for conducting a graphic dictation, you can begin classes.

Preparing for school is a long stage in your child's development. You should start classes no earlier than a year before this moment. Teachers and parents have a huge selection of a wide variety of exercises and tasks in mathematics to achieve this goal. Among them, graphic dictations on cells for preschoolers are of no small importance.

Fun or challenging?

For many children, such pictures in the cells in a notebook are an interesting game and exciting entertainment. It is important for an adult not to turn this activity into a boring, tedious task, where the child is scolded for failures. And then the child will always be happy to study.

But many kids may have difficulties. Most often, they are due to the fact that the child has not yet mastered counting within 10, he confuses the concepts of “right-left”, “up-down”. In this case, adults need to help the baby not make mistakes, correct him, and praise him for a positive result.

Age at which you can start training

You can start drawing in boxes with your child as early as 4 years old. The first homework at this age should be easy. At first, you can complete the task with your child on a board or piece of paper so that he can see how to move. For beginners, drawing simple geometric shapes is quite suitable. You can start with an image of a square, rectangle, or simple patterns. You can learn to move diagonally from drawings of a triangle, trapezoid, or rhombus.

At 5 years old, a child can easily draw simple pictures from dictation without visual support.. For example, you can invite him to draw a flower on paper. Also, a five-year-old preschooler can easily cope with drawing a house or an airplane.

For children 6-7 years old, tasks can begin to be complicated by drawing more lines diagonally. An example of such a task would be drawing a rocket.

Methodology for conducting the lesson

The lesson should begin by preparing the workplace and the necessary materials.. Drawings are made in a checkered notebook using a simple pencil. In order for the child to have the opportunity to correct the mistake, he will need an eraser that can be used to remove incorrectly drawn lines. An adult should prepare or print out instructions with a sample of how to complete the task. You don’t have to tell the child which drawing will be the goal of the graphic dictation. After correct execution, he will see the result on his sheet.

As a rule, the instructions offer digital symbols with arrows, such as 2, 3←. The numbers in this case indicate the number of cells by which it is necessary to move in a given direction. It is indicated by an arrow, which is drawn next to the number. So, in our example it should read: move 2 cells up, 3 cells to the left. They begin to move from a starting point, which for younger children the adult sets himself, and older preschoolers can already be asked to set it themselves.

Before starting a lesson for preschoolers, you need to repeat with them counting within 10, the concepts of “right-left”, “top-bottom”. You can ask the baby to show what it means: “we move to the right side, we move up, to the left of, we move down.”

Try to diversify the graphic dictation itself by including tongue twisters, tongue twisters, riddles, finger exercises, physical exercises, discussion of the results obtained, and a conversation or story. It is advisable that everything included in the lesson be on the same topic as the drawing.

Before conducting a graphic dictation, instruct your child that he must try to draw straight, neat lines and be very careful when completing the task.

After the dictation is finished, be sure to praise the child for the result achieved, if necessary, together with him, find the place where he made a mistake and correct it. If the child has a desire, you can invite him to color the finished picture or shade it. If the child is not tired yet and wants to continue the lesson, then you can ask him to independently come up with a drawing according to the cells, and then together with him make a graphic dictation based on his figure.

Methods for conducting graphic dictations

You can conduct a graphic dictation in different ways.

For those guys who are just starting to practice them, the simplest method is suitable - under the dictation of an adult. In this case, the teacher or parent dictates to the child how many cells and in what direction he needs to move.

An example of such a dictation is the “Dog” dictation. The task is completed by the child under the dictation of instructions from adults.

The second way is to offer the child a piece of paper on which instructions for completing the task are written and a starting point is set from which the child needs to move. The child himself looks at the number of cells and the direction of movement.

As an example, look at the graphic dictation

"Car"
"Horse"
"Ship"

The third way is to draw by symmetry. In such dictations, the child is given a sheet on which half of the drawing is depicted and a line of symmetry is drawn. The child completes the drawing by symmetrically counting the required number of cells.

Here an adult draws half of the Christmas tree and draws a line of symmetry. Children are asked to complete the second half symmetrically.

The fourth method is suitable for older children. Here the child is offered a sheet with a sample graphic dictation. The child must draw the same picture on his sheet as in the sample, independently counting the required number of cells and determining the direction in which he needs to move. Such dictations can be not only in the form of drawing lines along the cells, but also with completely coloring the required number of cells with colored pencils. As a result, the baby gets a colorful, beautiful picture in his notebook.

A simple option could be the “Elephant” drawing. Offer your child only the finished image and set a point from which he needs to move.

In the same way, you can invite the child to draw a “Snake”, which is also easy to follow (the instructions should be removed, offering only the finished version) or “Squirrel”.

More difficult tasks are

And the following schemes will be even more difficult to implement:

Benefits of completing tasks

Positive results from working with graphic dictations can be seen within 2-3 months if you regularly offer them to preschoolers, at least several times a week. There is even a diagnostic method by D.B. Elkonin, which is called “Graphic Dictation”. Its goal is to determine the level of development of prerequisites for educational activities in older preschoolers. After all, they are the ones who provide good assistance in preparing the baby for school.

By performing graphic dictations, the baby prepares his hand for writing, reinforces the concepts of “right-left”, “up-down”, learns to navigate in space and on a notebook sheet, and consolidates counting within 10. Children learn to focus on what an adult says and understand him and work in accordance with the instructions he offers. Without this skill, school will be very difficult for them.

We invite you to watch a video of how a child writes graphic dictation in practice.

Graphic dictations contribute to the development of the ability to maintain attention on a specific task, develop spatial imagination, thinking, imagination, creativity, and perseverance. The baby learns to coordinate his movements.

Drawing by cells helps to overcome difficulties that often arise in the initial period of learning for many children, such as undeveloped spelling vigilance and absent-mindedness. They also help to broaden the child’s horizons and increase his vocabulary. Children become familiar with different ways of depicting objects on a piece of paper.

Important points

Doing graphic dictation is an exciting game for a child. This is the leading activity for preschoolers. Adults who decide to work with a child should always remember this.

Praise your child for a well-executed drawing.
Don't scold your child for doing a job poorly.
Help him find and fix the error.
Do not rush your child during the drawing process.
Do not rush to move on to more complex drawings, especially if the child still makes mistakes in simple ones.
Encourage your child to take the initiative to compose such a dictation on his own.
Allow him to color or shade the finished work, but don't insist on it.
Remember that children cannot study for long periods of time. For older preschoolers, the maximum duration of a lesson should be no more than 25-30 minutes.
Don't insist on continuing to work if your child is tired.
Keep your classes varied. Tell your child interesting stories about the depicted object.
At first, help your baby by completing the task with him on your sheet or on the board, so that the child can see how and where to move and learn to count the cells in the right direction.