Constipation during pregnancy - what to do? Medicines and folk remedies for treatment. Constipation during pregnancy: causes, methods of treatment and prevention

Constipation or, as people say, constipation is a painful condition caused by difficult or delayed bowel movements. Anyone without exception can encounter such an unpleasant phenomenon, but the likelihood of developing pathology in pregnant women is especially high, since in addition to the “usual” reasons that are common to all people, there are “their own” ones associated with bearing a fetus.

For example, constipation in early pregnancy often occurs due to high levels of progesterone, a sex hormone that weakens muscle tone and intestinal motility. Constipation that occurs in the second trimester can be explained by a decrease in physical activity and pressure from the growing uterus on the digestive organs. These same factors, as a rule, contribute to the appearance of constipation in late pregnancy. Before childbirth, problems with the normal act of defecation in pregnant women can be neurogenic in nature, that is, they are provoked by a change in the emotional state, fear of the physiological process itself.

It is necessary to treat constipation in pregnant women immediately, since it not only causes many painful phenomena (pain, flatulence, decreased vitality, heartburn, sometimes nausea), but also poses a danger to the baby and mother: infection of the genital organs, endometritis, and hemorrhoids are possible , purulent-septic complications, both during childbirth and in the postpartum period, early discharge of amniotic fluid and, as a consequence, premature birth of a child.

However, it is worth saying that therapy for constipation during pregnancy is not easy, since most medications for relieving constipation are contraindicated at this time. Therefore, in order to overcome an illness that occurs early or late, it is wiser for a pregnant woman to seek help from a gynecologist or other specialist (general practitioner, gastroenterologist).

Doctors, in turn, can prescribe the following medications for constipation:

• osmotic drugs;
• laxatives;
• prebiotics with anti-constipation effect;
• detergents (laxative oils) and rectal suppositories.

Pharmacological drugs

Medications with osmotic action significantly facilitate the process of bowel movement, without additional muscle stimulation. Typically, experts prescribe them to women from the beginning of the third trimester. The list of such medications includes:

1. Forlax is a white powder for the preparation of a drinking solution used for the symptomatic treatment of constipation. The systemic effect of Forlax on the body is so insignificant that it can be taken without problems during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

2. Transipeg is also a powdered remedy for constipation based on macrogol, which is not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The principle of its operation is the retention of water and, as a result, the dilution of feces. When used correctly and in compliance with the dosage, Transipeg is well tolerated by both children (over one year old) and adults, including pregnant women.

3. Carlsbad salt is unique in that it is rich in natural components, which can help you get rid of many diseases of the digestive system.

Laxatives are prescribed to pregnant women with extreme caution, as they increase peristalsis. You should especially be wary of drugs with strong irritating effects, for example, Senade, Regulax, Senna. These medications can hyperstimulate the bowels, which can lead to a risk of miscarriage. However, more gentle remedies for constipation are allowed for use. Thus, the list of permitted laxatives includes:

1. Mucofalk - fights constipation by increasing the volume of intestinal contents and softening stool. Available in orange-flavored granules for preparing a suspension. Not absorbed in the digestive canal.

2. Fiberlex - normalizes intestinal function and is therefore effective not only for constipation, but also for nervous, cortico-visceral diarrhea. Sold in pharmacies in sachets filled with fruit or orange flavored powder.

3. Fitomucil is a safe and effective remedy that helps quickly get rid of constipation in the early and late stages of pregnancy. It contains 2 natural ingredients - plum pulp and plantain husk, thanks to which stimulation of intestinal peristalsis occurs gently and naturally. During pregnancy, Fitomucil is recommended to be taken twice a day, one sachet. If signs of overdose appear, which are expressed by diarrhea, the dose is halved. It is worth knowing that this condition is not dangerous for the baby and mother. The advantages of Fitomucil also include the absence of dyes and preservatives.

The action of prebiotics (food components that reach the large intestine unchanged) is based on activating the growth of beneficial microflora. Preparations with such properties may include fructooligosaccharides, insulin, but more often manufacturers use lactulose. Among the most effective prebiotic remedies for constipation during pregnancy are:

• Duphalac - is available in the form of a syrup with a slight brown tint, packaged in bottles with measuring cups or disposable bags. Duphalac is able to influence stool consistency by increasing the volume of intestinal contents. As a result: constipation is eliminated, the physiological rhythm of feces is restored. According to reviews from both pregnant women themselves and medical specialists, Duphalac is the most harmless medicine during pregnancy. No wonder it is even prescribed to combat constipation in the first trimester of pregnancy.
• Lactusan is a prebiotic with a laxative effect, protecting during pregnancy not only from functional constipation, but also providing them with protection from opportunistic infections - diseases caused by opportunistic cellular organisms.

The list of laxative oils that easily soften hard feces at home and improve their sliding along the final part of the digestive tract is not short. These include liquid paraffin, almond, and fennel oil. But during pregnancy, it is better to use Vaseline for constipation. It is this that, like no other, quickly relieves even strong constipation. The oil must be used locally, that is, by lubricating the anus. The only drawback of this method is the impossibility of long-term use, since the active substance interferes with the absorption of vitamins.

As for suppositories, Papaverine and Glycerin (without additives) are considered relatively safe for pregnant women today. The first drug reduces resistance to defecation by relaxing the intestinal walls, and the second allows you to soften the stool and freely remove it. Both constipation remedies can be used already in early pregnancy.

Unconventional means

Despite the fact that many people successfully treat constipation at home using folk recipes, it is better not to take risks during pregnancy. And if you still like any remedy, then it, like a pharmacological drug, can be used only after consultation with a specialist.

According to many reviews, the following unconventional methods for constipation during pregnancy can be considered the most effective:

• Dried fruit mixture.

This remedy is easy to prepare at home: you just need to take 100 g of raisins, prunes, dried apricots, minced through a meat grinder and combine with 2 large spoons of honey. By consuming 2 teaspoons of the resulting mass before bedtime, constipation during pregnancy will subside quickly.

• A decoction based on prunes.

To prepare it at home, you will need 100 g of this dried fruit, the same amount of beets and rolled oats. After mixing all the ingredients in a saucepan, add 2 liters of water. Next, the container is placed on low heat and its contents are cooked for an hour. The finished product is filtered and, after cooling, put into the refrigerator. Just like the first recipe, the medicinal liquid is drunk at night in the amount of 1 glass.

Not a single remedy for constipation will be effective if the pregnant woman does not follow the correct regimen and diet, on which not only the normal course of metabolism and the absorption of food, but also her overall well-being largely depends. For this purpose, pregnant women are recommended to:

1. eat more foods with fiber;

2. choose gentle cooking methods;

3. drink a lot (but within reasonable limits, so that swelling does not appear), while not relying on coffee, nectars and strong tea;

4. have a liquid dish on the daily menu (soups, borscht);

5. refuse harmful foods;

6. make intervals between meals no more than 4 hours;

7. do not overeat;

8. Chew food slowly and thoroughly.

During pregnancy, both in the early stages and in the late stages, it is imperative that you engage in sufficient physical activity, ideally in the fresh air and not at home. If difficulties with bowel movements cannot be avoided through diet and a healthy lifestyle, you must see a doctor and report the problem. The doctor will definitely select the most optimal remedy for constipation during pregnancy.

Pregnancy is a time of global restructuring of the body of the expectant mother. Back pain, heaviness in the legs, bloating of the chest and many other symptoms do not leave the woman alone. Changes in the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract are no exception.

Constipation occurs due to slow digestion of food. How to cope with constipation during pregnancy, this material.

This is difficult stool formation, which interferes with leading a normal lifestyle. Constipation can be considered the absence of regular bowel movements for more than a day and a half. This uncomfortable condition affects everyone, young and old. The greatest risk group is women, in particular those of childbearing age.

The classification of constipation is as follows. There are episodic type and chronic form. The first type is typical for certain short-term situations (stress, climate change, pregnancy), the second is a regular delay in defecation for more than two days).

Causes of constipation in pregnant women

There are many factors causing it. The main ones will be considered:

1. Poor nutrition.

• Insufficient consumption of water and other liquids due to the appearance of edema.
• Drinking enough fluids and eating fruit will help restore proper bowel function and regulate bowel movements.

1. Taking medications containing calcium and iron.

• These chemical elements have a binding effect, which provokes fecal retention.
• A laxative will help solve the problem.

1. Hormonal changes in the body.

• Due to the large amount of progesterone (pregnancy hormone) produced, digestive function is impaired.
• Progesterone reduces the tone of the uterus and thereby relaxes the intestinal muscles responsible for bowel movements.

1. Insufficient physical activity in later stages.

The closer to childbirth, the woman begins to limit her movement due to weight gain and pain in the spine (associated with fetal pressure).

1. Fetal position.

In the last stages of pregnancy, the fetus's head presses on the intestinal walls.

1. Emotional changes.

Frequent mood swings, fear and anxiety before the upcoming birth also provoke constipation.

How to cope with constipation during pregnancy at home

Constipation affects almost all pregnant women, causing enormous discomfort and the risk of hemorrhoids. Diseases of the circulatory system in the pelvic organs. How can a pregnant woman get rid of constipation? There are plenty of answers to this question: the use of medications, using traditional medicine, and other methods. The question is how valid these methods are, which we will discuss further.

Medical supplies

Intestines during pregnancy

How to quickly get rid of constipation during pregnancy at home? Using medications for these purposes will help solve this problem. The list is as follows:

1. Preparations based on lactulose ( ).

• An absolutely safe product for pregnant women, which allows you to soften stool.
• Gives a slight laxative effect and removes feces in large quantities.
• Significantly alleviates the condition of a pregnant woman.

• Safe drug for children and adults.
• It is inserted into the rectum in a lying position.
• It has a mild effect on the rectum, provoking the act of defecation.
• The substance, glycerin, is not absorbed into the blood and does not tone the uterus, which is very important during pregnancy.
• They act similarly.

1. Mini enema Microlax.

• Quick and softening effect on the muscles of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT).
• The laxative effect occurs within 10 minutes.

It should be remembered that there is also a list of prohibited medications for pregnant women:

1. Medicines that irritate the gastrointestinal tract (Gutalax, Senade, Regulax).
2. Salt-containing drugs (Fotrans, Foralax) increase intestinal pressure.
3. Laxative based on methylcellulose (increases the contents of the intestines and puts pressure on the gastrointestinal tract).

This is a list of those classic ones that are not allowed during pregnancy due to the fact that they can lead to uterine tone, the threat of miscarriage or premature birth.

Folk remedies

How to get rid of constipation at home during pregnancy using traditional medicine?

With popular advice, a pregnant woman needs to be extremely careful so as not to cause spontaneous miscarriage or premature birth.

During pregnancy, decoctions and infusions of herbs can be used only after consultation with a doctor.

Taking such laxative herbs as senna leaves, rhubarb, aloe, wormwood, nettle, yarrow, alder buckthorn bark, joster fruits - prohibited. By improving the functioning of the digestive organs, herbs relax the muscles of the uterus, which is dangerous. An infusion of flax seed also tones the uterus. A decoction of chamomile can cause bleeding and lead to the risk of fetal loss.

The following plants are allowed to be used:

1. Plantain.
2. Motherwort.
3. Ginger.
4. Dill.
5. Mint.
6. Collection based on calendula.
7. Mountain ash.
8. Dandelion.

At the beginning of pregnancy, you can use decoctions and infusions of herbs only after consulting a doctor.

How to get rid of constipation during early pregnancy? The answer is simple. Movement is life, walks in the fresh air have a miraculous effect on blood circulation in the pelvis and improve the well-being of a pregnant woman. Sports activity - yoga, swimming, gymnastics on a fitball - help cope with defecation disorders.

The main rule– do not abuse long hikes or excessive physical exertion, because in the early stages there is a high risk of miscarriage.

Often constipation is of a spastic nature (associated with nervous feelings); to improve the situation, it would not be superfluous to take tea based on sedative herbs. They are also prescribed by a doctor. Self-medication is dangerous.

How to deal with constipation during pregnancy? The stool will be soft if you drink a glass of water every morning half an hour before meals. Adding lemon juice or a spoonful of honey will also be effective. You can make a laxative tea by adding some dried apple fruits to hot water.

The stool will be soft if you drink a glass of water every morning before meals.

Prunes will work great, raw, boiled, grated - it doesn’t matter. It will perfectly improve the functioning of the pregnant woman’s intestines and promote stool to exit.

Recipes for constipation in pregnant women

Beetroot decoction. For two liters of water you need about 100 grams of prunes, oatmeal, and beets. Wash all components and grate on a coarse grater. Place in a deep container and add water, cook for an hour, strain and consume chilled. Store the decoction in the refrigerator.

Pumpkin-honey mixture. Take 150-200 grams of ripe pumpkin, grind with two teaspoons of honey. Bake in the oven.

Flaxseed infusion. Pour a tablespoon of seeds into a glass of boiling water. Leave covered for four hours. Drink the infusion at night. Take only after visiting a doctor.

Infusion of dill seeds. Take about two tablespoons of dill per glass of boiling water. Pour, leave for two hours and drink one tablespoon half an hour before meals. This decoction will help with flatulence.

A decoction of rowan flowers. Take 10 grams of flowers and pour a glass of water. Boil the resulting mixture for 10 minutes. Take 50 ml 3 times a day, after filtering.

Violet herb tea. Place 10 grams of violets in an enamel pan, add a glass of water, and boil in a water bath for 15 minutes. Leave for about an hour, then dilute with 200 ml of water. Then filter and take a tablespoon three times a day.

Infusion of dandelion roots. Pour about two teaspoons of root into 200 ml of boiled water and leave for 8 hours. Take 1/3 cup three times a day.

Other ways to relieve constipation

How to quickly get rid of constipation during pregnancy using other methods. Firstly, you need reconsider the diet of a pregnant woman. It should include whole grain porridge, muesli, vegetable salads seasoned with vegetable oil. Also boiled and steamed vegetables (beets, carrots, turnips, etc.).

Eating fruits such as prunes, green apples, cherries, melon.

Be careful when eating honey, watermelon, apricots, and grapes - they contain substances that can cause allergies. Thick, rich soups, white bread, strong tea, pears, blueberries, pomegranates, etc. are prohibited.

Proper nutrition is the best way to prevent constipation

A combination of diet and regular physical activity will give greater effect.. When choosing a complex, you should ask your doctor for permission, because Some sports exercises provoke labor.

Positive emotions, which expectant mothers are so often deprived of, have a beneficial effect on the gastrointestinal tract system.

Therefore, you need to be able to see good moments and enjoy the world around you. Then stress will fade into the background, and this will save you from painfully difficult trips to the toilet.

Conclusion

The health of the expectant mother and child fundamentally depends on lifestyle. You shouldn’t remain silent about such an unpleasant phenomenon as constipation. Any topic of concern must be discussed with the doctor who is monitoring the pregnancy.

Almost every woman faces such a problem as constipation during pregnancy. This is not surprising, given the changes that occur in the body of the expectant mother. Solving the problem is not at all as difficult as it might seem, but to do this you need to know the exact causes of its occurrence, as well as respond in a timely manner to the appearance of the first symptoms.

Where does constipation come from during pregnancy?

Timely identification of the causes will help overcome constipation immediately after the problem appears. However, you should know that these very reasons may differ significantly at different times. For example, in the first trimester, difficulties when going to the toilet can be caused by:

• a sharp decrease in physical activity associated with the need for bed rest due to the high risk of miscarriage;
• increased concentration of progesterone in the body, which causes atonic constipation during pregnancy. Progesterone relaxes the intestinal muscles, which leads to difficulties in excreting feces;
• taking vitamin complexes and foods that contain large amounts of potassium and iron. These microelements are very useful for a woman during pregnancy, but they complicate the process of defecation.

From the fourth month of pregnancy, new problems are added to the above-mentioned problems. They are mainly associated with fetal growth. It leads to displacement of internal organs and increased pressure on them. At the same time, all existing problems with the digestive tract and intestines come to the surface. If in a normal state they may not show themselves in any way, then under pressure they create serious troubles.

Another reason why constipation occurs during pregnancy in the second and third trimesters is lack of water. When severe edema occurs, its quantity is greatly limited, which leads to problems in the functioning of the digestive system.

Toxicosis, which provokes long breaks between meals, overeating, and non-compliance with the diet also lead to negative consequences. But in this case, it is difficult to fight the pathology; you need to wait until the body itself gets used to the changes occurring in it.

Constipation during pregnancy can also be caused by psychological stress. Its causes include a restructuring of the body, fear of the upcoming birth, and any problems in the family. Regardless of why such experiences arise, it is better to protect the expectant mother from them, since stress negatively affects the development of the fetus. Complete calm and positive emotions are the main ways to protect against any disease.

Problems caused by constipation during pregnancy

Recognizing constipation during pregnancy in the early stages or in the 2-3 trimester is not so difficult. The occurrence of the disease is indicated not only by problems with going to the toilet, but also by the following symptoms:

• pain in the abdominal area;
• constant nausea;
• decreased ability to work, deterioration of mood, lethargy, apathetic attitude towards everything that happens around;
• loss of appetite. The expectant mother needs to deal with this symptom first of all, since for the normal development of the fetus it is necessary to eat well;
• the appearance of pain in the anus, the occurrence of quite painful cracks. Constipation during pregnancy can occur precisely because of such problems.

Also common symptoms include a false urge to defecate and a feeling of fullness in the intestines. All this negatively affects the condition of the pregnant woman and is passed on to the unborn baby, so you should not delay treatment.

Drug Treatment for Constipation: Be Extremely Caution

How to get rid of constipation during pregnancy? The main rule is not to self-medicate. Some medications for expectant mothers are generally prohibited, as they can lead to the most unpredictable consequences. For example, medications such as Senadexin or other tablets based on Senna leaves can cause abortion.

It is best to see a doctor who will prescribe one of the following safe medications to help relieve constipation during pregnancy:

• Duphalac syrup. It has a very delicate effect on the body, softens feces and promotes their gentle removal from the body. The presence of a prebiotic in the composition makes it possible to simultaneously restore normal microflora and eliminate the occurrence of problems in the future;
• Microlax. Another gentle remedy for constipation during pregnancy, which is used for so-called microenemas. Its main advantage is the high speed of impact. The required laxative effect appears within 10-12 minutes;
• Glycerin suppositories. A completely safe remedy for constipation during pregnancy, which gives an excellent effect. Its components do not penetrate the blood and do not pose a risk to the health of the unborn baby.

Despite the fact that these drugs are safe, treatment for constipation during pregnancy with their use can only be performed after consulting a doctor. Only he can choose a medicine that suits the characteristics of the body.

Folk remedies: using the gifts of nature

You should also consult your doctor before using any natural recipes. Many of them allow you to do without medications and alleviate the condition of the expectant mother. Here's an example:

• a decoction of oatmeal, which is mixed with finely chopped beets and prunes;
• raisins and dried apricots. 100 grams of each ingredient should be crushed and mixed with honey. Take two teaspoons at night;
• herbal sedatives. They will help if constipation is accompanied by cramps.

Without fear, you can take a remedy for constipation during pregnancy, which is used by everyone, regardless of age and gender - warm water with honey. It softens the intestines, acts gently and delicately, but the effect should only be expected after a few hours.

Is it possible to avoid constipation during pregnancy: preventive methods

Constipation during pregnancy can be successfully prevented if preventive measures are taken. The most effective of them is following a diet. Nutrition must fully satisfy the body's needs and ensure its protection from a wide variety of diseases.

It is best to switch to fractional meals. That is, eat relatively small portions several times a day. With this approach, constipation during pregnancy occurs very rarely and does not have serious consequences. In addition, the following recommendations must be followed:

• • it is advisable to completely remove from the diet coffee and strong black tea, pastries and white bread, bananas, and other foods that “tighten” the stomach, lead to the formation of gases and cause constipation during pregnancy;
  • no fatty or fried, too salty and spicy. However, this requirement helps prevent not only constipation during pregnancy, but also many other diseases;
  • all dishes containing a large amount of protein should be eaten in the morning so that they have time to be properly digested;
  • For dinner it is recommended to eat kefir or other fermented milk products, as well as vegetables and fruits. Everything else is heavy food, which is best left for the first half of the day;
  • It is very important to drink as much fluid as possible. Minimum – one and a half liters per day. In the morning, you can drink a glass of warm water with lemon juice, which prevents constipation during pregnancy;

The menu can also include dried fruits and vegetable oils. Any pasta, fatty meat and any animal fats, rice and semolina porridge are completely or partially prohibited for a pregnant woman. In addition, it is very undesirable to consume preserves and canned foods that use spices, marinades, or any chocolate products. This diet is difficult to follow, but it will help prevent or eliminate constipation during pregnancy, and will also have a beneficial effect on the development of the fetus.

To avoid feeling hungry while following a diet, you can use fiber, which is sold in every pharmacy. We recommend mixing it with kefir or other fermented milk products - this allows you to make any snack more nutritious and healthy.

To avoid constipation during pregnancy, you need to move as much as possible. Walking, relaxing in nature or by the pool, light morning exercises and evening exercises will improve digestion. But before regular walks, it still wouldn’t hurt to consult a doctor so as not to risk the health of your unborn baby. You can massage, but avoid putting too much pressure on your stomach and intestines. The following gymnastics helps a lot:

• smooth squats. In later stages, it is better to hold on to a chair to reduce the load on the body;
• exercises from a lying position - “bicycle” and “scissors”;
• tension and relaxation of the sphincter;
• pelvic lifts from a supine position.

Each exercise must be performed at least 10 times.

To summarize, we can list several basic preventive measures that can prevent constipation during pregnancy:

• a diet prepared with the participation of a qualified specialist;
• physical activity within the limits established for pregnant women;
• regular consumption of liquids - plain water, decoctions and compotes of dried fruits, fruit drinks, herbal tea;
• only positive emotions. Constipation during pregnancy can be caused by nervous stress and depression that arise for a variety of reasons. Therefore, it is best to exclude these reasons in advance, if possible.

Negative consequences of constipation during pregnancy

Constipation during pregnancy can and should be treated. Under no circumstances should you simply ignore the problem, as its consequences can be very unpleasant:

• deterioration of general condition, nausea, migraine;
• poisoning with feces, which are slowly excreted from the body;
• gallbladder problems;
• increased uterine tone;
• inflammation of the rectum and other intestinal diseases;
• deterioration of the skin condition. Peeling skin and sagging are not very pleasant problems, which are caused by constipation during pregnancy;
• negative impact on the growth and development of the fetus.

In addition, medicinal laxatives designed to treat constipation during pregnancy can create a serious risk of miscarriage, so it is very important not to escalate the situation to their use. It is better to use preventive and traditional methods of treatment in advance, which will not cause any harm to the unborn baby.

Constipation or constipation is one of the most common manifestations of gastrointestinal dysfunction. Such a violation can be either situational, that is, episodic, or chronic. When talking about constipation, experts mean the patient does not have bowel movements or has difficulty having bowel movements for 72 hours or more. The most common occurrences are episodic defecation disorders caused by stress, taking pharmacological agents, climate change or pregnancy.

Problems with normal bowel movements are a common problem in women during gestation. Moreover, the development of this pathology is not affected by the patient’s age, state of health or lifestyle. This condition is not considered a disease, but can significantly reduce a woman’s quality of life. The disorder can be eliminated by taking medications to improve intestinal motility and following recommendations for further prevention of constipation.

Constipation is a disruption of the normal functioning of the digestive tract, accompanied by the absence of stool or insufficient bowel movements during bowel movements. During gestation, this dysfunction occurs in more than 70% of women.

The disorder is manifested by a decrease in the normal frequency of stool for a person and a number of symptoms that arise against this background:

• cramping and spasmodic pain in the abdomen caused by impaired intestinal motility;
• anal fissures, hemorrhoids, anal bleeding due to strong straining;
• hardness of feces;
• bloating, nausea;
• pain and burning in the posterior area after defecation.

Attention! Regular constipation also negatively affects the general well-being of patients. Partial reabsorption of fluid from feces leads to intoxication of the body, which is manifested by rapid fatigue, weakness, dry skin, brittle hair and nails. In pregnant women, a similar condition can develop even after 3-4 days of constipation.

Causes of constipation in women during gestation

The main reason for the development of constipation in early pregnancy is hormonal changes in a woman’s body. Under normal conditions, the patient’s blood contains a large amount of biologically active substances that stimulate contraction of the intestinal walls. However, during gestation the amount of these hormones decreases sharply. This is due to a single innervation system of the digestive tract and uterus.

Attention! Innervation is the supply of tissues with nerves, thereby ensuring their connection with the organs of the central nervous system.

Peristalsis of the intestinal walls leads to a similar contraction of the myometrium. A similar process during pregnancy can lead to spontaneous abortion. Therefore, during gestation, a woman’s body suppresses the production of hormones that ensure the normal movement of chyme through the gastrointestinal tract. This creates a kind of protection for the embryo. However, the negative consequence of such a process is the development of constipation.

In later stages of pregnancy, constipation occurs as a result of intensive growth of the embryo and an increase in the size of the uterus. This leads to compression of the intestine and a decrease in its lumen. In addition, during the last weeks of gestation, the fetus descends towards the entrance to the pelvis, as a result, the functioning of the digestive tract significantly worsens.

Factors leading to constipation

The following factors can also lead to constipation at various stages of pregnancy:

1. A sharp increase in progesterone levels in a woman’s body. This hormone reduces the muscle tone of internal organs from the first weeks of gestation.
2. Consumption of foods and vitamin-mineral complexes high in iron. Many pregnant women take medications to prevent anemia. Such products have a fixing effect and can cause constipation.
3. Decreased physical activity. A sedentary lifestyle, which is natural for women during gestation, leads to a decrease in the tone of the intestinal walls and, as a result, the development of constipation. Patients who are prescribed bed rest to prevent the threat of miscarriage are especially susceptible to constipation.
4. Lack of fluid. During pregnancy, a woman's body requires an average of 2 liters of water per day. Dehydration leads to a deterioration in general condition, cephalgia and defecation disorders.

Constipation has a detrimental effect on the condition of both the woman and the fetus. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate dysfunction when primary symptoms appear. Otherwise, constipation can lead to the following unpleasant consequences:

1. Disturbance of the microflora in the gastrointestinal tract of a woman, which then causes dysbiosis in the body of the newborn.
2. Accumulation of waste products in the patient’s intestines, which can negatively affect the fetus.
3. Painful attacks that a woman experiences when she has to push intensely. In the second or third trimester, the pain is so severe that it can lead to fainting or vomiting.

To prevent constipation from harming the woman and the embryo, it is necessary to take measures for timely treatment and prevention of this condition.

Video - Constipation in pregnant women

Treatment of constipation during gestation

Today, there is a huge variety of means to combat constipation in pregnant women. In this case, treatment of constipation should be carried out comprehensively. The patient is recommended:

• change your diet and diet;
• use pharmacological drugs if necessary;
• perform exercises to improve intestinal motility;
• use herbal remedies with a laxative effect.

Attention! Before using any measures to eliminate digestive tract dysfunction, you should definitely consult a specialist. The possibility of using certain means depends on the health of the woman and the embryo.

Changing the diet during constipation in pregnant women

The most effective way to improve the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract is to change the patient’s dietary principles. To get rid of constipation, you should follow a number of principles:

1. You need to eat regularly, but in small portions. Pregnant women are recommended to eat about five times a day, but the meals should be small. This measure allows food to be thoroughly digested.
2. Avoid eating fatty, high-calorie or fried foods. Preference should be given to steamed, boiled or baked dishes. The basis of the diet should be foods high in fiber: fruits, vegetables, cereals. Such food stimulates intestinal motility.
3. To prevent waste from accumulating in a woman’s body, she should drink at least one and a half liters of liquid. Otherwise, the patient may develop flatulence, which only worsens the excretion of feces from the intestines. To stimulate peristalsis, you can drink 1 glass a day of mineral water with a high magnesium content, for example, “ Essentuki" or " Moscow».

Healthy foods for constipation

The diet of patients with constipation should include the following products:

1. Bread made from rye flour or cereals. The baked goods must be dry. Instead of bread, you can eat unsweetened cookies, biscuits, and crispbread.
2. Soups. Vegetable and cereal soups should form the basis of women's nutrition during gestation. These dishes improve intestinal motility and allow the body to receive sufficient nutrients and fluids. It is recommended to cook soups with chicken, beef or fish broth.

   

3. Milk and dairy products. You should give preference to fermented milk products: kefir, fermented baked milk, cottage cheese and dishes made from it: cheesecakes, casseroles, dumplings, etc. Cream and sour cream can be consumed in small quantities.
4. Eggs. Boiled or fried eggs are quite heavy food, so it is recommended to steam omelettes with the addition of a small amount of milk or butter.
5. Cereals. Cereal dishes are easily digestible and provide the woman’s body with many nutrients. Steamed oat flakes in water, oatmeal with skim milk, muesli, and pearl barley porridge are especially useful.

   

6. Vegetables. Beets, pumpkin, cauliflower and broccoli, and cucumbers have a beneficial effect on digestion. You should avoid eating white cabbage, legumes and potatoes.
7. Fruits. Fruits or fresh juices from them are recommended as dessert. Dried fruits are also beneficial for the digestive system: apples, dried apricots, prunes, apricots.
8. Sauces. Ketchup and mayonnaise should be avoided. You should prepare sauces and gravies yourself; in addition, dishes can be seasoned with olive, vegetable or linseed oil. To relieve constipation, it is recommended to take 1 teaspoon of oatmeal oil 2 times a day.

   

To ensure that a pregnant woman’s nutrition is complete, it is recommended to prepare a menu in advance for one or several days in advance.

Approximate daily diet

Gymnastics as a remedy for constipation

Physical exercise is an integral tool in the fight against disorders of the digestive tract. Gymnastics allows you not only to improve intestinal motility, but also to generally increase the tone of the body.

Gymnastics classes involve performing the following exercises:

1. Get on all fours. Your knees should be hip-width apart and your hands should be shoulder-width apart. Lift your right palm off the floor and reach towards your left knee, leaning down slightly. Take the starting position. Repeat the exercise with your left hand.
2. Sit on the mat with your legs stretched out. Place your palms on your knees. Perform head and torso turns to the right and left.
3. Sit on the mat with your back to the wall. Bend your legs slightly at the knees. Take deep belly breaths for two to three minutes.
4. Lie on your back, legs slightly bent at the knees. Touch your left knee with your right heel. Repeat the exercise with the other leg.
5. Lie on your back. Bend your legs at the knees, spread them apart, press your feet together. Try to bring your knees as close to the floor as possible.
6. Lie on your back, bend your knees. Feet should be pressed to the floor. Rotate your pelvis to the right and left, trying to touch your knees to the floor.

Attention! You need to perform each exercise 10-15 times. At the same time, gymnastics should not lead to excessive physical activity or cause deterioration in well-being. Before starting classes, you should consult with a specialist.

Enema as a remedy for constipation

Enemas should be used with extreme caution to treat constipation during pregnancy. This method makes it possible to quickly get rid of excess feces in the intestines, but has a number of contraindications. Enemas and microenemas should not be given to women with the following pathologies:

• increased uterine tone;
• isthmic-cervical insufficiency;
• the patient has a history of miscarriages;
• threat of premature termination of pregnancy;
• underdevelopment of the placenta.

Attention! Even if the patient has no contraindications to the use of an enema, it should be used only after contacting a gynecologist. If the doctor suspects that the condition of the woman or fetus is impaired, this is grounds for a ban on performing this procedure.

The most gentle type of enemas are microenemas. Their volume is usually 5-15 ml. One of the most commonly used rectal preparations for the treatment of pregnant women is Microlax.

Pharmacological remedies for constipation

In early pregnancy, the following medications are usually prescribed:

Experts try not to prescribe classical pharmacological laxatives to women during gestation, since such drugs sharply increase peristalsis. Medicines such as Senade or Regulax have a strong irritating and stimulating effect, due to which they can cause uterine contractions.

To normalize stool, patients in late stages of gestation are prescribed osmotic drugs. They allow you to empty your bowels without additional mechanical stimulation.

Attention! Osmotic drugs increase pressure in the digestive tract. In addition, these products do not allow the reabsorption of liquids, that is, they protect the body from intoxication.

The most popular are the following:

Folk remedies for constipation

You can improve intestinal function using traditional medicine methods. The most effective are the following recipes:

1. Mix a tablespoon of castor oil with one egg yolk and 15 grams of honey. Dilute the resulting mixture in 150 ml of warm water. You need to take the solution 1 tablespoon every two hours.
2. Mix potato juice with warm water in a 1:1 ratio. You should drink 3 tablespoons of the solution before each meal.
3. Stir 1 teaspoon of olive oil in one glass of fresh low-fat kefir. Take the mixture before bed.
4. Mix 100 grams of prunes, grated beets and oatmeal. Pour the mixture with two liters of hot water, cook over low heat for 60 minutes, strain and cool to room temperature. Take one glass of the decoction before bedtime. Store the solution in the refrigerator.
5. Pour three tablespoons of flax seeds into 500 ml of warm water. Leave to brew overnight, strain and drink the resulting liquid 100 ml three times a day.

Constipation is one of the most common complications during pregnancy. This condition generally does not pose a threat to the health of the woman and the fetus, but it can cause the patient a lot of unpleasant sensations. To eliminate constipation, you should take a comprehensive approach to solving the problem: do gymnastics, lead a healthy lifestyle, and only if necessary take medications with a gentle osmotic effect.

Maria Sokolova is a pregnancy expert at Colady magazine. Mother of three children, obstetrician by training, writer by vocation.

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Pregnancy is a special condition in which you cannot use medications thoughtlessly and spontaneously, even if they seem completely harmless. Treatment of constipation in a pregnant woman is a serious problem that needs to be given maximum attention - both from the expectant mother and from the doctor.

We will introduce you to all methods of treating constipation during pregnancy that are safe for the mother and her unborn baby.

Lists of desirable and undesirable foods and dishes - treatment and prevention of constipation with diet

Initially, it is necessary to eliminate all possible problems in consultation with a specialist.

One of the most important conditions for successful treatment is, of course, a strict diet. And if constipation “caught” you in the early stages, then it is recommended to adhere to the diet and regimen until childbirth.

Basic nutrition rules:

• Drink water in the morning room temperature (volume - at least a glass).
• Don't forget to drink fluids throughout the day (per day - at least 2 liters) taking into account the use of compotes, soups, etc. The exception is the presence of edema. In this case, consult your doctor.
• Number of meals — 5-7 times/day. A little at a time, without adding too much to the plates of pasta.
• In the first half of the day we lean on proteins. But in the evening we give preference to carbohydrates.
• Eliminating harmful foods from the diet (dry diet - fight!) and introduce those that have a positive effect on the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Meat - only once a day. Even better, once every 2 days. But fish and seafood - as much as your heart desires.

What should be included in the diet?

1. Products with coarse fiber - grain crops, more fruits and vegetables, legumes and mushrooms (with caution) will not interfere.
2. Dairy products. For example, fermented baked milk, low-percentage kefir and cottage cheese. You can also use yogurt.
3. Tea mushroom. It (note - eight days!) should be drunk chilled, only on an empty stomach and with a spoon of honey.
4. Grain bread - dried. Black rye bread and biscuits are also useful. Eliminate soft bread made from wheat flour from your diet.
5. Fresh and sauerkraut.
6. More beets.
7. Vinaigrettes with sunflower oil.
8. Instead of sauces, mayonnaise and other harmful dressings - olive oil.
9. More green vegetables and herbs - zucchini, cucumbers, green salad, etc.
10. Apples It is recommended to eat baked with honey.
11. Nuts will also be useful , but in a reasonable amount.
12. Dried fruits. For example, prunes. It should be consumed in the morning, 4-5 berries, after drinking a glass of water. Or in the evening, on an empty stomach, with a glass of kefir. You can also steam dried fruits and drink the infusion instead of tea (100 g of berries in 2 cups of boiling water, leave for 10 hours), or cook compotes (minimal sugar).
13. Soups with water or light broths (turkey, chicken breast, white fish).

Useful food “mixes” for constipation:

• Soak oatmeal in milk, add grated carrots, chopped apples and nuts.
• Mix prunes with dried melon, add a little lingonberries and 3 tbsp honey.
• Mix raisins and nuts, figs, and a little prunes. Add 5 tbsp aloe juice.
• Mix boiled beets with soaked dried apricots, chopped apples and figs. Add 5 tbsp honey.

It is best to accept these “mixes” - for the night , in the amount of 2-3 spoons.

We improve the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract - healthy salads for constipation:

1. Greens, some walnuts, chopped boiled beets and 2-3 tablespoons of green peas.
2. Finely chopped and pressed (to juice) with a wooden masher, fresh cabbage, 1 tomato, a couple of fresh cucumbers, an apple, 3 tablespoons of beans and greens.
3. Green lettuce leaves, cucumbers, lots of greens.
4. Grated fresh carrots (approx. - on a fine grater), greens, a couple of spoons each - figs, dried apricots and lingonberries.
5. Any boiled mushrooms, more greens, 200 g of boiled fish and a little seaweed.
6. Greens with walnuts (half a handful), fresh apples (diced), 5-6 crab sticks and a handful of seaweed.
7. Raisins with prunes, boiled beets, greens and grated fresh carrots.

From cereals The most useful are buckwheat, rolled oats, wheat and pearl barley.

For refueling - exclusively olive oil, and salt - to a minimum!

What is prohibited?

• We exclude soft and white bread, all kinds of buns and chocolate.
• From drinks we remove all fatty milk/fermented milk, cocoa, strong tea and coffee. Of course, no alcohol.
• Limit the amount of semolina porridge, thick and slimy soups, and fatty broths.
• “To the furnace” - all hamburgers, “doshiraki” and dry rations.
• A categorical ban on chips with crackers and other “beer snacks.” If you really want croutons, you can dry the bread into cubes yourself - this option is not prohibited.
• We give the “enemy” sausages, canned goods and smoked meats with pickles/marinades. If you really want to put something on a bun, boil the beef and cut slices for sandwiches. If there is not enough “freshness” on your plate, eat sauerkraut or make a spring salad.
• Rice, semolina. They only worsen constipation (if anyone doesn’t know, rice water is the best fixative for diarrhea).

Approved medications for the treatment of constipation during pregnancy - what can a doctor prescribe?

Doctors rarely prescribe classic laxatives to expectant mothers. First of all, this is associated with the risk of increased uterine tone and premature birth. After all, the sudden movement of feces through the intestines inevitably leads to an increase in uterine tone with all the ensuing consequences.

Therefore, drugs that stimulate intestinal motility are prohibited! These include the following drugs:

1. Hay, rhubarb or buckthorn bark, aloe and castor oil. Plus all the products based on them, which cause activity not only of the intestinal muscles, but also of the uterus.
2. Bisacodyl, gutalax.
3. Saline laxatives. Such as, for example, magnesium solution, Karlovy Vary salt, etc. In addition to the fact that they increase the activity of the gastrointestinal tract and uterus, they also lead to disruption of the water-salt balance.
4. Preparations based on seaweed or flaxseed , based on cellulose and agar-agar. The consequence of taking it is fluid retention and the development of edema.
5. Oil based laxatives to soften stool. Their disadvantage is the deterioration of the absorption of vitamins in the gastrointestinal tract.

What is allowed?

A laxative for an expectant mother should, firstly, be safe, and secondly, as mild as possible.

Medicines that the doctor may prescribe:

• Lactulose. A harmless laxative, approved even for newborns. This syrup softens stool, helps cleanse the intestines of harmful bacteria and gently increases the activity of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Suppositories with glycerin. This drug acts very quickly - you will even have to wait at least 20 minutes so that the suppository has time to soften the stool. Given the effect of the drug on the uterus, it is not recommended to use it in the early stages of pregnancy, as well as from the 30th to 32nd week. And even in later stages - only on the recommendation of a doctor.
• Enterozermina. This drug is usually prescribed to restore intestinal microflora.
• Duphalac. It is also a harmless drug created on the basis of lactulose. Can be used at any time.
• Preparations based on bifidobacteria. With their help, you can improve the digestion of food and the intestinal microflora itself.
• Microlax. Serious “adult” enemas for the expectant mother are prohibited. Microlax is a micro-enema, and it is ready for use. For the desired result, 1 tube is enough, and the effect occurs after 15 minutes.
• Normaze. Effective syrup based on lactulose. Gently weakens and restores the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract.

We remind you! Before using any constipation treatment, consult your doctor! Self-medication is dangerous for the health of the baby and mother!

Folk remedies in the treatment and prevention of constipation in pregnant women

In fact, the best remedy for constipation is proper nutrition according to the schedule and the exclusion of harmful foods. This diet helps improve the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, and there is simply no need for special products.

If you have just started to fight this scourge, and you need quick results, you can use one of the folk recipes:

1. We grate peeled potatoes on a fine grater, squeeze out the juice through cheesecloth, dilute it with water one to one and drink it half an hour before meals three times a day.
2. Boil figs in milk (a couple of chopped berries per glass), cool and drink a quarter glass 4 times a day.
3. Before going to bed - 1 tsp of honey per third glass of warm milk.
4. In the morning and before bed - 4-5 prunes on an empty stomach.
5. Compote. For 1 liter of water (without sugar) - 1 glass of dried cherries with apples. Steam the berries, leave until cool, drink warm instead of tea.
6. We pass figs with prunes, dates, dried apricots (in equal parts) through a meat grinder. Add 2 tbsp honey. Mix. We eat 1 tsp on an empty stomach.
7. Disposable enema. We put warm chamomile decoction into a mini-pear and after use, wait half an hour or an hour. It is better to do it at night so that in the morning the stool is soft and the process itself is easy.
8. You can also use pharmaceutical herbs, but with caution - it is unknown how this or that herb will affect the tone of the uterus.

The website warns: the information is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Do not self-medicate under any circumstances! If you have any health problems, consult your doctor!