Maternity leave in the Russian Federation. Who calculates the "decree". When they go on maternity leave ahead of schedule

When I was on maternity leave, I suffered a lot, first from toxicosis, and then, simply from feeling unwell. I really wanted to go on vacation early and not do work duties.

In order to know for sure which week they go on maternity leave, I got acquainted in detail with the provisions of labor legislation relating to this issue. It turned out that, despite the existence of a standard term for going on maternity leave, there are also various assumptions.

In general, until my daughter was born, I studied labor legislation comprehensively and today I decided to tell you everything I know about going on maternity leave. In other words, the article will answer questions about how many weeks you can go on vacation and when sick leave is issued. How is this right exercised?

Decree is a word that is used at the household level and is not applied at the legislative level. In fact, we are talking about the time the future mother is in the last stages of pregnancy and the woman goes on vacation from the workplace.

In a narrower sense, this term refers to the justified absence of an employee from the workplace in connection with the birth of a baby.

Employers do not always positively perceive the news of an employee's pregnancy. Moreover, in ninety percent of cases, the authorities are terrified of such messages.

If these circumstances arise, the workflow will be disrupted and the responsible person at the enterprise will have to look for a new employee for a maternity job and bring him up to date.

In addition, the accountant will be responsible for making calculations related to the payment of such leave and filing documents for reimbursement of the amount of maternity leave.

To reduce the degree of discomfort when a woman goes on vacation, it is worth clarifying in advance from which week of pregnancy the employee will go to rest. The best option is to use a special online calculator for preliminary calculations.

What time does the decree begin and what is its duration

For many pregnant women, it becomes almost vital to know which month they can go on B&R vacation. Legislation provides for several standard terms that employers and pregnant employees are guided by when making calculations.

Upon reaching this period, the expectant mother can no longer be involved in labor activities if she herself does not want it and she needs to arrange a vacation for her, and then give out the due amounts. For more information on which month employees can go on maternity leave, see the table.

Here, readers will be able to see how long a vacation in BiR lasts and how various external factors can affect this.

General procedure for registration of maternity leave

The labor legislation describes the general procedure for issuing sick leave certificates, which serve as the basis for sending women on maternity leave.

The document is drawn up by a gynecologist observing the expectant mother, but it is assumed that a private doctor can also write out a bulletin if the woman is observed at home, and the specialist has a state license.

The sick leave is issued for the entire period, that is, after the birth of the baby, the woman will not need to go to the clinic again to complete the sick leave.

Usually, the doctor informs the woman about the timing of the maternity leave, performing a special calculation, but the specialist can also focus on the gestational order, that is, guided by ultrasound data.

An important nuance is that the gestational age is calculated in weeks, which means that doctors count the date of maternity leave from the moment the employee is registered. Knowing the starting point, the doctor can easily predict the date of going on vacation in BiR and inform the woman about it.

After receiving the ballot, the employee will have to transfer it to the management of her enterprise and supplement it with a standard application.

Is it possible to go on maternity leave earlier or later

Since life circumstances are different, the timing of maternity leave can be revised taking into account the influence of external factors. For example, the expectant mother does not feel well and cannot cope with her work responsibilities.

Here it is enough to contact the observing doctor and issue a sick leave. This will allow you to go on vacation earlier than the prescribed 31 weeks of pregnancy.

The next way is to use annual leave. Such a right is established by law, and a woman who has not yet taken advantage of the prescribed days of rest can apply to it.

If the woman wishes, the maternity leave can be postponed, and the entire period will be paid by the employer, like regular working hours, but then she will not be able to get sick leave.

Conclusion

Exit in the decree must occur within a certain period. This right is reserved for every woman with official employment. To use it, you need to issue a bulletin to the gynecologists, and then contact the employer.

Previously, the date of maternity leave can be calculated by the woman herself using a special online calculator. If the future mother wants, then she can go on vacation later than the deadline.

The appearance of a baby is undoubtedly a very important event in the life of every family. By this time, significant preparation is needed. Pregnancy is a wonderful and, to some extent, mysterious period in the life of any woman. The longest pregnancy in the world was a little over a year, to be exact - 375 days. The child was born absolutely healthy.

But the smallest in term, from which a healthy child was born, lasted 21 weeks and 5 days. The average duration of this period is 40 weeks. In the last weeks before childbirth, it is no longer so easy for a woman to perform her labor functions in the workplace. Therefore, expectant mothers use the opportunity to go on maternity leave to rest and prepare for the birth process, as well as to adapt in the postpartum period.

Below you can find out: how long women go on maternity leave.

A woman is preparing to become a mother soon

What is maternity leave

Probably, there will not be an adult who does not understand what is at stake. However, "maternity leave" is not defined at the legislative level. But it has stuck in the everyday life of our Russians and means - maternity leave (leave in BiR). Its value depends on how the period of bearing a child proceeds, whether there are any complications, and how the process of childbirth itself goes.

The legislation allocates at least 70 days before the date of birth of the baby and exactly the same number of days after the date of birth of the baby to stay on maternity leave. All this time, a certificate of incapacity for work is issued, i.e. sick leave, its payment is made by the organization in which the woman works.

How many weeks do maternity leave

The gynecologist in the antenatal clinic, where the pregnant woman is registered, sets the specific day of the month when maternity leave begins based on the results of an ultrasound examination. Find out how long they go on maternity leave?

If the birth of one child is foreseen, in this case, a certificate of incapacity for work will be issued 70 days before the date set by the doctor, at 30 weeks of pregnancy according to obstetric terms.

Note! If two or more children are expected, then a woman becomes disabled 84 days before the birth of children, at 28 weeks.

Regardless of how many fetuses are born, women who stay in radioactively contaminated areas are issued a sick leave certificate 6 days earlier - 90 days before childbirth, this is a 27-week period.

Vacation duration in BiR

The vacation period lasts as many days as established by law, and does not depend on how much the maternity woman used them before giving birth. This means that if the child is born earlier or later than the period determined by the doctor, the rest period will still end after the number of days limited by law, regardless of how many days the woman has actually been on sick leave.

Another baby has arrived

The duration of the entire vacation is as follows:

140 days during normal and uncomplicated pregnancy (in equal parts before and after, i.e. 70/70);
156 days if complications during childbirth are inevitable (premature, with obstetric surgery, if there is heavy blood loss, as well as other cases indicated in the instructions for postpartum leave);
160 days if the place of residence of the woman belongs to the territory contaminated with waste that is radioactive (90 days before and 70 after childbirth);
194 days in a situation where two or more children are born (84 calendar days before and 110 after).
70 days of leave are provided to women who have adopted a baby who is not yet 3 months old (postpartum part)
110 days, the postpartum part, when a woman becomes an adoptive parent for two or more children.

If it happens that the birth begins earlier than the period set by the specialist, in particular from the 22nd to the 30th week, then the B&R leave will have a duration of 156 days from the date of birth.

Vacation registration

At the 30th week or at the 28th week, depending on how many fetuses the pregnant woman bears, she needs to go to the antenatal clinic. The start date of the decree is determined by the doctor. On the day of admission, he fills out a disability certificate for a woman for 140 days or 184 days (if two or more children are expected). The hospital is "closed" in advance. If complications arise during childbirth, the doctor who delivered the childbirth will prolong it.

The next stage - a woman comes to work in order to apply for a vacation in BiR.

Important! The employer does not have the right to refuse a woman the rest due to her. In addition, you can separately apply for the payment of benefits to her for B&R. Or indicate this moment in the application for leave.

Sample Application

A specialist from the personnel department should check the correctness of the application.

On the basis of the application and the sick leave, the director of the enterprise issues an order, which must be signed by the “maternity leave”. The woman’s signature is necessary in order to confirm that she is familiar with the order.

At the end of the period for which the sick leave was issued, a woman needs to take leave to care for a child up to 3 years old. Its beginning will be, in case of registration, from the subsequent date indicated on the sick leave. Otherwise, the woman must go to work.

It is also important that on leave to care for a child until he reaches 1.5 years of age, a monthly allowance will be paid, regardless of whether the woman was working before giving birth. Depending on whether a woman works or not, the size of the allowance will differ.

Monthly allowance payment

To apply for this leave, the mother must submit to the personnel department the birth certificate of the child, as well as a copy of this document. Again, you need to submit an application. Based on these documents, a subsequent order will be issued.

Note! The right to be on leave to care for a child is not only his mother, but also the father, and, if necessary, the relatives of the child who will take care of him.

When can I go on maternity leave earlier?

Although, according to the legislation, the period for going on maternity leave is set from the 30th or from the 28th week of pregnancy. Circumstances may arise that the need for rest will arise earlier than the period determined by the doctor.

If there are any health problems, you can go to an appointment with a local therapist, who has the right to write out a sick leave, which makes it possible not to go to work. If you have a specific disease, you can seek help from a specialist doctor.

Sample sick leave

Every woman who is in a position has the right to take an annual regular leave, which will last until the time she goes on maternity leave, and only then take a leave for BiR.

Also, if a pregnant woman has health problems or there is a threat of premature termination of pregnancy, it is advisable for a woman to undergo treatment in a hospital or maternity hospital, and then take the main leave.

Are there options to go on maternity leave later?

The law determines that a woman has the right to go on maternity leave from the 30th or from the 28th week. Since this is a right that is not an obligation of the pregnant woman, there is an opportunity to go on vacation later. In addition, it is provided on the basis of not one certificate of incapacity for work, but also the application of the employee.

But the vacation itself cannot be cancelled. It just turns out that there will be a decrease in the period by the number of days worked. A woman must inform the antenatal clinic about her intention to continue working, so that the term of the sick leave for working days is reduced. If, nevertheless, the future mother cannot work, then her doctor can restore the sick leave from the 30th week retroactively.

pregnant woman at work

At the same time, you need to know that when you go on vacation later than the due date, the part of the allowance that falls on vacation days that were not used disappears. That is, a woman is entitled to a salary for the days worked, and the allowance is for those days on which she will be on maternity leave.

Many employers, if a woman wants to work more than expected, arrange maternity leave, as it should be from 30 weeks, and pay a bonus for the extra days worked, having agreed informally on this issue bilaterally. Officially, the employee does not work these days, her presence is not noted in the report card. Thus, from the side of the law, nothing seems to be violated.

Maternity allowance

The B&D allowance is paid to a woman in a lump sum for the entire vacation period.

Note! No fees and taxes are charged from sick leave in BiR.

Only women are eligible to receive benefits:

those who are officially employed;
unemployed (who lost their jobs due to the liquidation of the enterprise within 12 months from the date they were recognized as unemployed);
students of stationary departments;
contract servicemen;
women who are adoptive children.

The allowance is paid at the place of work, study, service. The social security authorities at the place of residence pay this allowance to the dismissed.

Important! If the employee was employed during the previous two years concurrently with two permanent employers, then each of the employers must pay her benefits.

The allowance is paid at the expense of the FSS. On the portal of the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation, using a special calculator, you can calculate the amount of the B&R benefit.

The amount of payment for staying on maternity leave depends on the woman's salary for the last 2 full years before giving birth. So, for example, if an employee goes on vacation in BiR in 2018, then 2017 and 2016 will be taken into account.

What is the amount of payments

The maximum amount of payments is calculated based on insurance premiums for previous years.

For 2017 - the insurance base does not exceed 755,000 rubles;
For 2016 - 718,000 rubles.

The maximum payouts in 2018 are as follows:

282106 rubles * - 140 days of vacation;
RUB 314,347* - 156 days;
RUB 390,919* - 194 days.

To determine the amount of the benefit, the average daily earnings of an employee for 2 years are calculated. First, the salary for 2 years should be divided by the number of days (730 if those years are not leap years). Then, the average earnings per day are multiplied by the number of sick days.

Important! If a woman did not work for a couple of years prior to the decree, or her average earnings for this period were less than the minimum wage, then her average earnings will be equal to the minimum wage for the calculation of benefits.

Here is a significant difference with the payment of other types of sick leave, payments for which depend on the length of service:

if the insurance period is less than 6 months, then the amount of the benefit is calculated based on the minimum wage;
with insurance experience - up to 5 years, the amount of benefits - 60% of average earnings;
from 5 to 8 years - 80%
if the insurance period is over 8 years, then the allowance is 100% of the average daily earnings.

The minimum allowable insurance payments are:

28555.80 rubles * - if the vacation lasts 140 days;
31819.32 rubles* - for 156 days;
39570.18 rubles* - for 194 days.

Those who worked less than six months before maternity leave will receive benefits in the amount not exceeding the minimum wage for each month they are on maternity leave. Those who live in places where district coefficients are applicable (for example, in the Far North) will receive an allowance, the amount of which will be multiplied by the corresponding coefficient.

Payments for the birth of a child

The employer must accrue the allowance no later than 10 days after the application is submitted and pay it on the next pay day.

The legislation of our country states that most of the child benefits can be issued by every adult who actually raises a child. Most often, the biological mother takes care of the baby, there are times when the father, grandmothers or other close relatives do this. You need to know that B&R payments are an exception to the general rules. Only the biological mother can receive them.

Every expectant mother is preparing for the birth process. Being on maternity leave is necessary for both the expectant mother and the newborn. Therefore, it becomes necessary to have information about when a woman has the right to go on maternity leave, how many weeks they go on maternity leave, how long it can last and how it is paid.

*- The amount of payments is relevant for August 2018

Although pregnancy is not a disease, but a joyful event, but when the expectant mother works, she must still carefully monitor her health and remember that the interests of the child are above all. This also takes into account the current legislation, which guarantees maternity leave to a pregnant woman. But how many weeks they go on maternity leave depends on the state of health and personal wishes.

Scheduled maternity leave

In fact, how much a woman will not work depends on herself. The minimum length of maternity leave is 140 calendar days. Some can take care of a child for a year and a half, or even three years, if it is not possible to send the baby to a kindergarten or hire a nanny.

These minimum 140 days are given by Russian legislation so that a woman can give birth normally and survive the postpartum period. If twins or even triplets are expected, then the period increases to 194 days. The specified duration of such leave is divided exactly into two: before and after childbirth (70 and 70 days, respectively). Therefore, you can accurately calculate how many weeks they go on maternity leave. As a rule, at 30 with a singleton pregnancy and at 28 if more than one child is expected.

Since maternity leave does not take into account previous holidays, some women choose to stop working earlier. The legislation allows you to go on a regular vacation, get the vacation pay due for it, and then immediately issue a maternity leave. The same can be done after childbirth. Thus, the period during which a woman can safely bear a child or sit with a baby longer is extended.

If there has already been a vacation this year, then the decree can be slightly extended by agreeing with the attending physician, and the woman will be able to go on maternity leave two weeks earlier.

Everyone, no matter how many weeks they go on maternity leave, should receive benefits. Even the unemployed, students, entrepreneurs. It's just that if you are not officially employed and do not draw up documents at the place of work, then the application and sick leave will need to be submitted to the Department of Labor and Social Protection of the Population.

How long can you sit with a child on maternity leave

If a woman prefers to sit with the child herself and not work, then she can apply and take leave to care for the baby. Its duration is from 1.5 to 3 years. Although in recent years, more and more often such a vacation is issued by fathers. There is nothing wrong with this, it only depends on who is more profitable to earn money.

And do not be afraid that the employer will refuse a long vacation or even dismiss the employee. After all, it is prohibited by law. At the same time, it doesn’t matter how many weeks they go on maternity leave, care leave does not depend on this.

Can I work on maternity leave?

On the one hand, a pregnant woman is likely to want to stop working as soon as possible, while receiving all the money due, on the other hand, the employer may be interested in keeping a skilled worker longer in the workforce.

If the pregnancy is easy and you have a desire to work longer, you need to remember that the terms of the decree cannot be postponed, and accruals are made only on actual vacation days. And if you issue it later than 30 weeks, then the missed days will simply “burn out”, they will not be paid extra, and the rest of the period will remain the same - will not increase.

You can, of course, try to agree with your superiors that you take maternity leave, but continue to work and receive a salary “in an envelope”, but in this case you are not protected by law and can only rely on the honesty of management.

Everyone has heard about the "maternity leave" given to a woman due to pregnancy and. However, this term is not entirely correct, but it is so firmly entrenched in everyday life that it is difficult to imagine another name for this vacation.

information Term "maternity leave" arose after a decree was issued in 1918, securing the right of a woman to parental leave. Now it should be called "maternity leave".

It should be emphasized that in general in the Russian Federation the Labor Code differs two types of holidays associated with the birth of children:

on pregnancy and childbirth;
caring for a child under 3 years of age.

Wherein decree most often the first of them is called.

Unlike sick leave for pregnancy and childbirth(BiR), the right to issue parental leave up to 3 years, not only the mother has, but also the father and other family members who, being employed, plan to take care of the baby. For example, a grandmother, grandfather or any other relative of the baby, as well as his guardian, can go on vacation.

For the entire period of absence from work, the mother of the baby retains her workplace and position. In addition, this period is counted not only in the work experience in the specialty, but also in the continuous work experience.

Registration procedure

Officially the decree is issued at the place of work, as well as annual paid leave. The relevant documents are provided to the personnel department by the mother after the issuance of her sick leave (usually on or later, with -), and by other family members after. Within 10 days, the management of the company must complete the calculation of all benefits to be assigned, and issue an order to grant leave.

important Making a decree for one child is accompanied, as a rule, by filing an application for receiving child benefits.

They can only be received by a relative of the child who goes on maternity leave. He also retains the right to work part-time or part-time at the place of his employment. In this case, the right to receive benefits is not lost.

Required documents

To apply for maternity leave, the employee must submit the following documents to the employer:

statement, which can be written in any form;
sick leave issued by a gynecologist, which indicates the gestational age, the features of the course of the birth and the expected date of birth (only for the mother);
copy of birth certificate baby or all children in case of multiple births;
certificate, confirming that the second parent did not go on maternity leave at the place of work and does not apply for the allowance assigned in connection with this (or the document that confirms the unemployment of one or both parents).

Decree terms

Maternity leave is normally 140 days(70 days before delivery and 70 after). If , then the second part of the vacation is 110 days instead of 70. If there were complicated births, then the second part will be 86 days instead of 70.

additionally Parental leave can last up to 3 years, but this period is not strictly established. You can go to work earlier - at any time convenient for parents.

If the mother wants to go to work earlier than expected, then she has every right to do so. She only needs to write an application for early exit addressed to the boss, indicating the date of the expected return. At the same time, she can start working on a part-time basis or a shortened working week.

To extend the holidays there are also a number of possibilities. In particular, you can:

take unused annual paid leave before childbirth;
go on unpaid leave without pay.

Benefits Paid

As already noted, for the entire period of the decree, child benefits are paid in the form compulsory social insurance(for employees) or state social security(for unemployed). In particular, the following types of maternity payments are paid from the federal budget in 2015:

a one-time allowance when registering with a antenatal clinic in the early stages of pregnancy (up to) - 543.67 rubles;
lump-sum payment at the birth of a child - 14497.80 rubles;
(only for employees) - in the amount 100% average earnings for each day of the period of disability on sick leave.

important Keep in mind that social security benefits are paid at the place of work or directly in the territorial body of the FSS. Those who are not subject to compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and in connection with motherhood (including those who are not working) receive child benefits in the social security authorities.

In addition, the parents of the baby, regardless of their social status, are assigned allowance for child care up to 1.5 years, which can be issued not only to the mother, but also to another family member. This allowance for employees is calculated on the basis of 40% of average monthly earnings for the previous two years. Non-working citizens benefit is paid in the minimum amount - 2718.35 rubles for the first child and 5436.67 rubles- on the second and subsequent.

The law establishes both minimum and maximum amounts, which the family can count on at the birth of an heir:

maternity allowance in 2015 140 days cannot be 228 602,74 rubles.
the maximum amount of monthly payments for the care of a child up to 1.5 years old is set at 19855.78 rubles.

Lump sum payments upon registration with a gynecologist in the early stages and at the birth of a child, as a rule, are issued and received at the same time as the care allowance up to 1.5 years.

Read more about payments to families with children in Russia on the pages of the site "Expert Manual", as well as in the thematic group

The labor legislation of the Russian Federation provides a woman with the right to be on maternity leave. A decree is a period of time during which a pregnant woman prepares for the birth of a child, restores health after childbirth and brings up a baby for three years after birth. At the same time, a workplace remains for the mother on the decree, and the decree itself is included in the length of service. Let's look at the most pressing issues regarding the maternity decree.

Russia is one of the few countries that provides new mothers with a fairly long time to rest before and after the birth of a child, so the topic of maternity leave has many important nuances and never loses its relevance. The employed part of women, shortly before the onset of the decree, is faced with questions of the most diverse plan: when do they go on maternity leave, what is the procedure for processing documents, what payments are made during this period, and what are the obligations of the two sides of the labor relationship to each other? We will try to answer all pressing questions in order.

Legislation on maternity leave

The term "maternity leave" means two time periods - maternity leave and maternity leave. All issues regarding the decree are currently regulated by the following legal norms:

chapter 41 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation;
article 10 of the law of the Russian Federation No. 225-FZ;
order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia No. 1012n dated December 23, 2009

Maternity leave should be taken as sick leave, and it is documented on a regular sick leave. Exemption from work duties for this period for the expectant mother is very useful: the last weeks before childbirth are especially difficult in terms of well-being, and even after the birth of a baby, a woman needs some time to get stronger and return to her previous rhythm of life.

During parental leave, the woman belongs entirely to the baby - until the age of three, the little man still cannot show sufficient independence for his mother to leave him and go to work. After three years, the psychological dependence on the mother weakens, and from that time the child acquires the status of a preschooler.

Employed ladies, including those who are in military service, are entitled to maternity leave. Students and the unemployed also belong to this category of pregnant women, but only on condition that they are registered with the labor exchange.

What week of pregnancy go on maternity leave

At the first visit of a pregnant woman to a antenatal clinic for registration, an obstetrician-gynecologist will inform her of the expected date of birth, which will be calculated on the basis of the obstetric period. For a period of about 30 weeks, the PDR can be clarified based on the results of examinations and ultrasound.

PDR - the fundamental date when applying for maternity leave:

if the pregnancy proceeds normally, the woman goes on maternity leave after the 30th week of gestation;
with multiple pregnancies, rest for the expectant mother begins a little earlier - at the end of the 28th week of gestation.

Only a woman can decide at what stage of pregnancy to go on maternity leave, since this is her right, but not a duty. In other words, the expectant mother can take sick leave and not leave her workplace until the very birth, but at the same time, the end date of the decree cannot be postponed, it strictly corresponds to the disability sheet.

In most cases, there is no break between sick leave due to pregnancy and childbirth and parental leave, smoothly moving from one to the other. However, there are options here as well. So, you can not go on parental leave at all or arrange it a little later.

How to calculate maternity leave yourself

A pregnant woman herself can determine when she can go on a well-deserved rest and give herself up to the pleasant chores of arranging a family nest for the comfort of a newborn. It has already been said above that the optimal time to start a decree is 210 days or 30 weeks of pregnancy. So it will not be difficult to calculate the date of maternity leave, provided that the gestational age is determined accurately: for this, 210 days must be added to the date of the first day of the last menstruation. Please note that the calculations will only be correct if the woman's menstrual cycle is regular.

Length of maternity leave

Terms of maternity leave:

normal pregnancy and safe delivery without complications - 140 days (70 days before and after the birth of the child);
difficult labor - 156 days (70 days before delivery and 86 days after delivery);
the birth of twins, triplets - 194 days (84 days before birth and 110 days after).

The duration of parental leave does not change - the mother takes care of the baby until he reaches the age of three.

What documents are needed for a maternity leave

To go on maternity leave, the expectant mother must provide medical certificates from the LCD at the place of work to determine benefits, and also write a corresponding application.

What points should be considered by a pregnant woman when going on maternity leave:

The expectant mother receives a disability certificate exactly 70 or 84 days before the due date, regardless of whether this is included in the plans of her employer or not. If a woman combines two jobs, the necessary documents are drawn up for each enterprise.
When registering with the LCD before 12 weeks of pregnancy, along with a certificate of incapacity for work, a woman is issued a certificate for provision at the place of work and assignment of payments in the decree.
The personnel department or the accounting department may ask the pregnant woman for identification documents, a 2-NDFL certificate from her previous job, and details of the organization where the benefits will be transferred.
Next, the pregnant woman writes with her own hand an application for maternity leave, which indicates the timing and need for payment of benefits. In most cases, money is transferred to a plastic salary card, but other details can be left in the application.
The personnel department draws up an order for the employee to go on maternity leave, supported by the relevant documents.
To apply for parental leave, you need to write an application, provide a passport, as well as the original and a copy of the child's birth certificate.

When maternity leave during pregnancy can take place earlier

You can deviate from the standard terms of the decree 70 or 84 days before the expected birth and go on vacation earlier if you combine this sick leave with another sick leave or vacation:

If there is a high risk of spontaneous abortion or a serious illness, the expectant mother should consult a doctor (district therapist, gynecologist, “narrow” specialist) in order to receive a certificate of incapacity for work or a referral for preservation in a hospital.
Before the start of maternity leave, a pregnant woman may be granted annual leave, while the duration of work at the enterprise is not taken into account - this is reflected in the legislation. He is paid the same as anyone else.
Women who already have two or more children under 14, single mothers, mothers of children with disabilities under 18 can count on additional unpaid leave.
If the family has children under the age of 14, one of the parents may be issued sick leave when they are sick.

Paid maternity leave during pregnancy

On the Internet, it is easy to find an online maternity leave calculator during pregnancy. The program calculates the time when the expectant mother is entitled to maternity leave, as well as the amounts that she will receive.

The online calculator, when calculating pregnancy, maternity leave and the amount of benefits, invariably operates with the same indicators:

term - 150, 153 or 194 days;
work experience - if a woman has been working at the enterprise for less than 6 months, the calculations are made taking into account the minimum monthly wage (SMIC); if more, then 2 years are taken into account before the year of going on maternity leave;
billing period: labor legislation establishes a calculation for two years that precede the maternity one. If at that time a woman was on a different decree, she can choose any 2 years from her seniority by filling out the necessary application;
average daily earnings: the total salary or minimum wage calculated over 2 years is divided by 730.

In 2018, during pregnancy, the decree provides for 5 types of payments:

maternity benefit - its size is determined based on the number of days of absence from the workplace, which are indicated in the issued sick leave. The amount of payments is calculated according to the average daily earnings and the number of days in which a woman is released from work. The minimum monthly allowance cannot be less than the minimum wage (from 01.01. 2018 it is 9489 rubles);
the right to an additional allowance for payments under the decree to a woman is given by early registration with the LCD (before the 12th week of pregnancy). This amount has a fixed amount and in the current 2018 is 613.14 rubles;
a one-time allowance at the birth of a child - from 01.02.2017 it is 16,350.33 rubles;
monthly allowance for child care until the baby reaches the age of 1.5 years. The amount of this payment is 40% of the mother's average salary for 2 years before going on maternity leave. Its minimum amount is 3065.69 for the first child and 6131.37 for the second and subsequent babies, the maximum allowance is 23120.66 rubles. per month;
monthly allowance for the care of a child up to the age of three - its amount is 50 rubles. per month. For families with twins and triplets, the amount of payments remains the same as the allowance up to 1.5 years.

What you need to know about the second pregnancy on maternity leave

We found out what documents to issue to a pregnant woman in order to go on maternity leave. Now consider another situation that young families often face - what if the news of the second pregnancy caught the mother when she had not yet had time to get out of the first decree?

In this case, you can move from one decree to another, while taking into account some of the nuances:

Write an application to the enterprise in which it is necessary to notify the employer of the need to provide you with a new maternity leave. Therefore, parental leave will be terminated.
Labor legislation provides that a woman can count on only one allowance to choose from.
When moving from one decree to another, be prepared for the fact that the amount of payments will be different. This is due to a change in the billing period, on the basis of which the amount of maternity is calculated.
If you want to take other years as the basis for the billing period, write a statement to the employer about this.
So that you do not have to choose only one of the two benefits, you can arrange a second parental leave for your relative. To do this, take a certificate from your place of work stating that you are not on maternity leave and do not receive this benefit. Then the amount of the benefit will be calculated from the income of the person who will take responsibility for “being on maternity leave” instead of you.

Who Cannot Receive Maternity Allowance

unemployed women who are not in the labor exchange;
women who have issued IP;
part-time students.

Every woman can refuse the right to go on maternity leave, but doctors are categorically against such an arrogant and thoughtless act. The last weeks before giving birth are a great opportunity to calm down, relax and tune in to the fact that very soon life will change dramatically.