''Delicate'' problem. Hemorrhoids in pregnant women. Hemorrhoids during pregnancy - modern methods of treatment How and how to treat hemorrhoids in the later stages

Hemorrhoids are quite an unpleasant disease, and according to statistics, up to 80% of the inhabitants of large cities suffer from it, and most of them are in the female population. Hemorrhoids during pregnancy are diagnosed in 33% of women in the first trimester, in 35% of cases the disease is diagnosed in the second trimester, in women in late pregnancy in 42%, and after childbirth, hemorrhoids are found in 41% of puerperas.

Definition and classification

External and internal hemorrhoids Hemorrhoids is a disease in which there is an expansion of the venous plexuses localized in the rectum, blood stagnates in them, which leads to the expansion of blood vessels and the appearance of their tortuosity, resulting in the formation of hemorrhoids (bumps). Translated from Latin, the name of the disease means bleeding. The incidence of hemorrhoids during pregnancy is directly proportional to the number of births. If in nulliparous women it develops only in 20% of cases, then 50% fall on the share of women giving birth for the second, third, etc. times.

Also, hemorrhoids can be external, when the nodes are localized in the lower part of the anus, and internal - "bumps" are located in the upper third of the rectal ampulla. There is also a combined form of pathology.

The course of the disease can be acute and chronic, although they are stages in the development of the same pathological process.

Causes

The main reason for the development of hemorrhoids during pregnancy is the flow of blood to the uterus and its growth, due to which it compresses the walls of the rectum, which, in turn, leads to blood stasis, its thickening and the formation of clots, and then hemorrhoidal "bumps". Also, an important role is played by hormonal changes that occur during gestation. Elevated levels of progesterone relax the smooth muscles of the intestine, reduce vascular tone, and contribute to less frequent bowel movements and constipation. The increase in blood volume during pregnancy also leads to excessive expansion of blood vessels, including those in the rectum. A sedentary lifestyle, especially in the last trimester, has a noticeable effect on the development of hemorrhoids during pregnancy. But, fortunately, not all expectant mothers have this pathology. A number of factors predispose to the development of hemorrhoids during pregnancy:

congenital or acquired insufficiency of connective tissue;
chronic diseases of the digestive tract;
diseases of the urinary system;
malnutrition (eating spicy, pickled and fatty foods);
violation of the stool and constipation (due to the pressure of the uterus on the intestines, which violates its innervation);
overweight;
tumor-like formations in the small pelvis;
decreased physical activity, which leads to venous congestion in the lower extremities and pelvis);
taking oral contraceptives before pregnancy;
abuse of laxatives;
heavy physical labor and heavy lifting.

Clinical picture

Symptoms of the disease are very diverse and depend on the form and stage of the process. Pathognomic signs of hemorrhoids are:

pain during bowel movements;
itching and burning, a feeling of heaviness or a foreign body in the rectal area;
seals around the anus, which a pregnant woman can feel on her own; seals are felt like warty growths, dense and do not disappear when pressed;
discomfort in a sitting position;
bleeding in the form of streaks of blood or drops, or bloody spots on toilet paper, a trickle of blood may appear after a bowel movement;
prolapse of nodes, indicating the progression of the disease.

chronic hemorrhoids

The disease begins gradually, when the progression of the process, characterized by an increase in internal hemorrhoids, reaches a peak, they begin to fall out of the anus. In such a situation, the woman feels the fullness of the rectum and the feeling of immediately emptying the intestines. Accompanying itching leads to scratching and bleeding. The skin of the anus is irritated by constant watery and mucous secretions.

Chronic hemorrhoids develop in 4 stages:

First
At this stage, the patient is disturbed by discomfort in the anus. Defecation is accompanied by pain, often there is slight or moderate bleeding. During the examination, hemorrhoids are found, which have not yet fallen out. The rectal mucosa is hyperemic and inflamed (edematous), dilated capillaries are noticeable.
Second
The stage is accompanied by prolapse of nodes during bowel movements, but they are prone to spontaneous return to the rectum. The pregnant woman feels the knots as a foreign body in the anus, itching, copious discharge, pulling pains in the rectal area join. Pain can radiate to the lumbar and sacral region.
Third
At this stage, there are all signs of hemorrhoids, which are significantly pronounced. The dropped nodes are set only manually, and soreness accompanies not only the process of defecation, but also for some time after it.
Fourth
At the last stage (the most dangerous), the “bumps” that have fallen out can no longer be manually corrected, fecal and gas incontinence joins, abundant mucus and blood discharge from the rectum appears. The fourth stage is dangerous by the infringement of the nodes and their thrombosis (acute hemorrhoids).

Acute hemorrhoids

Acute hemorrhoids, in fact, is a thrombosis of hemorrhoids, which is a complication of long-term chronic hemorrhoids. Depending on the intensity of the pain syndrome, 3 degrees of severity of the acute course of the disease are distinguished:

First
During palpation, small and painful nodes are determined. The woman feels itching and burning in the anus, discharge appears, but without pus. The symptoms are aggravated after a bowel movement, but then gradually subside.
Second
Thrombosed nodes become of considerable size due to inflammation and edema. Puffiness extends to the anorectal region. There is redness, both nodes and the area around the anus. The sphincters of the anus are compressed reflexively, which makes the digital examination of the anus painful. In the second stage of thrombosis, pain is almost constant and does not disappear, and their intensity is significant. The pains are aggravated while walking or sitting, and, of course, when trying to defecate.
Third
Swelling and redness cover a significant area of the anus. Large internal nodes protrude from the anus, having a bluish-purple color. Intense spasm of the anal sphincter can provoke a reflex spasm of the ureteral sphincter, which leads to urinary retention. At this stage, necrosis (necrosis) of the nodes is possible, which is accompanied by the appearance of black areas on them.

Treatment of hemorrhoids during pregnancy To determine the tactics of treatment, all pregnant women with hemorrhoids are divided into 3 groups:

the disease proceeds without symptoms - in this case, diet and hygiene, exercise therapy and walks, laxatives, including medicinal herbs, are shown;
this group includes expectant mothers with severe symptoms of the disease (constipation and bleeding, itching and burning, which corresponds to stage 1 or 2 hemorrhoids) - anesthetic suppositories, baths with antiseptics or decoctions of medicinal herbs, lotions and dressings with ointments, oral medication are prescribed strengthening the vascular wall;
the third group includes pregnant women with frequent exacerbations of hemorrhoids and prolapse of nodes - such patients are hospitalized and surgical treatment is prescribed.

Diet

The basis of the treatment of hemorrhoids during pregnancy is diet. Therapeutic nutrition is aimed at the regulation of stool (at the same time) and the prevention of constipation. Spicy, smoked, spicy, salty and pickled foods irritate the intestinal mucosa, including the rectum, so they should be excluded from the diet. It is also not recommended to take fatty foods, confectionery and muffins, as it lingers in the intestines for a long time, thereby inhibiting its peristalsis, and provokes constipation. Avoid strong tea, chocolate and coffee, as they have a fixing effect. It is necessary to expand the diet with fresh vegetables and fruits, cereals (barley, rice, oatmeal and buckwheat), sour-milk products and dried fruits (prunes, dried apricots). The amount of fluid you drink should be at least 1.5 liters per day.

Physical exercise

An important role in the treatment of hemorrhoids during pregnancy is played by physical activity, it is especially important in the later stages of pregnancy, when a woman rests more than moves. "Disperse the blood" in the pelvis and lower extremities, strengthen the vascular wall and increase muscle tone will help daily walking and special physical exercises for pregnant womenstrengthening the gluteal muscles and muscles of the pelvic floor and abdominals. It is also recommended to take a horizontal position with a raised pelvic end twice a day for 15 minutes (improves venous outflow).

Hygiene

Do not forget about the hygiene of the perianal area. After each act of defecation, it is necessary to wash with cold water, do not wipe the perianal area, but blot it with a soft towel or soft and damp toilet paper (available in pharmacies). A cold shower increases the tone of blood vessels and normalizes the outflow of blood from hemorrhoidal "bumps", which helps to reduce them. With external hemorrhoids, sitz baths with antiseptics (furacillin, potassium permanganate) or decoctions of medicinal herbs (chamomile and calendula, St. John's wort and clover flowers) are prescribed.

Ointments and suppositories for hemorrhoids during pregnancy

Gels and ointments for hemorrhoids With external hemorrhoids, wipes soaked in special ointments or creams are applied to the inflamed anal area. The effect of such ointments for hemorrhoids is to relieve swelling and inflammation, normalize the tone of the veins and strengthen their walls, thin the blood and prevent thrombosis. Recommended:

heparin ointment;
troxevasin ointment, gel;
hepatothrombin G (use in the first trimester is contraindicated, use with caution in the second and third trimester);
reparil - gel (contraindicated in the first trimester);
procto-glivenol (contraindicated in the first trimester);
levomekol and posterizan (appointed for anal fissures as wound healing agents);
venitan;
misvengal and others.

neo-anuzole (astringent, antipruritic and disinfectant effects);
hepatrombin G (contraindicated in the first trimester);
candles with diphenhydramine, novocaine, lidocaine and anestezin (anuzol), which relieve spasm of the anal sphincter and anesthetize the rectal area;
sea buckthorn suppositories, relief, natalsid - a wound healing effect, as well as a hemostatic and anti-inflammatory effect.

Oral preparations

Tablets and capsules for hemorrhoids In addition to local therapy for hemorrhoids during pregnancy, oral medications are prescribed:

detralex, venarus (tablets) - increases the tone of the veins and strengthens the walls of blood vessels, reduces venous congestion and extensibility of the veins (The drug is not recommended for lactating women);
aescin (tablets) - has anti-edematous and anti-inflammatory effects, reduces vascular permeability, strengthens their walls. The use of aescin is possible in the second and third trimester;
doxium (capsules) - normalizes microcirculation, reduces the increased permeability of blood vessels and strengthens their walls, prevents thrombosis and thins the blood. Contraindicated in the first trimester of pregnancy;
ginkor-forte (use in the second and third trimester is possible);
venoruton (capsules, tablets) and troxevasin capsules. The use of the drug Venoruton is possible in the second and third trimesters.

Folk methods

Alternative methods are used along with the general treatment of hemorrhoids during pregnancy (non-drug and medicinal):

taking an infusion of lungwort officinalis;
infusion of a mixture of hay leaves, yarrow herb, buckthorn bark and coriander grains - taken orally;
a mixture of oak bark, chamomile flowers and flaxseed is used to make an infusion and ingestion;
infusion of St. John's wort, cudweed, field harrow, buckthorn bark, horsetail and plantain for oral administration;
candles cut from raw potatoes and lubricated with sea buckthorn or castor oil for insertion into the rectum (anti-inflammatory and anti-edematous effect, strengthening blood vessels);
grated potatoes (treatment of external hemorrhoids) - apply a napkin with potatoes to the anus;
beetroot and rowan juice - laxative effect.

Surgery

Pregnant women who have frequent exacerbations of the disease, and there are unreduced nodes, are shown surgical treatment of hemorrhoids. In case of loss of catch and the impossibility of returning them to the rectum, minimally invasive operations are performed:

sclerosis of nodes - sclerosing drugs (alcohol) are introduced;
ligation - the nodes are pinched by the latex ring, which leads to their necrosis and rejection;
laser coagulation;
cryotherapy;
infrared photocoagulation.

The operation is preferably carried out in the early stages of pregnancy or after childbirth.

In the event of emergency indications (massive hemorrhoidal bleeding or infringement and necrosis of prolapsed hemorrhoids), hemorrhoidectomy is performed (the nodes are excised), regardless of the gestational age.

Haemorrhoids - a disease associated with the expansion, increase in size, changes in the anatomy and dysfunction of the hemorrhoidal vessels.

Hemorrhoidal vessels are located in the anal canal and perianal region. Normally, each person has hemorrhoids, but they are very small and invisible.

Hemorrhoidal vessels begin to change pathologically for certain reasons.

Main:

Little physical activity.
Prolonged sitting or standing.
Excessive tension in constipation (causes of constipation, lack of fluid and fiber in the diet, alcohol abuse).

The reasons for the manifestation of hemorrhoids during pregnancy are an increase in intra-abdominal pressure and hormonal factors.

The main symptoms: bleeding, prolapse of internal nodes, pain, induration and discomfort in the anus, itching, discharge from the anus.

There are 4 stages of chronic hemorrhoids

Discomfort and bleeding during defecation is episodic, no prolapse of nodes.
Symptoms are the same as in stage 1, but periodic prolapse of nodes appears. In this case, the nodes are reduced on their own, mucous secretions, weeping, itching appear.
The symptoms are the same as in stage 2, but the dropped nodes do not reset on their own - manual reduction is required.
Increased bleeding, pain, occasionally - insufficiency of the anal sphincter, severe weeping and itching, constant prolapse of nodes, reduction of nodes is impossible.

As a rule, an increase in hemorrhoids is a rather long process. Sometimes it takes 5-10 years, or even more, for hemorrhoids to reach stage 3 or 4. In a special group include hemorrhoids in pregnant women.

Most often, hemorrhoids occur in the second half of pregnancy among full health, and in women initially suffering from hemorrhoids, the symptoms noticeably worsen. The causes of the manifestation of hemorrhoids during pregnancy are increased intra-abdominal pressure and hormonal factors.

According to statistics, during pregnancy, hemorrhoids worsen in almost half of women suffering from this disease. The reason is that with the growth of the fetus, the uterus increases, there is compression of the maternal organs and tissues located in this area, mainly the venous plexuses and iliac veins, most maximally when the baby's head passes through the small pelvis during childbirth.

The venous outflow from the legs and hemorrhoidal plexuses is disturbed, blood stasis in the veins of the small pelvis increases. Hemorrhoids swell, become denser.

During the birth itself, the nodes come out of the anal canal, acquire a red or cyanotic color. In the postpartum period, intra-abdominal pressure decreases, pressure on the venous plexus also decreases, the amount of blood inside the hemorrhoids decreases sharply.

With rapid childbirth or excessive attempts, there is a rupture of hemorrhoids with significant bleeding or multiple thromboses, often turning into necrosis.

Acute hemorrhoids in pregnant women

If the stool is disturbed (usually constipation), weight lifting or prolonged sitting, an exacerbation may occur, which is understood as a rupture of small hemorrhoidal vessels inside the node, followed by the formation of a blood clot. Depending on the caliber of the vessel and the associated inflammation, 3 degrees are distinguished:

I degree. The appearance of a limited isolated node, small up to 1.5 cm in diameter, little or no pain, sometimes accompanied by itching and burning in the anus, feeling of a foreign body.

II degree. Hemorrhoids are larger, hyperemic, compacted, edematous, significantly painful to the touch. Often, swelling extends to areas around the anus. Sitting and defecation painful.

III degree. Swelling and redness are pronounced and spread to the entire region of the anus, from which large cyanotic internal hemorrhoids protrude. Spasm of the anal sphincter is often present. Because of the pain syndrome, there are difficulties in urination. Inflammation can turn into necrosis, blackening of the hemorrhoidal tissue, followed by rejection and bleeding, during this period an infection can join with the formation of paraproctitis - inflammation of the perirectal subcutaneous fat.

Simple rules to relieve the symptoms of hemorrhoids

Drink more water, at least 1.5-2 liters per day.
Follow a diet, avoid foods that can cause local irritation (spicy foods, alcohol, coffee), eat less starchy foods. Vegetables and fruits should be in the diet daily.
Go to the toilet at the same time, for example, in the morning after waking up after drinking a large glass of water.
Achieve regular soft stools, avoid prolonged excessive straining during bowel movements.
Beware of prolonged overheating (in the sun, in a bath, sauna).
Rinse with cool water, avoiding products that can cause irritation.
Avoid prolonged sitting in a sitting position, move regularly, do gymnastics, walking, swimming. Try not to lift weights.

Preparations for hemorrhoids during pregnancy

There are a lot of drugs for the prevention and treatment of hemorrhoids, I cite those that have proven their effectiveness in practice, no side effects have ever been observed.

DETRALEX- has venotonic and angioprotective properties. The drug reduces vein extensibility and venous congestion, reduces capillary permeability and increases their resistance. Prophylactic dose 1, but better if 2 tablets per day. With acute hemorrhoids up to 6 tablets per day (according to the scheme). The only drawback is that the drug is not cheap.

PROCTOGLYVENOL- a combined preparation produced in the form of ointment bases and rectal suppositories. It reduces capillary permeability, improves microcirculation, increases vein tone, has anti-inflammatory activity, and has a pronounced analgesic effect.

GEPATHROMBIN-G available in the form of ointments, gel and suppositories. It has a pronounced analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect. Effectively participates in the lysis of blood clots in hemorrhoids in an acute process.

When any qualitative changes in the state of health appear for the first time, whether it is the discharge of blood or mucus from the anus, pain in defecation, the presence of incomprehensible formations, a feeling of incomplete emptying, and the like, it is necessary to see a specialist. Because with similar symptoms of hemorrhoids, there can be more formidable diseases, up to rectal cancer.

In pregnant women, hemorrhoids and its symptoms are very often transient due to changes in anatomy and physiology, that is, after childbirth, after some time, which is required to restore the mother's body, all symptoms disappear. Therefore, do not worry too much, enjoy motherhood. Any reliable conclusions and diagnosis will become competent when at least 6 months, or even a year after childbirth has passed.

Surgical treatment for pregnant or lactating women is carried out in exceptional cases, only with a threat to life or serious complications.

Thrombosis of hemorrhoids of the 3rd degree is a contraindication for natural delivery.

Hemorrhoids are a delicate problem that you do not want to talk about out loud! Therefore, you endure in the hope of a miraculous recovery, anonymously browse all kinds of forums and read articles about miracle drugs that will overcome this ailment. In the meantime, you are far from alone, and this illness is not something shameful. According to statistics, about 80% of the adult population of megacities suffer from hemorrhoids. Our way of life is sometimes very expensive for us. It is we who provoke our body with our “sedentary work”, irregular and unhealthy diet, uncontrolled medication, alcohol abuse, etc. Heredity also plays a significant role. Unfortunately, pregnancy and childbirth also significantly increase our chances of getting this disease.

However, everything is not so hopeless, because for a long time in the fight against hemorrhoids, medicine has accumulated a significant arsenal of drugs for its treatment.

What is hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids are a disease that occurs as a result of overflow of blood in the venous plexuses (cavernous bodies) located in the anus. Such dilated, altered veins are called hemorrhoids.

Depending on the causes of occurrence, proctologists distinguish between primary and secondary hemorrhoids. Primary hemorrhoids occur due to improper lifestyle and heredity, as well as pregnancy and childbirth.

Pregnant women often become victims of this unpleasant disease in the second half of pregnancy and this is due to the pressure exerted by the enlarged uterus on the hemorrhoidal venous plexus. The appearance of hemorrhoids in the postpartum period is explained by strong attempts and pressure of the fetal head on the vessels during childbirth.

Secondary hemorrhoids can be the result of cirrhosis of the liver, some severe cardiovascular diseases, various tumor processes that disrupt blood flow in the veins of the small pelvis.

Signs of hemorrhoids during pregnancy

As a rule, hemorrhoids develop gradually. Doctors distinguish several stages of this disease. The first stage is characterized by:

manifestation of discomfort in the anus;
pain during bowel movements;
minor bleeding;
during the examination, hemorrhoids are visible, the rectal mucosa is inflamed.

In the second stage, the following symptoms are added to the above symptoms:

discharge;
drawing pains in the anal region (may radiate to the lower part and sacrum);
prolapse of hemorrhoids.

In the third stage, all the painful sensations that accompanied the first and second are intensified, and the prolapse of hemorrhoids requires manual reduction.

The fourth stage is the most dangerous and can cause complications in the form of thrombosis, severe pain in the anus and massive bleeding.

In order to prevent the development of the disease, a pregnant woman needs to monitor her well-being and immediately consult a doctor at the first manifestations of discomfort.

How to treat hemorrhoids during pregnancy?

The treatment of hemorrhoids should be approached individually, since in many respects it will depend on the stage of the disease and on its manifestation. At the initial stage, when a woman may not even be aware of the development of hemorrhoids, you can get by with preventive methods: normalizing regular stools, correcting nutrition (aimed at improving intestinal motility), increasing physical activity (if you lead a predominantly sedentary lifestyle) . We must not forget about the hygiene of the anus: during pregnancy, this issue is of particular importance, including the prevention of inflammation in the veins of the anal area.

In general, the prevention of hemorrhoids should be dealt with by every pregnant woman, then, most likely, it will not come to treatment.

At the stage when a pregnant woman already feels obvious signs of hemorrhoids, it will not be possible to do without complex drug therapy. Treatment of hemorrhoids in pregnant women is carried out mainly locally, since it not only provides quick relief from the condition, but is also safe for the fetus. Combined ointments, creams, rectal suppositories are used, which act in several directions at once: they have analgesic, anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictive, laxative effects.

All drugs for the treatment of hemorrhoids during pregnancy should be selected and prescribed by a specialist. And even more so, one cannot do without medical assistance at a late stage of the disease, when manual reduction of prolapsed hemorrhoids is necessary, and then surgical treatment. However, the decision on the timing of the operation is determined individually, depending on the severity of the disease and possible complications. Today, doctors have the opportunity to perform the so-called small or bloodless operations:

sclerotherapy - the introduction into the node of special sclerosing, "blinding" the walls of the node of drugs;
ligation - the node is pinched with a special latex ring, which causes rejection, the death of the node after 7-10 days;
infrared photocoagulation and laser coagulation (exposure to a laser or high temperature on the base of the hemorrhoid at 3-5 points, which causes a burn that causes necrosis of the node with its subsequent falling off within 7-10 days).

If the woman's condition allows her to avoid surgery during pregnancy, the doctor may decide to postpone the operation to the postpartum period.

In general, the treatment of hemorrhoids is not limited to the period of pregnancy. If a problem has arisen, then during the bearing of a child, doctors will try to stop its development and relieve symptoms, and after childbirth, you will have to take care of your health closely and undergo complex treatment for hemorrhoids, as it should be. However, often its insignificant manifestations with the birth of a child disappear by themselves, as they appeared.

Folk remedies for hemorrhoids during pregnancy

Traditional medicine offers its own remedies for the treatment of hemorrhoids. There are recipes that, according to "practitioners", can be used during pregnancy. Many of them have been successfully tested by various women during the period of bearing a child, but still, the choice of a folk remedy for hemorrhoids during pregnancy should be taken seriously.

We bring to your attention some folk recipes for the treatment of hemorrhoids:

To be taken in:

Swallow the peeled garlic cloves (without being digested, they will come out of the anus and cauterize the sores).
Mix until a homogeneous mixture of 300 g of prunes, raisins and dried apricots chopped in a meat grinder, as well as 200 g of natural honey. Take 1 tablespoon before main meals.
Pour 2 tablespoons of viburnum berries with 250 ml of water, bring to a boil and boil for half an hour over low heat. Then add water to the original amount, bring to a boil and remove from the stove. Take 1 tablespoon before main meals.
Pour 250 ml of boiling water over 1 tablespoon of crushed stone fruit leaves, boil over low heat for 10 minutes and remove from the stove. After cooling, strain and take 1 tablespoon 4 times a day.
Freshly squeezed juice of rowan berries take 100 g 3 times a day with cold water. Can be sweetened if necessary.

Trays:

Make a strong decoction of onion skins and take sitz baths for 5-8 days.
You can also make baths from a decoction of chamomile or a solution of potassium permanganate.

Gadgets:

Pour 2 tablespoons of flax seeds with half a liter of boiling water and boil under the lid for 20 minutes. Let it brew for an hour, strain and apply cotton compresses soaked in the decoction to the anus.
Washed and dried aspen leaves apply to hemorrhoidal cones, leaving for 2 hours. If any discomfort occurs, immediately remove the compress and rinse the anus.
12 egg-sized potatoes, thoroughly washed and dried. Cover the chair with cellophane, put a mixture of one grated potato on it and, spreading your buttocks, sit in it so that the potato fits as close as possible to the sore spot. After 15 minutes, change the lotion to a fresh one. The entire session lasts for three hours. With advanced hemorrhoids, treatment can be repeated no earlier than a week later.
Moisten a piece of cotton wool with sea buckthorn oil and apply to the anus.

Candles:

Dip a swab in freshly squeezed celandine juice and insert it into the anus daily before bedtime: first for 30 minutes, then for 45, then leave for 1 hour.
Lubricate the washed and dried geranium leaf with vegetable oil, roll it up and insert it into the anus, leaving it overnight. Repeat the procedure for 7 days.
Make a "suppository" out of raw potatoes and insert it into the anus, after making an enema from water.

Once again, we focus your attention on the fact that pregnancy is not the time for experiments. Even alternative methods of treatment may not be safe, therefore, they must first be agreed with the doctor.

For example, viburnum during pregnancy causes uterine tone, and baths can cause infection in the vagina. Cauterization with garlic generally sounds scary. So it's better to hang out here.

Prevention of hemorrhoids during pregnancy

And yet, back to the main thing: you will not need any treatment if you do not allow yourself to develop hemorrhoids.

A very important point in the prevention and treatment of hemorrhoids is to get rid of constipation and normalize bowel function. This is facilitated by a diet that includes fruits and vegetables (broccoli, corn, carrots, ripe apples, beets, cauliflower, potatoes, raisins, prunes, dried apricots), honey and cereals (barley and oatmeal). Eliminate fatty meats, high-calorie dairy products, buns, alcoholic beverages, spicy, spicy, salty, marinated dishes from the diet.

Many diseases and pathologies lie in wait for expectant mothers during pregnancy. Some are easily cured, such as dental problems, swelling, and so on. Others, such as hemorrhoids, cause a lot of inconvenience, physical and psychological discomfort. Hemorrhoids in expectant mothers happen quite often (20% of patients under 30 years old, and 50% of 30 and older). Modern medicine allows you to treat the disease at different stages, select individual therapy, which takes into account both the duration of pregnancy and its features.

Causes of hemorrhoids during pregnancy

Unfortunately, there are many causes of the disease. In the early stages (1st trimester and the beginning of the 2nd), the risk of the disease increases due to the hormone progesterone. Its production is enhanced after conception and affects the structure and tone of muscle cells, contributing to their relaxation. In nature, this function of progesterone allows you to carry the fetus without the risk of unforeseen uterine contractions. But at the same time as the uterus, the smooth muscle walls of the intestines also relax, as a result of which the woman suffers from regular constipation.

Starting from the second trimester, the woman's mobility is limited (for medical reasons or for health reasons). Headaches, muscle weakness, increased swelling, dyspepsia and high blood pressure - all this forces expectant mothers to rest more often in a lying and sitting position. Lack of activity causes stagnation of blood in the vena cava and its branches in the pelvic area. The accumulation of blood leads to swelling of the natural vascular nodes that every person has.

In the 3rd trimester, an enlarged uterus compresses the inferior vein, preventing normal blood flow in the pelvis and rectum. At all stages of pregnancy, hemorrhoids may be favored by congenital pathology of the walls of blood vessels (in particular, the vena cava). Their natural weakness, combined with minimal mobility, increases the risk of illness by 2-3 times.

Symptoms of hemorrhoids in pregnant women

The development of symptoms begins from the second and third trimester. Blood often stagnates in the intestinal area, the hemorrhoids of the rectum begin to expand and fill with fluid. The longer the gestation period, the greater the vasodilatation. They also lose their tone, which is fraught with protrusion of the plexuses under the mucosa.

important The early stage of the disease is characterized by protrusion of nodes into the lumen of the rectum. At the same time, there is a burning sensation or itching around the anus, pain and discomfort during defecation, there is a sensation of a foreign object in the intestines. Often there are small bleeding after bowel movements, blood impurities in the stool. As a rule, the first stage is typical for the 1st and 2nd trimesters.

The features of the second stage are the prolapse of nodes from the anus, and their automatic reduction back into the intestine. This happens when the position of the body changes. The nodes are painful, inflamed, dark red. The patient experiences pain during bowel movements, normal activities, walking and resting.

The third stage is characterized by free sagging of the nodes without the possibility of reduction. If the choroid plexus is pinched, the woman feels acute spasms in the anus, fever and hyperthermia may appear.

information The second and third stages of the disease (external hemorrhoids) occur in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy, when smooth muscle cells wear out under the weight of the uterus with the fetus, as well as as a result of regular constipation and a recumbent lifestyle.

Diagnosis of hemorrhoids during pregnancy

The presence of the disease is evidenced by the primary symptoms: itching, discomfort and soreness during defecation, wet and bloody discharge from the anus, protruding vascular plexuses. As a rule, the disease occurs in women in the 3rd trimester, as well as after childbirth.

important The presence of sagging nodes allows you to accurately diagnose the disease and determine its stage. Additionally, the rectum is palpated through the anus. Thus, the doctor discovers the internal nodes, their structure, size, location and number.

An anal reflex test is also prescribed, which is carried out using a dashed stimulation of the perianal zone with a probe. For a detailed examination, an anoscopy procedure is prescribed, which allows you to view up to 12 cm of the anal canal.

Treatment of hemorrhoids during pregnancy

Treatment of the disease is carried out depending on the stage of hemorrhoids, its form and symptoms.

In the case of asymptomatic internal hemorrhoids, characteristic of the early stages, preventive measures are prescribed: a strict diet, frequent walks and active rest, baths for the anus after each bowel movement, taking herbs and laxatives to regulate the stool.

If acute symptoms occur in the first and second stages of the disease, treatment is prescribed with ointments (for example, heparin), and (proctoglivenol and others). Local treatment allows you to get rid of most of the symptoms: itching, burning, redness, inflammation, reduce pain, heal and regenerate tissues in the anus.

In the third stage of the disease, when the nodes fall out, urgent hospitalization is necessary, followed by surgical treatment. Excision of the nodes is prescribed for the 2nd and 3rd trimester, or, if possible, for the postpartum period. It is highly undesirable to carry out the operation, as it requires the use of anesthesia, and is accompanied by severe stress for the expectant mother.

Treatment of hemorrhoids in the early stages

In the early stages, the treatment of the expectant mother is carried out with the help of natural preparations (for example, homeopathic or herbal suppositories, ointments, creams, oils and baths). These funds also have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and healing properties, can reduce pain. Effective for the treatment of suppositories Natalsid and Relief, which eliminate bleeding and stop the inflammatory process. More information about the treatment of hemorrhoids with candles can be found in a separate detailed article.

Neo-anuzole is an astringent bactericidal drug, and Posterizan increases the protective properties of the microflora of the rectum, which allows you to stop inflammatory processes. All these methods are effective in case of internal hemorrhoids.

information Additionally, drug therapy is prescribed with the help of homeopathic preparations (Fleming's ointment), tablets (Detralex, etc.). They allow you to stop the acute symptoms of the disease.

Treatment of hemorrhoids during pregnancy: 2nd trimester

In the second and third trimester, drug treatment of the disease is acceptable with drugs that are safe for the fetus. Toxerutin strengthens the walls of capillaries, reduces blood stasis in the vessels, and stops inflammatory processes. Escin derivatives increase vascular tone, relieve swelling of the hemorrhoidal plexuses, reduce blood viscosity and prevent the formation of blood clots in the area.

How and how to treat hemorrhoids in the later stages

Treatment of hemorrhoids in the 3rd trimester should be as effective as possible, since the approaching birth will require certain efforts from the expectant mother. In the later stages, local treatment is used, drug therapy, traditional medicine can be prescribed.

If necessary, surgical intervention is prescribed (only in the 2nd trimester and in the 3rd with the permission of the doctor). The operation is indicated for regular bleeding, swelling and prolapse of nodes, the presence of cracks, fistulas and polyps in the rectum, severe pain and acute inflammation. A popular method of treatment is sclerotherapy (injections into the nodes).

Alternative methods of treating hemorrhoids during pregnancy

Hemorrhoids in expectant mothers are treated mainly with the help of medicinal herbs:

For ingestion, medicinal teas and decoctions are used. For example, we take a collection of lungwort officinalis (1 tablespoon) and pour 400 ml of boiling water. We insist the broth for 25-30 minutes, filter and take 1 tablespoon before meals.
Cold lotions will help to reduce the volume of nodes and eliminate pain. Apply cool compresses to the inflamed area for 2-3 minutes about 3 times a day.
For washing after emptying and before going to bed, herbal baths from calendula flowers, St. John's wort, clover, and viburnum are used.

It is also useful to take healing. For the preparation of herbal baths, nettle, chamomile and plantain are used. Also used is a collection of oak bark, horsetail and steelwort. The duration of the procedure is 10 minutes once a day. The course of treatment is up to 2 weeks. Sitz baths are contraindicated in uterine hypertonicity and pregnancy complications.

Complications of hemorrhoids in pregnant women

In the absence of timely treatment in expectant mothers, complications of hemorrhoids are possible.

important With constant bleeding of the nodes, the patient loses blood, anemia occurs. In turn, the lack of hemoglobin can lead to oxygen starvation of the child, which will affect its development and growth. Infection of the node can lead to purulent processes and blood poisoning (sepsis), which can cause fetal death. Possible thrombosis in the area of inflammation.

The choroid plexuses can become pinched and die, causing internal infection. The patient experiences unbearable pain and that can affect the development of the child and even provoke premature birth. One of the complications of the disease is paraproctitis. With advanced hemorrhoids, heavy bleeding can open.

Prevention of hemorrhoids during pregnancy

As a prophylaxis for washing, use a decoction of calendula, oak bark and chamomile.
Exclude from the menu spicy and spicy dishes, as well as fried, fatty, smoked, pickled and canned. Enter into the diet as much plant foods, dairy and sour-milk products as possible. Peristalsis and digestion are stimulated by cereals (buckwheat, oatmeal, etc.), whole grain bread.
Try to increase your physical activity. Do exercises every day, walk more often.
Fight constipation actively. To do this, add more dairy products to your diet. Drink 1 tablespoon in the morning on an empty stomach.

Preventive measures after childbirth

Prevention of hemorrhoids after childbirth should begin during pregnancy, especially in the last trimester. Prevent blood stasis in the pelvic area: exercise, attend aqua aerobics, change body position when resting. Also follow a diet high in fiber.

Try not to wear tight bandages, belts and trousers during this period, choose the right underwear (natural, covering the buttocks, loose). You can read more about the symptoms and treatment of the disease after childbirth in our article "".

If you nevertheless noted symptoms of the disease in yourself, immediately make an appointment with a proctologist. Do not self-medicate, and in no case do not start hemorrhoids, as the disease is difficult to treat, it takes a lot of time and effort.

In pregnant women, hemorrhoids often occur in late pregnancy. This is due to physiological reasons. The growing fetus puts pressure on the intestines, as a result of which the blood in the veins stagnates. A significant role is played by constipation, pestering women in the later stages. Many are afraid to treat hemorrhoids during pregnancy, believing that they can harm the baby. This is a misconception, it is quite possible to treat hemorrhoids and without harm to the child.

Symptoms of hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids have several stages. At first, it is asymptomatic, the woman does not even suspect about this disease. Only slight discomfort and a feeling of a foreign body in the rectum may disturb. In the future, as the pathological process develops, pain and burning sensation during defecation begins to be felt. In the second stage, nodes are formed. If they are deep in the rectum, then such hemorrhoids are called internal. With external hemorrhoids, the bumps are, as the name suggests, on the outside. The nodes often bleed, and the bleeding can be quite severe. It is still possible to correct the drop-down nodes at this stage. In the third stage, the bumps acquire a purple-cyanotic hue, the pain is very strong, especially with internal hemorrhoids. There may be profuse bleeding. It is no longer possible to correct drop-down nodes. The fourth stage of hemorrhoids is treated exclusively by surgery.

Complications of hemorrhoids

Many people think that hemorrhoids are unpleasant, but not dangerous. This is wrong. A neglected disease can cause such serious complications as paraproctitis, anal fissures, anemia, intestinal inflammation.

Causes of hemorrhoids

The main cause of hemorrhoids during pregnancy is chronic constipation. The expectant mother should strictly follow the daily bowel relief. This is especially true for those who have been nursing for the last weeks, because the grown fetus puts a lot of pressure on the intestines. Even if hemorrhoids bypass a woman during pregnancy, constipation will lead to bumps appearing after childbirth.

Risk factors other than constipation are also:

heredity;
frequent pregnancies and childbirth;
the age of the pregnant woman is over 35;
poor hygiene.

It's always easier to warn

Pregnant women develop hemorrhoids faster than others. Therefore, from the very beginning of pregnancy, you need to walk more, do not sit for a long time in one position, monitor nutrition. If constipation still occurs, and the diet does not help, then you need to contact your gynecologist. The doctor will advise laxative suppositories suitable for expectant mothers.

Nutrition for constipation and hemorrhoids

For constipation and hemorrhoids, the following foods should be excluded from the diet of a pregnant woman:

muffins and puff products, confectionery with cream;
smoked sausages and canned meat;
milk porridge and milk;
hard boiled eggs;
spicy vegetables such as horseradish, onion, radish, garlic, etc.;
mustard;
mushrooms;
chocolate, cocoa, strong tea;
blueberries;
legumes;
spices;
fresh cabbage.

The diet of a pregnant woman should include foods rich in fiber, dairy products, cereals on the water with the addition of dried fruits. Limit potato dishes and fresh black bread. Be sure to have fats in the diet, such as butter, unrefined vegetable oils, you can have a little lard. Boiled beets, prunes, tomatoes, watermelons, cucumbers, apples, marmalade and marshmallow have a very good laxative effect.

Sometimes constipation with hemorrhoids are psychological in nature. It is painful for a woman to go to the toilet, and she is horrified by the next “torture session”. As a result, the intestines spasm, and constipation only intensifies. The longer the constipation, the faster the hemorrhoids develop. There is a vicious circle. It can be torn apart only by competent treatment, otherwise it will come to surgery.

Drinking regime

Often the cause of constipation is a chronic lack of water, and therefore the expectant mother needs to drink more, and not juices, kvass or compote, but pure unboiled water or table mineral water. The daily norm of water is at least one and a half liters. Tea, juices, compotes and other liquids are not included in the daily water intake.

Hygiene of the expectant mother with hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids develop in a very specific place, which means that personal hygiene must be observed. It is better not to wait for the development of the disease and from the very beginning of pregnancy, follow simple rules for prevention. So, it is necessary:

after defecation, use wet toilet paper or wet wipes for intimate hygiene;
in the morning, in the evening, and also after a bowel movement, be sure to wash the anus with cold water. Make the pressure of the shower stronger, so that you get a kind of mini-massage of this delicate area. Cold water is the most effective remedy, in the initial stage, hemorrhoids can be cured by cold washing alone. As soon as discomfort begins to be felt in the rectum, you should immediately arrange a cold shower. The duration of irrigation is 1-2 minutes.

What not to do with hemorrhoids

Lift weights.
Push hard when defecation.
Overheat the lower body.
Take vasodilator medications.
Sitting for more than three hours without moving.

How to treat hemorrhoids

It is not easy to treat hemorrhoids in pregnant women, because many medicines and almost all herbs are forbidden to them. One rule to remember: Hemorrhoids need to be treated by a doctor. There is no need to make a diagnosis on your own, you can start the disease and harm the child's future. As for folk methods, they may not be useful either. Many drugs that have been successfully used in ordinary people can cause miscarriage in pregnant women.

In the early stages, hemorrhoids are treated with cold baths, ointments (external nodes) and suppositories. Candles and ointments have anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, analgesic and healing effects. In addition, suppositories soften the feces, preventing them from injuring the anus.

Not all candles sold in pharmacies are suitable for pregnant women. After all, the chemicals in them are absorbed through the intestines into the bloodstream and can affect the fetus. Therefore, only those candles and ointments that are made on a natural basis are suitable for pregnant women. For example, Natalsid candles have a good reputation. They are used 2 times a day after emptying the intestines and washing with cool water.

With external hemorrhoids, you can lubricate the bumps with heparin ointment. This drug is completely safe for the unborn child. The ointment eliminates pain, reduces inflammation and swelling. It can also be used during lactation.

Candles and Posterizan ointment are also very effective for internal and external hemorrhoids in pregnant women.

Pharmacies sell candles with sea buckthorn oil. This plant has no contraindications for pregnant women, so expectant mothers can safely use such candles for hemorrhoids.

Propolis is an excellent anti-inflammatory, analgesic, healing agent. Candles for hemorrhoids with propolis will help even with advanced cases. Propolis is not dangerous for a pregnant woman, but it would still be better if such candles are prescribed by the attending physician.

Folk remedies for hemorrhoids in pregnant women

There are many folk remedies against hemorrhoids, but few are suitable for pregnant women. Most plants increase the tone of the uterus which can cause miscarriage. For example, such strong antihemorrhoidal drugs as mountain ash and knotweed are unacceptable during pregnancy precisely for this reason.

Do not recommend gynecologists and sitz baths during pregnancy. They argue that pathogenic bacteria can get into the vagina. Therefore, from folk remedies for future mothers with hemorrhoids, only home-made candles and ointments remain.

Candles for hemorrhoids

potato candle

Potato suppositories help well at the onset of the disease. They can be inserted both at night and all day. Wash the potatoes thoroughly, peel and cut out the candle. Insert into the anus. After defecation, the candle should come out, and therefore, immediately after washing, a new one is inserted. If this remedy does not help, then you need to try something else.

honey candle

From the candied honey, make a candle and insert it into the right place. Honey is better to take buckwheat. To make the candle easier to form and insert, honey is placed in the freezer for a while. This remedy is quite effective, it copes well with pain and inflammation. It is better to use such candles before going to bed, by morning they will be safely absorbed. The drug is contraindicated for allergies.

garlic candle

Garlic has long been used for hemorrhoids. It heals cracks, kills bacteria, preventing the inflammatory process from spreading further. Garlic is absolutely safe during pregnancy. Garlic candles are made with butter. It is desirable to use them in the early stages of hemorrhoids, when there are no drop-down nodes.

For a candle, you will need a few peeled cloves of garlic and butter. Chop the garlic, mix with oil, make a candle and put it in the freezer for a while. As soon as it hardens to such an extent that it will be possible to insert it into the anus, immediately insert it as deep as possible. It is advisable to do this procedure before going to bed. For future use, candles do not need to be harvested, they quickly lose their properties.

Washing knots for hemorrhoids

beet juice

Grated raw beets will help relieve swelling from hemorrhoids. The root crop should be thoroughly washed, grated on a fine grater, squeezed out the juice. Moisten the cotton cloth with plenty of juice, put on the cones. Beets will relieve pain and swelling. This method must be combined with any candles.

Camomile tea

Brew a tablespoon of flowers in a thermos with a glass of boiling water, leave for an hour, cool. Wet a napkin with a cool infusion and apply to the cones. The same infusion can be washed after defecation. Instead of chamomile, you can use an infusion of wild strawberry leaves prepared in a similar way.

Decoction of oak bark

Oak bark has astringent, decongestant, analgesic, regenerating effect. The decoction helps stop bleeding. It is applied externally for hemorrhoids, since internal use leads to constipation. To prepare the drug, you need to pour 10 g with a glass of boiling water and keep in a water bath for 15 minutes. After 3 hours, insist, cool, apply for washing and lotions.

onion juice

Scroll the peeled onions in a meat grinder, squeeze out the juice. Mix half and half with water and apply to the bumps with external hemorrhoids. At the same time, several times a day, take a tablespoon of juice inside.

Folk remedies for constipation, suitable for pregnant women

1. Drink a glass of fresh (no more than 3 days) yogurt 3.2% before going to bed without bread, buns, gingerbread, etc. You need to drink slowly, in small sips, not in one gulp. Fresh yogurt has a strong laxative effect, and one that has been standing for more than three days, on the contrary, fixes. For medicinal purposes, use kefir, and not yogurt, fermented baked milk or any fermented milk drink. If a pregnant woman has a tendency to constipation, then you need to drink kefir every evening.

2. In the morning, dissolve a tablespoon of honey in a glass of lukewarm water. Drink on an empty stomach.

3. This remedy is prepared at night and drunk in the morning. Pour 100 g of prunes in a thermos with a glass of boiling water and insist all night. If there is no thermos, then the dishes should be wrapped with foil or film, and covered with something warm on top. Prunes are infused for 12 hours, no less. In the morning, half an hour before meals, drink the infusion and eat the berries. If the expectant mother does not want to eat one prunes, then you can cut it, mix it with nuts, honey, seeds, you get an excellent breakfast. With a tendency to constipation, prunes should be added to salads, compotes, cereals, meat dishes, in a word, wherever possible.

Any disease is easier to cure if caught at the very beginning. No need to succumb to false shame and be shy to see a doctor. Hemorrhoids are treated quite quickly at the initial stage, but the neglected disease causes real suffering. Don't expect hemorrhoids to go away on their own. Proper use of folk remedies and medical supervision will help the expectant mother to gain health.