Human nutrition after a stroke for a week. Achieve and maintain a normal weight. Most Healthy Products

Nutrition after a stroke is an integral part of treatment. What a person will eat in the first and subsequent days of illness depends not only

Speed, but also the very possibility of recovery.

Proper nutrition after a stroke should become a habit

What is the main goal of the diet after a stroke? This:

restoration of cerebral vessels;
improvement of blood supply to the brain;
improvement of blood properties;
lowering cholesterol levels;
normalization of digestion processes;
support for the excretory system.

This is ensured by compiling a menu from a specific set of products and maintaining a diet.

The main elements of the diet

A stroke diet must contain complete proteins. Especially important is the essential amino acid methionine, which is found in meat, chicken fillet, salmon, nuts and other products. It affects the composition of the blood, the state of the vessels of the brain, reducing the level of "bad" cholesterol.

When building a diet, sometimes they try to completely eliminate fatty foods containing cholesterol and vitamin D. However, this approach is inappropriate, since fat promotes the absorption of proteins and is an energy material for cells. If it is not enough, this will primarily affect the brain:

fragility of capillaries increases;
increases the permeability of the vascular wall;
the elasticity of the inner lining of the vessels decreases;
the process of tissue regeneration is disrupted;
absorption of vitamins A, E, D is impaired.

Bad fats contribute to the accumulation of bad cholesterol

But not all fats can be used when compiling a menu. Fatty acids such as palmitic, stearic, butyric and caproic acids combine with cholesterol to form compounds that are very poorly excreted from the body and contribute to hyperlipidemia. These same acids are antagonists of B vitamins.

Refractory animal fats, including butter, contribute to the increase in "harmful" blood lipoproteins. Therefore, it is better to remove them from the diet.

It is necessary to limit foods containing animal fat and saturated fatty acids, and fats that contain unsaturated fatty acids, on the contrary, include in the diet.

Carbohydrates in the diet should be represented by fruits and vegetables, cereals. Do not recommend flour products and baking, especially with strict bed rest, and especially obese people. It is important to ensure that the diet after a stroke contains a lot of fiber to improve bowel function.

Products must necessarily contain B vitamins, vitamin C, as well as macro- and microelements. Particularly important are: potassium, magnesium, copper, cobalt, manganese. Thus, nutrition in stroke should be complete and balanced.

Caloric content of food

A diet after a stroke, especially at home, should take into account not only the restoration of the nervous processes of the brain, but also prevent possible obesity (especially if a person does not get up). It is better to compose a menu in such a way that its calorie content corresponds to energy costs. On average, this is 1900-2200 kcal per day.

The ratio between the main nutrients (proteins, fats and carbohydrates) in a person's diet after a stroke should be approximately 1:0.5:4. In other words, for 100 g of protein, there should be 50 g of fat (mostly vegetable) and 400 g of carbohydrates. Now there are many online calorie calculators for foods and dishes that also show the nutrient content of food. Therefore, it is not difficult to calculate how much you can eat.

After a stroke, you need to reduce the calorie content of the entire diet and increase the proportion of plant foods

Drinking regime

It is better to reduce the volume of liquid to 1-1.5 liters per day. This applies to clean water. From drinks, preference is given to fruit compotes, jelly, fruit drinks, rosehip broth, weak tea. Drinks that lead to excitation of the nervous system are contraindicated: coffee, strong tea, alcohol.

Diet

How to eat with this disease? Eating after a stroke should be frequent, 5-6 times a day. This helps to better break down food, assimilate nutrients, and normalize the work of the digestive tract in patients. Portions at the same time should not be large, so as not to cause fermentation and stagnation, especially if a person is lying.

Fractional food example

Which products are not allowed and which are allowed?

Which foods are good for stroke patients and which are not? The table contains lists of foods that are allowed to be consumed during a stroke and those that cannot be eaten.

Can eat	Can't eat
cabbage; spinach; potato; carrot; turnip; greenery; cereals; seaweed; egg white; vegetable oil; lean meat; lean fish; milk; cottage cheese; sour cream; curdled milk; bran bread; fruits; dried apricots; prunes; rose hip; beet juice; carrot juice; vegetable, dairy, fruit, cereal soups.	animal fat; salt; strong tea; natural coffe; egg yolks; salo; butter; liver; brain; oily fish; fat meat; margarine; muffin; cream; creams; pickles; marinades; smoked products; strong meat and fish broths.

Cottage cheese with sour cream is a great breakfast option

Options for dishes that can be made at home from these products are presented in the table.

First breakfast	Rice porridge, buckwheat, oatmeal, semolina; cottage cheese with sour cream; fruits; weak tea or rosehip
Lunch	Protein omelet; vegetable salad with or without meat; cabbage and carrot salad, grated carrots; rosehip infusion
Dinner	Vegetable soup, beetroot, barley, milk; once a week - meat or fish broth; boiled fish or meat, mashed potatoes or carrots, buckwheat, cottage cheese, cottage cheese with milk; dried fruit compote, jelly; grated carrots, mashed carrots and / or dried apricots; rosehip decoction
afternoon tea	Carrot puree, dried apricots; apple; cottage cheese with sour cream or milk; compote, jelly from berries
Dinner	Boiled meat, meat pudding, meat cutlet; buckwheat porridge, stewed beets; cabbage salad with carrots; rose hip

As can be seen from the table, stroke nutrition involves a lot of fiber and carbohydrates and a very small amount of fat in the form of vegetable oil.

Sample menu for three days

Below are several options for a sample menu for three days with a stroke.

Vegetable stew with lean meat - a complete second course

Day 1.

All day	Bread with bran - 100 g
First breakfast	Semolina porridge, weak tea with milk
Lunch	Stewed herring with boiled potatoes, carrot salad, wild rose
Dinner	Fruit soup with apples and dried apricots, vegetable stew with lean meat, lemon jelly, jelly or berry compote
afternoon tea	Cottage cheese with sour cream or cottage cheese pudding, rosehip
Dinner	cabbage schnitzel
For the night	Prunes - 50 g

Prunes stimulate the digestive tract

Day 2

All day	Bread black or with bran 100 g
First breakfast	Buckwheat boiled in milk, weak tea or weak coffee with milk, wild rose
Lunch	Vegetable salad with meat, sour cream, rose hips
Dinner	Vegetarian borscht, beef stroganoff, mashed potatoes, berry jelly
afternoon tea	Fruit pudding, jelly or compote
Dinner	Carrot meatballs, rosehip
For the night	curdled milk

Curdled milk has a beneficial effect on the digestive system

Day 3

All day	Bread - 100 g
First breakfast	Oatmeal porridge (milk), rosehip or weak tea
Lunch	Cottage cheese pudding, rosehip
Dinner	Vegetarian cabbage soup, boiled fish with boiled potatoes, grated carrots, compote or jelly from apples and dried apricots
afternoon tea	fruit pudding
Dinner	Vegetable cabbage rolls, rose hips
For the night	Prunes

In order for the brain to recover faster, when compiling a diet in the very first days after a stroke, you must adhere to the following recommendations:

reduce calorie intake;
exclude fats of animal origin from the diet;
exclude fast carbohydrates from the diet (buns);

Bread flour products are solid calories, so you need to limit their use.

reduce the amount of animal protein;
increase the content of dietary fiber (fiber) in food;
increase the amount of products containing vitamins of group B, vitamins C, A, E;
reduce or eliminate the content of table salt;
increase the amount of foods rich in micro and macro elements in the diet;
eat food 5-6 times a day;
reduce portion size
exclude alcohol.

If you follow these rules, you can significantly speed up the healing process.

Unhealthy food is detrimental to human health. Fatty food is harmful to the vascular system. So, during its reception, the process of formation of atherosclerotic plaques is accelerated, narrowing, and after a while, blocking blood vessels. This leads to . When the lumen of the blood flow is blocked, an increase in blood pressure is observed, as a result of which a stroke occurs, but in this case.

One of the elements of stroke treatment is diet.

The purpose and features of the diet

Nutrition for a stroke should include vegetables, beets, spinach, cabbage occupy a special place in these health problems. These leaders bring maximum benefit when starting the biochemical reactions of the body. Similar indicators are noted after eating cranberries and blueberries. Berries are considered strong antioxidants that can effectively cleanse the body.

The attending physician, together with the patient, adjusts the diet and draws up a list that the patient should be guided by in the question of what to eat after a stroke. This list is quite impressive, it will allow you to eat varied. Prohibited foods that must be removed from the diet include:

condensed milk, cream, sour cream;
semolina, muffin;
chips, fried potatoes, legumes;
strong drinks: tea, coffee, as well as sparkling water, fruit drinks;
ice cream, chocolate;
rich broths, sausages and mushrooms;

Daily nutrition

The diet after a stroke that was caused by obesity is aimed at preventing the condition from recurring. Doctors advise, if a person is overweight, to direct their struggle to destroy it. But it is important to do this gradually and in stages, so as not to harm the body.

The patient should cook the meat for a couple or bake in the oven, while not adding oil to it. When a layer of fat appears on the surface during stewing, cooking, it should be removed. The list of what you can eat after a stroke is quite diverse, so there is no need to eat the same meals every day. Such food will get tired very quickly, and after the appearance of an aversion to this food, the body will no longer receive useful substances. There are a large number of different recipes, thanks to which you can cook new dishes from one product every time.

It happens that after a stroke, the patient does not eat the usual food, this is due to the appearance of problems with chewing functions, when it is painful to swallow. For such people, all food should be mashed, and in order to improve its taste, it is allowed to add sauces from vegetables, without salt.

You need to grind all the products with a blender. Usually mashed meat, vegetables, fruits are prepared. All products must have an average temperature. Canned baby food is allowed. During feeding, ginseng can be added to food, but only after the permission of the attending physician. The medicinal plant has a stimulating effect, which allows the body to resist diseases, stressful situations, improve blood circulation, restore memory and expand blood vessels.

If the patient, despite the recommendations of the doctor, eats prohibited foods after a stroke, he may experience dehydration, infections, and various ailments. It should be noted that if there is a clinical picture in which the patient cannot eat on his own, tube feeding will help him in this.

Diet menu

Already in the first days after health problems, it is necessary to start implementing dietary recommendations. Here are a few options for a sample menu for the day, which is suitable for people who suffer from diabetes in parallel. First menu option:

breakfast - oatmeal porridge cooked in milk, toast with butter, tea;
for lunch, you can eat sweets, such as a banana;
lunch - vegetable and buckwheat soup, sauteed with a steamed cutlet, as well as cabbage salad dressed with olive oil, and orange juice;
for an afternoon snack again sweets - cottage cheese with berries;
dinner - barley porridge, some tomatoes, fish soufflé and compote;
Before going to bed, drink 1 tbsp. curdled milk.

Second menu option:

breakfast - cottage cheese casserole, jam from allowed fruits, tea;
lunch - 1 tbsp. yogurt and bran bread;
for lunch we will cook beetroot, steam cutlet, vegetable salad seasoned with olive oil and lemon juice, and fruit jelly;
afternoon snack - a decoction of medicinal herbs, biscuit cookies;
dinner - buckwheat porridge, carrot salad, chicken chop and fruit jelly;
when you are going to sleep, you need to drink a decoction of wild rose.

Recipes

Many people wonder what recipes are suitable for people recovering from a stroke. Some of the most useful are:

For a couple of days, you can cook chicken soup. Bring to a boil 2 liters. water, put in boiling water onions, carrots, potatoes, which are pre-cut into cubes. We wash the buckwheat and add it to a boiling container. Lightly fry the chicken breast, and then add to the pan. Sprinkle with herbs before serving. Such nutrition will be useful for bedridden patients after a stroke.
Beetroot salad is prepared from two root vegetables, they should be baked in the oven and chopped with a grater. It is better that the beets were homemade. We cut pickles and onions, mix everything and season with a small amount of lemon juice and vegetable oil
Pumpkin casserole is made from one fruit. Before cooking, it must be crushed, add 1 tbsp. flour (per 1 kg pumpkin), a little sugar, salt, mix. Having obtained a homogeneous dough, put it in a baking dish, which should be greased with olive oil. You can also form pancakes from the dough. Served with honey.

Nutrition for a stroke is selected individually, it must be agreed with the attending physician, as well as with a competent nutritionist. A healthy diet is the key to a speedy recovery of the body and reduces the risk of a second stroke.

A cerebral infarction is characterized by rapid development and severe consequences. To recover faster after a stroke, a set of measures is being taken, which includes the normalization of nutrition. What can you eat during this period, and what foods are prohibited? More about this in the review of the diet, the principles of nutrition of the patient.

What is a stroke

A sudden violation of the blood circulation of the brain leads to damage to the central nervous system (central nervous system). In a stroke, the cells do not receive nutrition, oxygen, which causes their death. As a result, bodily functions are disrupted. If the patient is not provided with timely assistance, the processes will become irreversible. There are two main types of stroke:

Hemorrhagic. The cause of the occurrence is a rupture of the vessel, leading to hemorrhage in the meninges.
Ischemic. It occurs as a result of blockage of the arteries supplying the brain with blood clots.

The pathological condition develops rapidly, requiring a long recovery period. Assistance provided in the first 5 hours after an attack can significantly reduce the rehabilitation period. A stroke is characterized by the following symptoms:

dizziness;
twisted face;
impaired movement on one side of the body;
numbness of the limbs;
headache;
loss of control over the situation;
impaired vision, hearing;
incoherent speech;
paralysis of the limbs;
coordination disorder.

The role of nutrition in stroke recovery

The tactics of treating cerebrovascular accident involves the organization of therapeutic nutrition. It should become a mandatory part of the lifestyle after a stroke. The diet is faced with the following tasks:

help the revival of the body after illness;
improve the work of the heart and blood vessels;
stop the progression of diseases that provoke stroke - hypertension, atherosclerosis;
eliminate food that causes nerve excitation.

Nutrition after a stroke at home should be balanced, complete. The body needs to receive all the components required for the functioning. Diet helps:

reduce the amount of cholesterol in the blood;
improve the functioning of the digestive tract;
normalize metabolic processes;
eliminate bad eating habits;
restore good health;

Diet principles

Nutrition after a brain stroke contains general recommendations. Since circulatory disorders occur for various reasons, there are dietary features that depend on the type of pathology. Experts have the following suggestions:

In ischemic stroke, nutrition should be focused on limiting animal fats that provoke atherosclerosis.
In the case of a hemorrhagic stroke, it is required to exclude the use of salt, which leads to an increase in blood pressure. Under the ban are strong coffee, tea, tonic drinks.

The general principles of organizing the nutrition of a patient who has had a stroke correspond to the diet of the treatment table No. 10. Nutritionists recommend:

reduce calories by avoiding sweets, pastries;
normalize blood cholesterol levels;
practice fractional nutrition - 5 times a day;
limit animal fats;
spend once a week fasting days;
exclude alcohol, which excites the central nervous system;
increase the content of vitamins in food;
for patients with normal weight, observe the daily calorie intake of 2600 kcal.

Nutrition of the patient after a violation of cerebral circulation must meet the following requirements:

include foods rich in vegetable fiber in the diet;
cook food by steaming, by boiling;
consume complex carbohydrates - cereals, cereals, vegetables;
use food containing omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids - walnuts, vegetable oils, sea fish;
use products that include trace elements magnesium, potassium - rice, prunes, dried apricots.

A patient with a stroke brain injury is in a supine position for a long time. Restricted mobility can cause weight gain. A diet after a stroke for a man, a woman who has extra pounds, requires compliance with the following rules:

Maintain a daily caloric intake of 2300 kcal.
Observe the drinking regime - drink 1.2 liters of pure water per day.
Eliminate sugar from the diet, replacing it with honey.
Remove pastries - cakes, pies, muffins.
Swap wheat bread for rye bread.
Twice a month to carry out weight control.

What can you eat after a stroke

It is very important to balance the patient's diet in terms of the amount of fats, proteins, carbohydrates. The diet of a person after a stroke should be varied, healthy, tasty. It may include the following dishes:

soups - vegetable, fish, dairy, with cereals;
cereals in milk, water;
vegetable, fruit salads;
casseroles with minced meat, cereals, potatoes;
drinks - decoctions of herbs, tea with milk, compotes from berries, juices from fruits or vegetables;
side dishes of zucchini, eggplant, carrots, cabbage.

Food after a stroke should include vitamins and minerals. Doctors advise adding foods rich in potassium to the diet - apricots, bananas, raisins, pumpkins, tomatoes, seafood. To replenish magnesium, eat buckwheat porridge, beets, dried fruits. Vitamins are found in the following foods:

E - milk, herbs, vegetable oils;
B6 - carrots, spinach, sunflower seeds;
folic acid - citrus fruits, lentils.

It is advisable for a stroke patient to use the following products:

milk;
low-fat cottage cheese;
sour cream;
dairy products;
cereals - oatmeal, buckwheat, millet;
vegetable oils - olive, linseed, sunflower;
bran bread;
lean veal;
chicken fillet;
vegetables - eggplant, squash, pumpkin;
greens - salads, dill, parsley;
fruits - apples, peaches, tangerines;
berries - currants, gooseberries;
flax seeds;
sesame;
seaweed;
butter;
fish;
egg white;

What not to eat

To exclude the development of severe consequences, the diet for a microstroke should be the same as for a patient who has had an acute cerebral infarction. The rules of nutrition imply the exclusion from the diet of certain foods. After a stroke, the following are prohibited:

vegetables with coarse fibers - broccoli, legumes;
fatty meat, fish;
alcohol;
sausage;
beef kidneys, liver;
canned food;
cooking oil;
cream;
fatty cottage cheese;
radish;
radish;
pasta;
mustard;
mushrooms;
sorrel;
chocolate;
grape;
bananas;
mayonnaise;
raisin;
ice cream.

To exclude weight gain and an increase in cholesterol levels in a person after a stroke, it is forbidden to consume such foods and drinks:

rich broths - fish, mushroom, meat;
puff pastry products;
soups with beans;
smoked products - meat, fish;
dishes including peas, beans;
sauerkraut;
semolina;
strong tea;
cream cakes;
coffee;
pastries made from white flour;
cocoa.

Nutrition for bedridden patients after a stroke

Treatment of a person who has suffered a violation of cerebral circulation is carried out in stationary conditions. If he is unconscious or has a violation of swallowing functions, nutrition during a stroke in the first days is carried out using a probe. A portion is calculated individually, contains the required amount of calories, useful trace elements, fats, proteins, carbohydrates. Using a probe, enter:

special nutrient mixtures - Nutridrink, Berlamin, Nutrizon;
light broths;
dairy products;
vegetables, meat, mashed to a state of puree.

A bedridden patient should not be allowed to stop the work of the gastrointestinal tract. It is necessary to achieve normal intestinal motility, to exclude constipation. If swallowing is impaired, liquids should be thick and dishes should be puree. While the patient after a stroke cannot serve himself, he is fed in a semi-sitting position using a bottle with a nipple or a teaspoon. The diet includes:

liquid cereals;
vegetable purees with mashed meat, fish;
fruit juices;
fermented milk products - kefir, yogurt;
cottage cheese;
sour cream;
berries;
puree soups.

Recipes

Dietary nutrition of the patient should be carried out on the basis of the doctor's recommendations.. A properly composed menu for a patient after a stroke will help him quickly cope with the disease and prevent the recurrence of the pathology. Interesting, simple recipes can be found in cookbooks, on Internet sites. To facilitate the task during the preparation of healthy, tasty dishes, ready-made solutions are offered.

Cooking time: 35 minutes.
Number of servings: 6 persons.
Calorie content of the dish: 180 kcal.
Purpose: lunch.
Cuisine: European.
Difficulty: easy.

Low-calorie chicken soup can be prepared in any season. It does not require much time, very tasty and healthy. It is allowed to use fresh vegetables, combine their composition. In winter, you can use frozen blanks. The dish is served with herbs, seasoned with sour cream. Do not forget - the patient's food after a stroke is not salted.

Ingredients:

chicken fillet - 300 grams;
water - 2 liters;
cauliflower - 200 grams;
potatoes - 2 pieces;
garlic - 2 cloves;
carrots - 1 piece;
black pepper - 6 peas;
bay leaf - 2 pieces;
tomatoes - 3 pieces.

Cooking method:

Wash the chicken, cut into pieces.
Pour water into the pan, put the fillet, pepper, bay leaf into it, put on fire. After boiling, remove the foam from the broth. Boil 10 minutes.
Wash and clean vegetables. Finely chop the onion, potatoes, carrots - into cubes. Dip in soup, cook for 7 minutes.
Disassemble the cabbage into inflorescences, pour boiling water over the tomatoes, peel, cut. Add to pot, cook for about 10 minutes.
Mince the garlic and put in the soup.
Turn off the heat, close the lid, let stand for 15 minutes.

vegetable oil - 1 tbsp. spoon.

Cooking method:

Wash the apples, remove the core, cut into pieces, the peel can be left.
Pour water into an enameled pan so that it covers the bottom by 1 cm. Put apples in it, put on a slow fire. To withstand, without interfering, until a mushy mass is obtained - 1-2 hours. Cool down.
Put the contents in a sieve to drain excess juice. Wipe the remaining mass - you get a puree of a delicate consistency.

The next steps for making apple marshmallows will take about 4 hours and will be as follows:

Preheat oven to 100 degrees. Put parchment greased with vegetable oil on a baking sheet - this will help to quickly remove the finished product. Spread applesauce on it with a layer of 5 mm. Put in the oven, leave the door open.
After the pastille dries, it will take about 2 hours, turn it over to the other side, withstand the same time.
Remove the finished product from the sheet, cut into pieces or roll into a tube.

Fish dumplings with mashed potatoes

Cooking time: 1 hour.
Number of servings: 6 persons.
Calorie content of the dish: 160 kcal.
Purpose: side dish for lunch, dinner.
Cuisine: Russian.
Difficulty: easy.

For a stroke patient, when he is in a supine position, you can eat mashed potatoes diluted with milk. Since the restoration of the swallowing function, it can become a side dish for meat and fish dishes. Puree goes well with vegetable salads.

Ingredients:

potatoes - 1 kilogram;
milk - 1 glass;
butter - 70 grams;
egg - 1 piece.

Cooking method:

Peel potatoes, cut into pieces, add water. Cook until tender without adding salt. Drain the water.
Put the butter, using a pusher, bring to a homogeneous mass. Add an egg.
Heat milk until warm. Gradually pour it into the potato mass, whisking with a mixer.

Fish quenelles:

Cooking time: 2 hours.
Number of servings: 6 persons.
Calorie content of the dish: 80 kcal.
Purpose: hot for lunch, dinner.
Cuisine: Russian.
Difficulty: easy.

Quenelles are puffed cutlets recommended for the diet of stroke patients. They have a delicate texture, pleasant taste. For cooking use low-fat fish - flounder, hake, cod, pike, burbot. Quenelles are served with stewed vegetables, mashed potatoes, cereals.

Ingredients:

fish fillet - 600 grams;
egg - 1 piece;

Smirnova Olga Leonidovna

Neurologist, education: First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov. Work experience 20 years.

Articles written

Stroke is not selective. Its victims are women and men of different ages, professions, social statuses. No one is immune from its development. But people who do not care about a balanced diet, regularly eating fatty and carbohydrate-rich foods, are at increased risk. Becoming habitual, such food threatens the whole body and especially the cardiovascular system.

It stimulates the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Developing on the walls of blood vessels, they cause their narrowing, and then clogging. As a result, an ischemic stroke occurs, which is highly likely to recur if the patient does not understand that only healthy foods can be eaten.

Blocking the lumen of blood vessels, atherosclerotic plaques provoke a rapid increase in pressure. As a result, it develops, the consequences of which can be irreversible. In order to recover faster from it and avoid worsening of their condition, the patient must follow all the recommendations of the doctor, including eating right.

Therefore, it is so important to know what you can eat after a stroke, and what foods are strictly prohibited.

Why is a diet necessary?

The diet for ischemic stroke is designed to:

Reduce the content of harmful cholesterol and fats in the blood, prevent their accumulation.
Create conditions for the normalization of cerebral circulation.
To prevent the re-development of the pathological process and the deterioration of the patient's condition.
Accelerate the patient's rehabilitation, help him recover faster and return to an active lifestyle.

Scientific studies have confirmed that nutrition in accordance with the diet is especially important in the first days after a stroke. A well-balanced diet helps to avoid complications and significantly reduces the recovery process. It has also been proven that certain products for a stroke can negate the efforts of doctors, causing another attack.

Nutrition for a stroke of the brain involves:

frequent consumption of food in small quantities;
compliance with the daily calorie intake (about 2500 kcal, but no more);
focus on fiber-rich foods. They will help to avoid constipation;
taking into account the biochemical composition of dishes. The patient needs to eat food every day that contains enough proteins and minerals, as well as fats and complex carbohydrates of plant origin;
enrichment of the diet with foods with antioxidant properties. They will increase the supply of oxygen to brain cells and prevent development;
the inclusion in it of products containing electrolytes (potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium). In the right combination with each other, they contribute to the conduction of an impulse between nerve cells;
taking substances that can strengthen the vascular walls.

All products for a stroke patient are divided into 3 groups. The first includes useful ones. They are eaten according to the principle “the more the better”, but within reasonable limits. The second group consists of products that doctors do not recommend to use, but are still allowed in small quantities and infrequently. In the third - those that can harm a person after an ischemic stroke. They are absolutely not to be eaten.

For patients who have suffered a violation of cerebral circulation, a treatment table at number 10 is recommended. The Mediterranean diet is also suitable for them.

Mandatory to use

A doctor will help you properly organize nutrition after a stroke at home. He will give detailed recommendations regarding the composition of the diet, based on the anamnesis, the severity of the patient's condition, and prognosis. The doctor will definitely advise you to maximize the proportion of vegetables and fruits in it. Their use after a stroke of the brain by 30% reduces the risk of re-development of the pathological process.

Vegetables are high in fiber and high in folic acid. They help to normalize metabolism and from cholesterol deposits. With the digestion of vegetables, the body does not experience difficulties. This allows you to safely include them in the diet for bedridden patients after a stroke. Pumpkin, cabbage, spinach, carrot and beetroot salads are delicious and healthy dishes.

Fruits are another essential part of the diet. But use them carefully, given the presence of concomitant diseases (diabetes, allergies).

What to feed patients prone to allergic reactions? The answer is simple - apples, and green ones are better. It is contraindicated for them to eat any citrus fruits or pears after a stroke. With diabetes, the proportion of fruits in the daily menu will have to be replaced with herbs and vegetables.

The cells of the human body use plant and animal proteins as a building material. Therefore, it will be correct to regularly feed the patient with products with a high content of them. This will allow his body to more effectively deal with the necrotic and atrophic changes that have occurred in it.

The diet should be varied with dishes from:

lean meats (it is better if it is poultry or veal);
sea fish;
beans

But don't overdo the meat. It is desirable to eat with a stroke a maximum of 2-3 times a week. Instead of animal fats, it is better to use vegetable fats. They are found in oils: sunflower, olive, rapeseed, linseed.

Bananas, dates, apples, raisins, prunes, dried apricots, pine nuts, almonds, beans, potatoes, beet tops, seaweed, whole grain cereals provide potassium to the patient's body. Vitamin B6, which reduces the level of homocysteine, which stimulates development - spinach, broccoli, walnuts, wheat sprouts, sunflower seeds.

It is more difficult for bedridden patients to recover. Blueberries and cranberries will help them overcome the consequences of the disease. Being natural antioxidants, they will increase vitality and energize the body. In case of cerebral circulation disorders, experts recommend eating more vegetables and fruits of purple color: dark grapes, red cabbage, eggplants.

They contain a lot of anthocyanins, which reduce the risk of recurrence of the disease. Patients should also heed these tips.

Diet principles

Diet after a stroke at home continues until the end of the rehabilitation period. At this time, you will have to limit salt intake and change the water regime (reduce the daily volume of fluid consumed to 1.2 liters). The ban will include products that:

hard to digest;
have an irritating effect on the cardiovascular system and kidneys;
can cause nervous excitement.

It will be hard for coffee lovers and lovers of strong tea. These drinks, like any other, do not accept proper nutrition prescribed by doctors after the development of a stroke. You can replace them with decoctions of useful herbs, rosehip infusion, green tea with the addition of mint leaves or lemon balm.

Dairy products are included in the patient's diet with caution. In many people, even in a low-fat form, they cause bloating of the intestines. Stool retention will be a contraindication to taking them.

As a result of the diet, cholesterol levels should decrease, so it is not recommended to fry the food you eat. It can be boiled or stewed. The ideal option for the patient is to give preference to steamed dishes.

It often happens that after a micro-stroke or a full-fledged stroke, the appetite of patients increases greatly. In this case, doctors advise splitting portions. If the amount of food that is planned to be eaten during the day is divided into 5-6 parts, increasing the frequency of their intake, it will not be necessary to exceed it to the detriment of the diet.

Prohibited Products

Diet for stroke of the brain excludes the reception:

fatty foods: dairy (sour cream, butter, full-fat milk and cream), meat (fatty pork, duck, lard), cakes and pastries with cream, margarine, mayonnaise;
foods high in light carbohydrates: any muffins, sweets, chocolate and other sweets;
smoked meats;
sausage products;
hot sauces;
canned and pickled foods;
mushrooms.

If a person suffers from diabetes, fruits and any confectionery are added to this list. A patient after a stroke should have a clear understanding that they should not be eaten even with a strong desire. The use of these products complicates the rehabilitation process, it can worsen the patient's condition and even cause a new attack.

Eggs are useful, but no more than 2 pieces during the week. It is better to refuse semi-finished products. Salt is not used in the cooking process. Its allowable amount is 1 tsp. per day. In order not to exceed it, salt is already prepared food when serving.

If the patient is lying

If a stroke has deprived the patient of mobility, turning him into a bedridden patient, he needs a special diet, developed according to individual indications, taking into account the severity of the violations. Only the attending physician can competently compile it.

Feeding of patients with impaired swallowing function is carried out in a hospital. It is carried out through a special tube with nutrient mixtures containing all the elements necessary for the body to live and recover. Ordinary products can be used, but in a liquid state: pureed soup, milk.

In the same way, patients with disorders caused by a stroke are fed. They can manifest themselves in a conscious refusal to eat. The patient loses interest in life and does not respond to requests from relatives. Then, with their consent, he is placed in a medical institution, where food is provided forcibly. The patient is fed through the probe for as many days as it takes for the appearance of positive dynamics.

If the patient is conscious, but cannot move his arms on his own, use a drinking cup or give him food, like a child - from a spoon. With partial paralysis, the patient is gradually taught to use a movable arm. At home, unbreakable dishes and a tray will come in handy. Napkins and towels will not be superfluous.

It is better for bedridden patients with impaired cerebral circulation to give liquid or semi-liquid food. It is easier to swallow and absorbs faster. It is important to take into account the compatibility of products with drugs and follow the recommendations for taking medications (before or after meals).

Menu variability

The menu after a stroke does not have to be monotonous and tasteless. Allowed recipes allow you to cook numerous dishes, limiting only the use of salt, fat, pepper and other seasonings.

Fresh vegetable and fruit salads, soups, beetroot, cereals, sauté, boiled pasta, steam cutlets, chicken breast chops, fish soufflé, bran or cereal bread, low-fat yogurt, protein or herb-baked omelet, puddings, casseroles from cottage cheese or carrots, syrniki, toast, biscuit cookies, marshmallows, marmalade, compote, jelly, fruit jelly, marshmallow, mousse, jam, honey - not a complete list of options.

If food seems tasteless without salt, you can season it with crushed garlic, fresh herbs (parsley, dill), seaweed. Serve warm, but not too hot.

How to eat right and what foods should be discarded are questions that even completely healthy people should worry about. According to popular wisdom, "we are what we eat." And regarding such a dangerous disease as a stroke, it is absolutely true. It is recommended to follow a diet not only for people who have experienced its consequences, but also for those who are at risk or are simply attentive to their health. After all, it is much easier to prevent the development of a pathological process than to deal with its complications.

Diseases of the cardiovascular system are extremely common throughout the world. The group of vascular diseases includes, among other things. This is an acute pathological condition that requires emergency medical care. When the critical period is left behind, there comes a period of rehabilitation after a stroke. At this stage, human nutrition plays an important role.

Diet principles after a stroke

This is an acute violation of cerebral circulation. Factors such as atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels and hypertension lead to the occurrence of a stroke. After a stroke, neither, nor disappear anywhere. This means that there is a risk of recurrent strokes against the background of existing diseases in the future. These diseases must be fought with both medication and diet.

After a stroke, it is very important for a person to lead a healthy lifestyle and eat right. The diet has the following goals: to help the body recover from a stroke, and also to influence existing diseases (atherosclerosis, hypertension), in order to prevent the occurrence of recurrent strokes.

Stroke survivors are credited with the #10 therapeutic diet. This diet is widely used for various cardiovascular diseases. The basic principles of the diet:

Reduce the content of animal fat in food;
Increase the content of vegetable fat;
Reduce the consumption of easily digestible carbohydrates (white flour products, confectionery, potatoes, etc.) and give preference to complex carbohydrates (cereals, cereals, vegetables);
Proteins must be eaten in sufficient quantities;
Restrict ;
Limit intake;
Limit the amount of fluid you drink per day to 1.5 liters;
Increase the content, potassium, in the diet;
Cook food by boiling, steaming, avoiding frying.

Prohibited foods after a stroke

When people hear the word “diet,” many people associate it with severe restrictions and tasteless dishes. In fact, the diet after a stroke should be complete and provide the physiological needs of the body. Nutrition after a stroke does not require any strict restrictions. But for a speedy recovery after an illness, it is worth listening to the recommendations of nutritionists.

The main enemy of a person who has had a stroke is. It is the elevated level of cholesterol in the blood that leads to the development of atherosclerosis and, as a consequence, the occurrence of a stroke. As you know, cholesterol is found in large quantities in fatty foods of animal origin, namely in fatty meats and poultry (duck), offal, egg yolks, butter, fatty dairy products and cheeses.

It is known that excessive consumption leads to, which is highly undesirable in this case. Patients with a history of stroke should limit their salt intake to 3 mg/day. Moreover, food cannot be salted during cooking, but only ready-made dishes can be sprinkled with salt.

note! For many people, salt restriction is not easy at first and the food seems somehow tasteless. In fairness, it should be noted that soon the taste buds will adapt to the lack of salt, and the food will again seem tasty and enjoyable.

In addition, it is necessary to limit the use of such products as:

Easily digestible carbohydrates (white flour products, confectionery, limiting the consumption of potatoes);
Sausages;
Rich meat broths;
legumes;
Fatty varieties of fish, caviar;
Mushrooms;
Grape;
Some dairy products: sour cream,;
Coffee;
Alcoholic drinks.

What can you eat after a stroke?

Nutrition after a stroke should be high in calories and contain the required amount of proteins, fats, carbohydrates. As mentioned above, it is necessary to provide the body with carbohydrates at the expense of complex carbohydrates. Foods rich in complex carbohydrates are low in calories, contain dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals. In turn, dietary fiber (fiber, pectin) has a small, but hypolipidemic effect, thus reducing the level of "harmful" lipids in the blood. Essential complex carbohydrates include:

Vegetables ( , );
Cereal crops (, wheat);
Products made from wholemeal flour (bread, pasta).

It would be a mistake to think that fats are an absolute evil that must be avoided at all costs. In fact, fats contain fatty acids, which have various effects on the body. So, saturated fatty acids, which are mainly found in animal fats, contribute to an increase in blood lipid levels. Unsaturated fatty acids found in vegetable oils and fish oils, on the contrary, reduce blood lipid levels. Therefore, the diet of a person after a stroke should be rich in foods containing unsaturated fatty acids in large quantities. Doctors recommend consuming up to thirty grams of vegetable oil per day. It can be linseed, or even the most ordinary sunflower oil.

A full recovery cannot be imagined without protein, which is found in sufficient quantities in meat. In the post-stroke period, it is necessary to give preference to lean meats, namely:, beef,. The skin is removed from the chicken before cooking.

Vitamins after a stroke

It is extremely important that the diet in the post-stroke period is rich in essential minerals and vitamins. According to scientific studies, people with hypertension who eat a diet rich in potassium have a lower risk of stroke. Foods rich in potassium include:

Fruits ( , and );
Vegetables (tomatoes,);
Fish and seafood.

You also need to pay attention to, which is an antioxidant. Scientists claim that vitamin E reduces the painful effects of a stroke. This vitamin is found in large quantities in vegetable oils, sea fish and seafood, nuts, and cereals.

Sample menu for the day

Diet after a stroke can not be called strict. A person who observes therapeutic nutrition does not experience any discomfort, because he does not have to deprive himself of delicious foods. You can easily prepare various dishes that will be both varied and healthy. A sample menu for the day looks like this: