Leg cramps during pregnancy: causes and remedies. What are dangerous night cramps in the legs during pregnancy: causes and methods of treatment

During pregnancy, a woman often feels painful contractions of the legs when their tension reaches the limit - this is called cramps. They start abruptly, mostly during periods of rest, often at night. Leg cramps during pregnancy can overcome the expectant mother for various reasons.

What causes seizures?

These painful contractions are a symptom of so many possible disorders in the body. Their most common cause is a lack of certain trace elements and vitamins. This condition may occur due to toxicosis, increased needs of the growing fetus, the use of diuretics and herbs, and malnutrition.
The second most common factor that can cause leg cramps is severe anemia or stress.
When a woman's blood sugar is disturbed, it can also lead to painful contractions. The expectant mother may not even be aware of her condition, the reasons for which are rather banal - a pregnant woman loves various sweets very much or eats rarely, in large portions.
Varicose veins and drinks containing caffeine often provoke cramps.
If none of the reasons listed above are confirmed, then the woman may be suffering from "inferior vena cava compression syndrome" with a growing uterus - this happens in the 3rd trimester. When the gynecologist refutes this probability, then you really need to rely on his experience and listen to his assumptions, because this trouble can be caused by a number of other diseases and complications.

Treatment and prevention of leg cramps during pregnancy

First, if there is an attack, then slowly and strongly pull your toes towards you, relax and repeat the exercise.

Secondly, after the pain has subsided, massage the muscle where the cramp occurred and slowly walk around.

The prevention of painful contraction of the leg is a simple action: you need to raise your legs on the pillow and thus lie down a bit. It is also advisable to wear comfortable shoes and avoid long walks. You should also stop smoking and reduce the amount of caffeine and sugar in your diet.

All these techniques will only ease the attack, but it is necessary to deal with treatment and find out the cause.

If the cause of seizures is a lack of nutrients in the body of a pregnant woman, then vitamin preparations are prescribed and the woman's nutrition is regulated. If they occur due to stress, then it is possible to use sedatives.
When painful contractions are caused by the "squeezing syndrome of the inferior vena cava", then only the usual prevention and patience will help. After childbirth, this condition will definitely pass.

Reviews

Alenka:"Magnesium B6 helps a lot and the course of Calcemin"

Kate:"You need to drink calcium. Calcinova, for example, or Calcium D3 forte"

Lena:“It happens to me in the mornings. The first pregnancy was generally terrible ... Then both legs hurt, I couldn’t walk ... And now I learned how to stretch my leg correctly and it doesn’t hurt at all later. I drink milk, kefir .. I don’t like pills"

Maria:“But nothing helped me during pregnancy. My hands were cramping terribly, especially at night. I roared and endured. Fine."

Alyona:"You can't have too much calcium.. Especially after 30 weeks... You only need to drink one course of it! And so you need to drink Magnesium B6 !!"

Olga:"My gynecologist advised me to drink magnesium B6. It helped me. I drank for a week 2 times a day"

Anna:"Magnerot needed!!! Great thing"

Jadwiga:"I also suffer from seizures, especially during pregnancy. I have low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) and potassium is sometimes below normal. During pregnancy, I ate a lot of dried apricots and raisins - it helped"

convulsions- this is an involuntary and rather painful muscle contraction caused by a violation of blood circulation in this part of the body.

Quite often, for the first time, women experience leg cramps during pregnancy. “To reduce legs”, as they say in the common people, can be for a lot of reasons, the main ones are described below.

Why do pregnant women have cramps in their legs?

Most often, seizures are not an independent disease. Cramps of the lower extremities are rather a symptom of a certain disease, a sign of circulatory disorders or excessive muscle loads.

It can reduce legs due to:

predisposition or presence of varicose veins (because this disease leads to circulatory disorders in the limbs);
muscle fatigue;
improperly selected shoes or wearing high heels;
an uncomfortable posture or a long stay without movement during sleep (at the same time, the legs become numb and cramp them);
swelling of the legs of various origins;
cold feet syndrome;
metabolic disorders (deficiency of potassium, calcium and magnesium), which leads to muscle weakness and spasms;
the presence of inflammatory processes in the muscles or ligaments;
diabetes mellitus (because this disease disrupts the peripheral circulation of the legs);
neurological problems, in particular, diseases of the lower spine;
hormonal failure (but then the pregnant woman was diagnosed with a “threatened miscarriage” and she is undergoing hormonal therapy), if nothing threatens the pregnancy, then convulsions can occur due to changes in hormonal status (when the body has not yet had time to adapt).

But as a rule, leg cramps are observed in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. The reason for this is an increased load on the muscles and ligamentous apparatus of the legs, because the pregnant tummy is constantly increasing in size and weight. In addition, the enlarged uterus often compresses the large blood vessels of the pelvis, which disrupts the venous outflow and cramps the legs.

It is also worth saying that during pregnancy, the need for trace elements increases, because the baby takes a certain part of them from the mother's body. With a deficiency of such important nutrients as potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, a spasm of calves and toes can be observed. Therefore, if a woman has not yet started taking a special complex of vitamins for pregnant women, it is worth thinking about it.

Why does the leg cramp more often at night?

This may be due to:

uncomfortable position of the body or prolonged immobility during sleep. At the same time, blood circulation in the legs is disturbed and the legs cramp.
increased muscle excitability due to excessive intake of coffee or tea during the day. These drinks are muscle stimulants due to the presence of caffeine in them, so excessive intake of coffee or tea does not allow the legs to relax even during a night's rest.
in most women, swelling of the legs increases in the evening due to the transferred load during the day. The appearance of edema causes leg cramps.

Nocturnal cramps may be longer and more painful than daytime cramps. You need to know how to make the muscles relax and stop the development of painful sensations.

What to do during a seizure?

It is necessary to remember the sequence of actions for cramps of various muscle groups of the legs and to practice in advance to quickly and accurately perform them. This will help relieve spasm without too much fuss in a minimum amount of time.

General procedure:

Straighten your leg.
Engage antagonist muscles (see below for explanations).
Activate blood circulation by rubbing the painful area.

Detailed procedure for different muscles

1. With a spasm of the muscles of the foot and calves, the first step is to pull the sock towards you with an effort (see Figure 1).

Figure 1 - Method of getting rid of cramps in the foot and calves

Thus, antagonist muscles will be involved, which do the opposite work. And if they tense up, then the cramped muscles should relax on their own. This is provided by the structure of the body of each person.

With the other hand, it is necessary to carefully and quickly rub, knead, pinch the cramped muscle.

Such actions will reduce spasm and increase blood flow in the spasmodic muscle.

Also, painful contractions in the calf muscles can be stopped by pressing on certain points. Sharply, quickly and forcefully press the thumb into the center of the popliteal fossa of the reduced leg. Next, you need to press on a point 5-6 cm above the heel, and leading your hand up, press the calf three times at intervals of several centimeters.

2. With a spasm of the front of the thigh, bend the leg at the knee, pulling it with your hands to your chest (see Figure 2). If the period no longer allows this, then it is necessary to pull the leg as close to the stomach as possible, but without squeezing it.

Rub the contracted muscle and repeat all over again.

Figure 2 - A way to get rid of cramps in the anterior thigh

3. For spasm of the hamstring and/or buttocks, lift the cramped leg and straighten it at the knee (see Figure 3). Rub the back of your thighs well with your hands. Do it all over again if necessary.

Figure 3 - Relief from hamstring cramp

It is useful to study this instruction for all pregnant women, regardless of whether they suffer from leg cramps or not, because no one is immune from its appearance.

Seizure Prevention

What can be done to avoid or reduce the frequency of seizures? The first step is to identify and try to eliminate the cause of their occurrence.

If the woman does not suffer from any of the diseases listed at the beginning of the article, then general recommendations should be followed.

1. Eat more greens, vegetables, fruits (dried fruits in winter, such as dried apricots, dates, prunes) and sesame seeds (a source of calcium). Increase the amount of dairy products in your diet. Avoid excessive consumption of tea and coffee, salty, spicy and pickled. Try to drink more clean water, and only 30% of the total amount of fluid consumed should be juices, fruit drinks, compotes.

True, it also happens when cramps during pregnancy do not occur at all. Why does this condition occur and can it be overcome?

Cramps during pregnancy or spasm is an involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles, usually accompanied by sharp pain. Leg cramps in pregnant women are caused by a sudden contraction of the calf muscles located on the back of the leg. Areas of local muscle spasm appear as indurations. Most often, this condition occurs in the evening or at night in the supine position. At the cellular level, this process is associated with an increase in the excitability of muscle cells, due to which muscle contraction occurs.

Causes of seizures during pregnancy

Magnesium and calcium

Magnesium during pregnancy- a universal regulator of physiological and biochemical processes of the body. The normal content of magnesium in the body is ensured by the balance of its intake and excretion. During pregnancy, the content of this element in the body is reduced due to an increase in the volume of circulating blood, the growth of the fetus and uterus. With a lack of magnesium in the body of a pregnant woman, serious complications such as preeclampsia, spontaneous abortion, premature birth, placental insufficiency, and fetal malnutrition can occur. Magnesium plays an important role in the physiology of the transmission of nerve impulses to muscles and the contraction of their cells. A decrease in its level leads to an increase in neuromuscular excitability and causes the development of seizures.

deficit magnesium during pregnancy also occurs with increased excretion of this element from the body during vomiting, diarrhea, diabetes. Most often, the development of magnesium deficiency contributes to its insufficient intake in the body with food. Some medications used by pregnant women also make it difficult for the body to absorb and absorb magnesium. For example, antacids such as almagel And maalox, used to treat heartburn, enveloping the gastric mucosa and protecting its walls from the aggressive action of hydrochloric acid, while slowing down the absorption of vitamins and trace elements.

Both drug therapy and a diet that includes foods high in magnesium and vitamin B6, or, as it is also called, pyridoxine, helps restore the physiological level of magnesium in the body. Magnesium and pyridoxine are closely related. As a rule, the deficiency of this trace element is accompanied by an insufficient content of vitamin B6 in the body.

calcium during pregnancy- This is another macronutrient, the insufficient content of which is a common cause of cramps in the calf muscles. Its metabolism in the body is significantly influenced by the parathyroid glands. During pregnancy, there is a decrease in their function, leading to a decrease in the level of calcium in the blood. Calcium salts are the main building material for bones, teeth, nails; they are also necessary for the muscles, participate in the processes of hematopoiesis, metabolism, help reduce vascular permeability, preventing the penetration of microorganisms into the blood and, thus, increasing the body's resistance to infections and toxins.

Calcium is absorbed in the body only in the presence of magnesium. During pregnancy, especially in the last trimester, the need for this macronutrient increases by 2-3 times, because it is involved in the formation of fetal bone tissue. Therefore, with insufficient intake from food, it is “washed out” of the bones.

iron deficiency

May be due to severe anemia. During pregnancy, there is often a deficiency of iron, which is part of hemoglobin. Iron is found in the body not only as part of blood hemoglobin, but in muscle tissue it is represented by myoglobin. With the help of myoglobin, the muscle provides itself with oxygen. Therefore, with oxygen starvation, which develops with anemia, the metabolism of minerals in the muscle is disturbed and convulsions may occur.

glucose during pregnancy

Often convulsions in pregnant women associated with lower blood glucose levels. During pregnancy, this is especially true, since glucose is the main energy source and is actively consumed not only for the needs of the body of a pregnant woman, but also for the life of the fetus. With an improper diet, when food is taken rarely, but in large quantities, with a plentiful late dinner, a decrease in blood sugar levels at night and in the morning is possible, which can cause convulsive contractions.

Varicose veins during pregnancy

Phlebeurysm legs is another common side effect of pregnancy, affecting 20–40?% of expectant mothers. In early pregnancy, this is associated with hormonal influences. Pregnancy hormones weaken the muscular walls of blood vessels, causing them to dilate to accommodate the increase in blood volume in the body during pregnancy. Usually, the pathology first manifests itself in the second half of pregnancy. Most often, varicose veins appear on the legs, because the enlarged uterus compresses the main blood vessels passing under it (inferior vena cava, iliac veins), which increases the load on the veins of the pelvis and sometimes leads to stagnation of blood in the legs. In the initial stage of the disease, a woman pays attention to a cosmetic defect in the form of a vascular network. Later there are complaints of fatigue, heaviness in the legs and their swelling, after prolonged standing or in the afternoon, especially with the onset of heat. Due to the deterioration of blood circulation, the nutrition of the muscle, the delivery of nutrients to it and the removal of metabolic products are disturbed. All this serves as a favorable background for the development of seizures.

inferior vena cava syndrome

As already mentioned, the growing pregnant uterus puts significant pressure on the pelvic vessels. In the supine position or on the right side, the pressure increases, the uterus can compress the inferior vena cava, located to the right of the spine, causing a violation of the outflow of venous blood from the extremities, and the same mechanism is triggered as in varicose veins. This is accompanied by the appearance seizures during pregnancy.

Figuratively speaking, many factors converge at one point and are outwardly manifested by the appearance seizures during pregnancy. This fact must be reported to the obstetrician-gynecologist and try to understand the causes of the situation in order to develop further tactics together with the doctor aimed at eliminating the causes of seizures.

To identify the cause of seizures, in addition to the accompanying complaints characteristic of each disease, a number of blood indicators will help the doctor. To do this, it is necessary to pass clinical and biochemical blood tests, an analysis of serum iron, a coagulogram. This is required to assess hemoglobin, glucose levels, and the amount of trace elements. You may need to consult a therapist, neurologist and endocrinologist.

If a close relative in your family suffers varicose disease or you already have the first signs of this disease, then a consultation with a phlebologist or a vascular surgeon is desirable, and it is also necessary to conduct ultrasound dopplerography (USDG) of the veins of the lower extremities. The main task of Doppler ultrasound is to assess the condition of the veins and their valves. Ultrasound is a complete method for examining veins (that is, an exhaustive study is necessary in 90% of cases), diagnosing thrombotic vascular occlusions, varicose veins, valvular insufficiency of the main veins.

First aid for seizures

They can be extremely unpleasant, and the pain from them often wakes pregnant women at night. When they occur, you can massage the contracted muscle yourself or ask your husband to rub it to increase blood circulation, but it is best to try to get up and walk around a bit. If the cramps are so strong that it is difficult to get up, then while sitting on the bed, grab the toes of the sore leg and pull them towards you, trying not to bend the knee and not raise the leg. Remember that you need to stretch gradually, avoiding fast and abrupt movements, which can not only increase cramps, but also damage the muscles. If your big belly doesn't allow you to lean forward to grab your toes, just straighten your legs, press them all the way down to the mattress, and point your toes as far as you can towards your head.

Be sure to notify your doctor. After talking with you and receiving the results of the tests, he can prescribe the intake of vitamin complexes or medications designed to make up for the deficiency of the missing substances and recommend the consultation of other specialists. If the examination does not determine anything serious, then the doctor will give advice that will alleviate your condition and will be preventive measures. By following these recommendations, you will definitely cope with cramps.

Pregnancy is a time that a woman must devote to herself. While a new life is developing inside, the expectant mother should think not only about her baby, but also about her health in order to avoid problems both during pregnancy and after it.

Vitamins and minerals for pregnant women

As we have already found out, one of the reasons seizures during pregnancy is the lack of trace elements in the body of a woman, so it is necessary to ensure their sufficient intake both with food and from multivitamin complexes recommended for pregnant women.

The greatest amount of magnesium is found in fresh fruits, vegetables, parsley, dill, green onions. During canning, drying, drying, the concentration of the mineral decreases slightly, but it is much worse absorbed in the body. Therefore, magnesium deficiency is less common in summer than in the cold period. High concentration of magnesium in fish and seafood. Pyridoxine is found in large quantities in unrefined cereal grains, vegetables, fish, meat, milk, cattle and cod liver, and egg yolk.

Medical treatment for long-term latent magnesium deficiency start with preparations containing magnesium with vitamin B6, in the presence of which the absorption of the macroelement improves. Replenishment of the mineral level occurs no earlier than after two months of therapeutic measures. When taking preparations containing magnesium, it must be taken into account that after 18 hours the absorption of magnesium from the digestive tract decreases due to its biochemical characteristics. Therefore, medicines, which include magnesium, are best taken in the morning. Another feature is that its absorption by tissues increases against the background of light physical exertion and decreases during a sedentary lifestyle.

There are diseases in which you can not take magnesium supplements. These include renal failure, decreased thyroid function, a tendency to thrombosis, and adrenal insufficiency.

calcium rich in milk, dairy products, cheese, cottage cheese.

Vitamin D found in large quantities in the liver of fish, especially cod, as well as butter, egg yolk, milk. It is very important to spend enough time in the fresh air, as moderate amounts of ultraviolet rays contribute to the production of the skin's own vitamin D, which is necessary for calcium absorption.

Expectant mothers should take vitamin D and calcium supplements throughout pregnancy, starting at 12 weeks. It is better to drink vitamin D and calcium preparations in the evening, when their absorption by the bone tissue is enhanced. For the purpose of prevention, it is enough to take multivitamin complexes, which include the necessary pregnant vitamins and micronutrients.

Taking vitamin D is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to cholecalciferol (one of the forms of vitamin D), hypervitaminosis D, increased levels of calcium in the blood and its increased excretion in the urine, urolithiasis with the presence of calcium stones and some other diseases.

To prevent the occurrence anemia during pregnancy multivitamin complexes, which also include trace elements, are excellent. However, remember that some foods significantly reduce the absorption of iron by the body and can nullify all your efforts. These are cheese, milk, yoghurts, cottage cheese, tea, coffee, spinach, cereals and bran. This food group should be consumed one hour before or two hours after taking iron supplements or products containing it.

Increase the amount of foods high in your daily diet vitamin C because they increase the absorption of iron by the body. It can be citrus fruits, kiwi, rose hips, strawberries, currants, red and green bell peppers. The largest amount of iron is found in meat, liver, buckwheat, pomegranates. The intake of medicines and vitamins is prescribed by the doctor on an individual basis, based on the patient's state of health.

Nutrition during pregnancy

To maintain normal blood sugar levels, frequent fractional nutrition during pregnancy, since long breaks in eating can also lead to a decrease in blood glucose levels and, accordingly, to seizures. The basis of the diet should be complex carbohydrates (buckwheat and oatmeal, bread and wholemeal pasta, vegetables and fruits). The carbohydrates in these foods are broken down slowly, providing a constant supply of moderate amounts of glucose into the blood. As a result, the body gets enough energy, and the level of the hormone insulin, which is necessary to maintain a normal amount of sugar in the blood, does not increase significantly. With the use of simple carbohydrates (sugar, sweets, cakes), a large amount of glucose enters the blood at the same time. In response, a lot of insulin is released, which is why subsequently the blood sugar level drops sharply, provoking muscle spasm.

Clothes for pregnant women

Expectant mothers are advised to wear comfortable shoes with a stable heel no more than 3–4 cm high. When forced to stand for a long time, you should periodically perform simple exercises to normalize blood circulation in the calf muscles. You can simply rise up on your toes a few times and lower your foot back to the floor. Foot massage helps a lot with cramps, as reflexogenic points are activated and blood circulation improves.

When varicose veins It is recommended to wear special anti-varicose tights and stockings. In this case, it is very important to choose the right size and degree of compression (pressure) of tights, depending on the state of the venous system. It is better if a doctor can help you with this.

If possible, you should rest with your legs elevated so that blood can circulate freely from your feet to your upper torso. At the same time, you can do a light massage of the legs, stroking them from the feet to the thigh (in the direction of movement of venous blood through the vessels of the lower extremities) with moderate compression of the soft tissues to improve the outflow of venous blood.

To activate blood circulation and improve muscle nutrition, baths at room temperature with sea salt are useful - 2–3 tbsp. l. salt per 4–5 l of water. They are recommended to do in the evening before going to bed. This procedure well relieves fatigue and tension in the muscles of the legs. Try to sleep on your left side or put a small pillow under your right buttock to redistribute the weight of the enlarged uterus on the left half of the body and thereby reduce its pressure on the inferior vena cava.

As a prevention of cramps in the calf muscles, the following exercise is recommended: lie on the floor, raise your legs, bending them at the knees, and strongly rest your toes against the wall. Keeping your legs in this position, count to 10. Repeat 6-8 times. You can do this exercise several times a day and before going to bed. Contrasting dousing of the shins and feet with alternately hot (38-40°C) and cool (18-20°C) water helps well. Finish dousing with warm water, and rub your feet well with a towel.

In conclusion, I would like to note that a healthy lifestyle, a balanced diet, taking multivitamin preparations and microelements, and moderate physical activity minimize the discomfort that can accompany a woman who is expecting a child and contribute to the physiological course of pregnancy.

Convulsions are an unpleasant phenomenon in and of themselves. During pregnancy, they often disturb a woman. But you should know that this is not the normal state of the pregnant body, but a bell that something is missing.

What are seizures?

Cramps are voluntary muscle contractions. In this case, a person feels a strong reducing pain in the lower leg and foot. In rare cases, other muscles of the legs, arms, and neck may also spasm. During a cramp, the sock is pulled out, as if a person, imitating a ballerina, wants to stand on his fingertips. In pregnant women, they occur mainly at night (during falling asleep) or in the morning (at the time of awakening). Usually, cramps are most pronounced in the middle of pregnancy, when the fetus is actively developing and its needs are growing.

Causes of seizures during pregnancy

The main cause of convulsions in pregnant women is recognized as a lack of microelements (primarily potassium, calcium and magnesium) and vitamins (in particular, vitamin B) in the body. If in the first trimester of pregnancy their shortage occurs as a result, accompanied by vomiting and a decrease in appetite, then in the second and third, as we have already said, due to the increased needs of a growing child.

In addition, contribute to the development of seizures and the use of a large number of drinks containing caffeine, including strong tea.

In the last trimester of pregnancy, the causes of calf cramps can be not only a lack of vitamins and minerals, but also. Sick veins of the lower extremities are not able to cope with the increased load, the blood begins to stagnate in them, and edema appears. Impaired blood circulation leads to the fact that the nutrition of the muscle is difficult: nutrients do not get in the right amount, the metabolic product is not completely excreted. All this serves as a favorable background for the development of seizures.

"Syndrome of the inferior vena cava" also contributes to the occurrence of cramps in the muscles of the legs. In this case, while lying down, the woman's uterus compresses the inferior vena cava. This leads to weak venous outflow, and, consequently, to calf cramps.

Improper use of diuretics (to relieve swelling) can provoke the effect of washing out minerals, which also causes muscle cramps.

First aid for cramps during pregnancy

When convulsions occur, it is necessary to ask outsiders for help. In principle, it is quite possible to do everything yourself. To do this, it is recommended to pull the muscle in which the spasm has developed. Do not panic: breathe calmly and deeply. If a cramp occurs in the calf muscle, pull your toes towards you. Repeat several times until the pain subsides. It is necessary to make the muscles, thereby warming it up and restoring blood circulation. You can pinch the calf muscle or prick with a sharp object (without breaking the integrity of the skin, of course). When you feel better, lie down with your legs elevated. This will ensure the outflow of blood and help to avoid repeated convulsions.

Keep in mind that cramps due to a lack of substances are no joke. For example, a magnesium deficiency affects not only the appearance of convulsions, but also lower back pain, an increase, sometimes a miscarriage occurs against this background.

How to treat this condition in pregnant women?

First, not on your own. See your doctor as soon as possible. If necessary, you will be assigned additional laboratory tests and will be advised to consult specialists (therapist, neuropathologist, endocrinologist). Usually, the doctor prescribes medications or vitamin complexes designed to make up for the deficiency of substances. If the examination does not determine anything serious, then the doctor will give some advice that alleviates the condition and is a preventive measure.

Second, you must keep in mind that:

To avoid cramps, pregnant women are not allowed to wear high-heeled shoes: a maximum of 4-5 cm.

If a pregnant woman is forced to stand for a long time, when a large load is placed on her legs, she must perform simple ones that will help normalize blood circulation in the calf muscles. To do this, you can alternately roll the foot from heel to toe and vice versa. You can simply rise up on your toes a few times and lower your foot back to the floor.

While resting, try to elevate your legs. You can do a foot massage, and the movements should be performed taking into account the direction of venous blood through the vessels of the lower extremities, that is, from the foot to the thigh.

In the case of varicose veins, it is necessary to wear special anti-varicose tights and stockings.

Take contrast showers more often.

Baths at room temperature with sea salt will be useful. To do this, dilute three tablespoons of salt in five liters of water.

Try to lead an active lifestyle: walk more often, do joint exercises for pregnant women, visit the pool.

Also, to prevent cramps in the calf muscles, it is recommended to wear woolen socks at night.

special diet

To prevent the occurrence of seizures or their recurrence, it is recommended to consume more than the body needs in this condition. As we have said, it is mainly potassium and magnesium.

Potassium is found in any product. The richest in them are: dried apricots and apricots, raisins, beets, melons, bananas, beans, potatoes, broccoli, beef liver,. Potassium can also be obtained from baked or boiled "in uniform" potatoes. The daily requirement of potassium for an adult is 4-5 grams.

Sources of calcium are dairy products, green leafy vegetables (broccoli, kale, turnip leaves, cauliflower, asparagus), egg yolks, all kinds of legumes, nuts, figs. Calcium supplements are best taken after a light meal.

A pregnant woman needs about 450 mg of magnesium daily. It is found in almost all foods. Particularly rich in magnesium are whole seeds, nuts, sunflower seeds, all legumes, green vegetables, carrots, green onions, and spinach.

You can quickly fill the glucose deficiency by using the so-called "simple carbohydrates". These are sugar, sweets, cakes.

Especially for- Ksenia Dakhno