Raising a new person as a patriot was raised. Fostering patriotism is an important task for teachers and parents in the development of younger schoolchildren. The main tasks of moral and patriotic education

The modern period, when society is preoccupied with an unstable economy, the establishment of market relations, and constantly emerging political cataclysms, is characterized by the destruction of social ties and the decline of moral principles. The same list includes problems of patriotic education of youth.

Patriotism does not arise out of nowhere; patriots are not born; they become one through a difficult process of development and personal formation. Attempts by parents to shift responsibility to teachers and educators, and the latter to return these reproaches to parents, only aggravate the situation. Everyone is responsible for the younger generation: the school, the statists who are comfortable without a clear “party policy,” and the kindergarten teachers.

To better understand the essence of the problems, we recommend that you read the previous material, where we wrote about.

The main problems of patriotic education:

1. Lack of spiritual and moral values ​​among young people.
2. Poor knowledge of culture and history.
3. Insufficient work of educators on military-civil topics.

Moral problems of society

Modern Russian society has been consumed not only by the economic crisis. It experiences spiritual and moral problems, which resulted in the destruction of value systems. The new “ideals” are largely destructive, destroying the individual, family, and state.

The geopolitical interests of Russia’s opponents lie in the further degradation of the people. Separatism in the national outskirts, inter-ethnic and inter-confessional conflicts are being stimulated, and ideals that are alien to our mentality and morality are being instilled in young people. National self-identification is under threat; the prospect for Russia is the destruction of cultural space.

The loss of life guidelines by teenagers is exploited by various kinds of religious sects, subcultures, and extremists. The origins of the crisis in the education system must be recognized as the lack of goals. Teachers have largely become managers providing educational services. No one helps children find answers to the “eternal questions” about who you are and what the meaning of life is. Previous theories of education have been rejected, new ones have not been created. The teacher training system falls on all fours; there are very few competent educators. Parents are busy earning a living, and there are more single-parent families. Schoolchildren are left to their own devices, communicating with dubious friends. Unhealthy tendencies to assert material values ​​over spiritual ones are developing and are fueled in every possible way by the media. Kindness, family values, citizenship, and patriotism are being replaced by alcoholism, intolerance towards each other at the everyday and national level, and criminal business schemes.

The healthy part of society understands that raising the younger generation is... But not only him. To overcome those negative trends that have already developed, it is necessary to quickly solve social and moral problems, which requires the active life position of each member of society, the mobilization and consolidation of the energy of parents and teachers. The nature of patriotism is not abstract; it is based on love for specific mothers, friends, a river, a street. Children are not born with a feeling of love or patriotism. All this should be taught to them by the adults who are nearby, first of all, through their own actions.

Our ancestors had no problems with patriotism

In times of crisis in history, society is forced to turn to the experience of past generations. Each time it turns out that everything that is most valuable and wise has long been invented and tested. The knowledge that humanity has accumulated “just” needs to be studied and used.

The problems of patriotic education became most acute in the post-Soviet period. Now many people perceive service as a duty, a loss of valuable years. In recent years, a lot has been done to raise the prestige of the Russian Army, but there is still a lot of work in this direction.

The origins of patriotism, the tasks of educators

Patriotism as a phenomenon originates along with statehood. During the period of Ancient Rus', it was expressed in loyalty and devout Orthodox faith. Patriots fought “for faith, the Tsar and the Fatherland,” “for the Motherland, for Stalin.” At any time, the patriotism of Russian people was expressed in love for their native nature. He has always been international. Numerous independent peoples stood up to defend the Motherland from conquerors, natural disasters, and when solving national economic problems.

Russian patriotism is distinguished by historical continuity and sovereignty. It is impossible to separate modernity from traditions, the conquests of past centuries. Just as Russia used to be a pillar of justice, high morality, and the hope of many peoples for protection and preservation, so now our country is perhaps the last stronghold responsible for the stability of current international relations.

Raising a patriot is a pressing pedagogical problem and should be considered at the state level. Due to weakening attention to this issue, prerequisites for the emergence of internal and external threats appear, the state loses in dynamic development, the quality of life of the population, and influence on world processes.

Patriotic education of preschoolers and schoolchildren is one of the parts of a comprehensive education, where priority is given to moral development. The moral values ​​of the modern younger generation should be based not only on personal interests, decent behavior, demanding attitude towards oneself, and respectful attitude towards others. Modern teenagers need to develop discipline, responsibility, caring, and integrity.

Preschool education and school should be based on reason and morality, help in value orientations, instill in a young person a sense of responsibility for the people, the state, and the preservation of moral principles.

The main ways of forming a sense of patriotism

The worldview of today's youth is distinguished by a fair amount of pragmatism. The main purpose of existence for many is the accumulation of material wealth and high status in society. Moreover, the opinion of that part of society is taken into account, for which the main criterion for success is material well-being, the ability to step to the top, regardless of the interests of other people.

In this regard, parents and teachers are faced with the task of introducing new methods and means into the educational process for the development of patriotic qualities in children. The modern approach should not be based on the invention of innovative methods. As mentioned above, you just need to remember the methods and techniques of previous generations and adapt them to today's realities.

Education of morality, morality

A moral person is characterized by his attitude towards people, work, the results of the work of other people, respect for representatives of other nations, his own culture, and the cultures of other nations. Society makes certain demands on the individual. A feature of moral education is that compliance with moral standards is voluntary. Punishment for non-compliance with accepted standards is “just” public censure.

The teacher’s task becomes to raise a person for whom the rules of behavior will become his own beliefs, an internal need. As they say, not for fear, but for conscience.

The universal value is life. Children should be convinced even at school that any encroachment on her is unacceptable. It is necessary to develop in children a sensitive attitude towards their own lives, towards the fundamental rights of other people. This is the foundation of future responsibility for children and elderly parents.

Children should not understand the right to freedom as permissiveness. Even at an early age, they need to be taught to distinguish between lack of discipline, permissiveness and freedom.

At a young age, pupils have to master the skills of obedience. But the educational process must be built in such a way that children in practice feel the whole negative of incorrect behavior, selfishness. The emphasis is not on the child himself, but on the bad that is in him, and the good that is to be developed.

Importance of knowledge of culture, history

For the formation of a conscious attitude towards the Motherland, its past and future in children, a solid base is needed, which is knowledge of the history, culture of the region where he was born, about songs and holidays, the feats of arms of great-grandfathers.

Educational schools should interact with museums and cultural institutions. For the education of true patriots, not only the beginning and end dates of the reigns of historical figures are important. It is important for preschoolers and schoolchildren to emotionally experience a historical moment while visiting a local history museum, to hold in their hands objects related to folk crafts and everyday life while preparing for a competition or exhibition. An indelible impression will be made not by reproductions of paintings from a school textbook, but by the true scale and colors of the works of I. Aivazovsky and I. Shishkin.

Young people themselves will come to the importance and necessity of participation in the life of society. The task of the educator is to instill love, give knowledge and understanding of culture, traditions, and history.

Training future defenders of the Fatherland

The military-patriotic aspect of education has a double effect. Those moral and psychological qualities that are embedded in a young man will be useful both in wartime and in peacetime. Courage, endurance, and strength of character are necessary not only for the defender of the Fatherland, but also for the engineer, doctor, and builder. Patience and strength are developed by campaigns, all kinds of competitions, and paramilitary events. Interest in military service is formed in the process of studying the operation of a motorcycle or tractor, becoming familiar with the profession of a dog handler or medical instructor.

Meetings with WWII veterans, watching films, participating in memorable events associated with significant dates - all this brings young people to an awareness of their role in serving the Fatherland, to the conviction of the need to protect it.

Patriotism combines spirituality, citizenship, and is inherent only in a socially active person. A true citizen is not brought up through education alone; the younger generation must be socialized. Not only a specific person, but also the well-being of the entire society depends on the results of all these processes in the future. The creators of the educational system are parents, teachers, the entire people in the aggregate of previous and current generations.

Maria Soboleva

How to raise a patriot?

Is it possible to raise patriots out of modern children, and how relevant is this today? At what age should patriotic education begin, what is the role of the family, kindergarten, school? How to teach a child to love his country, know history, respect traditions - this will be discussed in our article.

Young patriots - we teach to love the Motherland

The understanding of patriotism does not come by itself. A child must be taught to love his homeland from an early kindergarten age.

It all starts with family. It is the parents who teach their children the basics of patriotism - love for loved ones, for nature, interest in the world around them, in folk art, teach them to work and respect for elders.

First of all, parents themselves must be patriotic, which, unfortunately, cannot be said about many young people.
Then patriotic education falls entirely on the shoulders of educators and teachers.

What can you teach kindergarten-aged children?

Younger preschoolers should know the next of kin, who their mom and dad work for, and help adults around the house. Toddlers learn to give their address, to know in which city and in which country they live.

Children of middle preschool age should already know more about the history of their family, about the professions of their parents. The children understand that they need to protect the environment. They know the sights of their locality.

Older preschoolers know more about their country - they can name the president, they are familiar with the symbols of the state, with the holidays that are celebrated in the country. They are taught folk traditions and introduced to prominent people of their country.

Patriotic education of children

Patriotic education of preschoolers takes place not only in specific classes on various topics: “My home”, “My family”, “Our kindergarten”, “Our city”, “Holidays of my country”, etc.

The kid learns something new every day, so it is important both at home and in kindergarten to constantly unobtrusively focus on some points.

Walking with the baby - pay attention to the flower bed, neatly trimmed bushes and tell us who cares for them, why do this (so that it would be beautiful on our street).

We took a walk on the new playground - explain to the child that children are taken care of in your city, more and more places are being equipped where children can play. And also be sure to remind you that you need to take care of everything that is made by human hands.

Along the way, talk about your professions. We saw a janitor - explain the importance of his work, everyone likes it when it's clean around.

Talk about the activities that the baby can understand - about the work of a bus driver, a seller in a store, a doctor in a clinic, a kindergarten teacher.

Professional games are very popular among children; they can be played both at home and in the garden.

Children are introduced to folk art from a very early age. Nursery rhymes, sayings, jokes, fairy tales - the baby hears all this from the first days of his life.

Three-year-old children already need to be taught to understand who their ancestors are, what nationality they are, how many folk songs, tales, and dances there are. Learn them with your kids, organize concerts and invite relatives.

Patriotic education - it all starts with the family

Teach your children to family traditions - on March 8, we make sure to give gifts to mother, grandmothers, sister, and aunt. At Easter, we go to church to bless Easter cakes and visit relatives. At Christmas we go to visit our godparents, on Victory Day we go to the parade and lay flowers at the monuments to fallen soldiers.

Already at preschool age, children should know a lot about their loved ones and respect their grandparents.

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Why does a person need patriotic feelings? For what we need to cultivate patriotism? The answer is simple: we need our homeland just like we need our family. It is important for a child to know his origins both from his parents and from his people. Gradually learning the history of the country, especially its glorious pages, he will be proud of it, just as a child is proud of strong, intelligent parents, feeling protected thanks to them. And if mothers and fathers want their children to love their land, they should start with themselves. You need to conduct an “audit” of your feelings for your homeland, raise your own warm feelings from the depths of your soul: pride in the achievements of your compatriots, interest in the history of your hometown and the whole country. Think about what is wonderful and truly great that your heart responds to.

This does not mean that we need to put on “rose-colored glasses” and not notice the shortcomings that exist in any state. However, a small child does not need to know about them yet. He should form a positive picture of the world around him, without unnecessary fears and uncertainty. True, you shouldn’t start a serious conversation out of nowhere, just like that. “Beautiful” words about patriotism without reference to some event mean nothing to a child and will quickly disappear from his head. Therefore, it is better to take advantage of a worthy occasion.

For example, Victory Day is widely celebrated in May. It is simply impossible not to notice him. The parade and ceremonial fireworks will not leave any child indifferent. The kid needs to explain what kind of celebration this is. But taking into account age. For the little ones, it’s enough to say something like this: “Many years ago, our land, our city, was attacked by enemies. But our brave soldiers drove away the invaders. It was very difficult, so every year we remember their feat, this is how we express our respect to them.” You can talk in more detail with older children: talk about military equipment, home front workers, brave pioneer heroes, go to the regional museum of military glory. Focus on monuments. For example: “Look, here is a memorial plaque with many names written on it. Can you imagine that there were battles very close to our house? So, these people, whose names are written on the board, fought here for our region. They were scared, but they defended their homes, their relatives and even strangers.” It is worth adding that veterans (those who fought) are now very old. You can please them (for example, give them a bouquet of tulips or carnations; write a congratulation in a handmade card).

In Russia and Europe there are many legendary monuments dedicated to the heroes of the Second World War. These monuments can be shown to your child on the Internet, in a book or on a postcard: these are “Motherland” in Volgograd, “Alyosha” in Plovdiv, “Warrior-Liberator” in Berlin, etc. Visual impression is important for children of any age.

How to educate patriotism in children: younger group (3–4 years)

Kids have a rich imagination and a great desire to learn something. The most important thing for adults is not to bore children with facts. Everything that can be used to instill patriotic feelings should be interesting, bright, emotional.

• Family history. The very first thing parents can do to awaken patriotism is to introduce their child to the history of their own family: where their ancestors came from, where they lived, who they worked for, what they were interested in, what they achieved and what they dreamed of. Photos or things left over from those times will be a great addition to the story. The feeling that you are related to a large family, where there were people worthy of respect before you, will fill the child’s soul with pride. No less valuable are family traditions passed on from generation to generation. For example, getting everyone together on Victory Day or baking a cake for major holidays. When the baby grows up, it will be interesting for him to create a family tree of his family together with his parents (at least up to his great-grandparents). The fate of our ancestors is our involvement in the fate of the country.
• : cities and streets From an early age you can begin to cultivate an interest in your native land. The kid will be curious to know what the name of the street on which he lives is connected with, why and how his city or village got its name. And it’s up to the adult to talk about it in accessible language. It is equally important to tell your child about famous fellow countrymen and their merits, and to go together to the monuments erected in their honor. Or you can simply show a portrait of a local hero and talk about him. The baby will be pleased to feel that he is related to such people, at least by the fact that he lives in the same place where they are.
• Acquaintance with folklore and folk crafts. Beautiful books with Russian folk tales, good cartoons, cute traditional toys - all this will captivate the child and help him respect his country. What books, films or cartoons children will have is up to parents to decide. But there are those that children really need. For example, a collection of cartoon films “Mountain of Gems”, created based on fairy tales of different nationalities inhabiting Russia. Before each episode there is a small screensaver that talks about the history and significance of the city or region from whose folklore the fairy tale is taken. It is done so captivatingly and beautifully that it captures the attention of both children and adults.

How to instill patriotism in children: senior group (5–6 years old)

The baby is growing up, and all the topics that were discussed earlier - genealogy, history of his native land and folk art - acquire depth for him. New ones are added to them, interesting and understandable at this age.

• Legends about attractions. A temple, an old house, a bridge, a lake or a river will not be remembered by a child or will merge in his mind with others, unless the impression is reinforced with an entertaining story. It can be a legend or a childhood memory of one of the parents, a scientifically established or controversial historical fact, the main thing is that it should be interesting. For example, like this: In Pskov there is an old building with a strange name: "Pogankin's chambers." One of the legends says that once upon a time there lived a man in an old hut. He made barrels for sale, that is, he was a cooper. But few barrels were bought, and the cooper was very poor. One day he was sitting in his little hut, working. Suddenly a rat ran past him. The Bondar got angry, grabbed the first thing he could get his hands on and threw it at the rat. I came up to see: did I hit it or not? And I saw a treasure - a pile of gold coins. Having become rich, the first thing the cooper did was build magnificent chambers. They were nicknamed "Pogankins" because the money received in such a mysterious way was considered bad. Trips. You don’t have to travel far; you can go to a neighboring city for one day. But adults should prepare in advance for the trip, find objects that may be of interest to the child. And create an itinerary. In Veliky Novgorod there is a pedestrian bridge over the Volkhov River, and next to the bridge there is a sculpture “Tired Tourist” - a girl who took off her shoes and sat down to rest. There is a belief: if you put a coin in a shoe, you will definitely return to Veliky Novgorod. If you walk further along the embankment, you will see a smiling bear sitting on a bench. The legend says: he came to the city from a dense forest, wanted to meet the Novgorodians and was very pleased with them. The bear did not want to go back to the forest; he decided to stay and is now making the city residents and its guests happy. You can sit down next to him and “chat” with the clubfoot.
• Space odyssey. Children love stories about space, and our country has something to be proud of in this regard. You can tell your child about the first spaceships and astronauts, or watch with him the stars and satellites blinking in the night sky, go to the Museum of Cosmonautics or the Planetarium for an age-appropriate program, or watch an educational film at home.
• How to educate patriotism in children: themed games. Toddlers learn best through play. You can prepare the following activities with picture cards: “Getting to know the coat of arms of your hometown,” “Travel on the map,” “Find your flag,” “Moscow is the capital of our homeland.”

Of course, it will take some effort from adults to instill patriotism in children, but then the kid will amaze everyone with his erudition. It is important for a child to have a positive attitude towards his country, to be proud of its heroes, to understand what good they have done. This way he will have moral guidelines that will help him determine what is good and what is bad. This inspires and also gives the preschooler a state of inner peace and certainty.

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Municipal educational institution "Suntar gymnasium"

EDUCATION OF A CITIZEN - A PATRIOT

social studies and law teacher

Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………… 3

1. Core concepts of patriotism…………………………………………….4

2. Activities of educating a citizen - a patriot………… 5

Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………….9

References……………………………………………………………………… 10

Today, the problem of educating a citizen - a patriot of Russia has come to the fore, because “today for Russia there is no more important idea than patriotism.” In order to raise a conscious, responsible citizen of Russia, capable and ready to live for the sake of its prosperity and development, patriotic education is necessary as a holistic process, the basis of which should be pedagogy, focused on the education of patriotism.

Patriotic education is a holistic educational process, the essence of which is love for the Motherland; in the course and as a result of this process, the formation and development of the patriotic orientation of the individual, his patriotic self-awareness, patriotic vision of the world occurs on the basis of mastering the intellectual, moral, legal and political culture of Russia, the culture of interethnic relations and familiarization with world culture; development and consolidation of a conscious desire to live for the Motherland, to give it one’s knowledge, talent, work, creativity; developing the readiness and ability to stand up for its interests at the right time.

Patriotism as a concept:

Love to motherland;

Integral manifestation of social consciousness and self-consciousness;

Conscious desire and ability to live for the Motherland;

Socio-political principle of Russian statehood.

The purpose of patriotic education: education of a citizen-patriot of the Motherland, master of the intellectual, moral, legal and political culture of Russia and the world, the culture of interethnic relations, a creator and creator-transformer, capable and ready for self-organization and self-education, able to adapt to any life situation, possessing a conscious desire and developed ability to live for the Motherland, for the people, capable and ready to stand up for the defense of the Fatherland.

Main goals:

· To form a patriotic worldview through mastering a knowledge system in the learning process, to develop the cognitive activity of schoolchildren.

· To form and develop in different pedagogical situations the patriotic orientation of the personality of schoolchildren, carried out in different spheres of life, types of activities and in the entire spectrum of relationships.

· Form and develop the civic and national self-awareness of schoolchildren in different pedagogical situations.

· Contribute to the formation and development of an active life position in schoolchildren, the ability to apply acquired knowledge about nature and society in their practical collective creative activities.

· Create conditions for the implementation of the principles of a healthy lifestyle in society.

1. Core concepts of patriotism.

They are: FAMILY - SCHOOL - HOMELAND - MEMORY.

Family- is a necessary component of the social structure of any society, performing many social functions. It plays an important role in social development. Generations of people change through the family, in it the “production” of the person himself, the continuation of the family, takes place. In the family, primary socialization and upbringing of children take place until they reach civil maturity, and the responsibility to take care of old, disabled members of society is also largely realized. The family is also a unit of everyday life organization and an important consumer unit. In addition, the family acts as one of the main objects of social policy. Now parents are starting to think seriously about raising their children, providing them with a decent level of education and upbringing, and caring for their health. There is a need to revive all the best that has been accumulated in family education over the past years, and to create a new system of family education, interaction between family and school, and pedagogical education of parents.

School, which in recent decades has identified the process of knowledge transfer as its main task, has actually withdrawn from solving the problems of education. And today the problem of education has come to the fore. A citizen and a patriot begin at school: before becoming a citizen and patriot of the Motherland, a student must learn to be a citizen and patriot of his school, know and honor its history and traditions, build humane relationships with teachers and classmates, actively participate in all the affairs and activities of the school, contribute to the formation of a moral climate at school, develop their cognitive activity.

Motherland– a concept that combines all aspects of life, the entire spectrum of a student’s relationship to the world around him. It is important that all these relationships (to the Motherland, to people, nature, culture, work, the team, to oneself) have a patriotic orientation, and the core of these relationships is the ideal of the Motherland, a conscious desire and developed ability to live for one’s country.

Memory- the most important component of patriotic education, it reflects the connection between generations, their continuity, the desire to learn the history of our Motherland, its military and labor achievements and pride in these achievements, respect for the older generation as the bearer of the traditions of the people. This concept includes a caring attitude towards veterans, respect for the memory of those who died in battles for their homeland, and care for memorial monuments. Memory contributes to the revival and creation of museums as guardians of this memory. Each family begins to realize the need to study its pedigree, family traditions, and labor dynasties. All this gives rise in the hearts of younger generations a feeling of pride for their great Motherland, admiration for the exploits of older generations, and a respectful and caring attitude towards them.

2. Types of activities in educating a citizen - a patriot.

Military sports, tourism

Activities

Public

Leisure

Labor,

production

Family and household

1. Educational activities.

In history, social studies and law lessons, students become familiar with the basic laws of the state, the political culture of society, political parties and their programs. Here they think about the fate of the country and the world. A patriotic worldview and a patriotic vision of the world are being formed.

2. Leisure activities.

Excursions to museums, sights of the native land, excursion trips to other places, trips to cultural and historical monuments are of enormous educational importance. And the student must make his first trip around his own country. Getting to know the history of the Motherland, its monuments, cultural achievements is always the joy of never-ending discovery of something new.

3. Military sports, tourism activities.

Military field training and military-patriotic games develop the readiness and ability to defend the Fatherland, where the need to fulfill military duty and the formation of a positive image of the Russian Army appear in the minds of future soldiers. They also develop a sense of belonging to the great heroic past of Russia and respect for the generation of war veterans.

Conversations, excursions, classes “State symbols of Russia”, “Moscow is the capital of our homeland”, “Ancient cities with glorious craftsmen” allow me to introduce children to the capital of our homeland - Moscow and other cities of Russia, famous Russians. By introducing children to the state symbols of the country and hometown, I instill respect for the flag, coat of arms and anthem of our country and hometown. Didactic games: “Find your flag”, “Find out where I am”, “Find out the coat of arms of your city” help to form civic and patriotic feelings: love and respect for your country, for your hometown, awareness of personal involvement in the life of the Motherland. In class and in my free time, I read to children works about heroes who defended our Motherland at different times. I am talking about the difficult but honorable duty of every citizen - to defend the Motherland, to protect its peace and security.

By organizing sports events and entertainment dedicated to the defenders of the Fatherland (“Heroic Fun”, “Defender of the Fatherland Day”, “The Glory Will Not Silence These Days”), where children really play military, march, sing military songs, listen to stories of war veterans and paratroopers from the garrison stationed in our city, I help children feel positive emotions and a sense of belonging to the great memorable events of the country.

Reading works about the war, looking at reproductions of the paintings “Defense of Sevastopol”, “Rest after the battle”, I tell the children about how cold it was for the soldiers to lie day and night in the trenches; how they wanted to go home, to their family, but they had a sacred duty - to protect their Motherland, mothers, children, and they could not do otherwise. I tell children about the thousands of soldiers who died during the war, about mass graves, about the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier at the Kremlin wall, where millions of people from all over the world come to worship, I explain to children the meaning of the words “Russia is great, but there is nowhere to retreat,” “there is no mortal combat.” for the sake of glory - for the sake of life on Earth." Heroism, courage, perseverance, readiness to perform a feat for the sake of the Motherland - these characteristic features of the Russian person are understandable to children and invariably make them want to imitate the soldiers, to be the same as them.

Love for nature is one of the manifestations of love for the Motherland. I constantly make observations that develop interest in nature, teach me to notice changes and establish their causes. In classes and in everyday life, I give children a variety of knowledge about the nature of our country, I use illustrations and paintings by Russian artists about our native nature, accompanied by reading poetic works, which is the most valuable means of nurturing love for our native nature. During walks and excursions, I show the charm of the landscape, teach to appreciate the varied beauty, because all this fosters the ability to aesthetically understand the world around us, to have a careful, poetic attitude towards the nature of our native land. This is facilitated by speech development classes, literary and musical entertainment, fine arts classes “Russian Birch Festival”, “Native Russian Field”, “Golden Autumn”, “How a Shirt Grew in a Field”, “Autumn Fair”, “Holy Tree” , help”, drawing competitions “Golden Autumn in the Forest”, “There was a birch tree in the field”, crafts competition “Gifts of Autumn”.

I introduce children to the life and traditions of the Russian people, I try to arouse interest in the original Russian traditions: hospitality, honoring parents. I actively introduce nursery rhymes, riddles, proverbs and sayings, and chants into children’s speech. Children really enjoy meeting the heroes of epics - heroes; this forms their idea of ​​folk culture, its richness and beauty, and teaches them to appreciate folk wisdom. I instill in children a need for the Russian language, folk music, and fairy tales. Plunging into the world of fairy tales, every child learns about the world not only with his mind, but also with his heart; Using the examples of fairy-tale heroes, children learn to distinguish between good and evil, which contributes to the assimilation of moral and ethical standards of behavior.

While learning Russian folk songs, ditties, chants that sound like a gentle talk, expressing care, tenderness, and faith in a prosperous future, I noticed that children’s aggressiveness decreases, a feeling of sympathy awakens in them, and a positive emotional atmosphere is created. Reading folk proverbs and sayings to the children: “The native side is a cradle, the foreign side is a leaky trough”, “He is the hero who fights hard for his homeland”, “The bullet is afraid of the brave, but the bayonet does not take the brave”, “If you hurry, you make people laugh,” I explain to the children that the people keenly noticed various positions in life and ridiculed human shortcomings, but always praised positive qualities. By introducing children to Russian ritual holidays, which were once part of the work and life of the Russian people, I give children the opportunity to get acquainted with the history of the people, their way of life and folk wisdom: “Broad Maslenitsa”, “Christmas gatherings”, “Carols”, round dances and the dances lovingly sang the ant grass, curly birch, blooming viburnum, and azure flowers.

Russian folk games are also of great interest to children, in which they can show ingenuity, curiosity, dexterity, and a sense of camaraderie. In the Young Russians group, I teach children how to make rag Russian dolls, which have a centuries-old history. Twist dolls, roll-up dolls, straw dolls, and hand-made thread dolls bring children sincere joy.

“The beauty of the native land, revealed through fairy tales, imagination, and creativity, is the source of love for the Motherland. Understanding and feeling the greatness and power of the Motherland comes to a person gradually and has beauty as its sources” - these words of V. A. Sukhomlinsky most accurately reflect the task of the educator and parents - to awaken in a growing person a love for his native land as early as possible, to form from the first steps the child has character traits that will help him become a person and a citizen of society, cultivate love and respect for his home, kindergarten, home street, city; a sense of pride in the achievements of one’s country, love and respect for the army, pride in the courage of soldiers; develop interest in the phenomena of social life accessible to the child.

Used Books:

1. Knyazeva O. L, Makhaneva M. D. Introducing children to the origins of Russian folk culture. Program. Educational and methodological manual. 2nd ed. St. Petersburg Childhood-Press. 1998.
2. Pimenova I.K. , Rossokha I.N. The birth of Rus'. A manual for developmental education - M. ZAO Publishing House EXPO-Press. 1998.
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