Fibrinogen norms for pregnant women in different trimesters. High fibrinogen in pregnant women is an alarming signal. The norm of fibrinogen in a pregnant woman

The human body has many protective processes that allow us to survive in an aggressive environment.

One example of such protection is the blood coagulation system. Without it, any scratch would be deadly. But without wounds and abrasions, children do not grow up, and adults are not protected from minor household injuries.

Proper functioning of the coagulation system is extremely important in such a crucial period as pregnancy.

The coagulation system is quite complex, the process of thrombus formation goes through several stages and certain proteins are involved in each. But to assess the general condition and risk factors, it is enough to control only the main blood parameters.

One of the important control parameters is the colorless protein fibrinogen.

Normally, it is simply dissolved in the blood, but when the coagulation system is activated, it breaks down, forming a fibrin monomer. Further, in the process of polymerization, fibrin filaments form a "tangle" invisible to the eye, which stops bleeding. Its quality and density determine how quickly the bleeding stops.

Why control fibrinogen during pregnancy?

During pregnancy, the amount of circulating blood increases, some biochemical processes in the body change.

All this can lead to a change in the rheological properties of blood (its "fluidity"), and affects the rate of thrombus formation.

How the body of a pregnant woman will react to the ongoing changes - no doctor can predict. We can talk about the tendency of a particular patient to increase fibrinogen or, conversely, to thin the blood.

You can also rely on the presence of chronic diseases or the experience of previous pregnancies. But the real state of the blood is shown only by tests carried out in accordance with the pregnancy calendar. A woman must understand their necessity.

At the same time, it is not at all necessary that every pregnant woman is faced with a clotting disorder. The analysis will show whether the data obtained are a variant of the norm, or additional control is required, taking medications for the successful completion of the pregnancy.

What analysis should be done?

There is no separate analysis for fibrinogen, but all pregnant women undergo a coagulogram or a hemostasiogram to monitor the state of the blood coagulation system. During this study, the level of fibrinogen will also be determined.

For analysis, venous blood is taken from the patient on an empty stomach. It is desirable that the analysis was not preceded by stress or significant physical exertion. If a woman has not given up smoking, it is important to know that you cannot smoke 30-40 minutes before the analysis.

After blood sampling, the liquid part, plasma, is separated from it in laboratory conditions, and it is this plasma that is examined for the content of fibrinogen.

In the arsenal of modern physicians there are test systems for determining the amount of fibrinogen in various ways: optical, weight, immunochemical, a colorimetric (color) method is also possible.

The methods are based on the refraction of a light beam, characteristic of each type of molecules, their mass and types of interaction with chemical reagents. The results are accurate and allow you to reliably judge the possible changes in blood quality.

Fibrinogen rates in different trimesters: table by week of pregnancy

The level of fibrinogen changes with the development of pregnancy. In the beginning, it may be slightly lower than before pregnancy, and by the last months it rises noticeably. This will protect the woman from heavy blood loss during childbirth.

Normal fibrinogen levels for adults are in the range of 1.8–3.5 g/L. But during pregnancy, the following fluctuations can be observed:

What are dangerous deviations from the norm?

In the first weeks of pregnancy, with an increase in circulating blood volume, slight fluid retention, and hormonal changes that have begun in the body, fibrinogen may decrease.

In addition, this mechanism allows you to reduce blood viscosity, thereby improving the blood supply to the fetus, and further maintaining placental blood flow.

By the end of pregnancy, fibrinogen, on the contrary, increases. This protective mechanism avoids blood loss during childbirth or.

However, sometimes the regulatory mechanisms work “too hard”: in an attempt to protect the mother, blood clotting increases significantly, or for the sake of the unborn baby, it is unnecessarily reduced. In this case, there may be a threat to the normal course of pregnancy.

Elevated fibrinogen levels

Causes.

Toxemia or inflammatory and infectious diseases of the mother can lead to an increase in fibrinogen.

These are situations when there is an excessive loss of fluid and, accordingly, a decrease in its content in the blood plasma. It is important to monitor the timely replenishment of fluid in the body.

In addition, the reason for the increase in fibrinogen may be frequent stress or excessive exercise. The body's defense system perceives them as a threat to pregnancy and, allowing, to strive to protect the woman from blood loss ahead of time.

Dangerous consequences.

Under the influence of pregnancy hormones, vascular tone decreases. In the case of an increased level of fibrinogen, the risk of thrombosis also increases. The consequence may be, or a complication that is critical for the life of the mother - blockage of the pulmonary artery. Thrombi can also form in the placenta, while the nutrition and breathing of the fetus worsens, or occurs.

Decreased fibrinogen level

Causes

A decrease in the level of fibrinogen in pregnant women is less common than an increase. However, there are also a number of reasons for the downgrade. Fibrinogen is synthesized in the liver and from there enters the bloodstream. Malnutrition due to toxicosis or changes in the taste preferences of a pregnant woman can lead to an exacerbation of gastrointestinal diseases. This, in turn, can lead to a decrease in fibrinogen synthesis.

Chronic diseases, such as or a tumor process (even a benign one) can also be the cause of a decrease in fibrinogen.

Dangerous Consequences

With the growth of the fetus and placenta, the physical load on the vessels and tissues of the mother increases. With reduced fibrinogen, the risk of internal bleeding or hemorrhage into the placenta increases.

An additional danger is fraught with the DIC syndrome arising as a response to bleeding: when, as a protective reaction, clotting in small vessels sharply increases, but at the same time, clotting factors are not enough to stop bleeding from large highways.

Such situations require immediate treatment in a hospital.

Therapy Methods

It is important to remember that a high (or low) fibrinogen level is not enough to make a diagnosis! But this is a reason for the doctor to prescribe additional studies. These may be more extensive blood tests to assess the blood supply to the fetus.

It may be necessary to revise the drugs taken due to chronic diseases, or prescribe vitamins to the pregnant woman, adjust the diet. With minor deviations from the norm, cranberries or black currants, citrus fruits, and beet juice will help reduce blood viscosity.

Monitoring the level of fibrinogen at each stage of pregnancy is necessary to assess the correct course of pregnancy. But even deviations in the concentration of this important protein from the norm are not always a cause for concern. By following the doctor's recommendations, you can correct blood clotting, avoid serious complications.

Fibrinogen is a protein produced by the liver. In medicine, it is considered the first factor in the blood-clotting system. Fibrinogen, after exposure to certain components of blood coagulation, turns into fibrin with an active mode of existence.

This fibrin is the basis of a thrombus - a blood clot. Such a thrombus, which was formed on the basis of fibrin, enters a clot of other elements of blood coagulation, is compacted by them, and contracts. This process helps the process of blockage of the damaged vessel. Based on all this, it becomes clear that it is fibrinogen that is the basis for the formation of a whole chain of the blood coagulation system.

Changes in a woman's body occur with the onset of pregnancy. They do not bypass the blood coagulation system. The restructuring of all processes in this system is necessary to maintain balance in the hemostasis system, the main one when bleeding stops.

Hemostasis consists of two elements: the blood coagulation system and the blood anticoagulation system. For the normal functioning of the whole organism as a whole, it is the balance between them that is important. If for any reason the balance between these two elements of the hemostasis system is violated, pregnancy can get very unpleasant consequences in the form of complications. The level of fibrinogen, an important component of the hemostasis system, can only be determined using specialized tests.

Method for the study of fibrinogen

First of all, to determine the level of fibrinogen, a laboratory test for blood clotting is performed. This study is called - or (a less detailed analysis than a hemostasiogram). This test, in addition to fibrinogen, makes it possible to determine several more important indicators of hemostasis.

To determine the level of fibrinogen, venous blood is taken for analysis. It is necessary to take the analysis on an empty stomach (not earlier than twelve hours after eating). Within two hours before the delivery of this analysis, it is necessary to exclude physical activity. And forty minutes before donating venous blood, it is important to exclude smoking.

The walls of the test tube into which the laboratory assistant places the collected blood of a pregnant woman are treated in advance with a saline solution of citric acid. This procedure is necessary in order to prevent blood clot clotting. Plasma, its liquid part, is isolated from the collected blood. Fibrinogen is examined in blood plasma. And it is determined by different methods in the form of test systems.

These include:

optical methods for determining fibrinogen;
color or colorimetric methods;
weight methods:
immunochemical.

Fibrinogen indicators and their significance

In the normal state of the body, that is, outside of pregnancy, the rate of fibrinogen in the blood is from two to four grams per liter. As the fetus develops in the womb, protein levels increase. This is especially noticeable in the third trimester.

Various factors can influence the increase or decrease in fibrinogen in the blood. For example, its level increases significantly with stroke, myocardial infarction, burns, acute inflammation, malignant tumors, and taking hormone-based contraceptives. And the level of fibrinogen decreases, and significantly, in hepatic diseases such as hepatitis or cirrhosis, DIC, malnutrition and severe.

Normal fibrinogen values during pregnancy

During pregnancy, the entire blood coagulation system of a woman works to prepare the body for childbirth. Indeed, during natural childbirth, a woman can have blood loss in the amount of two hundred and fifty - three hundred milliliters, with a cesarean section, these figures double, and already, if complications of labor occur, the bill can go to liters.

By the end of pregnancy, fibrinogen levels can reach six milligrams per liter of blood. This is due to the formation of a new, second circle of blood circulation - uteroplacental. And the purpose of this is to reduce blood loss during childbirth.

So, the first trimester of pregnancy normally fibrinogen should be approximately 2.98 g / l. This is somewhat below the norm, but the state of toxicosis of a pregnant woman is always taken into account. Second trimester - fibrinogen begins to rise, and is usually 3.1 g / l. AND the third trimester is characterized by a significant increase in this protein - from 4.95 to 6 g / l.

If the numbers deviate in one direction or another from the above norms, the doctor usually suspects some kind of pathology during pregnancy. This means that disturbances occur in the blood coagulation system.

Fibrinogen increase

When the level of fibrinogen in a pregnant woman rises, this may indicate various pathologies that occur in the body. For example, acute inflammation or infectious diseases, such as influenza or pneumonia, tissue death can contribute to this.

The consequences of an extremely high level of fibrinogen in the blood can be the saddest: spontaneous miscarriage, infertility, non-developing pregnancies, premature placental abruption, thrombosis of the umbilical cord vessels, preeclampsia, thrombophlebitis in the mother.

The most serious complication of pregnancy can be pulmonary thrombosis, which will lead to mortality. To prevent this disease, a pregnant woman needs to do a hemostasiogram several times throughout her pregnancy. And if at the beginning of pregnancy this study will reflect the initial level of fibriogen (of course, other markers of blood clotting), then at the end of pregnancy, this indicator will be used to judge how ready the body of the expectant mother is for natural childbirth, and whether there is a serious threat of thrombosis.

In the event that the results of the hemostasiogram do not fully satisfy the doctor, he may prescribe additional tests for the woman to determine the level of D-dimers, blood clotting time, various other clotting factors, and the amount of specific antibodies.

If the deviations from the permissible norm are not very large, the doctor may simply prescribe more advanced tests and another hemostasiogram to control. As a rule, in this case, the level of fibrinogen is brought back to normal by taking large doses of B-group vitamins, folic acid, scanty doses of aspirin and various antiplatelet agents.

When the level of this type of protein in the blood is seriously and significantly impaired, the woman is referred for a consultation with a hematologist. And further pregnancy management is carried out immediately by two specialist doctors - a gynecologist and a hematologist.

And besides, childbirth should take place in specialized departments of clinics, under the strict supervision of professionals.

Decrease in fibrinogen

A decrease in the level of fibrinogen in the blood of a pregnant woman is usually associated with severe late toxicosis. Toxicosis itself can be caused by DIC, a deficiency of vitamin C B12. And if the level of fibrinogen is greatly underestimated, the development of hypofibrinogenemia is quite likely. True, it is worth noting that such a problem as a decrease in the level of fibrinogen rarely occurs among pregnant women.

The main reason for the decrease in the level of this type of protein is severe vomiting, the attacks of which can reach twenty-five times a day. Especially often this can happen in the early stages of pregnancy, during the period of toxicosis. Toxicosis of such intensity, the last degree of severity, necessarily requires treatment in a hospital.

The second reason for the decrease in fibrinogen in the blood of a pregnant woman is DIC of the last degree of severity, which, in turn, can develop against the background of such pathologies as massive bleeding, severe intoxication, traumatic operations, burns, various infectious diseases, amniotic fluid embolism, errors in time of blood transfusion and eclampsia.

Such patients may develop severe external or internal bleeding, and the fight against them, as a rule, does not bring any result, except for death. But, it is encouraging that in obstetrics such cases are extremely rare, and resuscitators and transfusiologists are involved in saving the mother's life.

The risk of severe complications with a reduced or increased level of fibrinogen in the blood will be the lower, the more carefully a woman follows all the recommendations and advice of doctors - a gynecologist and a hematologist. Today, thanks to advancing technologies and numerous knowledge, modern doctors help healthy babies to be born safely, even in the most critical situations.

Therefore, any expectant mother should know that the well-being and health of her unborn child directly depends on her well-being and health. And an analysis that allows you to determine the level of fibrinogen in the blood is a mandatory procedure, or, if I may say so, an obligatory stage of prenatal diagnosis. And moreover, this is one of the effective ways to eliminate possible risks of a certain nature, for the normal bearing and birth of a healthy baby.

One of the most important indicators that doctors constantly study when a woman carries a baby is fibrinogen. It is a protein that plays an important role in the process of blood clotting. Fibrinogen is produced by liver cells, after entering the blood, it is converted into fibrin (under the influence of thrombin). The rate of fibrinogen during pregnancy is of great importance for both the woman and the fetus. After all, the formation of blood clots, which reduce blood loss during childbirth, occurs precisely due to fibrin.

So, fibrinogen turns into insoluble fibrin, which during blood coagulation is the basis of a clot.

Method for determining fibrinogen

A blood clotting test is called a hemostasiogram or coagulogram. It determines fibrinogen and other rather important indicators of hemostasis. Most often, venous blood is used for this.

In order for the test result to be as accurate as possible, the patient needs:

Be sure to plan blood donation on an empty stomach (the last meal no later than 12 hours before the study).
Eliminate stress and physical activity a few hours before the planned delivery.

The laboratory assistant draws blood with a syringe and places it in a test tube, the walls of which were previously treated with a solution of citric acid salt. This is done to prevent clot clotting. Further, plasma (its liquid part) must be removed from the received blood - it is in it that fibrinogen is examined. In laboratories, fibrinogen is determined by various methods:

immunochemical;
color (colorimetric);
optical;
by weight.

If the pregnancy proceeds normally, then for the entire period of pregnancy, a blood coagulation test is carried out three times. The first examination is performed when the expectant mother is registered, but this period should be no more than 12 weeks of pregnancy. This is a starting point that influences the frequency of future reviews. With normal results, the coagulogram is next performed at 25–26 weeks of gestation.

Indicators of the norm of fibrinogen during pregnancy

Pregnancy is one of the physiological reasons for the increase in fibrinogen. During this difficult period, a complete restructuring of the body of the expectant mother takes place so that pregnancy and childbirth proceed safely. A woman loses about 250-300 ml of blood during physiological childbirth and about 750 ml - during caesarean section. In the case of pathological childbirth and complications in the postpartum period, liters of blood loss are possible. Therefore, the blood coagulation system in every way prepares the body for future childbirth. Nature immediately protects him from possible excessive blood loss. So, as a result of this, there is a slight increase in fibrinogen during pregnancy. Its normal indicators in non-pregnant women are 2-3 g / l. In expectant mothers, the amount of fibrinogen gradually changes every 3 months. So, the following indicators are considered the norm:

1st trimester - 2.98 - 3.1 g / l;
2nd trimester - 3.1 - 3.3 g / l;
3rd trimester - 5-6 g / l.

As the birth approaches, this figure increases. If fibrinogen is elevated during pregnancy or vice versa, it is lowered, the doctor prescribes appropriate treatment, after which a control determination of the indicator is carried out. If its deviation from the norm is noted, then in the future the frequency of analyzes increases.

Causes and consequences of an increase in fibrinogen in the early stages

Although for the expectant mother a slight increase in the level of fibrinogen in the blood is the norm, the excess of these indicators indicates that pathology is developing.

Features of the first trimester

So, in the first trimester of pregnancy, fibrinogen is above normal. What does it mean? An increase in this indicator indicates that there is an inflammatory process in the body of the expectant mother. To find out the reasons for this condition, the doctor will advise you to take additional tests if the available studies do not help answer this question. The results are affected by influenza, SARS or any other infectious disease in a woman.

The presence of an inflammatory process in the body of a pregnant woman can have a negative impact on the development of the fetus, so it is necessary to prescribe adequate treatment in a timely manner. It must be carried out under strict medical supervision.

Indicators in the second trimester

The condition of the expectant mother during this period stabilizes a little, the symptoms of toxicosis recede, and the test results most often normalize. If, after the second coagulogram is performed, the fibrinogen levels exceed the additional value, this is a threat of blood clots. This affects the access to the fetus of oxygen and affects its development.

There are such reasons for the increase in fibrinogen:

pneumonia;
the presence of neoplasms in the body;
hormonal imbalance;
burns of various degrees;
infectious diseases (meningitis, influenza);
tissue death.

Additional analyzes and studies will help determine what exactly affects the level of the indicator and the health of the expectant mother.

Features of fibrinogen in the third trimester

The fibrinogen index increases strongly in the last trimester of pregnancy. During this period, the body is actively preparing for childbirth, and it tries to ensure its safety. But if fibrinogen is elevated during pregnancy in the third trimester above 6 g / l, then this indicates a possible pathology. With an excess of this protein, irreversible health consequences for both the fetus and the mother can occur, in particular:

frozen or non-developing pregnancy;
spontaneous miscarriage in the early stages;
thrombosis of the umbilical artery, resulting in placental abruption or premature birth.

In the event that the content of fibrinogen is increased in the blood test, expectant mothers should always be under medical supervision.

The fibrinogen index will indicate the presence of pregnancy to those women who are not yet aware of their "interesting position". In this case, its level will be increased, so after the results are ready, the doctor will be able to tell the good news.

Why can fibrinogen decrease during pregnancy?

Doctors, when receiving coagulogram results during pregnancy, may also find that the fibrinogen level is below normal. A decrease in this indicator is observed less frequently than an increase, but the consequences are no less serious. Therefore, having discovered such a situation, it must be analyzed in order to identify the causes and determine ways to solve the problem.

First trimester

A slight decrease in fibrinogen during pregnancy compared to the norm during this period occurs with toxicosis. But in the case of constant frequent vomiting, the woman is hospitalized in order to stabilize the condition. At the same time, fibrinogen levels are monitored and measures are taken to normalize it.

Second trimester

If in the second trimester this indicator remains low, it is necessary to examine the pregnant woman to determine the cause of this condition. Often during the examination, DIC is detected - a pathological process in which blood clotting is impaired. It is congenital and acquired. In the presence of such a disease, pregnancy requires enhanced control and adequate treatment, which will increase the ability of blood to clot.

third trimester

In most cases, low fibrinogen during pregnancy in the last months remains from an early date. The reasons for this are already known to the doctor and the woman is under control. During this period, therapy is aimed at increasing it, in order to protect the life of the woman in labor during childbirth. Together with treatment aimed at increasing blood clotting, the process of giving birth to a baby is planned so that the mother's blood loss is minimal.

So, we can distinguish such reasons for the decrease in the level of fibrinogen during pregnancy:

severe toxicosis of the second half of pregnancy;
blood diseases;
DIC;
weakened immunity;
a pronounced deficiency in the body of vitamins B12 and C;
extensive liver damage (cirrhosis, hepatitis);
irrational nutrition.

Safe Ways to Achieve Normal Fibrinogen Levels During Pregnancy

What to do if fibrinogen levels deviate from the norm? With its slight decrease or excess of the norm and the known reason why this happens, the doctor monitors the general condition of the pregnant woman and monitors the dynamics. With a critical decrease or increase in fibrinogen, in order to stabilize it, drug therapy is necessary.

The expectant mother is sent for a consultation with a hematologist. Sometimes in the presence of such deviations, special treatment is not required. It is enough to take dietary supplements that the doctor will advise, or to normalize the indicator by adjusting the diet.

We must not forget that during pregnancy, only an experienced specialist can prescribe any medications. It is strictly impossible to self-medicate, as this can result in serious complications. First of all, the treatment is aimed at eliminating the cause that caused this condition and on the individual characteristics of the organism in each case.

If fibrinogen during pregnancy is higher than normal, then such groups of drugs as beta-adrenergic receptor blockers, antiplatelet agents, fibrinolytics, B vitamins, folic and acetylsalicylic acid in minimal dosages are more often prescribed.

It is imperative to correct the diet. The level of fibrinogen can be increased by the presence in the diet of buckwheat, eggs, bananas, potato dishes, walnuts, soy, spinach. Fried and smoked foods, carbonated drinks have the same effect, but they are harmful to the baby. In the absence of edema and kidney problems, you can allow the use of different pickles. From folk remedies, decoctions of yarrow, nettle and St. John's wort increase the ability of blood to clot.

If you need to lower the content of fibrinogen in the blood, you need to include raspberries, strawberries, pomegranates, beets, chocolate or cocoa in the diet. From medicinal plants, peony root and chestnut will help to cope with this problem.

Normal fibrinogen levels during pregnancy in each trimester are the key to a successful birth. Therefore, in no case should you neglect the regular conduct of a coagulogram. In time, noticing the deviation of its indicators from the norm, you can detect the cause and eliminate it, preventing the risk of developing many serious consequences, such as preeclampsia, spontaneous abortion, placental abruption, umbilical cord thrombosis.

Why is fibrinogen important during pregnancy? What is the norm in the third trimester that allows a woman to give birth without risk to her life? Each of these issues is considered important, as the information literacy of the woman in labor will avoid bleeding and life-threatening during labor.

Expecting a baby during pregnancy is always a miracle. Gynecologists during the entire period of gestation monitor the health of a woman, help her give birth to a healthy child. The 3rd trimester is an important period during which the body begins to actively prepare for childbirth. At this stage, the doctor prescribes a lot of examinations to understand how the body will react to a non-standard situation. One of the important diagnostics is checking hemostasis - the ability of the body to stop bleeding in case of vascular injuries.

Rules for passing the analysis, norm indicators

The definition of fibrinogen during pregnancy in medicine is called a coagulogram or hemostasiogram. This technique helps the doctor to see the amount of fibrinogen and other important indicators for blood clotting. For the study, a woman takes a venous blood sample. To get the right results, you need to prepare for the study.

For this you need:

Do not eat 12 hours before the test.
Do not worry, exclude physical activity 2-3 hours before the procedure.
If a woman smokes, then you need to refrain from addiction 1 hour before the analysis.

The methods for studying the material obtained in each laboratory are different, but the rate of fibrinogen for a pregnant woman varies within the following limits:

1 trimester - 2.5 - 5.0 g / l;
2 trimester - 2.4-5.1 g / l;
3rd trimester - 3.7-6.1 g / l.

As can be seen from the indicators, the 3rd trimester is the peak of the increase in the concentration of protein in the blood. This process is due to the fact that a new organism is fully formed inside the woman, therefore, additional protein resources are needed for its work, supplying the placenta and uterus with all substances with the help of blood.

The end of the 3rd trimester is the maximum peak of the indicator that allows women to avoid bleeding during childbirth.

What to do if the indicators are lowered?

The basic rule for every pregnant woman is to control all the indicators and norms of her body, because the full development of the unborn baby depends on this. A critical indicator in the 3rd trimester of fibrinogen is considered to be below 3 g / l.

Such phenomena may indicate:

malnutrition and lack of vitamins C and B12;
severe toxicosis;
liver diseases;
pathological processes in the circulatory system.

Low numbers indicate poor clotting, which can lead to severe bleeding during childbirth. You can improve your performance with proper nutrition and taking vitamin complexes.

Among the products that increase the rate are the following:

Decoctions of yarrow with St. John's wort and nettle.
Buckwheat.
Potato.
Bananas.

You should not abuse these products, since oversaturation can lead to severe blood clotting and the formation of blood clots.

How to respond to increased rates?

In isolated cases, an increased fibrinogen level is recorded.

Most often, the reasons for this phenomenon are:

SARS;
flu;
viral or infectious diseases;
pneumonia;

strokes;
pathology of the cardiovascular system.

You can correct such changes if you follow a special diet. The following products should prevail in it: chocolate and raspberries, pomegranate and beets, decoctions from clover and peony inflorescences.

If you ignore the result of the analysis and do not seek medical help at high rates, then a threat develops directly for the woman's body. There is a high probability of placental abruption, which will lead to premature birth or miscarriage. In the future, such pathologies lead to the development of infertility.

To normalize fibrinogen levels, doctors also use drug therapy.

folic acid;
vitamin complexes;

aspirin;
Dipyridamole.

All of them help to thin the blood and prevent the formation of blood clots.

Any deviation from the norm of fibrinogen, a pregnant woman should not be taken as a sentence. Modern medicine has a sufficient level of knowledge and techniques that allow each patient to help carry and give birth to a healthy baby. In addition, timely diagnosis and regular visits to the gynecologist will help to avoid pathology with fibrinogen in the 3rd trimester.

Since pregnancy is always stressful for a woman's body, the circulatory system is the first to react. It is rebuilt, in the composition of the blood there are changes that are necessary for the development of the fetus.

If the doctor fails to stabilize the fibrinogen levels before childbirth, then the woman is placed in a specialized perinatal center, where experienced obstetricians work, all the necessary equipment is collected to help mother and baby.

Having decided to give birth to a child, every woman should know that not only her health, but also the child's, depends on her responsibility, understanding of each study. All tests, diagnostics that a gynecologist offers must be passed, understanding their essence and being able to decipher the meanings. Fibrinogen is an important indicator that will allow a woman to bear a healthy baby and give birth on time without any pathologies and bleeding.