How many days does chickenpox quarantine last? SanPiN for chickenpox: current rules against the spread of chickenpox

Quarantine is feared not only by the parents of children who go to kindergarten, but also by kindergarten workers. Perhaps for this reason, the rights of children and parents are usually not explained, and the duties of kindergartens are often hidden and not respected. Let's figure out who is obliged to do what, who has what right.

How many children must be ill for quarantine to be declared in a group/class?

Depends on the disease.

If we are talking about seasonal diseases (colds, flu), then quarantine is declared if only 20% of the children attend the team.

In the case of other infectious (contagious) diseases, one sick person is enough.

How many days does the quarantine last?

It is calculated based on the duration of the incubation period of a particular disease. The incubation period is the time that can elapse from the period of contact with a carrier of infection to the first manifestation of symptoms of the disease.

Quarantine duration:

influenza and scarlet fever - 7 days;
chickenpox, rubella, mumps (mumps) - 21 days;
meningococcal infection - 10 days;
viral meningitis - 7 days;
intestinal infection - 7 days.

Should parents be warned about the quarantine?

They are obliged, and on the same day when the official information about the diagnosis of the sick child was received. In the information about the quarantine, the number of the order according to which it was declared should be written.

Ideally, they are required to warn parents about suspected illness.

Is it possible to go to kindergarten during quarantine?

Depends on many reasons.

If your child went to kindergarten on the day when the quarantine was announced (that is, there is a possibility that he was in contact with a sick child), then you can go. And you can not go - it's as the parents wish.

If for some reason the child was absent from the kindergarten on the day when the carrier of the infection was identified, the kindergarten management has the right to refuse to accept your child. In some cases, it is possible to transfer the child to another group.

Refusal to visit the kindergarten is also possible during quarantine for a disease against which vaccinations are made with “live” vaccines (polio drops, measles, influenza), if your child does not have this vaccine.

Can groups be united if, due to illness, few children go to them?

They cannot, because a decrease in group attendance by 20% or more should be followed by a quarantine, and during quarantine, children should not intersect with each other.

What restrictions are placed on a quarantined group?

It is forbidden:

walk on the sites of other groups,
participate in public events
conduct music or physical education classes outside the group (alternatively, they can be held after they have ended for all other groups).

Increasing hygiene compliance

wet cleaning is carried out 2 times a day,
every day the premises are quartzed,
dishes and toys are washed with disinfectants,
rooms are ventilated more often than usual.

Children are not vaccinated during quarantine.

Who is responsible for declaring and enforcing quarantine in the kindergarten?

Manager and nurse.

Do the clinics have the right to refuse to issue sick leave for the period of quarantine in kindergarten?

No, they don't! Even if your child is completely healthy and has not been in contact with a carrier of the infection. Although in this case you can demand to provide you with a place in another kindergarten group.

The law that regulates the issue of issuing sick leave, including in the event of a quarantine being declared in kindergarten, is Federal Law No. 255-FZ of December 29, 2006.

Is it possible to go with a child to the theater, cinema, shop if quarantine is declared in the kindergarten, but the child is not sick?

Of course, no one can directly forbid you this. But from a moral point of view, this is undesirable and condemned. A child without signs of illness can be a carrier of the infection and is able to infect others. It is not uncommon for the infection to be transmitted through “third hands”, that is, from a person who has contact with the carrier of the infection, but who has not become ill.

Chickenpox (chickenpox) is a highly contagious infectious disease with an acute course. The culprit of the disease is the herpes virus. Infection occurs very easily, quickly transmitted from person to person. Mostly children of preschool and primary school age are ill. This is especially often observed in the cold season.

The main routes of infection are airborne and contact. The pathogen can be transmitted through the air even at fairly large distances, in buildings - from floor to floor. In this case, the incidence is almost 100%. Therefore, the only sick child who was brought to kindergarten can cause an outbreak of chickenpox in the entire kindergarten.

About whether a child can visit his group when chickenpox is in kindergarten :: Preventive measures for this disease - we will talk about all this today:

Chicken pox in kindergarten - what should parents do?

As we have already mentioned, chickenpox is highly contagious. Usually, everyone who has been in contact with the patient or just been in the same room always gets sick too. To prevent an outbreak of the disease, mandatory preventive measures should be taken.

First of all, parents should in no case take a sick child to a kindergarten, as well as any other institutions with a large crowd of people: school, hobby groups, sports clubs. If there are signs of chickenpox, as well as if you suspect any other infectious disease, you should leave the child at home and call a doctor. This is the main and main condition for preventing the widespread spread of the disease.

Preventive measures for chickenpox in kindergarten

If this happened, and an infection penetrated into the children's institution, quarantine should be imposed on the kindergarten group visited by the child. This concept includes a list of measures that prevent the further spread of the disease from the focus of infection.

The term of quarantine is determined in accordance with the data on the longest duration of the incubation period of this disease. The head of the children's institution is appointed responsible for its observance. As a rule, the head of AChR and the head nurse are responsible for carrying out quarantine measures.

Non-specific prophylaxis:

The room where the sick child is or has recently been is often ventilated, and wet cleaning is often carried out there. In this case, no specific sanitization is required.

Administrative arrangements

The head of the preschool educational institution issues an order to introduce quarantine and carry out appropriate measures. Organizes an administrative council with the participation of the kindergarten administration, medical staff and educators. The council provides briefings, as well as information on:

Quarantine terms;
- schedules for the implementation of sanitary measures: disinfection, ventilation, quartzization of the quarantine group;
- rules for a special drinking regime;
- timing and date of the last disinfection;
- the possibility of isolating children who were not in contact with the sick.

During the quarantine period, special attention and special control is paid to mandatory, daily rounds of the premises of kindergarten groups in order to identify children with signs of an infectious disease.

It is mandatory to monitor compliance with the disinfection regime of the quarantine group. The results of such control are reported during the administrative councils.

Specific prophylaxis

Note that in our country, mandatory vaccination against chicken pox is not provided. Doctors can only recommend that parents vaccinate a child with a hematological or oncological pathology. In this case, only live vaccines are used, in particular, Varilrix and Vari-vax.

Vaccination given to a child creates in him a stable, long-term immunity against chickenpox.
It is especially important to note that vaccination is extremely effective for emergency immunization. So, if a child was vaccinated in the first three days after contact with a sick person, it provides almost one hundred percent protection.

It should be noted that a number of infectious disease doctors advise not to "hide" children from chickenpox. They explain this by the fact that children are much easier than adults to tolerate this disease. Chickenpox occurs once in a lifetime, so it is easier to catch it in childhood. In adulthood, the disease, as a rule, is difficult to tolerate and is fraught with serious complications.

Chickenpox is one of the most common childhood diseases. Many parents are interested in the question: chickenpox, how many days does quarantine last? To begin with, it is worth noting that chickenpox is one of the acute infectious diseases. It is caused by a virus of the herpes genus. The disease affects many children of preschool and primary school age. This is especially true for children attending children's educational institutions. The virus is transmitted through the air and is able to penetrate not only into neighboring rooms, but also into apartments. A high percentage of infection is associated with a long incubation period (from 10 to 21 days).

The virus spreads rapidly and infects all children attending kindergarten. The disease ceases to be contagious after the last eruptions disappear and all the blisters heal. Infants are not susceptible to the disease, as they have innate immunity acquired during fetal development. Children over 10 years of age get sick a little less often, but the disease has more severe symptoms and can lead to complications.

Symptoms of chickenpox in children

The disease has characteristic features that distinguish it from any other disease:

elevated temperature;
flat spots on the body, rapidly spreading in 1-2 hours;
rashes look like peas or grains of a reddish color.

At this stage, the child does not experience any discomfort. After some time, a bubble filled with a clear liquid appears in the center of each speck. At this point, the patient begins to itch.

Parents should ensure that the child does not scratch these spots in order to prevent the spread of infection. After a few days, the bubbles become covered with a brown crust and dry up. Along with this, new rashes appear on the child's body, which is accompanied by a new rise in temperature. This happens within 1-1.5 weeks. After new rashes have ceased to appear, the crusts last another 2 weeks, leaving slight pigmentation.

If the disease was complicated by a purulent infection, small scars may remain on the skin. During an illness, the following changes occur in the patient's condition: he becomes irritable, lethargic, loses sleep and appetite.

Chickenpox: how to treat this disease?

Usually, this disease is treated on an outpatient basis. In exceptional, complex cases, hospitalization is required. The disease does not require any special treatment. The main recommendations are the provision of bed rest, plenty of fluids, a special diet. To prevent infection with a purulent infection, all rashes on the body of children are treated every day with a solution of potassium permanganate or brilliant green. These measures do not apply to the direct treatment of chickenpox, but allow the doctor to determine the stage of the disease.

If the disease is accompanied by a severe fever, the doctor prescribes antipyretics based on paracetamol or ibuprofen. To relieve itching, the pediatrician usually prescribes antihistamines. Very often, mothers ask themselves: is swimming allowed with chickenpox? Here the opinions of experts differ. Some believe that bathing with chickenpox relieves itching and soothes the child. Others believe that bathing a child should not be while there is a rash.

Complications after chickenpox in children

With the timely start of treatment, chickenpox does not cause serious complications. If the bubbles fester and become inflamed, small scars may remain in their place. Very rarely, the disease causes such severe complications as encephalomyelitis.

There are many different recommendations to alleviate the course of the disease in children. Most of all, a patient with chickenpox is worried about severe itching. Children cannot endure it for a long time and begin to comb the rashes. It is not recommended to do this, because in place of the spots, scars may appear that remain for life. In addition, scratching can cause a serious bacterial infection. To avoid this, the doctor prescribes special sedatives. Parents are encouraged to help the child cope with discomfort. For this child, you need to distract with the help of activities that are interesting for him.

Also, parents should pay special attention to the condition of the child's nails: they need to be trimmed as they grow. Young children can wear special mittens on their hands. If the child experiences very severe itching, it can be bathed. After this, the baby needs to get wet with a soft towel. Underwear on the days of illness should be changed several times. Do not allow the child to overheat: excessive sweating provokes increased itching. Provide clean air to the room. It is not allowed to take acetylsalicylic acid as an antipyretic. This can adversely affect the functioning of the liver.

Treatment of rashes with brilliant green is a controversial issue.

Even if you do not use it, the bubbles still dry out. Apply it or not? The decision is up to the parents. It has nothing to do with treatment. Zelenka will help to approximately determine the number of new rashes. If possible, it is recommended that the child be vaccinated against chickenpox, especially if he attends kindergarten or goes to school. Vaccination promotes the formation of antibodies to the virus.

How long does chickenpox quarantine last?

This question is asked by many parents. The duration of quarantine depends on the incubation period of the disease and the moment of manifestation of its first symptoms. Chickenpox is a highly contagious disease. Most often, chickenpox epidemics occur in autumn-winter or early spring. The incubation period of chickenpox (the time from the virus entering the body until the first symptoms appear) is divided into 3 stages:

Infection and adaptation of the virus to life in the body.
Reproduction of the causative agent of infection and its accumulation in the mucous membranes of the body.
At the last stage, the virus appears in the patient's blood, at the same time the first signs of the disease appear.

At this point, the body's immune system is activated, antibodies are produced. The incubation period for chickenpox is 1 to 3 weeks. At this time, the disease does not manifest itself in any way. Therefore, it is very difficult to identify the sick in time and declare quarantine. The incubation period is about the same for both adults and children. The only exceptions are newborns and the elderly. For the former, this period is shorter, for the latter, it is longer.

The child cannot infect others during the entire incubation period, which has a different duration, depending on the state of the patient's body, the number of viruses and external factors. After the appearance of the first spots of a rash on the skin, a person becomes contagious. If before the birth of a child, his mother had chickenpox, he will have an innate immunity to it. In this case, he will not get infected. The child ceases to be contagious about a week after the last rash appears.

After suffering chickenpox, a person develops immunity, re-infections are extremely rare. Chickenpox quarantine lasts an average of 10 days.

Chickenpox is an infectious disease caused by the herpes virus type 3. The disease can affect people of all ages, but is most common in preschool and school age. This is due to the immune system that has not yet been fully formed - antibodies in the body are completely absent or their concentration is extremely low.

The disease is accompanied by an increase in body temperature and the formation of multiple watery papules in all areas of the skin and mucous membranes of the oral cavity and nose.

What activities are carried out during chickenpox quarantine

With chickenpox, institutions continue to work. Quarantine measures ensure that workers and children are protected from the virus. According to epidemiological sanitary standards, the following measures should be taken:

Groups of quarantined children study in the classroom. It is forbidden to conduct classes in music or sports halls.
Employees of the institution recommend that parents bring their children in special medical masks.
The quarantine room should be regularly wet cleaned and ventilated frequently.
In preschool institutions, kids from the quarantine group must enter the room through the emergency entrance.

Upon returning home, the child must thoroughly wash their hands with an antibacterial agent.
Children who have not previously had chickenpox are not accepted for inpatient therapy or sanatorium-resort institutions.
For preventive purposes, you should regularly carry out wet cleaning at home.

According to the rules, a nurse working in a kindergarten is obliged to examine children daily. If an infected baby is found, it should be isolated and parents should be called to take the child home.

When is quarantine announced?

If a child (children) shows signs of chickenpox in a group of a preschool institution, a doctor is called there to confirm / refute the diagnosis. In the first case, the head issues an order to introduce quarantine for chickenpox in kindergarten.

Vaccination during quarantine

Often the parents of their crumbs wonder whether to vaccinate if a quarantine has been declared in a preschool? Can other vaccines be given during varicella quarantine? Competent experts argue that to prevent infection with chickenpox, immunization of a fragile organism is not contraindicated.

In case of contact with a sick person, emergency prophylactic vaccination with Varilrix can be carried out.

Regarding mantoux and other vaccinations, it is better to refrain from immunization until the end of quarantine in a preschool institution.

Quarantine duration

Quarantine for chicken pox in kindergarten lasts 21 days, starting from the day the last infected child was discovered. This period corresponds to the maximum virus. If after the end of the quarantine, the next symptoms of the disease were detected, the quarantine is extended.

The duration of quarantine can be from 21 days to six months, it all depends on the number of children in the group and the intensity of infection.

If the baby did not visit the garden at the time the virus was detected, the staff of the institution will recommend leaving him at home to exclude the possibility of infection. If parents insist on attending a kindergarten for a child, they must provide an appropriate receipt. It is possible that the child will be transferred to another group for the duration of the quarantine.

Doctors' opinion

Doctors are of the opinion that it is best to get chickenpox in childhood / adolescence, since the disease proceeds quite easily and leaves no complications. With adults, things are quite different.

Stable immunity to the herpes virus is developed, as a rule, in childhood, after the transfer of the disease.

Preventing the spread of the virus means that the number of adults without immunity is growing every day. For an adult, ordinary chickenpox can cause serious health problems that can lead to disability or death.

According to statistics, the most common complications are such pathologies:

Systemic diseases, including sepsis.
encephalitis, meningitis.
Lymphadenitis.
Purulent ulcers and much more.

Sanitary rules for chicken pox

The sanitary rules declare regulations describing measures to prevent the spread of the third type of herpes virus in preschool / school institutions.

Preventive actions

When calculating the source of the disease, it is not advisable to disinfect the room. This is due to the instability of the vital activity of herpes. Infection is characterized by high contagiousness, but only when it enters the mucous membranes, outside the human body, the virus quickly dies. It is extremely detrimental to it, ultraviolet radiation and fresh air flows.

In accordance with the norms, when chickenpox is detected in one child from the group, it is advisable to carry out the following manipulations:

Thorough wet cleaning of the premises is carried out regularly.
Through ventilation of the room is an important component in preventing the spread of the virus.
The infected child is isolated from the team for the next three weeks.

What to do if they refused to accept a child due to chickenpox quarantine?

There are situations when employees refuse parents to accept children during quarantine. Similar cases can occur when a child was sick or did not attend preschool during the outbreak. The behavior of employees can be explained by the desire to reduce the duration of the quarantine.

They have no right to refuse a visit! The teacher can only advise, but not deploy home.

If the situation cannot be resolved peacefully, the algorithm of actions is as follows:

In order not to get sick, you can ask the child to be transferred to another group for the duration of the quarantine.
Write a receipt in which you record that you are notified of the quarantine for chickenpox and are fully responsible for the health of your child.
It is worth demanding from a medical worker the name of the document according to which your child is not accepted into a preschool institution. As a rule, after this, the behavior of employees changes, since this is prohibited by law.

Results

Quarantine for chickenpox in kindergarten does not equate to a large-scale disaster; rather, on the contrary, it is an opportunity to get chickenpox at an early age. In children, the disease is much easier to tolerate, and complications develop extremely rarely. In adults, pathology can lead to sad or even fatal consequences.

The infectious disease of chickenpox has a second name - chickenpox, which is on the list of acute infectious diseases. Infection occurs by airborne droplets and, in the case of a mass presence of children in the same room, the disease quickly spreads. Most often, the disease "catches" children in groups of kindergarten or at school. Given that the virus is transmitted through the air, there is a risk of infection even when the patient is in another room or apartment.

The incubation period of the disease lasts from 13 days to 17 days. Chickenpox does not immediately appear, so the child can safely attend classes in educational institutions and becomes an involuntary source of infection.

In children older than 10 years and adults, the disease is more severe, which can lead to serious complications. For pregnant women, chickenpox also carries a formidable danger, as it can affect the condition of the fetus and abortion.

The causative agent of the disease (herpes virus) remains in our body for life and can lead to the manifestation of serious diseases in the future. Therefore, it is worth following the doctor's instructions very clearly and not trying to defeat chickenpox on your own with only brilliant green.

After infection, the virus settles on the mucous surface of the respiratory tract, then it enters the bloodstream and spreads throughout the body through the flow. A characteristic manifestation of the disease are small rashes all over the body. At first they look just like red spots and a little later they become bubbles filled with liquid. Papules cause discomfort, as the patient feels unbearable itching.

Shortly thereafter, the temperature begins to rise and the patient's condition worsens. The natural manifestation of this condition is lack of appetite, headache, weakness and fever up to 39°C.

Chickenpox does not appear immediately, the first symptoms resemble a cold, then a rash appears

How long does quarantine last

For others during this period, the first 5-10 days are dangerous. You can focus on the manifestation of a rash - while it is present on the body, the virus is in an active form. During this period, it is very important to limit the contacts of the patient with healthy people.

Physicians gave a conclusion on the timing of the contagiousness of the disease: from 4 to 13 days. Therefore, epidemiologists, if it is necessary to announce quarantine measures, close the educational institution for 14 days.

The duration of quarantine is on average 14 days.

Rashes on the body can be single and multiple. In the first case, chickenpox occurs in a mild form, and in severe cases, the child is completely strewn with bubbles. The most difficult thing for a baby is not to comb them. Adults usually follow this during the day, but at night a child, in a dream, can easily remove a crust from a sore. This is fraught with the appearance of small scars. Therefore, the smallest are recommended to wear special mittens.

For disinfection, the bubbles are smeared with brilliant green or potassium permanganate. But now in pharmacies you can also buy colorless disinfectants, but many are trying to deal with the manifestations of chickenpox, as our grandmothers and mothers did.

During chickenpox rashes, it is recommended to treat vesicles to relieve itching and disinfection

How long does the disease last

Usually, adults sitting with sick children are given a sick leave for 10 days. This period is enough to defeat the disease and prevent complications. Treatment is carried out at home, in very serious cases the patient is sent to the hospital. A pediatrician can discharge a child 5 days after the last rash appears. Usually, young children easily tolerate the disease, but serious complications can occur in the form of diseases such as pneumonia, laryngitis, rheumatism, and there may be a deterioration in the functioning of the kidneys, heart, liver, or lungs.

In adults, the disease proceeds in a more complex form. Rashes are possible not only on the body, but also on the mucous tissues. And the temperature can rise up to 40 °C. According to statistics, 60% of patients get any complications. There is a strong intoxication of the body. In this case, improvement should be expected in 2-3 weeks.

The duration of the disease depends on its complexity.

With chickenpox, many doctors do not recommend swimming, especially at elevated body temperature. This rule is considered obsolete, and modern pediatricians insist on short-term baths to maintain hygiene and relieve itching. See more about this in the program of Dr. Komarovsky.

Clothes and bedding must be changed several times during the period of illness. It is important to prevent overheating of the body, and for this it is necessary to ventilate the room more often.

Treatment of chickenpox in some cases can be carried out with antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drugs. After the rash appears, antihistamines are sometimes prescribed to reduce itching on the body.

To prevent chickenpox, you need to boost your immune system and get vaccinated. Vaccination will not give 100% protection against infection with chickenpox, but in case of infection, the disease will pass in a mild form and without complications.

Following the recommendations of the doctor with chickenpox, the disease will pass easier and faster

For more information about chicken pox, see Dr. Komarovsky's program.