Dymkovo patterns in the middle group. Synopsis of GCD. "Dymkovo young lady" (decorative drawing). Middle group. on the topic: "Decorate the skirt of a Dymkovo young lady"
Lesson in kindergarten for children 4-5 years old on the topic "Dymkovo toy"
Berdinskaya Elvira Galievna, teacher of MADOU "Kindergarten No. 29", Sterlitamak, b. BashkortostanMaterial Description: I offer you a summary of organized educational activities for children of the middle group (4-5 years old) on the topic "Dymkovo toy". This material will be useful to educators of the middle group. This is a summary of a lesson on artistic and aesthetic development, aimed at developing children's interest in folk arts and crafts, familiarizing with national and cultural traditions, expanding and deepening knowledge about folk toys.
Synopsis of organized educational activities in the middle group "Dymkovo toy"
Integration of educational areas: artistic and aesthetic development, cognitive development, speech development, social and communicative development, physical development.
Target: aesthetically educate children with the help of folk art.
Tasks:
Educational:
- to expand the knowledge of children about the Dymkovo toy: continue to acquaint children with Dymkovo toys, painting elements, colors;
- learn to decorate the silhouettes of Dymkovo toys. To consolidate the skills of drawing elements of Dymkovo painting (circles, stripes, wavy lines, dots),
arouse a desire to do something yourself, adopting simple tricks from craftsmen.
Developing:
- to develop children's interest in folk arts and crafts; to attach to national - cultural traditions, expanding and deepening knowledge about folk toys.
- to promote the development of speech, visual memory, observation, attention;
- expand and activate children's vocabulary;
- develop a sense of color, aesthetic feelings;
- develop the ability to listen carefully to the teacher and answer questions;
- develop general and fine motor skills;
- develop imagination.
Educational:
- to cultivate interest in folk toys, respect for the work of folk craftsmen, admiration for their work;
- educate independence, activity;
- to form aesthetic perception and imagination, to accustom children to politeness (to teach to say hello, say goodbye, thank for help);
Preliminary work:
viewing the presentation "Dymkovo toy", memorizing poems, solving riddles about the nesting doll, examining the Dymkovo toy, playing with nesting dolls.
Form of organization: subgroup, individual.
Vocabulary work:
To intensify the use in speech of the names of the elements of the Dymkovo painting.
Fixing: Dymkovo toy: turkey, rooster, dog, goat, deer, young lady; elegant, joyful, cheerful, festive.
Materials and equipment:
Dymkovo toys;
illustrations depicting Dymkovo toys;
horse stencils, gouache, brushes, cotton buds, paints and brushes, napkins (according to the number of children);
tassel queen
easel;
elements of the Dymkovo toy painting;
samples decorated with painted silhouettes of horses;
the image of the sun;
Preliminary work:
viewing the presentation "Dymkovo toy";
examining a Dymkovo toy;
patterns used to decorate a Dymkovo toy;
Methods and techniques:
psychological attitude (establishment of emotional contact);
greeting in verse "Hello";
demonstration of toys and illustrations of Dymkovo toys;
a story about how Dymkovo toys appeared;
word game;
dynamic pause - the game "What happened?";
surprise moment;
game with the Queen-tassel "Name the pattern and color";
the riddle of the Tassel Queen;
simulation exercise;
finger gymnastics;
independent work of children (drawing);
gymnastics for the eyes "Ray of the Sun";
exhibition of children's works, discussion;
reflection. I. Organizational moment.
Psychological attitude
(establishment of emotional contact)
Children stand in a circle
Educator:
Close your eyes and imagine
We present ourselves here and now.
What happened yesterday, we forget
We think only about what is now.
Good, beautiful each of you,
You are the best thing in the world.
We open our eyes
Hello children!
Educator: Guys, look how many guests we have today, let's say hello to the guests.
Greeting in verse "Hello"
Children: Hello golden sun!
Hello blue sky!
Hello, free breeze,
Hello little oak tree!
We live in the same region
I welcome you all!
II. Main part
Educator: Today we have wonderful toys made by Russian craftsmen. (Demonstrate toys and illustrations of Dymkovo toys)
Russia was famous for its miracle craftsmen,
Wood and clay turned into a fairy tale.
They created beauty with paints and a brush,
Young people were taught their art.
These toys are called Dymkovo toys, they are made of clay and painted with bright colors. Listen
The story of how Dymkovo toys appeared
People lived in the same village. When it was cold outside and the winter frost held the ground, stoves were lit in the houses, smoke enveloped the roofs, yes, so that nothing could be seen, only smoke. So they called that village Dymkovo. Adults worked in that village from morning until late in the evening: they sowed bread, cooked food, tended domestic animals: cows, sheep. And the children played in the meadow, sang songs. They didn't have toys like you. And adults thought: how to please the kids? They collected clay from the river bank, fashioned various funny figures, burned them in a furnace, covered them with chalk and painted them with paints. So Dymkovo toys appeared: ladies, goats, horses, pigs, deer. Bright, cheerful, perky - they fell in love with the children.
And now I propose to play the game "Insert a word"
word game
“... Smoke comes from the pipes in a column,
As if in a haze all around,
blue gave,
And a big village ... ("Dymkovo") was called.
They loved songs, dances,
Miracles were born there ... (fairy tales),
And they sculpted there from ... (clay)
All toys are not simple,
And magically ... (painted),
Snow-white as birches
... (Circles, cells, stripes -) the teacher shows
Seemingly simple pattern, matching patterns,
But I can't look away." as well as images
From clay ... (goat) in apples, animals and people
Good looking, very handsome. in the illustrations
But ... (deer) on slender legs,
All the beauty of a deer is in ... (horns).
But Dymkovo ... (ladies):
They have pretzel hands
Cheeks like apples.
I have known them for a long time
All the people at the fair.
Dynamic pause - the game "What happened?"
Raise your palms up and fold over your head.
What happened?
The roof came out, and under the roof - we are with you.
Raise your palms higher, and then bend the arc.
Who came out?
The geese came out - here is one, and here is the other.
Raise your palms up and place them in front of you.
What happened?
The bridge came out, the bridge is strong and straight.
Educator: Well done boys!
surprise moment
The melody of the Tassel Queen sounds. Guys, now the Tassel Queen invites you to come to the tables.
Game with the Tassel Queen "Name the pattern and color"
The tassel queen reminds us that Dymkovo toys are always white. And the masters painted their toys with bright colors and offers to name the colors used by the Dymkovo masters (red, blue, green, yellow, orange, black, blue). Educator: What colors do the masters use when decorating their toys? (Children's answers) How, in one word, can you say about these colors? (Children's answers: bright, smart, funny, festive).
Guys, the Tassel Queen asks what patterns Dymkovo masters paint their toys with? (Children's answers: straight line, wavy line, dot, circle, ring, cell, lattice)
And what do the painting elements mean (a circle is a symbol of the sun, dots are stars, a straight line is a road, a wavy line is water, a Christmas tree is a symbol of health), and then find and show these elements on the images of toys.
The Dymkovo toy has its own colors, its own ornament, its own shape, which gives the toy individuality, which makes it unlike other toys.
Mystery of the Tassel Queen
The brush queen invites you to try to become craftsmen yourself. First, guess the riddle:
Very slim and handsome
With bangs and fluffy mane.
Can swim and jump
Eats oats, knows how to laugh.
Jump into water and into fire
Faithful to man ... (horse)
Let's picture how horses walk
simulation exercise
Oh, lyuli, oh, lyuli,
The horses went to the meadow (they walk in place, raising their legs high)
Horses are removed
Proud, dashing (perform a spring, as if holding on to the reins with their hands)
The tassel queen has prepared horses for you, only they haven't been painted yet. Let's try to paint the horses. (Children come to the tables prepared in advance for drawing, take their places). Let's remember how we will paint it. What parts do we paint over completely? (mane, ears, tail, hooves). Where do we place the pattern? (along the neck, torso, legs).
Now close your eyes, imagine with what pattern you will paint your Dymkovo horse, the color of the pattern, how you position it, where you will start drawing. Now open your eyes, stretch your fingers and start drawing.
Finger gymnastics:
Before drawing.
You need to stretch your fingers.
Index and middle
Nameless and last.
Say hello to the big one.
Now let's rub our hands.
We are a little bit about each other.
Fists unclenched - squeezed,
The fists were unclenched - squeezed.
Here are the fingers stretched.
And now the masters.
It's time for everyone to work.
Independent work of children.
Russian folk music sounds softly. Children work independently. In the course of work, the educator reinforces the name of geometric shapes, colors, painting elements, conducts individual work, recalls drawing techniques.
Gymnastics for the eyes "Ray of the Sun"
Ray, mischievous ray, play with me.
(blink eyes)
Come on, ray, turn around, show yourself to my eyes.
(make circular eye movements)
I will look to the left, I will find a ray of sunshine.
(looks to the left)
Now I'll look to the right, again I'll find a ray.
(looks to the right)
Exhibition of children's works. Discussion.
From the work performed, invite the children to make the exhibition "Merry Dymkovo Fair". When analyzing, note the location of patterns, color, accuracy of work. The teacher draws attention to the brightness of the horses, their beauty, invites the children to answer the questions: “Whose work do you like best? Why? Which horse is the most accurate?
Tasks: Continue to teach children to make a pattern from the elements of Dymkovo painting (dots, rings, circles, stripes). fasten skills: apply dots, straight and wavy lines with the end of the brush, draw circles, arcs, rings with the whole brush, hold the brush correctly. Develop aesthetic perception, sense of color, creativity. Generate interest in a folk toy. To cultivate independence, accuracy in work, respect for the work of folk craftsmen.
preliminary work:
Examining Dymkovo toys and talking about them;
Album review "Dymkovo toys";
Drawing elements of the Dymkovo pattern;
Compilation of stories and fairy tales, the characters of which are Dymkovo toys;
Learning poems about haze.
material, tools, equipment:
Winter landscape painting (old huts, smoke comes from the chimneys, trees in winter dress);
Dymkovo toys (turkey, young lady, bird, horse);
folk melody;
Samples of elements of Dymkovo painting.
Toys silhouettes (turkey, young lady, bird, horse, goat)- at the choice of the child;
Gouache, brushes, napkins, cups of water.
Methodological techniques:
Show and explanation of the educator;
Game motivation;
A reminder of the drawing technique;
Supervision of the work of children;
Individual explanations;
Analysis of the work of the educator and children.
Lesson progress:
Guys, I invite you to the mini-museum of the Dymkovo toy (exhibition of Dymkovo toys).
In the north of our country, in the village of Dymkovo, there are wonderful craftsmen who can make funny toys out of clay and decorate them with bright patterns. (show a picture of the winter village of Dymkovo)
Smoke comes out of the chimneys
It's like a haze all around.
blue gave,
And the big village was called Dymkovo!
In ancient times, the inhabitants of the village, young and old, sculpted clay toys for the spring fair. In winter, the whole village is covered in smoke from the fact that stoves are stoked and toys are burned. Perhaps this is where the name Dymkovo came from, and the toys began to be called Dymkovo.
Here are the toys! (show)
Toys are not simple, but Dymkovo, painted!
See what different toys Dymkovo craftsmen make!
Name who you see? (deer, lamb, horse).
Everyone has the same legs, body. Instead of wool, patterns are drawn. Masters singled out the most important thing for each animal, what distinguishes them from others: a deer has branched horns, a lamb has antlers bent in rings.
Let's look at what patterns animals are decorated with? (from circles, rings, stripes)
Guys, circles, rings, stripes are called pattern elements (large and small elements are combined)
The most famous Dymkovo toy was a female figure - a young lady, a water-carrier, a nanny with babies in her arms ... They wore bright painted skirts, aprons decorated with frills, and beads around their necks. Various patterned skirts (checkered pattern, and in each cell there are rings, circles, dots)
What elements make up the pattern on this skirt? (from stripes)
What is on the head? (kokoshniks, hats)
Important ladies!
Dymkovo craftsmen delight and amuse people with their toys.
Look and name all the colors of paints that the Dymkovo masters use to draw patterns. (red, orange, blue)
They stand out well against the white background of toys. Lots of different bright colors in the patterns! Therefore, the toys are so joyful and cheerful even on a cloudy day!
What are Dymkovo toys for? (there are toys with which they play, and there are those with which they decorate dwellings)
Toys are molded from clay, then dried in a room for several days, then fired in special ovens. Toys become hard. When the toys are cool, they are covered with white paint, then "dress up". Painted with bright colors using soft brushes.
Guys, you will also try to decorate the young lady's apron with Dymkovo patterns.
I suggest you become Dymkovo masters! Let's decorate the young lady's apron with a Dymkovo pattern. Agree to be Dymkovo masters?
1, 2, 3, 4, 5 we start to play!
Turn right, turn left
All turn into masters!
I invite you to the art workshop!
Pay attention to posture, the amount of paint collected, the correct washing off of paint from the brush in water.
finger game
Here are my helpers
Turn them however you want!
So and so, so and so
Don't get offended!
10 fingers - a pair of hands! Here is your wealth, friend!
(We keep working)
Display children's drawings.
Work analysis.
Here it is a Dymkovo apron for our young lady! Combines their colors of paints and patterns! Do you like your work?
We are all interested in looking at them!
Aprons are decorated just wonderfully!
Lyubov Frantseva
Integration:
Cognition. Communication. Health. Reading fiction. Music.
Materials and equipment:
illustrations of Dymkovo toys; Dymkovo toys; split pictures with Dymkovo toys.
Target:
Clarification and consolidation of children's ideas about Dymkovo painting as a folk craft, about the history of Dymkovo toys.
Tasks:
Educational:
To cultivate love for the folk art of Russia, Russian traditions and crafts, masters of folk art.
Developing:
Create conditions for introducing children and parents to folk art with the help of Dymkovo toys;
Expand the horizons of children and parents about the haze, the history of its occurrence;
Create a steady interest in the Dymkovo toy;
Develop attention, memory, active mental activity.
Tutorials:
To acquaint children with the Dymkovo toy and arouse their interest in this type of folk art;
To form the skills of the technical execution of Dymkovo painting;
To form in children an attitude towards color, as the most important property in the development of aesthetic taste;
To be able to select and name color shades and make a pattern of Dymkovo painting;
Be able to name the elements of Dymkovo painting;
Be able to write a short descriptive story about a toy.
Cognition.
To consolidate and clarify children's knowledge about the Dymkovo toy, its elements and colors.
Develop ideas about folk applied art and folk traditions.
Communication.
Enrich the dictionary with supporting words on the topic: Dymkovo painting, Dymkovo toy, Dymka village, circles, wavy and straight lines, a cage, dots - peas;
Write a short descriptive story about the toy;
Develop the ability to answer questions meaningfully, in a complete sentence;
Cultivate the ability to listen to each other.
Health.
Strengthen the muscles of the trunk and limbs.
Form the correct posture.
Music.
Develop emotional responsiveness to music;
To promote the development of movement to music.
Preliminary work:
drawing Dymkovo toys, modeling from salt dough, clay Dymkovo toys, making didactic games: "Learn the elements of the pattern", "Make a pattern", "Cut pictures", "Lay out the pattern", "Find the extra", "Domino", "Lotto" , viewing Dymkovo products, illustrations.
Course progress.
The children are in a group. Knock on the door. The postman Pechkin enters.
Pechkin:- Hello guys! / Children say hello /.
Pechkin:- I brought you a letter from afar, and it was sent by Marya the artisan. Want to know what's in it?
Children:- We want!
Pechkin reads a letter in which Marya the artisan invites children to the country of masters.
Educator:- Behind high mountains, blue seas there is a country of magic masters. Guys, do you want to get into this country?
Children:- Yes, we do!
Educator:- But how to find the way there?
Pechkin:- For you, Marya the artisan sent games with tasks, and if the guys complete them correctly, they will find their way to the country of magical masters.
Didactic game "Collect the whole" /cut pictures of Dymkovo toys/.
Didactic game "Find a couple."
Pechkin says goodbye and leaves. The children are doing the task.
Educator:- and now we are going to the country of masters. Let's ride horses.
Children:- The horse is waiting for me on the road,
Beats with a hoof at the gate.
Mane plays in the wind
Lush, fabulously beautiful.
I will quickly jump on the saddle,
I won't go - I'll fly!
tsok, tsok, tsok, tsok,
Click, click, click, click.
There beyond the river
I'll wave my hand to you!
Children find themselves in the country of masters, they are met by Marya the artisan.
Mary the Craftsman:- Hello, dear guests! Welcome to the land of magical masters /children are looking at Dymkovo toys/.
Conversation.
What is it?
Why are they called that?
Why is the village called Dymkovo?
What toys do you know?
What are they made of?
How did you start making this toy?
How was it painted?
What colors were used for painting?
Mary the Craftsman:- Smoke comes out of the chimneys
As if in a haze all around,
blue gave,
And the big village "Dymkovo" was called.
They loved songs, dances,
Miracles were born there.
And sculpted there from clay,
All toys are not simple,
And magically painted.
Snow-white, like birches,
Circles, cells, stripes.
Seemingly simple pattern
But you can't look away!
Mary the Craftsman:- Guys, you probably know how to tell poems and stories about haze?
1 child:- We brought clay from a distant hillock,
Get to work, miracle masters!
I'm making a horse, I'll pet it,
And I will smooth the seat with a fringe on the back!
Blind, dry and in the oven!
2 child:- And then we'll write
We will bake a toy
The oven is blazing hot.
And in the oven - no kalachi, and in the oven - no Easter cakes,
Not donuts, not cheesecakes,
And Dymkovo toys!
3 child:- Here is a smart turkey,
He's all so folded
At the big turkey
All painted sides.
4 child: How good is this girl?
Scarlet cheeks burn, amazing outfit,
The kokoshnik sits proudly,
The lady is so beautiful!
Mary the Craftsman:- Oh, what good fellows! And now let's play the game "Tetera" with you.
Mary the Craftsman:- Guys, now let's listen to stories about Dymkovo toys: about a horse, a young lady and a turkey.
1. This is a young lady. It is made of clay. Her clothes are painted with straight and wavy lines, circles, dots, checks, stripes. There are different colors in the pattern: red, green, yellow, blue. /Vlada/
2. This is a horse. It is made of clay. The horse is painted with circles and dots. The pattern has red, white and black. /Mark/
3. This is a turkey. It is made from clay. It is painted with circles, stripes, wavy lines. There are red, yellow, blue, green, black color in the pattern. /Nastya/
Maria the artisan thanks the guys. The children go back to kindergarten.
Educator:- Children, did you like our trip?
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Image Library:
Program content:
1. Clarify children's knowledge about the elements of Dymkovo painting.
2. Learn to make a pattern from individual elements of the Dymkovo painting on a rectangle.
3. Continue to learn how to correctly pick up paint on a brush, guide the brush along the pile. Introduce the "poke" technique.
4. Cultivate accuracy, perseverance, interest in drawing.
5. Expand knowledge about the surrounding reality.
Vocabulary work: dymkovskaya, poke, young lady, painted,
graceful, wavy, polka dots, stripes, multi-colored.
Material and equipment: white paper, an easel for showing drawings, gouache paints, a palette, soft brushes, brush stands, soft rags, jars of water, samples of Dymkovo painting and illustrations.
The children sat down correctly, their backs were straightened. Today in class ... (a Russian folk melody is heard).
Oh guys, what is this? Sit quietly, and I'll go and have a look.
The teacher brings in a Dymkovo toy.
Look who's visiting us today? This is a Dymkovo toy. Let's all say "Dymkovo toy" together. Such toys are made in the village of Dymkovo. They are different: cheerful ruddy young ladies, painted horses, graceful deer. The main elements of the Dymkovo toy are: wide and thin stripes, polka dots, rings, wavy lines. All Dymkovo toys are made of clay. Today in the lesson we will draw elements of the Dymkovo toy.
See how this toy is painted? - Stripes.
Guys, what color are the stripes? - Correct yellow stripes.
Look carefully how I will draw them. I take the brush in my right hand, the index finger dances on the top of the brush. I hold paper with my left hand. I pick up yellow paint, I run the brush from top to bottom along the pile. Look again, with a brush I lead from top to bottom.
Stripes can be drawn from left to right.
Stripes can be red, yellow, green.
What did I draw, Zhenya?
And now I will draw polka dots. Look carefully. I take a round stick in my right hand, hold the sheet with my left hand, pick up paint. The end of the wand points to the ceiling. I draw red polka dots. This drawing technique is called "poke". Let's all say together - poke. Well done!
Take the brushes in your right hand, let's draw stripes in the air, move the brushes from top to bottom. Again. And from left to right.
Now pick up the paint and start drawing (the teacher gives individual instructions).
Fitness minute:
All the boys need to get up
Raise your hands slowly
Squeeze your fingers, then unclench,
Hands down and so stand.
Lean to the right, to the left,
And get back to work.
We finish drawing stripes, we begin to draw polka dots. The children finish painting.
Look at each other guys. See what beautiful, interesting work you have done.
And now let's all get up quietly, take all our work and put it on the table. Tell me which work did you like the most?
Sveta, what work did you like the most? Why?
Nowadays, little attention is paid to introducing children to various types of arts and crafts, and to folk traditions. The conditions for introducing children to folk art using, for example, a folk Dymkovo toy, are not being formed sufficiently.
But it is precisely decorative drawing classes that can teach children to perceive the beautiful and kind, teach them to admire beauty.
The Dymkovo clay toy represents a brilliant artistic and pedagogical page in folk art. It’s hard to imagine a more “childish” toy, but, of course, it can only interest children in certain images: grooms, roosters, riders, ladies, etc.
The origins of man's creative forces go back to childhood - the time when creative appearances are largely involuntary and vital.
Of paramount importance is the very need for artistic creativity. It arises with a special emotional attitude to the environment, when behind the form of objects and phenomena, children discover the inner content that evokes a response in them. With a sufficient wealth of such impressions, it becomes possible for the child to express his personal experiences in the images he himself creates.
The task of the educator is to create conditions aimed at developing the artistic abilities of children, imagination and imaginative thinking, which contribute to the familiarization of children with the folk Dymkovo toy, help to consolidate the technical skills acquired earlier, teach to analyze and compare and, using the folk craft "Dymkovo Toy", optimize the process of development of creative imagination in preschool children.
Tasks to be solved when teaching children decorative drawing:
1. Introduce children to the Dymkovo toy and arouse their interest in this type of folk art.
2. Create conditions for introducing children and parents to folk art with the help of Dymkovo toys.
3. To form the skills of the technical execution of the Dymkovo painting.
4. To form in children an attitude towards color as the most important property in the development of aesthetic taste.
1. Conversations.
2. Reading fiction.
3. Didactic games.
4. Specially organized training in the form of classes.
5. Working with parents.
For a long time, preschool pedagogy has recognized the enormous educational value of folk art. By studying the close and native art of their countrymen, it is easier for children to understand the work of other peoples, to receive an initial aesthetic education.
Many preschool educational institutions are working on the topic "Introducing preschool children to Russian folk art." Of all the variety of Russian folk crafts, it is the "smoke", in our opinion, that has a versatile effect on the development of the feelings, mind and character of the child.
Work must begin with the creation of conditions for introducing children and parents to folk culture. Children are educated by everything, and, above all, by what surrounds them. You need to start gradually. To select informative literature about the folk craft "Dymka", about the features of Dymkovo patterns, about the history of this craft, to clarify the methods and techniques used to familiarize children with this craft and teach them to paint.
Teaching children should begin with examining Dymkovo toys and their images, along the way making the necessary explanations to help children understand the features of Dymkovo painting.
Dymkovo toy amazes children with its brightness, incomparable beauty, colorfulness. Contrasting combinations, bright colors applied on a white background, arouse in children an interest in the “haze”, make them want to learn how to paint like that.
The work on teaching children to draw with a Dymkovo pattern must be carried out in the following sequence:
1. Introduce children to the Dymkovo toy.
2. To form in children the skills of drawing Dymkovo patterns.
The implementation of the tasks set contributes to the preparation of a long-term plan that reflects the sequence of work.
Work is carried out in the first half of the day (at the lesson), if necessary, and in the afternoon individually.
The first lesson is aimed at in-depth acquaintance of children with the Dymkovo toy. Children are shown products, colorful illustrations. With great interest, holding their breath, the children listen to the teacher's story, because each toy can be presented vividly, emotionally, using various comparisons, epithets, poems (see below: Artistic material).
When examining Dymkovo toys or illustrations with children, attention is drawn, firstly, to the features of Dymkovo painting (how simple it is), and secondly, to the ability to express the impressions received from the perception of these products; thirdly, it is necessary to emphasize the brightness and variety of colors used in the painting of Dymkovo toys, since the child is emotionally responsive to color.
The purpose of examining the products of Dymkovo masters and their illustrations is to familiarize children with folk art and highlight the elements of Dymkovo painting.
At the same lesson, children are introduced to the elements of this painting, children learn to draw: a straight line (holding the brush vertically from a sheet of paper) and a dot-pea (poke).
It is possible that after this lesson, not every child can cope with the task. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out individual work with children outside of class, using the didactic games “Circle the Element”, in which children learn the technique of performing these elements, “Circle and Color”, which helps develop fine motor skills of the fingers, fix the color scheme with children, which is used in Dymkovo painting. All individual work is carried out taking into account the capabilities and abilities of each child.
At the next lesson, children are introduced to new elements - a wavy line, circles, and the color scheme is also fixed. More attention should be paid to the drawing technique. Before depicting any element of painting on paper, be sure to draw it in the air.
During the lesson, monitor the correct position of the hand, remind them not to take a lot of water, etc., encourage children. A sensitive, attentive and patient attitude towards the child will help to quickly cope with difficulties.
Acquaintance with the Dymkovo toy.
Magic horses.
Let's paint the outfits for the goats.
Pets.
Fairy birds.
Saucers with patterns.
The purpose of these classes is to teach the technique of drawing Dymkovo painting with a poke and brush, familiarity with the elements of painting, painting planar silhouettes.
When introducing children to one or another element, it is necessary to help children feel all the beauty and originality of the pattern, pay attention to the individuality of each pattern, every detail, and then, from lesson to lesson, children will draw individual elements more and more confidently.
Do not forget that not all children can immediately show interest in drawing patterns, so you need to give time to become interested in a folk toy, its patterns and beauty.
Walking can be a great help in introducing children to beauty. After all, observing nature gives children great joy and pleasure, often leaving an indelible mark on their lives and minds.
On the basis of these impressions, the beginnings of love for the native land, Russian nature, and our folk art are laid.
Target walks are carried out as preliminary work in preparation for the lesson. Observations can be organized with the whole group of children in the morning or evening hours. The main method in the process of observation is a conversation.
Children learn not only to observe objects of wildlife, but also to draw them with a stick on the ground, and later with pencils, paints on paper. Nature contributes to the mental development of children, their perception and attitude to color as the most important property in the development of aesthetic taste. If you teach to admire the bright colors of nature (the sky at sunset and sunrise, the intricate shape of snowflakes, the beauty of bright yellow, red autumn leaves, etc.), the child develops an artistic taste, he can better understand the world around him, he will strive to create beauty with your own hands. This will help to form in children an attitude towards color as the most important property in the development of aesthetic taste.
Preschoolers have an unstable memory, fine motor skills of the fingers are poorly developed. Therefore, it is necessary to slowly move from simple to complex, start drawing the first elements of the painting with your finger, and then with a poke and a brush. In the process of teaching drawing techniques, teach children to select and combine colors with each other according to a white background.
The child is emotionally responsive to color. He is not indifferent to wonderful combinations from gentle soft to bright, sonorous, pleasing to the eye colors. “The feeling ... of color is the most popular form of aesthetic feeling in general” (K. Marx.)
The aesthetic perception of color is associated with an emotional response and is based on the aesthetic experience of the child. The child perceives color directly, sincerely, enthusiastically. This is a very valuable quality that must not only be preserved, but also supported and developed in the learning process, since it is a condition for the development of aesthetic taste and artistic perception of color in preschoolers.
So gradually you can move on to creativity. After the technical skills in children are formed, begin to develop creative imagination in children, using didactic games in their free time that develop imagination, memory, creativity, and the ability to analyze.
Paired pictures.
Tasks: continue to introduce children to the Dymkovo toy; identify and name elements; develop attention, thinking, creative imagination, visual memory, the ability to analyze.
Decorative domino.
Tasks: to acquaint children with the elements of various murals, highlighting the elements of the Dymkovo painting; be able to find a couple; develop attention, the ability to analyze.
Collect the whole.
Tasks: to consolidate children's knowledge about the "haze"; learn to assemble a whole from several parts; develop thinking, creative imagination.
Find a couple.
Tasks: continue to acquaint children with Russian folk paintings; extract "haze" from them; develop attention, thinking, visual memory, the ability to analyze.
These games will help children come up with new compositions, children will learn to draw various patterns on their own, without the help of a teacher. When painting paper templates, children will be able to select painting elements and colors as they wish.
During the education of children, parents need to show exhibitions of children's works in order to show parents the success of their children in mastering Dymkovo painting.
At the parent meeting, you can have a conversation with parents on the topic "Artistic and aesthetic education of children in the family", in which to show the importance of educating aesthetic taste in the development of the child's personality. And therefore, the first task of the family is to develop in the child an aesthetic perception of the whole world around.
At the next parent meeting, tell about the history of the Dymkovo toy, its masters, so that parents can understand and appreciate the beauty of these clay products painted with bright colors. Such preliminary work with parents will help to interest children more, since parents, having understood the importance of this work, in turn, at home can look at illustrations and books recommended by the teacher with their children. All this contributes to the development of interest and desire in children to learn how to paint "Dymkovo" horses, birds, young ladies and riders themselves.
An effective form of work with parents will be homework, in which parents will provide invaluable assistance by drawing Dymkovo patterns at home with their children and playing didactic games.
Various types of classes are held with children: classes to communicate new knowledge to children, the purpose of which is to set cognitive tasks for children, to expand and clarify knowledge.
These classes, occupying the main place in the learning process (since children get acquainted with the history of development and features of Dymkovo painting, learn to draw elements), are held in the form of a conversation or just getting to know a new element, necessarily with the consideration of this element on Dymkovo toys, illustrations with the image of Dymkovo toys. At the end of the school year, an evening of entertainment for parents and children is held, at which the results of the work done are summed up.
And although the children's works may be far from perfect, their paintings will have all the characteristic features of "haze", and most importantly - the children will touch the art, the art of a truly folk art.
Respect for the art of one's people must be cultivated patiently and tactfully. Beauty is needed and dear to everyone, but first of all, it is necessary for children.
During the implementation of the tasks, it is necessary to monitor the results of children. To do this, an intermediate diagnosis is carried out according to certain criteria for the analysis and evaluation of images created by children, which shows the growth of children's interest in folk art, an increase in artistic, creative activity in children.
