Whether Rh positive parents be born. If the parents are Rh positive. A negative Rh factor in a child is the norm or pathology. What is Rh conflict during pregnancy

In recent decades, many couples have become very responsible for the issue of childbearing. Most of them carefully plan the birth of a child, especially if the parents have any health problems or deviations from the norm.

Many are interested in their blood type, the compatibility of parents for childbearing is largely related to this important indicator. But even more important is the Rh factor.

What is blood type and Rh factor?

There are 4 blood groups, each of which has its own characteristics

The concepts of blood group and Rh factor are relatively young. Blood transfusions from one person to another were occasionally practiced in antiquity, but did not always lead to positive results, as they sometimes caused a hemolytic conflict and the patient died. Religion, with its prohibitions on the study of the human body, also stood in the way of blood research.

The first three blood groups were discovered only in 1900 by Karl Landsteiner from Vienna, and the fourth was discovered in 1907 by the Czech Jan Jansky. The Rh factor was only identified in 1940 by Landsteiner and Wiener.

Blood type is the individual characteristics of the antigenic properties of red blood cells. In total there are 4 groups, according to the international classification, designated as follows:

• The first is 0.
• The second is A.
• The third is V.
• Fourth - AB.

When a child conceives, all four blood types are formed at once. He can inherit both paternal and maternal blood, as well as variations of the blood types of his ancestors. So the opinion that a child can have only the blood of the mother or only the blood of the father turns out to be erroneous.

Rhesus is an antigen found on the surface of red blood cells. If it is, and such people are the majority, the blood is considered Rh-positive. Part of the population does not have this protein, so their blood is called Rh-negative.

Where and how can you find out your blood type?

Rh factor is indicated by "+" or "-"

The importance of the blood group is great for all people, but it becomes especially important if you want to have children. It is equally important to know the indicators of the group and the Rh factor for people at risk, for example, the military, athletes, especially extreme sportsmen, tourists, firefighters, policemen, rescuers, huntsmen, doctors and all others whose activities are associated with a high risk of injury and loss blood.

Testing for blood type and Rh factor can be taken at any laboratory or clinic with available staff and equipment. Previously, for these purposes, they took blood from a finger, now they prefer to take a sample from a vein. This procedure is quick and almost painless.

It is better to conduct such an analysis in advance and put a stamp on the group and Rhesus in the passport.

In some countries, the military and other people at risk are required to wear patches, badges or bracelets with these vital data. Their presence in any critical situation can save a life. Special preparation for the test is not required, it is only desirable to pass it on an empty stomach. The group is determined using a special test.

Identification of the Rh factor is even more important, especially when planning a pregnancy. The test is most often carried out together with the determination of the blood group.

Compatibility of blood types of parents for conception

When a blood type is revealed, the compatibility of parents may be at risk due to a mismatch not so much in groups as in the Rh factor. Basically, the blood type matters if you have to perform a transfusion.

More information about the rezu-conflict can be found in the video:

It is believed that the first blood type is a universal donor, that is, its owner can give his blood to all other groups, and the fourth is a universal recipient, that is, all other blood types are suitable for her. Modern doctors prefer to transfuse blood of the same group in order to avoid the slightest conflict.

The incompatibility between the blood of the husband and wife is important if both have a genetic pathology that can be transmitted to the child and cause his illness or even death.

Causes and danger of Rhesus conflict

It is desirable that the Rh factor of the mother and father be the same

The mismatch of the Rh factor can cause the so-called Rh conflict. It occurs only if the mother's blood is Rh-negative, and the father's blood is positive. If the Rh matches, or the father's blood is negative, the conflict does not happen.

With a normal first pregnancy, conflict almost never occurs. In order for it to manifest, the positive blood of the fetus must mix with the negative blood of the father. At the same time, antibodies begin to be produced in the woman's body, attacking the fetus as a foreign body.

Rhesus conflict can lead to fetal rejection and termination of pregnancy.

In the normal state, the blood of the fetus and mother does not mix. Most often this occurs in the presence of pathologies of gestation and during childbirth. Since the time between mixing and the onset of the reaction is very short, doctors have time to take action and protect the baby from the development of hemolytic disease. To do this, you just need to immediately place it under special lamps.

During subsequent pregnancies, the risk is much greater, since antibodies are already present in the woman's body. But medicine does not stand still, and now, even with a negative Rh factor, women successfully become pregnant and give birth to healthy children.

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When the issue of conceiving a child is of great importance, especially if it is not possible to get pregnant for a long time, many couples turn to specialists. In fact, the family planning office must be visited from the very beginning. The examination will help determine all the compatibility factors between parents so that the baby is born healthy. The compatibility of blood types for conception plays a particularly important role.

What effect does group compatibility have on conception

The human erythrocyte membrane contains many antigens, which are protein or carbohydrate molecules. Antibodies may form in the blood serum against these antigens. By binding to antigens, antibodies cause the destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis). More than 4 dozen antigenic systems are known, but the most famous are the AB0 systems and the Rh factor, it is he who influences the success of bearing a child. All doctors agree that the main influence on the fact of conception is the state of health of the parents, and stories about the incompatibility of certain blood types, which leads to the inability to become pregnant, are a myth.

If partners, despite unprotected sexual intercourse, do not conceive at the moments of ovulation, this does not indicate the incompatibility of groups, but the presence of serious diseases, often of the reproductive system. Common ones are:

• diseases of the genitourinary system, provoked by infection;
• diseases of the thyroid gland, endocrine system;
• obstruction of the fallopian tubes, other similar pathologies;
• problems with sperm motility in men, others.

As for infectious diseases of the genitourinary system, both spouses have them at once, so treatment is prescribed for both the husband and the wife. In other cases, only one of the partners may need therapy.

Of course, genetic heredity is an important factor in determining the possibility of normal development of a child, so many women are worried about blood type compatibility. But, as already mentioned, the conception and full development of the embryo is affected by the compatibility of the parents in terms of the Rh factor of the blood.

What you need to know before conception

The main thing you need to know is which group both partners have. In addition to the analysis for its determination, it is also recommended to go for a study on antibodies to the Rh factor. The following describes in more detail in which cases a Rh conflict can occur that interferes with the bearing of a healthy child.

Also, every expectant mother needs to learn more information about such facts:

1. In some cases, problems can arise not only because of the Rh factors, but also as a result of differences in the group itself: a woman has a second, a man has a third / fourth; a woman has a third, a man has a second / fourth.
2. According to statistics, the owners of the fourth group have the most problems with bearing a fetus, so they are usually under the special supervision of a doctor.
3. The ability to conceive decreases not only because of incompatibility in blood group, it can also be affected by pelvic diseases, fibroids, cysts, and other neoplasms.

To prevent the occurrence of possible problems, it is recommended to visit a gynecologist, a family planning office before conception.

Blood group compatibility table - I, II, III, IV

Many couples strive to find out the blood type of the future baby, this can be done without waiting for his birth, and earlier than the sex of the child on ultrasound. To do this, it is enough to know the groups of both parents in order to predict the blood type of the unborn baby with a certain accuracy.

The table below helps to determine the combination of different parent groups among themselves:

The table shows that when the groups of parents are the same (except 4), then the child will have exactly the same, if they are different, he can have one of them, maybe another altogether. In some cases, for example, when parents have groups 1 and 4, children can have absolutely any group.

Rhesus conflict during conception

Rhesus conflict is a serious problem that can be an obstacle to pregnancy or successful gestation. It occurs when a woman has a negative Rh factor, and a man has a positive one, while the fetus acquires a positive gene from the father.

To understand what happens in the female body, why it rejects the fetus, it is necessary to have a shallow knowledge of genetics. When the erythrocytes of the embryo carry antigen proteins related to the positive Rh factor (Rh +), the mother's body perceives the erythrocytes of the child as foreign bodies and produces antibodies to them. These antibodies bind to antigens on the surface of red blood cells and destroy them.

However, the first pregnancy most often proceeds normally, because the circulatory circles of the fetus and mother are normally isolated from each other. Only during childbirth does the mixing of the blood of the mother and child occur - then the sensitization of the mother's body occurs, and the production of antibodies begins. By the next pregnancy, antibodies to Rh-positive red blood cells are already circulating in the maternal blood. Their feature is that they are able to penetrate into the blood of the fetus and destroy its red blood cells.

Consider how the Rh factor is inherited.

There are cases when there is a Rh-conflict.

As can be seen from the table, even if both parents are carriers of a positive Rh factor, this is not a guarantee that they will not have an Rh-negative child.

Important! Some partners do not know their Rh factor, they are not even aware of the consequences of their negligent attitude to the issue of conception. Doctors urge everyone to find out the characteristics of their blood type, doing this not only during a transfusion in a critical situation, but in advance.

Consequences of Rh conflict for the fetus

Hemolytic disease of the fetus is an inevitable consequence of the Rh conflict during conception. If the embryo managed to survive, serious changes begin to occur with it. The mother's body continues to intensively produce antibodies, when they enter the fetus's bloodstream, binding to its Rh-positive red blood cells, the latter are destroyed. This happens in the spleen of the unborn child, the newborn has an enlarged spleen.

Hemoglobin is released from collapsing erythrocytes, which, breaking up, passes into bilirubin through several successive transformations. It is the increased content of bilirubin, which has a yellow color, in the blood, organs and tissues that causes the yellow color of the child's skin - this disease is called hemolytic jaundice of newborns.

Bilirubin is neurotoxic, it can affect both the cortex and subcortical structures of the brain. Delayed effects can be paralysis, hearing impairment, mental retardation.

Also, due to the breakdown of red blood cells, their number in the blood decreases, the child develops hemolytic anemia. Since there are few erythrocytes, which are oxygen carriers, the tissues of the fetus and newborn suffer from a lack of oxygen - hypoxia and intrauterine growth retardation occur.

There are three main forms of hemolytic disease in a newborn:

1. Anemic. The easiest option. The main symptom is excessively pale skin, enlarged liver and spleen. In the blood, erythrocytes and hemoglobin are reduced. Treated with blood transfusion. Usually there are no serious health problems in the future.
2. Icteric. In addition to anemia, there is jaundice, an enlarged liver, spleen. The skin may become intense yellow or even yellow-brown. Amniotic fluid may be yellow. Reflexes in newborns are reduced, they are lethargic, they suck badly. Requires urgent treatment.
3. Edema. The most severe form. Massive intrauterine destruction of red blood cells leads to severe anemia, hypoxia, metabolic disorders, tissue edema. The fetus dies before birth or is born in an extremely serious condition with widespread edema. The skin is very pale, shiny. The child is lethargic, reflexes are depressed, severe cardiac and respiratory failure, severe enlargement of the liver and spleen, large, barrel-shaped abdomen.

Important! When registering a pregnant woman, it is imperative to determine the blood type and Rh factor of the mother and father to identify the risk of Rh conflict. It is possible to recognize hemolytic disease in the early stages if it is carried out in a timely manner on ultrasound with a mandatory study of placental blood flow, at least 3 times a blood test for the concentration of anti-rhesus antibodies is required, consultations with the attending physician are required.

Rh factors matching each other

The most optimal for successful conception are the same Rh factors for partners, and it does not matter at all what group they have. For example, 2 positive and 3 positive are perfectly combined, with conception, fetal development, there can be no problems associated with blood incompatibility.

Problems arise when a combination of 1 negative and 1 positive, and if negative - in a woman. As described above, it all depends on whose gene the fetus acquires, if the paternal one is positive, then an Rh conflict will occur.

You can determine the Rh factor in most clinics by donating blood from a finger. You can also purchase a special test sold in pharmacies. The package usually contains an applicator, containers where blood is placed, and special solutions. Doctors advise not to use such tests without special skills, but to contact the laboratory.

Incompatibility between the organisms of the mother and fetus can occur due to different Rh factors when an Rh conflict occurs. Its consequences for the child may be different: the embryo may die in utero, or be born with a certain form of hemolytic disease. There is a chance that a completely healthy baby will be born. In any case, before planning a conception, every couple is advised to contact a family planning center.

With the same Rh factor in parents, in a child it can be different?

It is not at all necessary that a child can have the same Rh as parents, it can be different and heredity matters. If the father has a negative Rh factor, then it can be passed on for generations, but more often the child has a similar Rh with the parent.

My husband and I are both Rh positive, and our son is Rh negative. Because my dad is also negative. That is, I have a chance to give the child both a positive and a negative Rh factor.

If both parents have Rh +, and one allele of the gene responsible for Rh is zero, the other is positive, then 25% of the children will have a negative Rh factor, the rest will be positive. If both parents are Rh-, then the child will be 100% Rh-. Because Rh + is a dominant gene.

The Rh factor is determined by two genes: from the father and from the mother. A carrier of two pluses (++) and a plus / minus carrier (+ -) have a positive Rh, since plus is a dominant gene.

Those. parents with a positive Rh factor can be both + -, in this case, the child can have Rh (-), i.e. negative.

If parents have the same Rh factors, this does not mean that the child will have the same Rh factors.

An example from our family.

My wife and I have a positive Rh factor (+) and a blood type.

The daughter's blood type and, surprisingly to everyone, the Rh factor is negative (-).

My husband has a negative Rh factor, and I have a positive one, both daughters have a positive Rh factor, it was not transmitted, but in general 25 percent of children can be negative, which girls would not really need

If both parents have a positive Rh factor, then the child may well be negative. A positive Rh is designated RR or Rr, it is dominant. A recessive negative - rr. Therefore, if the parents have Rh Rr (positive), then the child in 25% of cases can be negative and 75% positive (mother and father Rr, and children can be RR, Rr or rr).

And if both parents have a negative Rh factor, then the child will also be negative.

I am such a child. Both of my parents are Rh positive. And mine is negative. I found out about this only when I became pregnant and in the antenatal clinic they determined my blood type and Rh (until the age of 30 I did not know either one or the other). It was then that I began to study this issue, I found out that this is possible. Mom remembered that my grandmother (her mother) had a negative Rh factor.

Maybe the child has a completely different Rh factor than the one that the parents have, there is a dependence on genes, how strong they are, and they can manifest themselves through generations. There is no guarantee that a father and mother with a positive, the child will only have the same.

Through the generation, a negative Rh can be inherited, according to the laws of genetics, this probability is 25%. But after two generations - no longer, so if you and your husband and your parents are Rh-positive, then your child cannot be Rh-negative. If both parents are Rh-negative, then regardless of the Rh of grandparents, your child cannot be Rh-positive.

Let's talk about what you need to know about when the mother is Rh positive and the father is negative. From the article you will also learn what effect the Rh factor has on pregnancy and how the Rh conflict occurs.

Our blood has two indicators important for medicine:

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main secret

• blood type;
• Rh factor.

This information is very useful when planning a future pregnancy or in a life situation where a blood transfusion may be required.

What is the Rh factor?

When studying blood samples through numerous experiments, it turned out that mixing the blood of different people does not always give a harmonious combination and often two samples can coagulate or give a biological precipitate.

There is a special type of protein in the blood, which has a direct impact on the performance of the body as a whole, and 15% of the world's population does not have it. When mixing two samples with and without protein, an irreversible reaction occurred, these two types of blood should not be mixed. This is how the concept of the Rh factor appeared.

This discovery confirmed the importance of testing blood not only for group compatibility, but also the need to take into account the individual characteristics of the blood.

The Rh factor is a special type of protein located at the cellular level in the shell of red blood cells, which has the properties of an antigen.

The influence of different Rh factors in parents actually provokes the Rh conflict. The mother-to-be is bonded to the fetus for nine months, living life for two. The baby receives nourishment, oxygen and protection through the mother's blood. And if their Rh factors are in conflict, unforeseen circumstances are possible.

Consequences of Rhesus conflict during pregnancy

Rhesus conflict is the response of the mother's body at the immune level to the invasion of foreign agents. This is a kind of struggle of bodies from the mother's body with the antigens of the child's blood.

At the onset of the first pregnancy, the bloodstreams of the mother and fetus function separately without mixing, but in the process of childbirth, miscarriages or abortions, their blood has the opportunity to mix. As a result, antibodies to the baby's antigen are produced in the mother's blood before a new pregnancy occurs.

In the process of this struggle, the destruction of red blood cells or hemolysis occurs, which leads to the development of intrauterine anemia of the embryo. The mother feels absolutely normal, not even suspecting a threat to the health and life of the fetus.

If the parents have a conflict of Rh factors?

According to the laws of genetics, during conception and subsequent development, the child takes approximately equal parts of the DNA of both parents, respectively, the following development of situations is possible:

• Both future parents are Rh-positive or negative. There is nothing to worry about in this case, pregnancy and childbirth will pass without complications.
• Mom is Rh negative and dad is Rh positive. In this case, during pregnancy, the development of anemia, jaundice, hypoxia and dropsy of the fetus is possible. Strict medical supervision of the entire period of pregnancy is necessary.
• If only the father has a negative Rh factor, the situation develops positively. Even if the expectant mother has Rh positive antigens, despite the possibility, if the baby has inherited Rh negative from the father, the body will not fight against the fetus. In fact, the mother's body does not see unfamiliar red blood cells and has nothing to fight with.

What to do if the situation is unfavorable?

When planning a pregnancy, future parents should contact specialists who will explain the importance of the Rh factors and tell you how to proceed. Don't worry, medicine has already gone so far that there are solutions.

At present, even for women with a negative Rh factor, supervision of the entire period of pregnancy by specialists will allow them to become a mother without any problems and give birth to a healthy baby. Doctors correct the work of the maternal immune system with the help of medications.

The procedure for couples with different Rh factors is:

1. in visiting a therapist to get a referral for tests;
2. in visiting a gynecologist and recommended specialists;
3. in the delivery and receipt of test results necessary to establish the degree of health of the couple and determine the blood type and Rh factors;
4. in carrying out the vaccination measures necessary for the mother and the unborn child.

So, since it so happened that the mother's Rh factor is positive, the father's is negative, this complicates the course of pregnancy, but does not put an end to your dream of having a baby. Get optimistic, enlist the help of specialists and you will definitely succeed. Take care of yourself. 😉

Many have heard of such a term as "Rhesus conflict", but what does this term really mean? By itself, the negative Rh factor is far from being as scary as it might seem. It is not always the cause of the Rh conflict, but it is advisable to take care of its prevention as early as possible - preferably, even at the stage of pregnancy planning.

Only in this case it will be possible to reduce the likelihood of complications to a minimum. And is it really so terrible and inevitable if the expectant mother has a negative Rh-affiliation? We will analyze these issues in the article.

What is Rh blood and what does it mean when planning a child?

The Rh factor is a protein found on the surface of red blood cells. In total, there are about fifty types of these proteins. If at least one of them is present in the body of the expectant mother, then it means that she has a positive Rh factor, and if it is absent, then it is negative. At the same time, only the D antigen affects the occurrence of the Rh conflict.

The fact that a protein is present or, conversely, absent in the human body does not at all mean that it has some kind of disease or pathology. It's just a genetic trait, just like eye color, hair color, or blood type.

According to honey. statistics, Rh negative is not that common, it occurs in only 15% of people in the world. And yet, if a woman is Rh-, you need to be especially careful when planning a pregnancy, since each unsuccessful attempt can lead to serious negative consequences for the opportunity to become a mother.

How does it affect conception and fetus in the future?

The Rh factor itself does not affect the likelihood and ease of conceiving a child, but the different Rh factor of the spouses will affect how the pregnancy will later proceed. So, the most favorable case is when both potential parents have the same Rhesus, but this is not always the case. Conception will not happen faster just because of the coincidence of the couple's Rh, since this process is influenced by a lot of factors, but pregnancy will be easier when the future father and mother are both Rh-positive.

Rh-negative husband and wife also significantly reduce the risk of problems in the future.. When a child inherits a positive Rh from the father, with a negative mother's blood type, the development of an Rh-conflict disease is possible.

We offer you to watch a video about the effect of the Rh factor on the course of pregnancy:

Does the absence of the D antigen in the mother affect the bearing of the child?

Immunity protects a person from infectious diseases and this happens due to the fact that the body's antibodies destroy foreign proteins and antigens that have entered it.

If the mother's blood is Rh-negative, then, as her future baby is Rh-positive, the woman's body perceives the fetus as something alien and hostile, which is why it starts an immune attack against it. At the same time, erythrocytes in the blood of the unborn baby, which are literally destroyed, are at particular risk. This phenomenon is called Rhesus conflict and, if nothing is done, this phenomenon can lead to very unpleasant consequences.

It should be understood that Rh negative mother is not an indicator that Rh conflict is inevitable.

In the event that the woman and the future crumbs are Rh negative, these problems simply will not arise. Yes, and if the rhesus of the mother and child do not match, it also does not always occur.

Is it possible to get pregnant with different or identical values?

With a positive in a woman and a man

This combination is considered the most optimal. Most often, with it, pregnancy occurs quickly and there are no conflicts during conception.

When mom and dad are negative

As a rule, there are no problems with the possibility of conception in this case either. If there is infertility, then it is not associated with a negative Rh in both partners, but with some other reasons.

If the spouses are different

In this case, everything is not so clear. Most often, with different Rh partners, a woman manages to get pregnant, although it is not always possible to endure and give birth to a healthy child. In particular, the pregnancy of an Rh-negative mother with an Rh-positive child can lead to gestation problems, and if the situation is the opposite, then problems should not arise. The body of an Rh-positive mother will not react negatively to an Rh-negative fetus.

What is Rhesus conflict in obstetrics, and why does it occur?

Rh-conflict pregnancy - what is it?

Under this concept in obstetrics understand any pregnancy, accompanied by the production of antibodies directed against fetal cells. The Rhesus conflict itself develops according to the type, like any other immunological reaction. It occurs due to the fact that a mother with a negative Rh factor and an unborn child who has a positive Rh exchange blood.

At the same time, the mother's immune system regards the presence of the fetus in her body as an alien threat and begins to produce antibodies against it. In order for this to happen, it is enough that 35-50 ml of erythrocytes of the blood of her future crumbs enter the woman's body. However, even if there is an incompatibility of the blood of the mother and child according to the Rh factor, the Rh conflict itself does not always occur.

For example, it happens that during such a pregnancy antibodies may not be produced at all, or there are so few of them that they cannot cause serious harm to the health of the unborn baby.

There are a number of factors that increase the occurrence of Rh conflict during gestation. And not all of these reasons are associated with the ingestion of the blood of her unborn child into the body of a woman.

The more "bloody" the obstetric intervention was, the greater the risk of immunization. The same thing happens if there was no bleeding, but the placental barrier was broken.

• With a caesarean section, this risk increases by 52.5%.
• With manual separation of the placenta - by 40.3%.
• Prenatal bleeding increases it by 30%.
• And with eclampsia, when the placental barrier is broken, the risk is 32.7%.

We offer you to watch a video about what is Rh-conflict during pregnancy:

Probability when expecting a first baby

The first pregnancy is considered relatively safe in terms of Rh conflict.. The fact is that usually the placenta reliably protects the fetus from the effects of antibodies, and they themselves either do not have time to form, or, if they are produced, then in very small quantities. Simply put, the mother's body does not seem to notice the developing fetus, and therefore the production of antibodies does not occur until the child's blood begins to mix with the woman's blood.

In the normal course of pregnancy, this happens, as a rule, already during childbirth.

The likelihood of a baby coming into contact with antibodies produced by the body of his Rh-negative mother is extremely small, although it is possible. In general, the occurrence of Rh conflict during the first pregnancy is not frequent and is approximately 10%.

The probability of carrying a fetus a second time

During the second and subsequent pregnancies, the likelihood of an Rhesus conflict increases significantly. This is due to the fact that an Rh-negative woman has already developed an immune memory, which leads to an increased formation of antibodies to the D antigen contained in the blood of her Rh-positive baby.

The second and any of the subsequent pregnancies, regardless of how they proceeded and how they ended, become a catalyst that triggers the production of antibodies in the mother's body.

However, this does not mean at all that a woman who has given birth to one child can no longer become pregnant, since this will certainly lead to an Rhesus conflict. It's just that a woman needs to be more careful and responsible in controlling antibodies.

And the first thing that is required is not to refuse the injection of anti-Rh immunoglobulin when prescribed by the attending obstetrician-genecologist, if you plan to endure and give birth to a second baby healthy. This will bind foreign Rh-positive antigens and prevent the development of antibodies in the mother's body, which significantly reduces the risk of complications during a subsequent pregnancy.

If during the first pregnancy antibodies were not produced, and the immunoglobulin serum was administered on time, then when carrying a second baby, the probability of an Rhesus conflict will be equal to the same initial 10%.

What is the danger in the development of conflict?

Rhesus conflict can be very dangerous during pregnancy, as antibodies seriously attack the fetus and destroy its red blood cells. With Rhesus conflict, massive destruction of red blood cells is observed, because of which a large amount of bilirubin, which has pronounced toxic properties, is released into the blood.

As a result, all organs and tissues of the fetus are damaged, but the nervous system of the baby suffers especially strongly, for example, the tissues of his brain soften, which can lead to mental retardation. The spleen and liver, the main purpose of which is precisely to rid the body of bilirubin, do not cope with their function. And the mass death of red blood cells itself leads to the fact that anemia and hypoxia develop in the crumbs.

All these three factors, running together, lead to a serious complication - hemolytic disease of the fetus.

The consequences of complications - hemolytic disease of the fetus can be:

As for the Rh-negative mother, who has become the unwitting culprit of all these troubles, then the Rh-conflict in itself, most likely, will not affect her health, even if the developing fetus has any serious pathologies.

Sometimes, but not always, with a Rh conflict, a future mother may develop preeclampsia, which is a truly serious complication.

We offer you to watch a video about the dangers of Rhesus conflict:

Why can't you have an abortion?

Why is it impossible to terminate the pregnancy with a negative Rh in the mother?

Doctors do not recommend that Rh-negative women have abortions, except for medical reasons, but even in this case, it is advised to think carefully before making such a decision. With each subsequent pregnancy, antibodies in a woman's body are produced at an increasing rate and in increasing quantities. And the possibility of successful bearing of the fetus at times decreases with each termination of pregnancy.

Parental Blood Type Compatibility Chart

What to do for prevention?

Even at the planning stage of pregnancy, a woman needs to do a blood test in order to determine her group (if this has not been done before) and Rh affiliation. In the event that the potential mother turns out to be negative, it will be necessary to find out the Rh affiliation of the future father. This should be done before pregnancy in order to keep the formation of antibodies under control from the very beginning.

It is advisable to get expert advice at the planning stage regarding the possible risks of Rhesus conflict during gestation and its possible outcome.

It is important in this situation to treat family planning methods with all possible responsibility.

That is, do not have abortions and try to keep the first pregnancy as much as possible. And from the very beginning, from about 7-8 weeks, it is recommended to register and be observed by a doctor so that in case of complications associated with a negative Rh factor, the necessary assistance was provided to the expectant mother in a timely manner.

Receive all the necessary appointments from the observing obstetrician-gynecologist, including mandatory vaccination with human immunoglobulin anti-Rhesus rho (d).

Summing up, I would like to say that the negative Rh factor itself is far from being as scary as it might seem.. It is not always the cause of the Rh conflict, but it is advisable to take care of its prevention as early as possible - preferably, even at the stage of pregnancy planning. Only in this case it will be possible to reduce the likelihood of complications to a minimum.

Another point that women with a negative Rh factor must strictly follow. The first pregnancy proceeds in the most favorable way, even if the fetus has "positive" blood, so make every effort not to interrupt it. Abortions in women with a negative Rh factor are fraught with serious complications and further infertility, so choose from the existing arsenal of contraceptives that is right for you so that the child is desired. Be healthy!

If you are Rh negative and your husband (child's father) is Rh positive, we recommend that you read this article carefully.