Varicose veins during pregnancy in the groin: causes, symptoms, treatment. What to do with varicose veins in the groin during pregnancy Varicose veins in pregnant women in the groin

Varicose veins in the groin during pregnancy is a fairly common disease, which is characterized by expansion and pathological changes in the veins of the external genital organs (PGO) and brings discomfort, anxiety and, often, fear to expectant mothers. Most often, this disease first occurs or progresses markedly during pregnancy. And now let's sort it out in order, why, in this most beautiful and important period, women have to face this problem.

Causes

During pregnancy, many changes occur in the body and most of them are not visible to the naked eye. The well-known hormone progesterone, responsible for the preservation and development of pregnancy, acts not only on the uterus, but also on the veins, or rather on their smooth muscle cells, thereby reducing their tone. This is the first and most important cause of varicose veins of the labia during pregnancy. Progesterone begins its negative effect on the venous wall from the earliest dates, when a woman only finds out that she will soon become a mother.

information The influence of hereditary factors should also not be underestimated. If your mother, older sister, grandmother suffered from this disease, then be prepared to meet him and you. In addition, another trigger is the pressure of a rapidly growing pregnant uterus on the vessels of the small pelvis and the difficulty of outflow of blood through the veins. And the last causative factor is the rapid increase in body weight over nine months.

Symptoms

Outwardly, NPO varicose veins are very similar to those on the lower extremities. Here are the main symptoms of varicose veins of the labia during pregnancy:

• spider veins, nodules;
• an increase in the size and deformation of the shape of the veins and the labia themselves;
• discoloration and dryness of the skin in the affected areas;
• itching, discomfort and soreness.

If you have found one or more of the above signs in yourself, you should definitely contact your gynecologist. To confirm the diagnosis and determine the stage, you will be assigned additional examination. First of all, you will need to take tests - a complete blood count with a platelet level and a detailed one, which must include the following indicators: PTI (prothrombin index), APTT (activated partial thromboplastin time), fibrinogen A and B, INR (international normalized ratio) .

Treatment

Treatment of varicose veins in the groin during pregnancy is conservative. First of all, it includes a change in lifestyle and nutrition. It is necessary to move as much as possible, since during walking the work of the muscular-venous valves increases and the outflow of blood improves. A visit to the pool 2-3 times a week has a positive effect on the venous system and on the body of a pregnant woman in general. Salty, fried, smoked and fatty foods should be excluded from the diet. Watch your weight gain. If you are gaining more than 300 grams per week, you need to arrange a fasting day (cottage cheese, apple or rice).

Wear compression stockings and don't forget to take them with you to the hospital, they help to reduce pressure in the veins of the pelvis, NPV and lower extremities. A vascular surgeon will assist you in choosing the type of stocking and compression class after consultation. It is necessary to know and clearly observe the general principles of wearing compression underwear:

• use it daily;
• put on in the morning without getting out of bed;
• wash daily.

Of the medications, you may be prescribed venotonic (improving the tone of the veins) general and local use (venotonics). Topical preparations include various gels and ointments, which include gingo biloba, troxerutin, heparin. General action venotonics include substances such as diosmin, hesperedin and the same troxerutin. In the pharmacy network, these drugs are represented by a wide range of different trade names (Detralex, Flebodia,). They should be taken only after consulting a doctor.

additionally For most women, varicose veins in the groin go away after childbirth. However, in some cases it may be necessary operational intervention. In modern vascular surgery, along with classical phlebectomy (removal of varicose veins), laser and radiofrequency coagulation of pathologically altered veins are widely and successfully used.

Every pregnant woman who faces this problem should follow all the recommendations of her gynecologist. With severe varicose veins in the groin, prenatal hospitalization at 38-39 weeks will be required for additional examination and determination of the method of delivery. Most often, childbirth takes place on its own and without any complications. And only in cases of extensive varicose veins, NGO obstetrician-gynecologists have to resort to delivery by caesarean section. Surgery is necessary in this case due to the risk of bleeding. , which may occur due to rupture of varicose veins of the vagina during childbirth.

Varicose veins of the perineum during pregnancy (labia, vulva, vagina) is one of the abnormalities that can occur in a woman's body. It is a pathological expansion of the veins located in the groin. The disease not only causes a woman physical and emotional discomfort, but also threatens with complications during pregnancy and the birth process. This is due to the fact that varicose veins of the external genitalia are often associated with varicose changes in the pelvic vessels located around the pregnant uterus. If varicose veins are found in the groin during pregnancy, what should a woman do to avoid unpleasant consequences? Let's talk about this in more detail.

Causes

For the occurrence of varicose veins of the perineum during pregnancy, a number of prerequisites are created:

1. The hormonal background during pregnancy undergoes significant changes. Significantly increases the level of the hormone progesterone, the action of which is aimed at prolonging and maintaining pregnancy. Progesterone also has additional effects - it causes degeneration of the connective tissue fibers that form the wall of the veins. As a result, the veins lose their inherent elasticity and become more pliable.
2. The multiply enlarged pregnant uterus exerts excessive pressure on the veins, through which blood is drained from the entire lower body (including the groin). Violation of the outflow of blood leads to an increase in pressure in the veins.
3. During pregnancy, a woman significantly increases the volume of blood circulating in the vessels, which is explained by the appearance of an additional placental circulatory system. An increase in the volume of circulating blood naturally leads to an increase in pressure in the veins and their stretching.
4. The increase in body weight during pregnancy is also a factor contributing to the increase in pressure in the venous system. The greatest load falls on the veins of the lower body.

These factors collectively affect the wall of the veins, causing pathological vasodilation. First of all, the saphenous veins undergo changes, which do not have support in the form of a layer of muscles along their length.

The influence of factors becomes pronounced in the second or third trimester of pregnancy, so the symptoms of varicose veins of the labia usually appear by 18-20 weeks of pregnancy.

In most cases, pathology is not considered a contraindication to natural childbirth. After the birth of a child, the expansion of the veins in the inguinal region disappears by itself.

Symptoms and diagnosis of varicose veins of the labia during pregnancy

Varicose veins of the inguinal region are manifested by specific symptoms:

• swelling, expansion of the subcutaneous, located in the perineum, up to the formation of large painful nodes;
• swelling of the labia, their increase in size;
• pain in the perineal region with irradiation to the sacral region, to the lower limbs, aggravated after physical exertion, urination, sexual intercourse;
• trophic disorders of the skin of the labia (dryness, spider veins, pigmentation, irritation);
• itching, numbness, burning of the skin of the labia;
• urination disorders;
• in severe cases - difficulty walking, sitting.

A vivid clinical picture leaves no doubts about the diagnosis. Additionally, a study of the coagulation system (coagulogram) and ultrasound of the vessels (in order to exclude the presence of blood clots in the system of the inferior vena cava) are prescribed.

What to do if a pregnant woman has varicose veins in the groin

It is possible to completely get rid of the symptoms of varicose veins in the groin only after the cessation of exposure to the factors that provoke its appearance, that is, after childbirth. During pregnancy, therapy is prescribed to help reduce the severity of the symptoms of the disease and prevent its progression.

• it is forbidden to lift objects whose mass exceeds 3 kg;
• rest in a pose lying on the left side with the knees brought to the stomach;
• moderate regular physical activity;
• wearing comfortable shoes with low, stable heels;
• prevent pathological weight gain;
• daily bowel movements, for which it is necessary to enrich the diet with fiber (vegetables, fruits);
• classes in the pool;
• exclude hot baths, use a shower for hygienic purposes;
• use comfortable underwear made from natural materials;
• carefully observe intimate hygiene.

It is necessary to teach the patient the elements of therapeutic exercises, which significantly reduces pain in case of varicose veins of the labia. Postures are practiced that facilitate the outflow of venous blood from the lower body, for example, standing on all fours with the head lowered to the floor and the pelvis raised.

A good effect is achieved when wearing compression underwear. There is an acceleration of blood flow, a decrease in congestion and the severity of symptoms.

Drug therapy includes the use of venotonic agents (tablets, gels, ointments) - Detralex, Venoruton, Troxerutin, Lyoton. With a pronounced pathological process, the use of blood thinners (antiplatelet agents) is indicated: Curantil, Trental, Aspirin.

Medicamentous prescription is carried out exclusively by a doctor. Self-medication is a danger to the health and life of the fetus.

Prevention methods

Effective measures for the primary prevention of varicose veins of the perineum are:

• regular examination by an obstetrician-gynecologist;
• daily walks;
• taking a contrast shower;
• food that prevents constipation;
• physiotherapy.

Genital varicose veins refers to completely treatable pathologies. Modern medicine can reduce the severity of painful symptoms and alleviate the condition of a woman. To do this, you need to diagnose the disease in time and resort to the help of a specialist.

Most often, the foci of varicose veins are localized in the region of the lower extremities, because it is they who are subjected to a large functional load every day, but it happens that VRV also affects the pelvic organs. So, inguinal varicose veins often occur during pregnancy.

Causes of the problem

Varicose veins in pregnant women in the groinbecomes a consequence:

• Hormonal changes in the body of the expectant mother. The bearing of the fetus is accompanied by increased production of progesterone, a hormone that causes the degeneration of connective tissue fibers. This is what causes the veins to lose their elasticity.
• Enlargement of the uterus in size. The body exerts increased pressure on the veins of the small pelvis, blood flow is disturbed.
• An increase in the volume of blood circulating in the body. The liquid presses on the vascular walls, which, in turn, cannot cope with the increased load, deform, lengthen, stretch.
• Excess body weight and, as a result, increased pressure on the venous walls.

How the disease develops

Varicose veins during pregnancy in the groin goes through several successive stages of its development. So, at first, saphenous veins undergo pathological changes - they are deprived of a supporting layer of muscles. Typically, the typical symptoms of inguinal varicose veins during pregnancy "declare themselves" closer to the 20th week. So, superficial veins become visually visible to the naked eye, the labia swell, large varicose nodes are visible on them. Patients may experience recurrent pain in the intimate area, which radiates to the lower back, legs.