What can a pregnant woman eat. Healthy eating during pregnancy

Pregnancy is an amazing state of a woman, in which, along with many positive aspects, there are certain prohibitions. A certain list of products is indicated that are contraindicated for women in position, for example, coffee or alcoholic beverages. There are also many things that can harm in an interesting position, so they are also unacceptable. It is very dangerous to lift weights or take a too hot bath. But there are also absolutely superstitious prohibitions that are unlikely to harm, but women are very afraid to break them. Let's look at all these "no" and why they are so important during the gestation period.

For the first time noticing two stripes on a pregnancy test, a woman is at a loss: what should she eat now so that the products do not harm the baby and benefit him? Therefore, we will consider foods and drinks that are categorically not recommended for use during pregnancy.

What not to eat during pregnancy: forbidden food

A pregnant woman needs to be aware that the food she eats serves as a biological building material for the development of the child's body, so it should be of better quality and healthier. Doctors agree on one thing - the diet should be dominated by fruits and vegetables, cereals, dairy products and animal proteins. Also, a woman in position needs a full supply of clean drinking water and taking vitamin preparations (as prescribed by the doctor).

A separate item in the diet of a pregnant woman are restrictions on certain foods and drinks. They can adversely affect both the woman herself and the development of the baby. Why can't you eat certain foods while pregnant?

The main reason is the vulnerability of the internal organs, especially the stomach, which undergoes strong changes after conception. The location of organs changes, metabolism decreases and the tone of all muscles, including the intestines, weakens. Therefore, the usual diet before pregnancy can be a serious test for the digestive system in its new position. That is why during pregnancy you should not get involved in spicy and heavy foods.

In addition, restrictions are imposed on the so-called harmful products with flavorings, E-additives, and other unhealthy substances. This is due to the fact that these products enter the baby through the placenta and disrupt its normal development.

And finally, some taboos in nutrition can be caused by various chronic diseases, toxicosis or allergic manifestations in the expectant mother. Therefore, often prohibited products are selected individually.

So, what foods are not allowed during pregnancy:

• Sausages. Fragrant sausages and sausages have long ceased to be useful. It is enough to take a quick look at the composition and it becomes clear that there is no smell of meat there. And instead of animal raw materials, there are huge quantities of spices, fat, dyes and other substances that have a toxic effect on the fetus.
• Sweets. Cheesecakes, marmalade, halva and other sugar-containing goodies are a source of empty “fast” carbohydrates. These products are instantly transformed into excess weight and do not carry any nutritional value. As a result, a woman quickly gains weight, which has a bad effect on the overall course of pregnancy - there is pain in the lower back, tachycardia annoys, the fetus excessively increases in weight.
• Allergenic products. Chocolate, citrus fruits, seafood can cause allergies, even if this was not the case outside of pregnancy. After conception, against the background of reduced immunity, the female body can react in a completely new way to the products familiar to it, especially if they are capable of provoking allergies. Therefore, being in the first trimester of pregnancy, what you can and cannot eat from the “allergenic” list, your doctor should tell you.
• Legumes. Corn, peas, beans contribute to increased flatulence. These products are especially contraindicated starting from the second trimester, when the uterus is actively growing and begins to compress the organs. If legumes are abused, a woman will suffer from pain, bloating, and indigestion.
• Salted and smoked dishes. Such food colossally “loads” the liver and kidneys. This can end, at best, with heartburn and toxicosis, and at worst, preeclampsia, pancreatitis, and renal failure. It is especially important to remember that it is impossible to get involved in hot spices in early pregnancy, as they can worsen the course of toxicosis.
• Semi-finished products, sauces, croutons. Such products are simply oversaturated with harmful ingredients. They disrupt metabolic processes and worsen digestion. As a result, a pregnant woman feels unwell, and the baby is deficient in nutrients and receives a whole set of E-supplements instead. In addition to all of the above, doctors advise to refrain from eating sugary soda, undercooked meat and raw eggs, fast food and other foods that are not related to a healthy diet.

Why you shouldn't drink coffee during pregnancy

Drinking coffee during pregnancy is a topical and controversial issue. Although doctors do not advise, they do not oppose moderate consumption of weak coffee during pregnancy, however, no more than 1 cup. But there are some experts who are categorically against this practice.

Abuse of coffee during gestation can be fatal for a woman. Studies show that more than three cups a day can provoke a miscarriage, a hypertensive crisis, especially if a woman has the prerequisites for the development of preeclampsia. There is also a risk of developing hypocalcemia syndrome and potassium deficiency. These two elements are abundantly flushed out of the body along with the caffeine present in coffee.

Important! During pregnancy, it is not the coffee itself that harms, but the caffeine contained in it. Therefore, women in position need to limit other tonic drinks - a strong infusion of black and green tea leaves, Coca-Cola, and energy drinks.

Why you shouldn't drink alcohol or smoke while pregnant

Even small doses of low-alcohol drinks can cause malformations in a baby or serious complications in a woman during childbirth. Alcohol is especially dangerous in the first trimester, when the embryo is being formed. Regular exposure to alcohol on the fetus negatively affects the formation of its vascular and nervous system.

The same restrictions apply to nicotine. Obstetric practice has long proven that smoking during gestation increases the risk of lung underdevelopment in the baby. In addition, the intrauterine effect of nicotine on the fetus threatens in the future with an asthmatic component and reduced immunity.

What herbs are not allowed during pregnancy

Due to inexperience, pregnant women resort to herbal medicine, considering homeopathy much safer than drugs. In fact, there are many herbal plants that can cause miscarriage, premature delivery, increase blood pressure or exacerbate chronic diseases.

All pregnant women need to remember well what is impossible during pregnancy:

• oregano;
• cotton root;
• saffron (crocus);
• barberry;
• tansy;
• juniper;
• large celandine;
• sagebrush;
• nutmeg;
• swamp mint.

Also, during gestation, it is forbidden to use all essential oils. Moreover, it is not allowed to take them inside, use them externally or for aromatherapy. This precaution is caused by an increased risk of developing severe allergic attacks, unplanned development of the birth process and a pathological reaction of the cardiovascular system.

Advice! Not all herbs are dangerous during pregnancy, and some of them can be very helpful to a woman during an illness. Rosehip, peppermint and white tea will help to cope with a cold, ginger tea with lemon will stop indomitable vomiting, and lingonberry leaf will relieve puffiness.

Prohibitions and pregnancy: what can and cannot be done during pregnancy

During pregnancy, a woman is observed by a gynecologist for nine months. The doctor constantly monitors the woman's health and, given her condition, may recommend some restrictions in various areas of life. So, with the threat of a miscarriage, physical activity, intimacy may be contraindicated. If a woman has venous insufficiency, it is contraindicated for her to stand or sit for a long time. Well, without exception, all ladies in a position are forbidden to be nervous and overwork. However, let's look at all these "don'ts" in order.

Sex during pregnancy: when not?

For some reason, women think that it is impossible to have sex during a short period of pregnancy. Indeed, there are situations when intimacy is contraindicated. First of all, it is a threat of miscarriage due to uterine hypertonicity, improper placement of the placenta, or hormonal disorders. Sex in this case will contribute to a sharp contraction and tension of the uterus, which can worsen the woman's condition.

If there are no such contraindications, then intimacy is even welcome, especially in the last weeks of gestation. It turns out that semen contains special substances - prostaglandins - that soften the cervix, thereby preventing ruptures during childbirth.

What not to do in sports during pregnancy

If a woman leads an active lifestyle, playing sports, then with the onset of pregnancy she will have to make some adjustments to her daily routine. It is better to abandon exercises with a sharp range of motion, strength training, as well as excessive stress on the back.

Advice! The best option for sports during pregnancy is yoga, Pilates, swimming according to a special program for pregnant women.

Why You Shouldn't Fly in an Airplane While Pregnant

Travel and travel are not contraindicated during pregnancy if it proceeds without complications. You can choose any transport, except for the plane. There is a constant fluctuation in atmospheric pressure in the air, which can disrupt the normal course of pregnancy. During the flight, a woman's blood pressure may increase, and if the gestational age exceeds 7 months, contractions may even begin.

Why You Shouldn't Sleep on Your Back During Pregnancy

Starting in the second trimester, it is best for pregnant women to avoid lying on their back while sleeping. In this period, the uterus with the baby is already quite large, and in this position it strongly presses on the diaphragm, blood vessels and internal organs.

If you do not follow the advice of doctors, the flow of blood through the veins will slow down, which will cause headaches, exacerbation of hemorrhoids, varicose veins of the pelvic organs and back pain.

Advice! The optimal position for a pregnant woman is to sleep on her left side.

Why you can't cross your legs during pregnancy

Sitting in this position during pregnancy can cause many complications. Firstly, there is a strong pressure on the bottom of the uterus and a deterioration in blood circulation, which causes oxygen deficiency in the baby. Secondly, the vein under the knee is pressed down, which can provoke or aggravate the already existing varicose veins of the legs. And, thirdly, it causes pain in the back and pubis.

Why You Shouldn't Lift Weights During Pregnancy

With a normal pregnancy, it is permissible for a woman to lift no more than 5 kg, and if there is a threat of interruption, then nothing more than 1 kg can be lifted at all. Although everything is very individual and depends on the health of the woman. In any case, it is better to avoid carrying weights, because it threatens not only with a miscarriage, but also with spinal injuries, varicose veins, including hemorrhoids.

Why You Shouldn't Raise Your Hands During Pregnancy

The ban on raising hands during pregnancy is a common superstition. And if you believe him, this position causes the umbilical cord to wrap around the baby. But it also has medical indications. The fact is that with strongly raised hands, an overstrain of the uterus occurs, the general blood circulation is disturbed, and dizziness appears. All these symptoms are unacceptable for the period of pregnancy, so it is better to avoid raising your hands abruptly.

Why you shouldn't be nervous during pregnancy

The relationship with nervous disorders in a newborn and frequent stress in a woman during pregnancy is a long-established fact. In addition, all pregnant women are forbidden to be nervous, as this increases the risk of developing a variety of pathologies - placental abruption, hypertension, diabetes, psoriasis and other diseases during pregnancy.

What not to do during pregnancy: myths and superstitions

Women planning a pregnancy, or already happy pregnant women, assign a special role to various superstitions and signs. Their essence sometimes causes real bewilderment, but women diligently continue to believe in them and worry about this, giving rise to many fears and doubts. Consider the most popular among them.

Myth #1. Why should you not cut your hair while pregnant?

Since biblical times, hair has been considered something sacred, personifying the course of life. Perhaps for this reason, the opinion has been entrenched that cutting hair during pregnancy shortens the life of the unborn baby. In fact, there is no evidence for such a mythical relationship, so visiting the hairdresser in such a delicate state is left to the consideration of the woman.

Myth number 2. Why can't you dye your hair during pregnancy?

This superstition has similar roots to the previous myth. It says that dyeing hair while carrying a child can make his fate miserable.

In fact, the danger may lie elsewhere - old-generation paints (ammonia) can penetrate into the mother's body, and therefore to the fetus, causing some complications. Therefore, if you want to look beautiful during pregnancy, use only ammonia-free paints.

Myth #3. Why should pregnant women not touch cats?

The older generation always scolds pregnant women when they want to cuddle a cat. In their opinion, this will cause a large number of enemies in the child. Official medicine has another explanation, and it is absolutely logical. If a woman did not have toxoplasmosis before conception, she can become infected from a carrier of the disease - a cat. Although, if the animal is domestic and healthy, then there is no such danger.

Myth number 4. Why can't pregnant women sew, knit, embroider?

Everything that concerns a needle and thread during pregnancy is considered unacceptable. According to superstition, a woman can “sew up” the entrance to our world for a baby, or a child can get tangled in the umbilical cord. Such beliefs are of an associative nature and do not affect the course of pregnancy in any way if the woman does not overwork during such an occupation.

Myth number 5. Why can't women get their teeth cleaned?

Such a statement was relevant several decades ago, when pain and fear during a dentist appointment could cause pregnant women to faint, panic attacks, and even threaten miscarriage. And according to superstition, this could cause a strong fright in the baby.

Now, with the availability of safe pain medication, modern technology and the comfort of the procedure, dental treatment during pregnancy is completely acceptable and even welcomed. After all, it is known that teeth during gestation often begin to deteriorate due to calcium deficiency, and if you postpone treatment for later, you can completely lose your teeth.

Summing up, we can say with confidence that women during pregnancy in the choice of products, sports and transport need to be very careful. Therefore, immediately discuss with the obstetrician-gynecologist all possible prohibitions even at the time of registration.

Video "Pregnancy in trimesters: do's and don'ts"

The problem of a balanced, really high-quality nutrition is relevant for every pregnant woman. What should you eat? How many? How often? What is harmful and what is useful? How to eat so that the baby, for example, has strong teeth, and the mother has beautiful hair?
We will try to answer these questions and help you make the right and varied diet.

Nutrition rules for pregnant women- These rules are quite simple, and if you follow them, pregnancy and childbirth will be easier, and the baby will be born healthy.
The main principle of nutrition is moderation, the main trend is to reduce the daily ration to the necessary minimum, the main condition for the correct construction of the diet is the variety and quality of food.

Rule 1. Do not overeat, that is, leave the table with a feeling of slight hunger. Just because you need to feed one more person doesn't mean you need to eat a lot. The feeling of heaviness in the abdomen is quite unpleasant and it affects the child badly.

Rule 2. Try to keep your normal diet. If the food is taken on time, then your body will already be “ready” for its processing, and therefore, it will be better digested and assimilated.
We do not recommend eating immediately after waking up from sleep and less than 2-3 hours before going to bed. The normal interval between meals is 4-5 hours.

Rule 3. Do not eat if there is no desire. Remember that food is well absorbed only if there is an appetite.

Rule 4. Include in the daily diet as many vegetables, fruits, berries in their natural form as possible. If there is not enough natural raw food, then you can replenish the supply of vitamins and trace elements with the help of natural biologically active food supplements Gai-bao and Spirulina.

Rule 5. Limit yourself to refined foods, canned foods, and foods containing dyes. The effect of preservatives and dyes on fetal development has not yet been fully studied. Many of the preservatives found in the margarines, gums and bars sold here are banned in Europe. Therefore, exclude from your diet all food related to "fast food".

Rule 6. It is advisable to exclude fried, salty and sweet foods. Excessive consumption of glucose can lead to fetal obesity, will create a child's predisposition to diabetes. Salt in excess amounts (2-3 g is enough for a person) slows down the metabolism and causes salt deposits in the joints.

Rule 7. Try to eat traditional food, that is, characteristic of your nation. In the hope of the almighty vitamin C, a Russian mother eats a lot of foreign oranges and thereby creates all the conditions for the onset of diathesis in a baby at the age of one. What is the reason? The organism of the "northern" child does not produce enzymes for the processing of citrus fruits. The fact is that these enzymes are not genetically formed, since citrus fruits were not included in the diet of our ancestors. As a result, the baby's body begins to produce antibodies in response to antigens (citrus essential oils). If a pregnant woman regularly consumes sweet citrus fruits, the child's body will begin to produce antibodies to any other sweet fruits and jams from them. Even apples can become forbidden fruit.

We do not forbid you to eat tangerines, lemons, oranges, but we only ask you to observe the measure. By the way, there is a lot of the notorious vitamin C in fresh nettles, cabbage and cranberries, bell peppers - typically Russian products.

Diet of a pregnant woman- In the diet of a pregnant woman should be 100-120 g of protein per day, of which 70-90 g - of animal origin (milk, cottage cheese, cheese, eggs, meat, fish). We advise you to drink sour-milk drinks more often (kefir, fermented baked milk, yogurt).
During pregnancy, the need for fats is 80-100 g, of which at least 20 g are vegetable.
Carbohydrates in the diet of a pregnant woman should be no more than 350-400 g per day. An excess of carbohydrates leads to the formation of an excessively large fetus, and such children are much more likely to be injured during childbirth. Therefore, we advise in the second half of pregnancy to reduce the amount of carbohydrates to 300-350 g per day by reducing the amount of bread, flour products, and sugar in the diet.

A pregnant woman should consume fresh vegetables and fruits, berries, garden greens daily in order to provide her body and the developing fetus with mineral salts and vitamins in sufficient quantities. With a lack of the above, use dietary supplements containing vitamins and trace elements.

Iodine, magnesium, polyunsaturated fatty acids are necessary for the normal development of the fetus. They are found in seafood (ocean fish, shrimp, seaweed, spirulina).

Based on the recommendations of the Institute of Nutrition of the Academy of Medical Sciences, the daily set of products for women in the first half of pregnancy may be as follows:
meat - 150 g
fish - 50 g
egg - 1 pc.
milk - 500 ml
sour cream - 20 g
vegetable oil - 20 g
different vegetables - 400-500 g
fruits - 400-500 g
sugar - 40 g
rye bread - 150 g
wheat bread - 150 g
cottage cheese - 200 g
butter - 25 g
cereals and pasta - 60 g
potatoes - 150 g

In the second half of pregnancy, you need to increase the amount of proteins, and reduce carbohydrates. During this period, the specialists of the Institute of Nutrition of the Academy of Medical Sciences recommend the following distribution of the diet: breakfast - 30%, lunch - 40%, afternoon tea - 10%, dinner - 20%. The last meal should take place 2-3 hours before bedtime and consist of easily digestible foods (kefir, curdled milk, cottage cheese with sour cream, honey).

Strong teeth for mom and baby- During pregnancy in women, the need for calcium increases several times, especially in the first trimester, when the process of formation of the fetal skeleton takes place. With a lack of calcium, fluorine or phosphorus, these trace elements are taken from bones and teeth. Therefore, the diet of a pregnant woman should be saturated with calcium and related elements, that is, those elements without which it cannot be absorbed.
Strengthening of teeth, prevention of caries is especially facilitated by products containing fluorine (mainly sea fish) and calcium (cottage cheese, cheese, milk). If you take such food more often, provide your child with breastfeeding, and then a variety of foods (from cereals and carrots to meat and bread crusts), then, most likely, the baby will come to the dentist exclusively for preventive examinations.
The best way to replenish calcium in the body of a pregnant woman is Gai-bao biocalcium, which is especially recommended for women during pregnancy and lactation. The calcium absorption rate of this drug exceeds 90% and it is truly a unique product of modern biotechnology.
Dentists advise teaching a child to hold each sip of milk in his mouth for 2-3 minutes. So it is necessary to drink not all the milk due to the age of the child, but at least half a glass a day. However, more effective, according to dentists, will be the child's compliance with the basic rules of hygiene. In the meantime, eat fish and drink milk!

Everyone knows that the health of the unborn child largely depends on the lifestyle that the mother led during pregnancy. A pregnant woman should walk a lot, not overwork and eat well. However, not everyone knows that during the bearing of a child, a number of products should be consumed as little as possible, and some should be completely excluded from your diet.

All food that is more or less harmful to both the expectant mother and her baby can be divided into 3 categories:

1. Products allowed for use in strictly limited quantities.
2. food , from which it is better to abstain or take it as little as possible.
3. Products strictly prohibited for pregnant women.

Foods and drinks that are allowed in limited quantities

This means that you should not completely exclude the following products, you just need to limit their consumption rates:

Important! You can’t drink coffee first, then tea, and then another cocoa with chocolate during the day. You need to choose either any one drink or drink all in small portions so that the total dose of caffeine per day does not exceed the norm.

Foods to eat as little as possible

After a woman, it can be difficult for her to immediately switch to proper nutrition, especially if before that her diet contained not very healthy, but tasty foods.

Therefore, you need to gradually reduce the consumption of such food to a minimum:

What foods to eat during pregnancy is prohibited

Some products can cause significant harm to the health of the unborn child.

To bear a healthy, strong baby, the expectant mother will have to not only change her daily routine, but also her taste preferences. She should use only products that are healthy for the unborn child and the mother herself.

Happiness, agonizing expectation, anticipation and even fear - all these feelings inevitably accompany pregnant women. And it is very important during this period not to surrender to emotions, but to remember the responsibility, which is also an integral part of it. It is at this time that the most important is the observance of the basics of a healthy lifestyle. Almost all of them apply to pregnancy, although some require minor changes.

Proper nutrition during pregnancy is most relevant, since it is on what a woman eats that largely depends on how her child will develop. For example, whether a pregnant woman receives enough protein depends on whether the child will have enough building material. Protein nutrition for pregnant women is very, very important.

In addition, many products have the most detrimental effect on the condition and development of the child, and on the well-being of the mother. Of course, such products must be abandoned. It makes sense to take into account one important feature: proper nutrition in early pregnancy will be somewhat different from the diet of a pregnant woman in the last weeks.

Not everyone understands where such differences come from, but understanding the topic will be quite simple. Judge for yourself, important systems of the body are laid in the early stages, but the size of the fetus increases slightly. That's why in the early stages healthy nutrition of pregnant women is based on sufficient intake of minerals, vitamins and the like.

In the second trimester During pregnancy, nutrition should focus on increased protein intake, since it is now that the active growth of the child and its internal organs begins. All this requires a building material, that is, protein.

Nutrition in the third trimester pregnancy is, first of all, vitamins and minerals that are necessary for the development of the internal systems of the child's body, especially calcium for bone growth and the development of the nervous system.

When planning a pregnancy, proper nutrition is also very important. The more healthy, hardy, strong the woman's body at the time of conception, the greater the chance of successfully fixing the fetal egg in the uterus. And a certain set of vitamins in the body contributes to the proper development of the embryo.

As you can see, the difference in recommendations for proper nutrition of pregnant women by months, and sometimes even by weeks, is quite justified. However, there are, of course, general rules for proper nutrition during pregnancy, so they will be discussed further.

General principles of proper nutrition during pregnancy

First of all, it is worth remembering one simple thing: it is better to get up from the table slightly hungry than with a heaviness in the stomach from overeating. In this regard, it is better to adhere to the principles of fractional nutrition altogether: eat less, but more often. The ideal option would be to eat 5-6 times a day. You need to eat the last time 3 hours before bedtime. Later, eating is highly discouraged, if the feeling of hunger is unbearable, you can drink a glass of milk or kefir, eat an apple or a pear. It is this diet for pregnant women that will be most optimal.

Proper nutrition during pregnancy, like, in fact, any proper nutrition, involves the rejection of fried foods, pickled foods and smoked meats. Steamed, boiled, stewed or baked food will be much more useful. Food for pregnant women should be as fresh as possible, should not contain preservatives, excess salt and the like.

Obviously, canned foods, various sausages and other long-term storage products, if they are not banned, then require strict control of their use.

Of course, it is recommended to give up fast food. However, it is worth noting that if there is a choice - to stay hungry or eat something not very healthy, it is still better to choose the latter. A pregnant woman should not starve. Another thing is, if you get suspiciously often before such a choice, then you should think about carrying fruit or sandwiches with you.

Of great importance is the balance between such important components of nutrition as proteins, fats, carbohydrates, as well as vitamins and minerals. Of course, a balanced diet for pregnant women at different times implies a different balance of these components, the fact itself remains unchanged.

Meals by week

1-3 weeks of pregnancy

Gynecologists count pregnancy not from the day of conception, since it is almost impossible to calculate it, but from the first day of the last menstruation. Therefore, the first 2 weeks of the obstetric gestation period falls on the time before conception.

Pregnancy planning- this is an extremely important period, on which, whatever one may say, both the health of the unborn child and the absence of any complications during pregnancy depend. So it turns out that proper nutrition before pregnancy is of paramount importance. At this stage, it is very important to increase the amount of folic acid. Often doctors recommend drinking it in capsule form, but it is much better to get all the vitamins from normal food. Folic acid is found in leafy greens, lettuce, and grains.

It is equally useful to consume yellow fruits and vegetables. But it is better to refuse fatty and sweet foods. This will avoid problems with obesity, as well as reduce the risk of early toxicosis.

Approximately on the 10-14th day of the cycle, fertilization occurs and the movement of the fetal egg begins towards the uterus. From this time on, we can talk about the onset of pregnancy.

3 week

Nutrition at the beginning of pregnancy is a very complex topic, since literally every week new organs and systems appear in the fetus, which means that the need for vitamins and nutrients is constantly changing.

In the third week of pregnancy, the egg is implanted and the placenta begins to develop, as well as the fetal membrane. For their full development, calcium is needed, which is found in milk and dairy products, broccoli, green vegetables and fruit juices; and manganese, it can be obtained from turkey and pork, almonds, oatmeal, eggs, raisins, bananas, carrots and spinach.

4 week

For 4 weeks, the nutrition remains the same as for 3, but at this time it is especially important to give up coffee. However, drinking this, of course, tasty, but not very healthy drink during pregnancy is with extreme caution. Especially coffee is contraindicated in the evening. As you can see, proper nutrition in the first month of pregnancy is not too difficult. Further it will be a little more difficult.

5 week

As a rule, at about this time, toxicosis of pregnant women begins. To alleviate this condition, you can slightly change your daily menu. So, meat and eggs, as well as other animal proteins, can be replaced with nuts, soy and other legumes. Instead of milk, you can eat yogurt and cheese. It will not be superfluous to introduce carrots, mangoes, apricots into the diet.

6 week

Toxicosis is in full swing, so the morning should start with crackers or unsweetened crackers. It is better to eat them immediately after waking up, without getting out of bed. At this stage, it is better to drink plenty of fluids, at least 8 glasses a day. At night, you can eat a handful of raisins.

7 week

At this time, problems with the intestines may arise. Therefore, you should avoid foods that promote gas formation, including cabbage. It will not be superfluous to refuse those products that are attached. It is better to introduce prunes, fresh kefir and the like into the diet.

8 week

Ginger tea will help to cope with toxicosis, and do not forget about nuts.

9-10 weeks

Opt for whole grain cereals and whole grain breads. Brown rice is better than white. In general, the body of a pregnant woman at this stage requires quite a lot of fiber.

11-12 weeks

The first trimester of pregnancy is coming to an end, and nutrition at this time should be special. This is the most difficult time, and it is very important to listen to yourself, to your body. If you want to eat a particular dish, then it is precisely those substances that are contained in it that your baby is lacking. Of course, you shouldn't go to extremes.

13-16 weeks

Nutrition in the 2nd trimester during pregnancy is characterized, as already mentioned, by abundant protein intake. In addition, it is necessary to increase the total daily caloric intake of food. If in the first trimester it will be enough to eat 2400-2700 kcal, then from now on you need to eat 2700-2900 kcal.

16-24 weeks

Nutrition at 6 months of pregnancy should contribute to the development of the child's vision and hearing. That is, you need vitamin A and betacarotene. At this time, it is better to eat cabbage, yellow peppers, carrots. Keep in mind that vitamin A is absorbed only with fats.

24-28 weeks

It is at this time that fractional nutrition becomes especially relevant. The uterus is actively growing, taking up more and more space in the abdominal cavity, and begins to put pressure on the stomach. Accordingly, the stomach becomes smaller, and it is difficult for him to accommodate a large amount of food. Even when eating in small portions, a pregnant woman can be disturbed. It is better to give up carbonated drinks and coffee, they also provoke heartburn. In general, the nutrition of a pregnant woman in the third trimester should be as diverse as possible, as the needs of the baby grow.

29-34 weeks

At 8 months, bones are actively growing and teeth are being laid, therefore, it is very important to eat as many calcium-containing foods as possible. For brain development, fatty acids are simply necessary, and it is they that contribute to the absorption of calcium. Iron deficiency at this time can lead to the development of anemia, both in the mother and in the child. Fatty fish, nuts, red meat, dark green vegetables and seeds are the foods to eat during this period of pregnancy.

35-40 week

Nutrition at the 9th, last month of pregnancy should contribute to the overall strengthening of the mother's body. After all, ahead of her is a very difficult and time-consuming work - childbirth. The main source of energy in the body are carbohydrates, and it is their consumption that should become the basis of the nutrition of a pregnant woman before childbirth. Porridges and vegetables are the foods that you should eat during this period.

That's all that can be said about trimester nutrition. An example of dinner, breakfast or lunch for pregnant women may also be useful.

A sample menu for the day might look like this:

1. The first meal: black bread toast, a small piece of butter, a chicken egg, a glass of kefir;
2. Second meal: Green salad, a glass of tea;
3. Third meal: Chicken fillet, boiled potatoes, one pear, a glass of kefir or drinking yogurt;
4. Fourth meal: Toast with jam or butter, a glass of juice;
5. Fifth meal: Brown rice, boiled fish, vegetable salad, tea;
6. Sixth meal: a glass of kefir or a small fruit.

Special nutrition for pregnant women

But this is not all the nutritional features of pregnant women. In some cases, women develop pathologies during pregnancy that require special nutrition. So, with anemia pregnant women need special nutrition. With such a disease, it is very important to increase the intake of foods containing iron.

In addition, it is important not only to know which foods to use, but also in what combinations, as this affects the absorption of iron in the human body. A woman experiencing pregnancy anemia should consult a doctor not only about medication, but also about an appropriate diet.

With obesity, developed during pregnancy, there may be a need for dietary nutrition for pregnant women. It is important to remember that without consulting a doctor, a pregnant woman should not choose a diet for weight loss. The risk of developing pathologies and abnormalities is too great, both in the body of the mother and in the body of the child.

Mono-diets and diets that require prolonged fasting are especially harmful. Both contribute to malnutrition and beriberi. It will take a very long time to restore the state of the body, the supply of nutrients and vitamins, and it is completely impossible to compensate for the harm that such diets cause to a child.

A woman preparing to become a mother thinks through a new stage of her life to the smallest detail. A healthy diet during pregnancy is the key to the well-being of the expectant mother and child.

There are legends about the eating habits of pregnant women. Chalk, cement, gasoline, which are absolutely unsuitable for food, become a real fix idea for women in position, and this has its own reasons.

Each doctor, determining what can and cannot be eaten during pregnancy, is based on tests and general health.

The main list, which is universal for all expectant mothers, is as follows:

• Alcoholic drinks – the influence of bad habits on the development of the fetus is known and proven. You can take alcohol only at a later date in a strictly limited amount - no more than one hundred grams and no more than once a week. And the dosage applies only to red wine. Other drinks containing alcohol are contraindicated in any quantities.
• Raw fish and meat- Favorite steaks with blood should be excluded. The fish used to make rolls and sushi is also not a safe food for pregnant women. Such dishes increase the risk of infection with helminthiasis, which can harm the fetus.
• Fast food- hamburgers, chips, crab sticks, breakfast cereals contain food E-additives and monosodium glutamate. Although many of the additives are approved for use, their impact on the development of the fetus is negative, up to and including possible problems in the development of the child.
• Shrimps, caviar and crayfish- in large quantities, they can harm the development of organs in a baby, as they contain mercury, which especially affects the formation of the nervous and circulatory systems.
• Watermelons, melons and mushrooms can cause intoxication, given the dishonesty of manufacturers and substances that promote the growth of these fruits.
• Strong teas, coffee- can increase the mother's blood pressure, which in the future can lead to placental disorders.
• A large number of flour products can cause sudden weight gain in the fetus. In some cases, up to 6 kg, which significantly worsens the course of pregnancy and the process of childbirth;
• pineapples are also prohibited because they contain substances that can stimulate uterine contractions and fluid excretion from the body.

In small quantities, such foods in early pregnancy and later can be included in the diet.

However, to make sure that such a diet is safe, you need to ask your doctor for advice, pass the appropriate tests and undergo a complete examination of the body.

1. Coffee lovers can replace this drink with chicory. Small amounts throughout the day will not harm the baby.
2. Pickles and foods with a high salt content can cause swelling, so their consumption should be reduced to a minimum.
3. Some doctors completely prohibit the use of fried, spicy, fatty and smoked foods. Others recommend simply limiting your intake. In any case, it is worth reducing the intake of fried and fatty foods, as they heavily burden the digestive organs, which during this period work “for two”.
4. Tuna and swordfish are high in metals. They should be used carefully so as not to harm the baby.
5. Spices and sauces with hot spices can cause, in some cases lead to toxicosis, so their use should also be limited.
6. When examining the composition of the product on the package, a pregnant woman should avoid acidity regulators, preservatives, dyes, emulsifiers, flavor enhancers, as they affect the liver and pancreas of both the mother and the child.

Each woman, after consulting with a doctor, can adjust this list, since sometimes the desire to eat this or that dish is stronger than any "taboo".

Some addictions reach fanaticism, when women cannot resist chalk, pencil lead, cement ... Everyone has similar stories. The reason for this behavior lies in the lack of certain trace elements in the body.

For example, a passionate craving for chalk does not at all indicate a lack of calcium, as is commonly believed. Conducted studies and blood tests suggest that the desire to eat chalk is associated with a lack of iron.

At some point, a woman's brain blocks signals that pregnant women should not eat such things. Then it incorrectly recognizes the body's signals about the lack of a certain element. In another case, the brain associates the element not with the product in which it is contained, but with another, completely unrelated to it.

Having noticed an irresistible desire to taste something that is clearly not intended for nutrition, it is necessary to take a complete blood test.

The right diet for a pregnant woman

For a complete and healthy diet, it is important to consider not only the combination of products, but also the way they are prepared. First of all, it is necessary to outline the general rules. The expectant mother will use them to make a list of foods that you can and should eat during pregnancy.

Vegetable products should make up 60% of the diet. In late pregnancy, this rule becomes ironclad, since green vegetables and fruits, as well as greens, contain prostaglandins. These substances improve the elasticity of tissues, which will help to avoid cracks during childbirth.

In the list of what pregnant women should not eat, meat and fish were mentioned. However, with proper preparation and use, it is vital for the full development of the child. Daily it is necessary to consume 70-90 grams of animal proteins, as this is the main "building material" of the human body.

If certain vegetables and fruits are traditionally eaten raw, they are best eaten raw. The point is that raw carrots or cabbage will be more useful for a pregnant woman than a vinaigrette.

Heat treatment in any case takes its toll. In addition, a freshly prepared dish will bring more benefits than something that was cooked a few hours ago.

The habit of eating fast today is becoming more common. A pregnant woman should not eat abstractly and quickly. Distracting from eating on TV, talking and other activities, a woman consumes more than necessary, since the signal of the digestive system about satiety is not immediately recognized.

In addition, rapid chewing prevents full absorption, and in some cases leads to nausea and overeating. Food must be chewed thoroughly to avoid unpleasant consequences and maintain natural weight gain during gestation.

What you can and should eat:

• Vegetables, fruits and berries - everything is allowed. The main rule is to wash thoroughly before use.
• Porridge - oatmeal, buckwheat, millet porridge are a natural source of vitamins, iron, fiber and carbohydrates needed by the mother. Sweet porridge can be supplemented with dried fruits, and salty porridge with browned vegetables.
• Meat, dairy products and fish are sources of protein. Their use is extremely important, as they supply calcium, vitamins of group B, D, iron, phosphorus to the body. Vitamins are responsible for the development of the child's nervous system, iron contributes to the healthy development of the hematopoietic system, calcium and phosphorus are the key to a healthy musculoskeletal system. These trace elements are also actively used by the mother's body, so their presence is mandatory.

How to cook food for a pregnant woman

In the first place on the list, useful for a pregnant woman, are steamed or oven-baked foods. Thus, you can cook fish, meat, and vegetables. White meats and vegetables are especially delicious.

This method of cooking will not only preserve the nutrients as much as possible, but will also contribute to the proper functioning of the mother's gastrointestinal tract, helping to maintain a figure.

An alternative to steaming is stewing and boiling. In the first case, the product is processed for a long time in a small amount of water under a lid, in the second case, it is placed in boiling water and cooked over low heat. By preparing meat in this way, you can get not only a meat dish, but also a healthy broth.

Fried foods and dishes should be consumed with extreme caution. Cooking a fried dish that can be eaten during pregnancy does not mean completely frying it in oil over high heat.

If we are talking about meat, it is better to cut it into small pieces and fry over low heat without adding oil or fat. The less fat will be consumed with fried foods, the better for the mother's digestive system and blood vessels.

The best way to roast is to cook on charcoal, as is done in nature. Here, meat and vegetables are fried in their own juice, retaining their beneficial properties.

General nutrition recommendations sound the same for everyone, but a detailed list of foods that can and cannot be eaten during pregnancy is compiled solely by a doctor based on examinations of the mother's body, the course of pregnancy and test results.

Each woman decides for herself what is difficult to give up due to habit, and what can be easily said goodbye during pregnancy.

It is important to remember that a healthy diet is designed not only to help the fetus develop correctly, but also to maintain the health of the mother, because her body does a tremendous job - it prepares a new life for the birth.

Useful video about nutrition during pregnancy

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