Federal law on labor pensions. Pension legislation

Most people turn to the study of pension law shortly before reaching retirement age or after the occurrence of an event that gives the right to a pension (disability, loss of a breadwinner). However, this approach cannot be called correct. The pension reform in Russia has led to the fact that the right to a pension is closely related to the length of service for the appointment of a pension, the amount of official income and some other indicators.

The site contains articles on the main types of pensions in the Russian Federation and the conditions for their appointment, the procedure for applying for a pension and making payments. Referring to the posted information will help you competently build your professional activities in order to receive a decent pension, as well as help your loved ones to fully realize the rights granted by pension legislation (for example, to a minimum pension, etc.).

Implementation of the right to a pension in the pension legislation of the Russian Federation

Pension legislation includes several federal laws (on insurance pensions, on state pension provision, on pension provision for persons who have served in the military, etc.), decrees of the Government of the Russian Federation and departmental regulations. The site contains up-to-date information that will help you understand the basics of regulatory regulation of the procedure for assigning pensions. In addition, the visitor can always contact a lawyer with a question in a special section and get the information he is interested in.

The conditions for assigning pensions and legislative regulation differ depending on the type of pension. At the same time, the pensioner himself, when exercising the right to a pension, must have initiative. For example, apply for a recalculation of a pension upwards, determine the procedure for paying and delivering a pension, exercise the right to a preferential pension, and, if necessary, protect it by filing a claim for a pension.

Reform of pension legislation in the Russian Federation

Modern pension legislation encourages citizens to work officially, to receive high wages so that contributions to the funds are also sufficiently high. Depending on the economic situation, the state solves the issues of indexing pensions, making payments to working pensioners, etc. in different ways. You can track changes in pension legislation yourself, or refer to the information you are interested in on the website.

October 3, 2018 Vladimir Putin signed on raising the retirement age in Russia, which was adopted by the State Duma on September 27 in its final form, taking into account the recommended amendments. The main one is to increase the retirement age for Russians by 5 years - that is from 60 to 65 for men and from 55 to 60 for women. The transition to new values ​​is proposed to be carried out gradually, starting already from January 1, 2019.

The retirement age will increase annually for 1 year with the exception of those Russians who will reach the old retirement age (60 / 55 years) in the next 2 years - in 2019 and 2020. For them, in order to mitigate the consequences of the reform, a new retirement age (for example, in 2019, the retirement period for women and men will increase by only 6 months instead of 1 year).

With text Law of October 3, 2018 No. 350-FZ on raising the retirement age, which has already been signed by the President and officially published, can be found below. The main provisions of the new reform come into force on January 1, 2019.

It is worth noting that the consideration of the bill caused a lively debate among the deputies of the State Duma, however, in all readings, the document was adopted by majority vote(first of all, thanks to the support of the United Russia faction, which has a parliamentary majority).

Changes in pension legislation since 2019

The new law on pensions from 2019 contains adjustments to the retirement age for future recipients of the following types of pensions:

Legislative changes are being implemented from January 1, 2019 with a transitional period during which the value of the retirement age will gradually change until it reaches the value established by law. However, adjustments will be introduced for civil servants one year later - from 2020, since for them this process has already been going on for several years - from January 1, 2017 in accordance with a similar law No. 143-FZ of May 23, 2016 2020).

It is worth noting that all the proposed changes in pension legislation from 2019 will not touch those citizens of Russia who already receiving a pension- the new measures are aimed only at extending the “working period” for future pensioners, who should reach retirement age from 2019.

Entry to the old-age insurance pension from 2019

From January 1, 2019, the release dates for . Initially, the Government, under the new law, taking into account transitional provisions, planned to establish a new retirement age - for men 65 years old, for women 63 years old. However, at the suggestion of the President, the age for women was reduced to 60 years, i.e. as a result, the increase for men and women will be the same - for 5 years.

And this increase will happen in stages - with an annual increase of 1 year(and taking into account the adopted presidential amendments - except for the first two years of the new law: 2019 and 2020) until the final norms established by the new law for men and women are reached in 2023 (60 years for men and 55 years for women).

To determine the year of granting an old-age pension under the new law, you can use the data presented in the table:

Table - Retirement from 2019 by year

Note: The table has already been adjusted taking into account the final content on raising the retirement age, adopted by the State Duma in the third reading at a meeting on September 27, 2018 and signed by the President on October 3, 2018.

Thus, the following conclusions can be drawn:

• Changes under the new law will apply to all citizens of the Russian Federation who were supposed to retire on old age starting from 01/01/2019 - that is women born in 1964 and men born in 1959.
• Within 5 years, a so-called “transitional period” will operate for women and men, within which the retirement age will increase annually by 1 year(except for the first two years of the transition period, when it will be possible to retire six months earlier).
• For women from 1968 and men from 1963, already final values ​​- 60 and 65 years. Accordingly, they will be the first in Russia to retire later for all the 5 years difference adopted by the State Duma - in 2028 instead of 2023 according to the old law (see table above).

However, the new law provides for the possibility of reducing the retirement age by 24 months. Such a reduction is established in the presence of 37 years of experience for women (provided they reach 55 years of age) and 42 years of experience for men (who have reached 60 years of age).

Preferential pensions for teachers, health workers, creative workers from 2019

Under the old law, teachers and health workers were required to have 25-30 years of work experience (depending on the place of work) for early retirement. According to the new law, the right to early appointment of a pension in the presence of such length of service remains, but the withdrawal period carried forward for 5 years after acquiring the required number of years of service. At the same time, a phased increase in the term of appointment (by 1 year annually, except for the first two years with the stipulated preferential retirement) is envisaged from 2019 to 2023 until the required value of 5 years is reached.

The terms for assigning an early insurance pension for teachers and doctors by year are indicated in the table:

Thus, from 01/01/2019, it will be possible to get an early insurance pension and after receiving the necessary length of service only after the number of years established by law: from 0.5 to 4 years in the period from 2019 to 2022 and after 5 years, starting from 2023 of the year. Also, for these categories of workers, the possibility of retirement according to the new generally established values ​​​​of the retirement age remains - upon reaching the age of 60 or 65.

For employees of creative activity (in theaters and theatrical and entertainment organizations), according to the old law, the possibility of early exit was provided, depending on the nature of the work, at the age of 50-55 years, with a work experience of 15-30 years. The new pension law from 2019 also establishes a new retirement age for such workers - 55-60 years old with the same seniority requirements. The increase will also take place annually for 1 year until the value provided for by the new law is established (see similar examples in the tables above).

Raising the retirement age for workers in the Far North

Until the end of 2018, for those working in the regions of the Far North (RKS) and equivalent areas (MKS), the legislation establishes the age of the right to - respectively 50 and 55 years for women and men. Unfortunately, as a result of the pension reform for northerners, changes in the retirement age will also be provided - respectively up to 55 and 60 years.

Such measures in the Government are explained by the changed situation in the northern regions of the country: infrastructure is developing, the life expectancy of Russians is increasing and living conditions are improving.

Until the establishment of new values ​​for employees of the RC and ISS, also a transitional period: from 2019 to 2023 for men and women. During it, the standard age will increase annually by 1 year until it is set at 55 and 60 years (except for 2019 and 2020, when “preferential” retirement conditions will still be in effect).

It should be noted that changes in the rules for assigning northern pensions working in difficult and harmful working conditions(underground works, hot shops, metallurgical, chemical, petrochemical industries, etc.).

Retirement of civil servants from 2019

Changes in pension legislation will also affect. For them, retirement age has already increased since January 1, 2017, but the previously adopted law provided for an increase in the value to 63 and 65 years annually with a step of six months. According to the new law, the retirement age for civil servants will increase from 01.01.2020 at the same pace as for other citizens - annually for 1 year.

The change for civil servants will take place according to the new schedule presented in the table:

Thus, the rules for changing the retirement age of civil servants provided for by the old law will be adjusted. The transitional period, during which a gradual increase in the retirement age will take place, will be reduced for women by 6 years (until 2026 instead of the previous 2032), for men - by 3 years (until 2023 instead of 2026). That is increase will be faster.

Social pensions from 2019

In addition to those already discussed above, the pension reform from 2019 provides for a number of changes regarding the conditions of appointment, in particular social old age pensions intended for persons who have not earned the necessary.

Until 2019, they were due to persons who have reached the age of 65 for men and 60 for women (that is, 5 years later than the generally established retirement age for 2018 of 60/55 years). Under the new law, this right will only arise upon reaching 70 and 65 years(i.e. also with an increase of 5 years from the new age of 65/60 years).

At the same time, the law also provides for transitional provisions for social pensions, which establish a phased increase in the retirement age, starting from January 1, 2019(and in 2019 and 2020 preferential retirement conditions will apply, according to those proposed by the President).

All new statutory retirement ages for receiving social pensions for men and women (70 and 65 years, respectively) will be finally set from 2023.

Who will not be affected by the increase in the retirement age in Russia?

First of all, statutory changes from 2019 will not affect those who are already retired- all pensioners will continue to receive all payments already assigned to them in accordance with the rights and benefits acquired earlier.

In addition, the adopted law does not provide increasing the retirement age for certain categories of citizens:

1. Employed in jobs with difficult and harmful working conditions, namely:
   • employees in favor of whom the employer pays insurance premiums at the relevant rates, which were determined as a result of a special assessment of working conditions;
   • pilots of civil aviation, engineering staff for aircraft maintenance;
   • flight test personnel involved in testing aviation and other equipment;
   • workers of locomotive crews, workers organizing transportation and ensuring traffic safety on railway transport, in the subway;
   • machinists of construction, road, loading and unloading equipment;
   • tractor drivers working in agriculture and other areas;
   • workers in logging, timber rafting, as well as those involved in the maintenance of mechanisms and equipment;
   • truck drivers in mines, crankcases, mines, etc.;
   • in underground or open-pit mining, in mine rescue units, in the extraction of shale, coal, ore and other minerals;
   • in the construction of mines and mines;
   • in geological exploration, search, topographic teams and expeditions, in survey and other works;
   • in the crew of the sea, river fleet, in the fishing industry;
   • drivers of passenger transport on regular city routes (buses, trolleybuses, trams);
   • lifeguards in emergency services;
   • working with convicts in organizations executing criminal sentences in the form of deprivation of liberty;
   • women working in the textile industry with heavy loads in conditions of increased intensity and others.
2. Citizens who are entitled to a pension for health reasons or social reasons:
   • one of the parents or guardians, who brought them up to the age of 8;
   • visually impaired people of the 1st group;
   • women who have given birth to 5 or more children and raised them up to the age of 8;
   • women who have given birth to 2 or more children and have established work experience in the regions of the Far North and areas equated to them and others.
3. Persons who have suffered as a result of man-made or radiation disasters (at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, the Mayak chemical plant, the Semipalatinsk test site, etc.).

A complete detailed list of persons who will not be affected by the increase in the retirement age planned by the Government from 2019 is provided in (PDF file format) prepared by specialists from the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation.

In accordance with federal law No. 350-FZ of October 3, 2018, Russia begins a gradual increase in the generally established age, which gives the right to receive an old-age insurance pension and a state pension. Changes will be phased in over a long transition period of 10 years ending in 2028. As a result, the retirement age will be increased by 5 years and set at 60 for women and 65 for men. Today, the retirement age for women is 55 years, the retirement age for men is 60 years.

Increased indexation of pensions

Since 2019, the law provides for increased indexation of insurance pensions at a rate that outpaces the forecast inflation growth. The old-age insurance pensions of non-working pensioners will increase by an average of 1,000 rubles a month, or 12,000 rubles a year.

From January 1, 2019, the indexation of insurance pensions is 7.05%, which is higher than the forecast inflation rate for 2018. The amount of the fixed payment after indexation will increase to 5,334.2 rubles per month, the cost of a pension point - up to 87.24 rubles. As a result of indexation, the old-age insurance pension has increased by an average of 1 thousand rubles in Russia, and its average annual amount is 15.4 thousand rubles.

The increase in pension for each pensioner is individual, depending on the amount of the pension received. In order to find out how much the pension will increase from January 1, 2019, you need to multiply the amount of the pension received by 0.0705 (7.05%).

Example The disability insurance pension of a non-working pensioner is 9,137 rubles. After indexation from January 1, the pension will increase by 644 rubles and amount to 9,781 rubles. Another example The old-age insurance pension of a non-working pensioner is 15,437 rubles. After indexation from January 1, the pension will increase by 1,088 rubles and amount to 16,525 rubles.

If a pensioner is assigned a social supplement to a pension that provides income at the level of the pensioner's subsistence minimum, the amount of payments after indexation may remain the same or increase less than the level of indexation.

Example The pensioner was assigned a pension in the amount of 12,347 rubles. The subsistence minimum for a pensioner in the region is higher than the assigned pension and amounts to 12,674 rubles. Therefore, in addition to the pension, a social supplement is assigned. As a result of indexation, from January 1, the pension was increased by 7.05%, or 870 rubles, and amounted to 13,217 rubles. Considering that before indexation the pensioner received 12,674 rubles (pension plus social supplement), after indexation, payments increased not by 870 rubles, but by 543 rubles (the difference between the indexed pension, which increased to 13,217 rubles, and the previous payments in the amount of 12,674 rubles ).

Benefits and guarantees for people of pre-retirement age

For citizens of pre-retirement age, benefits and social support measures that were previously provided upon reaching retirement age remain: free medicines and travel by transport, a discount on capital repairs and other housing and communal services, exemption from property and land taxes, and others.

Starting in 2019, new benefits related to annual medical examinations and additional guarantees of employment will also be introduced for pre-retirees. Employers are subject to administrative and criminal liability for the dismissal of employees of pre-retirement age or refusal to hire them due to age. The employer is also assigned the obligation to annually provide employees of pre-retirement age two days for a free medical examination with the preservation of wages.

The right to most pre-retirement benefits arises 5 years before the new retirement age, taking into account the transition period, that is, starting at 51 for women and 56 for men. From 2019 onwards, women born in 1968 and older and men born in 1963 and older are entitled to benefits.

A five-year period is also relevant when, when assigning a pension, the achievement of a certain age and the development of a special length of service are taken into account at the same time. This primarily applies to workers in dangerous and difficult professions on lists No. 1, No. 2, etc., which allow early retirement. The onset of pre-retirement age and the right to benefits in such cases arises 5 years before the age of early retirement, subject to one of the conditions: the development of the required preferential length of service, if the person has already stopped working in the relevant specialty, or the fact of working in the relevant specialty.

For example, drivers of public urban transport with the necessary special experience (15 or 20 years depending on gender) retire at 50 years old (women) or 55 years old (men). This means that the boundaries of the pre-retirement age will be set for female drivers from the age of 45, and for male drivers from the age of 50.

The pre-retirement age of doctors, teachers and other workers, whose right to a pension arises not from a certain age, but upon the development of a special length of service, begins simultaneously with its acquisition. So, a school teacher who in March 2019 will develop the necessary teaching experience, starting from the same moment, will be considered a pre-pensioner.

For those whose retirement age has not changed since 2019, there is also the right to pre-retirement benefits 5 years before retirement. For example, in mothers of many children with five children, it occurs starting at the age of 45, that is, 5 years before their usual retirement age (50 years). Two factors are taken into account in determining pre-pensioner status in such cases. Firstly, the basis that gives the right to early appointment of a pension - it can be the required number of children, disability, work experience in hazardous work, etc. And secondly, the age of the pension itself, from which the five-year period of benefits is counted.

The exception to which the 5-year rule does not apply is tax benefits. They are granted upon reaching the former limits of the retirement age. For most Russians, this is 55 or 60 years, depending on gender, and in the case of people retiring early, it is earlier than this age. For example, for northerners who, under the old legislation, retire 5 years earlier than everyone else, the pre-retirement age for receiving tax benefits, respectively, is 50 years for women and 55 years for men.

Proof of pre-retirement status

The Pension Fund of Russia has launched an information service through which information is provided about Russians who have reached the pre-retirement age. These data are used by authorities, departments and employers to provide appropriate benefits to citizens. For example, employment centers that have been providing pre-retirees with increased unemployment benefits since 2019 and are engaged in professional retraining and advanced training programs for pre-retirees.

PFR data are transmitted in electronic form through the SMEV channels, through the Unified State Social Security Information System (EGISSO) and electronic interaction with employers. A certificate confirming the status of a person as a pre-pensioner is also provided through a personal account on the website of the Pension Fund and in the territorial bodies of the PFR.

Transitional period to raise the retirement age

A long transition period of 10 years (from 2019 to 2028) is envisaged for the gradual increase in the retirement age. Adaptation to the new parameters of the retirement age in the first few years of the transition period is also provided by a special benefit - the appointment of a pension six months earlier than the new retirement age. It is provided for those who were supposed to retire in 2019 and 2020 under the terms of the previous legislation. These are women born in 1964-1965 and men born in 1959-1960. Thanks to the benefit, a pension on new grounds will be granted already in 2019: for women at the age of 55.5 years and for men at the age of 60.5 years.

During the entire transition period, the requirements for seniority and pension points required for the award of an old-age insurance pension will continue to apply. So, in 2019, at least 10 years of service and 16.2 pension points are required to retire.

The increase in the retirement age does not apply to disability pensions - they are retained in full and are assigned to people who have lost their ability to work, regardless of age when the disability group is established.

According to the results of the transition period, starting from 2028 and beyond, women will retire at 60 years old, men - at 65 years old.

Who does not change the retirement age

The old retirement age is retained by the majority of citizens who have the right to early retirement. These include, in particular:

Persons to whom a pension is assigned earlier than the generally established retirement age in connection with work in difficult, dangerous and harmful working conditions, for which employers pay additional pension insurance contributions at special rates. Namely, the persons employed:

● in underground work, work with harmful working conditions and in hot shops - men And women;

● in difficult working conditions, as working locomotive crews and workers directly involved in the organization of transportation and ensuring traffic safety in railway transport and the subway, as well as drivers of trucks in the technological process in mines, cuts, mines or ore quarries - men And women;

● in the textile industry at work with increased intensity and severity - women;

● in expeditions, parties, detachments, on sites and in brigades directly on field geological exploration, prospecting, topographic and geodetic, geophysical, hydrographic, hydrological, forest management and survey work - men And women;

● in the seafaring crew on ships of the sea, river fleet and fishing industry fleet (with the exception of port ships permanently operating in the port water area, service and auxiliary and crew vessels, suburban and intracity ships), as well as in work on the extraction, processing of fish and seafood , acceptance of finished products in the field - men And women;

● in underground and open pit mining, including the personnel of mine rescue units, in the extraction of coal, shale, ore and other minerals and in the construction of mines and mines - men And women;

● in the flight crew of civil aviation, in the work of flight control of civil aviation aircraft, as well as in the engineering and technical staff in the work of servicing civil aviation aircraft - men And women;

● at work with convicts as workers and employees of institutions executing criminal sentences in the form of deprivation of liberty - men And women;

● as tractor drivers in agriculture and other sectors of the economy, as well as as drivers of construction, road and loading and unloading machines - women;

● as workers, foremen at logging and timber rafting, including maintenance of mechanisms and equipment - men And women;

● as drivers of buses, trolleybuses, trams on regular urban passenger routes - men And women;

● as lifeguards in professional emergency services and formations - men And women.

Persons to whom a pension is assigned earlier than the generally established retirement age for social reasons and health status:

● a woman who has given birth to five or more children and raised them up to the age of 8;

● a woman who has given birth to two or more children, with the necessary insurance experience and work experience in the Far North or in equivalent areas;

● one of the parents of a disabled person from childhood, who raised him until the age of 8, - men And women;

● a guardian of a disabled person from childhood, who raised him until the age of 8, - men And women;

● Disabled due to military injury - men And women;

● a visually impaired person with the first disability group, - men And women;

● a citizen with pituitary dwarfism (midget) and a disproportionate dwarf - men And women;

● a fisherman, reindeer herder or hunter-trader permanently residing in the Far North or equivalent areas - men And women.

Persons to whom a pension is assigned before the generally established retirement age in connection with radiation or man-made disasters, including the disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, the disaster at the Mayak chemical plant, accidents at the Mayak production association and the discharge of radioactive waste into the Techa River, as well as in connection with with radiation exposure due to nuclear tests at the Semipalatinsk test site - men And women.

Persons to whom a pension is granted earlier than the generally established retirement age in connection with work in the flight test staff, as well as in connection with flight tests and research of experimental and serial equipment: aviation, aerospace, aeronautics and paratroopers - men And women.

What changes are provided for pensioners

The increase in the retirement age does not affect current pensioners. Everyone who has already been assigned any type of pension before 2019 will continue to receive the due payments in accordance with the acquired rights and benefits. Raising the retirement age will allow, as early as 2019, to ensure a higher increase in pensions for non-working pensioners due to indexation that exceeds the inflation rate (in accordance with the Decree of the President of Russia "On the national goals and strategic objectives of the development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2024" dated May 7, 2018 ).

Increasing the pensions of rural pensioners

Since 2019, villagers have the right to an increased fixed payment to the old-age or disability insurance pension. Eligibility for a 25% flat-rate allowance is subject to three conditions: at least 30 years of experience in agriculture, rural residence, and no paid employment.

The increase in the pension of rural pensioners from January 1, 2019 is 1.3 thousand rubles per month, for recipients of disability pensions with the third group - 667 rubles per month.

You do not need to specifically apply to the Pension Fund of Russia for the recalculation of the pension, it occurs automatically according to the information of the payment file. At the same time, the pensioner has the right to submit the documents necessary for recalculation at any time.

When calculating the length of service that gives rural pensioners the right to an increased fixed payment, work in collective farms, state farms and other agricultural enterprises and organizations is taken into account, subject to employment in animal husbandry, crop production and fish farming. For example, as agronomists, tractor drivers, veterinarians, beekeepers, etc. - more than 500 professions .

Work that was performed before 1992 in Russian collective farms, machine and tractor stations, inter-collective farm enterprises, state farms, peasant farms, agricultural artels, is included in the rural experience, regardless of the name of the profession, specialty or position held.

Northern retirement age

Residents of the Far North and equivalent areas have the right to early retirement 5 years earlier than the generally established retirement age. This right is retained by the northerners in the future. At the same time, the age of early retirement among the inhabitants of the North is gradually increasing by 5 years: from 50 to 55 years for women and from 55 to 60 years for men.

The minimum required northern length of service for early retirement does not change and remains 15 calendar years in the Far North and 20 calendar years in equated areas. The requirements for insurance experience do not change similarly and amount to 20 years for women and 25 years for men.

The transitional period to raise the retirement age for northerners will last, like everyone else, for 10 years - from 2019 to 2028. At the first stage, the increase in age will affect women born in 1969 and men born in 1964. At the same time, northerners who, according to the old legislation, should have been granted a pension in 2019-2020, are also entitled to a benefit for leaving six months earlier than the new retirement age.

For example, a man born in 1965 (July), with 30 years of work experience in the north and 35 years of insurance experience, will retire in January 2022 at the age of 56.5 years.

As a result of the transition period in 2028, northern women born in 1973 will retire at the age of 55 and northern men born in 1968 at the age of 60.

At the same time, the transitional period for raising the retirement age is also applied in cases where the northern experience has not been fully worked out and there is a decrease in the age of granting a pension for each year worked in the northern region.

Example A woman born in 1970 (March), with 11 years of experience in the north and 18 years of insurance experience, according to the old legislation, was supposed to retire in July 2021 at the age of 51 years and 4 months. Given that the retirement age will be raised by three years in 2021, a woman will be able to retire in July 2024 upon reaching 54 years and 4 months.

Some northerners, however, will not have to adapt to the new retirement age, since it will not be raised for them. The changes will not affect the small indigenous peoples of the North, who, depending on gender, retire at 50 or 55 years old, as well as northern women who have raised two or more children - if they have the necessary northern and insurance experience, they are entitled to a pension starting from 50 years old.

Assignment of pensions to doctors, teachers and artists

For employees who receive a pension not upon reaching retirement age, but after acquiring the required length of service (special length of service), the right to early retirement is retained. These workers include teachers, doctors, ballet dancers, circus gymnasts, opera singers and some others. At the same time, the minimum required special experience for the appointment of a pension does not increase and, depending on the specific profession, as before, ranges from 25 to 30 years.

At the same time, starting from 2019, the retirement of workers in the listed professions is determined taking into account the transition period for raising the retirement age. In accordance with it, the assignment of pensions to doctors, teachers and artists is gradually transferred from the moment the special experience is developed. At the same time, they can continue their labor activity after acquiring the required length of service or stop working.

Example Rural health workers require 25 years of service in health facilities to retire, regardless of age and gender. If a rural doctor completes the required length of service in September 2021, he will be granted a pension in accordance with the generally established transitional period for raising the retirement age - in 3 years, in September 2024.

Retirement age of civil servants

For state civil servants of all levels of government (federal, regional and municipal), the transition to the new values ​​of the retirement age takes place in stages. Until 2021, the increase in the age is six months a year, then the rate is synchronized with the general rate of increase in the retirement age in the country and begins to grow year by year. Male civil servants will retire at 65 by 2028, and female civil servants will retire at 63 by 2034.

In addition, for all federal civil servants, starting from 2017, the requirements for the minimum length of civil or municipal service, which allows them to receive a state pension for years of service, are being increased. Each year, the specified length of service increases by six months (from 15 years in 2016) until it reaches 20 years in 2026.

Taking into account all the changes, the insurance pension for civil servants is assigned in 2019 upon reaching the age of 56 (for women) and 61 years (for men). The pension for long service is assigned after 16.5 years of civil service.

Appointment of a social pension

The changes in the pension system, which will come into force in 2019, do not affect the social disability and survivor's pensions, which are assigned regardless of the generally established retirement age. As in the case of the contributory pension, with regard to public security pensions, the right of people who have lost their ability to work due to disability to apply for a pension, regardless of age, is fully preserved.

The age at which the right to the social old-age pension arises is increased by 5 years in accordance with the phased transition period. By 2028, men will receive a social old-age pension upon reaching the age of 70, and women upon reaching 65 years.

New grounds for early retirement

Early appointment of a pension for long service

A new basis is provided for citizens with long experience. Women with at least 37 years of experience and men with at least 42 years of experience will be able to retire two years earlier than the generally established retirement age, but not earlier than 55 years for women and 60 years for men.

Early assignment of pensions to women with many children with three and four children

Women with many children with three and four children are entitled to early retirement. If a woman has three children, she will be able to retire three years earlier than the new retirement age, subject to transitional provisions. If a woman has four children - four years earlier than the new retirement age, subject to transitional provisions.

At the same time, for early retirement, women with many children need to work out a total of 15 years of insurance experience.

Early assignment of pensions to unemployed citizens

For citizens of pre-retirement age, the opportunity remains to retire earlier than the established retirement age in the absence of employment opportunities. The pension in such cases is established two years earlier than the new retirement age, taking into account the transition period.

In addition, for citizens of pre-retirement age, from January 1, 2019, the maximum amount of unemployment benefits will increase from 4,900 rubles to 11,280 rubles. The payment period is set at one year.

Payment of pension savings

The amendments to the pension legislation that have come into force do not change the rules for the appointment and payment of pension savings. The retirement age, which gives the right to receive them, remains within the same boundaries - at the level of 55 years for women and 60 years for men. This applies to all types of pension savings payments, including funded pension, fixed-term and lump-sum payments. As before, pension savings are assigned in the presence of the minimum required pension points and length of service: in 2019, these are 16.2 points and 10 years, respectively.

Russian legislation contains a lot of regulations governing the methods and procedures for social protection of citizens. On two such documents, and more specifically on the Federal Law of the Russian Federation, which regulate the procedure for payments and accruals for labor and insurance pensions, we propose today to dwell in more detail.

Federal law on labor pensions in the Russian Federation

For a long time in Russia, only the Federal Law of the Russian Federation on labor pensions in the Russian Federation of December 17, 2011 173-FZ was actively used. The law regulated the procedure for pension accruals, the retirement age and other important points for the state provision of a relatively carefree old age.

In 2013, the pension system of Russia and all its federal regions underwent significant changes, and since January 2015, Federal Law No. 173, which regulates the procedure for entering work experience and related charges, has been used only in extreme variations. It was almost completely replaced by a new bill: Federal Law of the Russian Federation 400, which regulates the procedure for insurance pensions, adopted in December 2013.

The new government project has completely changed the concept: if earlier state bodies were guided exclusively by seniority for pension accruals, today it does not have such a value, now insurance is taken into account, i.e. periods when a citizen of the Russian Federation made contributions to the FIU (insurance contributions are taken into account). We offer to delve into the main theses and concepts.

Law 400-RF on labor pensions in the Russian Federation in the latest edition with comments

This Federal Law of the Russian Federation, which regulates the procedure for labor accruals, establishes:

1. General provisions and concepts.
2. Types of pension accruals:
   old age;
   by disability;
   by the loss of a breadwinner.
3. The main interpretation of the concept of "insurance experience".
4. The order of pension accruals, according to this value.
5. Sizes and formulas of accruals.
6. The right to early retirement.
7. Delivery of payments, the procedure for retirement according to the length of service and other points.

In fact, this Federal Law largely repeats the previous bill (on labor accruals), however, the comments to each of its articles explain the main difference, and give an understanding of their complete difference. The most important theses are fixed in part of this Federal Law, which regulates the procedure for accounting (introducing) the insurance period. In particular, to such, in addition to working hours, taking into account constant contributions to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, include the following list:

• the passage of military or equivalent service;
• payment of benefits for temporary disability;
• care for each born or adopted child (here it is specified: this period in the total calculation should not exceed 6 years);
• the periods that the citizen was listed in the employment service;
• periods during which citizens were in custody or served a sentence, but subject to their further rehabilitation;
• periods of care for a citizen over 80 years old, or for a disabled person of group 1, incl. the time spent caring for a disabled child is taken into account;
• periods during which the family of a military contractor was not able to find a job and with the condition that at that time they stayed with him at his place of service;
• time of diplomatic work abroad of the Russian Federation (maximum - 5 years).

The provision of the Federal Law states that all these periods are taken into account to provide citizens with state insurance pensions only if before and after them the relevant person regularly made (without deduction) insurance transfers to the FIU. You can read the full text of this draft law or download it online with additions and comments on specialized resources, for example, on the Consultant Plus portal.

By the way, you can find the law on insurance pensions in the Russian Federation 2017, in force, with comments, in the following article.

173 FZ latest changes for today and comments

This Law 173 of the Russian Federation on labor pensions in the Russian Federation in the latest edition from the beginning of 2015 (more specifically, from January) is no longer applicable. The exception is chapter number two, paragraphs and subparagraphs regulating the procedure for pension accruals (in this version of labor) for the further possibility of determining the length of service, but only in the part that does not conflict with Federal Law No. 400 of the Russian Federation.

This law (FZ No. 173) divides the labor pension into two parts: funded and insurance. Citizens collect the first part on their own on their own account, the second is guaranteed by the state, so experience is important for it. The new version also contains information about a reduction in the allowance for working pensioners, but they only apply to those who have an average annual income of more than 1 million rubles.

The labor pension is the most important element of social security in the Russian Federation. Therefore, it is regulated by a whole pension legislation, consisting of various legal, by-laws. The state Law FZ 173 is also included here, indicating what a labor pension is, its latest version, amendments to it. But this once vast Russian document (effective date 2001, December), whose power extended to most issues in the field, is now a shadow of itself.

Since the Law of the Russian Federation No. 400-FZ has been in force since 2015, which indicated that FZ 173, its latest version is no longer used, that is, a labor pension, all relations related to it are regulated by other laws, but with the exception of the norms indicating the procedure for calculating such payments.

173 Federal Law on labor pensions in the Russian Federation - main provisions

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