Get infected with HIV while kissing with the tongue. How HIV infection is transmitted from a man, a woman in everyday life, sexually, through a kiss, through blood. Is HIV transmitted through oral sex?

The number of HIV-infected people in the world is growing year by year. The disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus raises many questions that concern people. For example, is HIV transmitted through saliva? After infection, viral particles are contained in various fluids of the human body: semen, vaginal secretions, blood. Is it possible to get HIV through saliva while kissing a patient? And can people infected with HIV kiss? The questions are not idle and require clarification.

There are few real ways of contracting a dangerous infection. The highest percentage of cases in the transmission of the virus:

from a patient to a healthy person through the blood with open wounds or any damage to the skin; through needles or medical instruments contaminated with the patient's blood; with blood transfusion from;
during sexual contact, when the virus enters the mucous membranes;
from a sick mother to a fetus during pregnancy, or during childbirth when a child passes through the birth canal, or when breastfeeding, through mother's milk.

As for a liquid such as saliva, the number of viral particles in it is extremely small. Theoretically, HIV is not transmitted through saliva; in practice, such cases have not been registered either. In order for viral particles to begin to actively divide, they need a special environment, but they do not multiply in saliva.

HIV is not transmitted through a kiss, which has been proven by many years of practice. With such an opportunity, there would be very few healthy people on earth. Speaking when a person dies and his immune system does not work.

For your information: The lack of knowledge about the ways of transmission of the infection raises the idea of the possibility of infection during a kiss with a deep penetration of the tongue into the partner's mouth. This is an erroneous opinion that can create unnecessary tension in relationships. When transmitting HIV infection through a kiss, viruses, entering the body, die quickly enough.

Kissing only on the lips, people cannot get infected. With such kisses, the virus remains on the lips, in the external environment, where it dies. The same applies to kissing the body, where it dies extremely quickly in the dried salivary secretion.

The virus is activated only when it enters the human body. Blood in a syringe or test tube infected with an infection contains viable viruses for 2 hours.

The chance of getting infected with a deep kiss or a kiss on the lips is close to zero. It is possible to get sick in the presence of deep wounds, sores in the oral cavity, and both partners must have them. HIV infection control data show only one officially reported case of the disease in this way.

: the skin is a reliable protection against the ingress of a dangerous infection into the body. Shaking hands, sharing dishes and linen, using the same bath or toilet will not lead to infection: the opinion of experts on this matter is unanimous.

Sweat and tears do not belong to those fluids where the concentration of the immunodeficiency virus is high. When they hit the body of a healthy person, absolutely nothing happens. There is an opinion about the transmission of infection by blood-sucking insects, but this is just a myth. Many are afraid to catch a dangerous disease in public places in the case of "", but this method is unknown.

For your information: Serious infections can be transmitted through saliva, but they are treatable. These are herpes, bacterial meningitis, infectious mononucleosis,. Therefore, when dealing with unfamiliar people, you need to be careful. Kissing is desirable with loved ones whose health status you know for sure.

Is HIV in saliva?

HIV, and even more so AIDS, cannot be transmitted through saliva for the reason that the number of viral particles in it is insignificant. But the question of whether HIV is transmitted with saliva continues to be relevant for many people, especially if one of the family members is infected.

The possibility of infection in this way is refuted by the following facts:

low concentration of the pathogen: you need 2 liters of saliva for the infection to enter the body;
viruses feel great, actively divide in blood, semen, vaginal secretions and mother's milk, but not in saliva, sweat secretions or tears;
saliva with viral particles on the skin dries up, causing their death; they also die when they enter the body with a strong immune system.

With any kind of kisses: superficial, suction, with the participation of the tongue, you cannot get AIDS. Therefore, you can not refuse a kiss, even if one of the partners is infected. If the patient's saliva gets into the eyes, then the risk of infection is also extremely small. An HIV-infected person is not a leper who should be feared, since the ways of real infection do not include household contact.

Important: One should be seriously wary of such a biological fluid as blood. Observe the rules of personal hygiene, do not use other people's household items that can cause injury. When piercing your ears, visiting tattoo parlors, going to medical institutions, buy disposable instruments to protect your life.

But any rule implies exceptions, therefore, if theoretically HIV is not transmitted through saliva, then in practice unforeseen situations may arise in which the probability of infection is small, but still exists.

When is HIV possible through kissing?

HIV infection through saliva becomes real if bleeding wounds are present in the oral cavity of both partners. Open wounds in the mouth or on the lips are not 100%, but a possible source of the disease. If the infection has entered the mucous membrane of a healthy person, then infection will not occur regardless of the time of the kiss.

Of course, few people dare to kiss with bleeding sores in their mouths. This is both aesthetically unpleasant and causes discomfort instead of pleasure. But if this happens, then the salivary fluid with blood enters the bloodstream and spreads throughout the body, working according to the scheme: blood to blood.

With minor wounds in the mouth, but in the presence of immunodeficiency, when the body is weakened, a small amount contained in saliva causes the risk of infection. In this way, it is possible for infected people to become infected with HIV, but these cases are extremely rare.

HIV can be transmitted through a bite. An example is known when a sick person with injuries in the oral cavity bit a healthy partner during a kiss. There was a bleeding wound, which got infected blood.

Important: The next myths include the following: if a person is outwardly healthy, then he is not sick with HIV. But the deadly disease does not affect the appearance. You can find out about the disease by conducting an examination.

Prevention of HIV infection through kissing

AIDS is a deadly condition caused by HIV infection. Therefore, already from school, children are taught how HIV is transmitted, and how to behave in a given situation. Students are told about:

the main routes of infection;
a rare opportunity to get a virus when kissing;
the impossibility of transmitting the infection by household and airborne droplets, since HIV dies very quickly;
the need to take responsibility for your own health.

Children and adults should be aware of how the virus can enter the bloodstream with a kiss. It is better to avoid kissing strangers: it is not only unhygienic, but also dangerous. A kiss with a loved one will help you avoid trouble and get a lot of positive emotions.

Can you get HIV through kissing? This question worries many

As far as the oral cavity is concerned, there is no evidence that HIV is not able to overcome the barrier of intact epithelium in this area today, and for the penetration of infection, violations of its integrity are required: a wound after an extracted tooth, inflammation and bleeding of the gums, erosion.

The above information at first glance shows that infection HIV through saliva theoretically possible, but in practice can't happen. There is at least 4 reasons why HIV not transmitted through kissing:

Saliva itself is one of the protective factors and destroys one of the proteins of the virus envelope.

Concentration HIV in saliva is very small and often not detected at all.

An analysis of 500,000 cases reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( USA) did not reveal a single case in which HIV transmitted through saliva.

A study of patients with periodontal disease and moderate gum bleeding did not reveal a significant increase in the concentration of the virus in the saliva of patients.

It would seem that the question is whether it is possible to get infected HIV when kissing can be considered closed, however, in 1997, a description of the case of such infection nevertheless appeared in the medical literature.

An analysis of 500,000 cases of the disease did not reveal a single case in which HIV was transmitted through saliva

Where do the legs of the myth grow from? HIV- infection can be transmitted through kissing

Single transmission case HIV it was indeed recorded through a kiss, but the vast majority of scientists and doctors are extremely skeptical about it.

The researchers followed the pair of sexual partners for 4 years - from July 1992 to 1996. It was a discordant couple, that is, the woman was initially healthy, and the man was HIV-infected in 1988 while using drugs. During the follow-up, they repeatedly donated blood to HIV, and in July 1995, the analysis showed the presence of infection in the woman.

At the same time, the woman categorically denied any actions that could lead to infection: other sexual partners, injecting drug use, sexually transmitted diseases, blood transfusions, artificial insemination, acupuncture, tattoos, piercings or other percutaneous injections.

The survey took place separately, during which it was found that the partners had sex on average 6 times a month and always used a condom. Both categorically denied anal contact. In addition, it was found that partners often kissed, including with an open mouth.

Based on these data, it was stated that HIV is transmitted with deep kisses (kiss with the tongue), but contributed to the infection of the oral cavity problems in both partners: the man brushed his teeth regularly, sometimes to the point of blood, before sex, and the woman was diagnosed with periodontitis since 1994.

Despite the published data, this case is very doubtful. Some experts doubt the reliability of the data received from the couple, which could be deliberately distorted by them. In addition to traditional intercourse, the couple practiced unprotected oral sex, which could also lead to infection. In addition, there were facts of sharing a razor and a toothbrush.

The danger of HIV infection lies in the fact that after infection it is contained in human fluids (semen, vaginal discharge, blood). Therefore, many people who are worried about their health are worried about the likelihood of infection through saliva. During the diagnosis of the virus, the specialist without fail finds out the source of infection, since an understanding of further preventive measures is necessary.

To begin with, it is necessary to distinguish between the concepts of HIV infection and AIDS. In theory, there is an assumption that a directly viral infection can be transmitted from a carrier to a healthy person. However, in medicine, such cases were not recorded. If we talk about AIDS, then they cannot be infected either during a kiss or under other circumstances, since this is the last stage of HIV. To the extent of the ignorance of average people, the fear of a possible deadly infection is growing.

There are cases when in a couple one of the partners is a carrier of HIV, and the second is a completely healthy person. By using barrier contraception in the form of condoms, it is possible to prevent infection of another person. It is also important to monitor the damage that is associated with blood. If you follow fairly simple security measures, then the carrier of the virus is quite safe for a healthy person. If the virus were transmitted through saliva, then it is likely that only a few remained healthy.

Arguments confirming that HIV cannot be acquired through a kiss:

The virus must be in sufficient concentration to infect another person, on the contrary, it is not enough in saliva. To activate the pathological process, a lot of altered biological material is required, while in saliva there is a minimum of HIV cells. That is why infection in this way is considered impossible. However, the theory does not exclude the transmission of infection through saliva.
For the normal division of viral cells, an appropriate environment is required, which can be vaginal secretions, blood, semen, and mother's milk. It is in such human fluids that the danger of the virus is hidden. Kissing in this case remains safe and does not transmit infection if there was no contact with the above fluids.
World statistics confirm that to date, not a single case has been registered when HIV infection was infected directly through a kiss. Therefore, kissing is considered potentially harmless.
Kissing the body also remains a completely safe phenomenon, since the virus cannot exist in an already dried secret. Pathological flora dies after a few minutes.

Note! Insufficient knowledge about the immunodeficiency virus and the ways of its transmission allow the idea of probable infection through a kiss, but scientists have proven the opposite. Therefore, the fear of an unreasonable way of infection only increases nervous tension. It has been established that with a sufficiently strong immunity, when a virus enters the body with saliva, its cells die, and the risk of infection disappears.

When can you get infected through a kiss?

In any case, there may be exceptions, so it cannot be reliably stated that it is impossible to become infected through a kiss. Do not forget that if a kiss occurred, and, at the same time, both partners had wounds in their mouths that bleed, then there is a high probability that the virus will enter the bloodstream. However, a healthy person will not allow a kiss when there are obvious problems in the oral cavity. In addition, medicine has not recorded cases when HIV was acquired through airborne droplets or a kiss.

The second point allows infection if, as a result of an autoimmune disease, the functions of the immune system are reduced to a minimum in a person. When the body is weakened, even a minimal amount of viral cells can activate a deadly disease. But, here is a counter fact - people with practically no immunity could not exist for a long time, so death would come earlier than the likelihood of HIV infection.

It is important! Despite the controversial arguments, the issue with the likelihood of infection through saliva has been resolved, and the kiss is practically not dangerous. Therefore, if there is no direct contact with blood, semen, vaginal secretion of the carrier of the virus, then it remains safe for others.

How can you get infected with HIV?

Ways of infection	Short description
Sex without using a condom	It is determined that this method of infection remains the most common in the world. At the same time, you need to pay attention to the fact that the risk of infection during anal sex is very high. This is explained by possible damage to the rectum. Oral sex also does not exclude the possibility of acquiring HIV infection, but in this case, infection will occur if the sperm of the carrier of the virus enters the oral cavity, where there are bleeding wounds
Injections	In second place is the injection route, when the virus is transmitted to a healthy person through poorly sterilized medical instruments or a needle (using one needle is very often practiced by drug addicts)
From mother to child	A viral infection can be transmitted to a child during pregnancy, in the process of feeding, when the baby passes through the birth canal. But, if preventive measures are taken in a timely manner, then the risk of infection of the child will be reduced to a minimum (caesarean section, artificial feeding)
Consequences of the profession	When a healthcare worker, having abrasions or other injuries, carelessly handles infected blood
Organ transplant	When transplanting internal organs or transfusing blood from a carrier

Attention! If you protect yourself with condoms with untested partners and carefully carry out all the manipulations that may be associated with blood, then you can not worry about acquiring HIV infection.

How not to get HIV, you can learn from a specialist by reviewing the video.

Video - How not to get HIV

When is HIV not transmitted?

There are supposed ways of infection with a pathologically dangerous virus, but they have not been confirmed by science, so infection is excluded:

Household way. When using common things (towels, common bed linen, dishes), infection is impossible.
Airborne. The virus is not able to survive in the air, so this method also does not have the right to exist.
Handshake. The human skin will arrange in such a way that viruses are not able to penetrate through the body, provided that it is intact. However, a risk is allowed if both people (healthy and carrier) have bleeding wounds on their hands. But, in this case, the handshake is excluded.
Insect bites. When both a healthy person and a carrier of the virus are bitten by a blood-sucking insect, infection does not occur, since the insect sucks in infected blood, but does not release it when bitten by another individual. The possibility of infection through contact with animals is also excluded, since the virus is not able to multiply in their body.
When visiting the pools. The immunodeficiency virus is not able to survive in water, therefore, if there was a carrier of the virus before visiting a healthy person, then nothing will happen.
Through needle injections in transport. Not so long ago, the public was alarmed by the phenomenon of AIDS terrorism, when healthy people were stabbed with a contaminated needle in public places. However, in medicine, not a single case of infection in this way has been confirmed.

To prevent HIV infection, parents should teach their children about the rules of sexuality and protection from an early age. Do not neglect the use of a condom with an unverified partner. It is best not to kiss an infected person unless you are sure of a completely healthy oral cavity (no fistulas, bleeding wounds, toothbrush damage, etc.). If a kiss has occurred, it is recommended to visit a doctor and do the necessary tests. In general, every sexually active person should be tested for HIV every six months. Thus, when a destructive virus is detected, it is possible to maintain the quality of the virus by taking special therapy, and to prevent the premature development of AIDS.

The human immunodeficiency virus has such a name for a reason, because it is a purely human pathology that is not dangerous for other mammals. There are, however, a couple of variations of this virus, which, according to special studies, infect African monkeys (HIV-2) and possibly chimpanzees (HIV-1), but they have nothing to do with humans, being transmitted only within the species. For the human race, the danger is precisely HIV infection, which opens the way to the body for many dangerous viruses and bacteria. Therefore, it should not be treated carelessly. But you can protect yourself from this terrible disease only by knowing how HIV infection is transmitted from person to person.

A little about HIV itself

Humanity learned about the immunodeficiency virus at the end of the 20th century (1983), when at the same time this virus was discovered in two scientific laboratories. One of them was located in France (Louis Pasteur Institute), the other - in the USA (National Cancer Institute). A year earlier, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was given its current name, which, as it turned out, is the final phase of HIV infection.

When a new unknown retrovirus was isolated and given the name HTLV-III, it was also suggested that this particular virus could be the cause of such a terrible disease as AIDS. Further research confirmed this hypothesis, and humanity learned about a new danger that can kill without weapons.

How is HIV transmitted?

The human immunodeficiency virus is a terrible and insidious disease, for which there is no effective treatment yet. But around HIV there are many different rumors. Some say that the virus itself is not so terrible if you can live with it for more than 10 years. The real danger, in their opinion, is only the last stage of the disease - AIDS, when various pathologies develop in the body, most of which have a complicated course.

Others are terribly afraid of becoming infected with HIV, believing that any contact with an infected person carries a great danger. This leads to neurotic disorders and depression, because an infected person may not even be aware of his carriage, not to mention other people who do not notice any changes in the virus carrier. The presence of the virus in the body can only be determined by diagnostic means, by conducting a special blood test for antibodies to HIV.

In principle, there is some truth in both opinions. But both the careless attitude to the HIV problem and the excessive concern for one's health at the expense of human relationships and mental health are extremes that will not benefit either one or the other.

HIV has 3 main transmission routes that you should pay close attention to, because it is in these cases that the risk of infection is especially high:

During sexual intercourse (sexual or contact transmission),
When manipulating blood (parenteral route),
During pregnancy, labor activity and breastfeeding (vertical transmission).

In other cases, the possibility of getting HIV is so small that even doctors do not consider these ways as dangerous.

By learning how HIV infection is transmitted, you can take all measures to block any ways for infection to enter the body. It should not be thought that only those people who, due to professional duties, are forced to come into contact with infected people or who are related to virus carriers in some way, are at risk. You can become infected with the human immunodeficiency virus even if you have a virus-negative partner.

On the other hand, some couples, in which one of the partners is a virus carrier, live quite happily, because they are careful in sexual intercourse. Thus, consideration for others and caution are important conditions that help stop the spread of a terrible disease.

How is HIV transmitted from a man?

So, the greatest probability of letting HIV infection into your body is observed during sexual intercourse. This applies to both heterosexual and homosexual couples. A man in sex is always the introductory side. Yes, and often it is men who are the "customers" of love entertainment. Therefore, the risk of infection from a man is higher than from a woman.

This is also facilitated by such a moment that the content of virus cells in semen is almost 3 times higher than in the vaginal secretion of women. Even a minimal amount of sperm on the penis can infect the female body, but it is very difficult to remove it from there due to the structural features of the female genital organs, which are located deep inside. Ordinary douching after sexual intercourse does not guarantee the removal of the virus from the body.

Note that sex with an HIV-positive partner does not necessarily end in infection. In order for the virus to become active, it must enter the bloodstream. It can enter the bloodstream only through damage to the skin and mucous membranes. Usually, during sexual intercourse, microcracks form on the vaginal mucosa, which do not pose a danger to a woman until some infection, for example, the human immunodeficiency virus, enters her bowels. If there are no microdamages, and the woman thoroughly cleaned the vagina after intercourse, infection may not occur.

The danger for a woman is infectious and inflammatory processes in the vagina, which make the mucous membrane more vulnerable and permeable to all kinds of bacteria and viruses. The probability of violation of the integrity of the mucosa during intercourse is high with inflammation of the internal genital organs and sexually transmitted diseases. In the latter case, partners can simply exchange "sores", which will only aggravate the situation of both.

But so far it was about the classic sexual intercourse between a man and a woman. However, in our time, a certain perverted form of it is also very actively practiced - anal sex, when the penis is inserted not into the vagina, but into the rectum through the anus. Some consider this method as a possibility of preventing unwanted pregnancy without the use of contraceptives.

It must be said that such intercourse is not only unnatural, but also carries a great danger in terms of the spread of HIV infection. And all because the delicate tissue of the rectum and anus is even more susceptible to damage than the inner lining of the vagina, which is protected by the mucous secretion produced in it, which softens friction.

The rectum in nature is designed for other purposes. It does not belong to the reproductive organs and it does not produce a special lubricant that protects the walls from friction and damage. Therefore, during anal sex, there is a high probability of damage to the tissues of the anus and intestines due to strong friction, especially if intercourse is performed in a rough form.

At the same time, a man, again, suffers less, because if there is no damage to the penis, then he is unlikely to be able to get infected from an HIV-positive partner. Moreover, the hygiene of the penis is much easier than the cleansing of the internal reproductive organs of a woman. But if a woman had anal sex with an HIV-positive man, then the probability of infection in her is almost 100%.

Knowing how HIV is transmitted is also very important for homosexual couples, and we have a lot of them, because the persecution of people with a non-traditional orientation has long been a thing of the past. For homosexual couples, the main source of sexual satisfaction is anal sex, in which the risk of infection is incredibly high.

Oral sex with an HIV-positive man can also pose some danger to partners (the penis is inserted into the mouth of a partner or homosexual partner). The fact is that in the oral cavity there can also be various microdamages provoked by rough or spicy food, an inflammatory process in the tissues, etc. Getting infected sperm on wounds is fraught with the transmission of the virus into the bloodstream, from where it is no longer possible to remove it.

And even if there were no wounds on the mucous membranes of the mouth, they can end up in the esophagus and stomach. In such cases, the danger is swallowing sperm, which many women do not disdain, having read information about the beneficial composition of seminal fluid and its effect on youth and beauty.

As you can see, sexual transmission of HIV is quite common. No wonder almost 70% of infections fall on this factor. This fact is also interesting: despite the fact that a woman is more at risk during sexual contact, the prevalence of the virus among men and women is approximately the same. And the blame for everything is promiscuity with a large number of partners, an increase in the number of homosexual couples, the practice of group sex.

There is something to think about. But preventing HIV from entering the body during sexual intercourse is not so difficult if you use high-quality condoms every time, if you know that the partner is a carrier of the virus. And even if there is no information about the health status of a sex partner, it is not worth excluding the possibility of a virus carrier. But it is worth protecting yourself from possible infection by insisting on protected sex using a condom.

You can practice unprotected sex only with a permanent partner in whom you are 100% sure. But even here it is not necessary to discard the possibility of infecting a partner in other ways (for example, through blood during surgery, if surgical instruments were not sufficiently disinfected, or after visiting a dentist). It would be nice to take an HIV test after each such intervention, but practice shows that this recommendation is carried out very, very rarely.

How is HIV transmitted from a woman?

Although the probability of catching HIV from a representative of the weaker sex is less, it should not be ruled out either. After all, inflammatory pathologies of the genital organs, weakening their tissues, occur not only in women, but also in men. Therefore, after sex with an HIV-positive partner, a man with inflammation or mechanical trauma to the penis, which led to damage to its tissues, can also detect HIV in himself over time.

Therefore, we can say with confidence that sex with a condom protects not only a woman, but also a man from infection. And if we also take into account that men are polygamous by nature, i.e. cannot remain faithful to one partner for a long time, then having sex without a condom, they endanger not only themselves, but also their permanent partner. Indeed, for a beloved woman, they themselves become the source of infection, even for the time being without suspecting it.

Such carelessness is especially dangerous for young couples who are still planning to have children. After all, an unsuspecting woman (we do not forget that the disease can manifest itself even after 10 years or more), seeking advice about pregnancy, can learn with horror about her virus carrier. Therefore, couples planning to replenish the family must be aware of the issue of how HIV infection is transmitted from a man to a woman and from a woman to a child.

You must always remember that either the same man or woman can become infected from a man, but from a woman the virus can also be transmitted to her child, who has been in the womb for a certain time. The virus can enter the bloodstream of the fetus even during pregnancy (through the placental barrier) or during the passage of the baby through the birth canal, because babies have such delicate skin that any exposure can cause microdamages on it, invisible to the eye, but sufficient for the penetration of virus cells, which are also microscopic in size. And given that the immune system of a newborn is still in the formative stage, then some babies die in the very first days and months after birth.

Even if the baby is born healthy, there is still a risk of transmission of HIV from the mother through breast milk. For this reason, virus-carrying women have to refuse breastfeeding a baby, which, of course, does not have the best effect on its natural immunity, but at the same time protects the newborn from an unwanted “gift” of a loving mother in the form of a terrible retrovirus.

Yes, let's not hide it, earlier the percentage of HIV-infected children born to mothers with human immunodeficiency virus in their blood was much higher (about 40%). Today, doctors have learned to reduce the activity of HIV in the mother's body with the help of chemical antiviral drugs (usually prescribed starting from the 28th week of pregnancy) and have reduced intrauterine incidence to 1-2%.

This is facilitated by the practice of caesarean section in HIV-infected mothers, which is the prevention of infection of the baby during childbirth, as well as the appointment of antiviral drugs to newborns within a few months after birth. After all, the sooner an infection in the baby’s body is detected, the easier it will be to fight it and the greater the chance that the child will live a long happy life. If preventive measures are not taken, then a maximum of 15 years of life can be predicted for a child.

Preparing for the arrival of a new little family member is always a very exciting moment for a woman, but it is a pleasant excitement. For an HIV-infected pregnant woman, the joy of motherhood is eclipsed by concern about the fate of her baby, who can acquire a terrible disease from birth. And this anxiety will not leave the woman during all 9 months, even if she diligently follows all the doctor's instructions and undergoes routine examinations.

An even greater responsibility lies with women who knew about their illness even before the conception of the baby. They should think over and weigh everything several times before deciding to give life to a child. Indeed, along with life, they can reward the baby with a dangerous disease, predicting him (albeit not always) a sad fate. All the risks associated with HIV infection, the expectant mother must necessarily discuss with the doctor and, with a positive decision, strictly adhere to all medical recommendations.

It is worth thinking in advance about who will help the infected mother care for the child and raise him. Still, constant contact with a child who still does not know how to protect himself from danger presents, albeit small, but the risk of infecting the baby. And the life of an HIV-positive mother may not be as long as she would like it to be. Even before the birth of a child, everything must be done so that later he will not be left alone in this life.

As for men, representatives of the most ancient profession also pose a great danger to them. You need to understand that a woman of easy virtue can have quite a lot of clients, while no one requires health certificates, which means that HIV-infected men may well be among the sexual partners of prostitutes. Such a gift in the form of HIV infection prostitute can present to any subsequent client with whom he will have vaginal or anal sex.

Men should not take risks by having sexual contact with a woman during menstruation. Firstly, this is not an urgent need, secondly, it is unhygienic and, thirdly, it is quite dangerous in terms of blood contact with the penis if there is a possibility that a woman is a carrier of HIV infection. Still, the blood is saturated with virus cells much more than the vaginal secret, which means that the likelihood of infection increases markedly. Is the game worth the candle?

How is HIV transmitted through kissing?

This question is of particular interest to young couples who today practice not only light superficial kisses, but also sensual deep ones. And we already wrote that some of the virus cells are found in many human physiological fluids, including the saliva contained in the oral cavity. It is this moment that worries lovers, because a kiss is the most sincere expression of love for a person.

Lovers should not be especially worried, even if one of the partners turns out to be HIV-positive. Such a manifestation of love as a kiss is quite acceptable in this situation. Saliva contains such a meager number of viral cells that the answer to the incorrect question of how HIV infection is transmitted through saliva is the phrase “practically nothing.”

Theoretically, the possibility of infection in this way remains due to the very minuscule of HIV cells in saliva, but in life there have never been confirmed cases of infection through saliva. You need to understand that this is not just a way to reassure lovers, but statistical information. There are special centers that study the virus and how it spreads. Medical scientists are concerned about the ever-increasing number of patients with HIV, so for each specific case, complete information is collected on where and how the infection occurred. All this is necessary in order to develop effective preventive measures that will help stop the course of the human immunodeficiency virus on our home planet.

During such studies in the United States, a case of transmission of HIV infection during a kiss was recorded. But the carrier of the infection, as it turned out, was not saliva, but the blood that came out at the site of the bite (apparently it was produced in a fit of passion).

A simple loving kiss without damaging the tissues of the oral cavity cannot harm a healthy person, so lovers can safely practice such kisses. Another thing is if bleeding wounds are found in the mouth of both partners, which is observed with periodontitis, stomatitis, tonsillitis and some other pathologies of the oral cavity. Any open wound in an HIV-infected person is a source of infection, while the same wound in a healthy person carries the risk of infection.

Parenteral route of transmission of HIV infection

If the vertical route of transmission of the virus is typical only for women who have decided to give birth to a child, then both women and men can be equally infected by contact and parenteral routes. We have already considered all the nuances of the contact route of infection. It's time to pay attention to the transmission of HIV through the blood.

There are 2 risk factors associated mainly with the medical instrument. Firstly, these are surgical supplies that must be strictly sterile. Insufficient disinfection of an instrument that was previously used in manipulations with an HIV-infected patient is a risk factor for infecting another patient.

And this applies not only to surgery, but also to dental offices, beauty salons that practice manicure and pedicure, where clients are not asked at all for a certificate of the absence of HIV in the body. In the event of an accidental cut, blood particles from an infected person remain on a scalpel or other device used in surgery, dentistry, and cosmetology. With insufficient treatment of the instrument (washed with water and enough, but you need to treat it with alcohol or boil for at least 1-2 minutes), the virus cells remaining on it can easily enter the body of a healthy person through various lesions on the skin.

Let the probability of infection in this case is small, but it also cannot be discounted. To protect yourself from parenteral infection during medical or cosmetic procedures, you must insist on the use of disposable instruments that are taken out of the package in front of the patient. Fortunately, now disposable tools are not a problem. At least in private medical centers that value their reputation and income.

Another unlikely way to infect a patient with the human immunodeficiency virus is to transfuse the blood of an HIV-infected person. This can only happen in an emergency, when there are no blood supplies, and seconds count. In this case, blood can be taken from an unverified person only on the basis of the compatibility of the group and the Rh factor, while the donor himself may not be aware of his illness, which is usually in no hurry to manifest itself. Blood at donor stations must be tested for HIV, so the likelihood of infection from tested donor blood is practically zero.

When manipulating HIV-infected patients, some medical staff also have a risk of infection. This risk is small, and is mainly caused by the negligence of a doctor or nurse who, during an operation or other actions with the blood of a patient, inadvertently damages the tissues on the arm in the place where it comes into contact with the blood of an HIV-positive patient. Infection may not occur, but the danger is still there, and we must not forget about it.

There is another answer to the question of how HIV infection is transmitted parenterally. The use of injection paraphernalia by a group of people is considered a risk factor for human immunodeficiency virus infection in the blood. In practice, this phenomenon is often common among drug addicts who are trying to save money on syringes.

Potentially dangerous in this case are not only the needles of syringes that are in direct contact with human tissues and blood, but also the syringes themselves, as well as the containers from which the liquid drug is taken. These tools are not processed in the environment of drug addicts, which means that blood particles of the previous user, who may have an HIV-positive status, remain on them. Drugs are injected into the body intravenously, and the virus is delivered directly into the bloodstream, where it begins its destructive action.

Drug addiction is a disease, and it is not so easy to recover from pathological addiction. But everything can be done so that HIV infection does not join the harmful effects of drugs.

Prevention in this case is the use of individual (preferably disposable) syringes and ampoules, as well as the avoidance of promiscuity, which is often practiced among drug addicts against the background of the drug ecstasy they receive, clouding the mind and logical thinking. But even in such a state, a person is able to realize the danger of his actions, unless, of course, drugs completely destroyed his ability to think. In this case, kisses should be canceled for a while, and they should be resumed only after the damage to the oral mucosa, gums and lips has completely healed.

The likelihood of contracting HIV during a kiss is negligible, but you should not completely ignore the fact of such a possibility. If the kiss is a manifestation of true love, then the partners will take all precautions so as not to harm each other. Indeed, in this case, infection with the human immunodeficiency virus is a tragedy for both.

But passionately kissing with unverified partners is clearly not worth it. And it's not even the depth of the kiss. It is worth considering whether an unfamiliar person will take care of your safety in a fit of passion, or are you threatened with bites or unprotected sex, which may well follow kisses? Are you completely sure that your casual partner is HIV-negative?

Only with a trusted partner can you feel safe while taking preventive measures such as using a condom and being careful when kissing. There is no need to rush to reject a loved one if he has HIV, because the human immunodeficiency virus is not SARS or a fungus, it is not transmitted by airborne droplets, through hands, dishes, a bathroom, a toilet. So, if you are careful, the probability of getting infected is not so great, which is proved by many happy couples, one of whose partners is a virus carrier.

How is HIV transmitted in the home?

If the topic of kissing was of interest mainly to couples in love and loving parents, who are also happy to give kisses to their children, then the issue of the risk of contracting HIV infection in everyday life is of concern to many readers of different ages. After all, if it turns out that HIV can be caught not through sexual contact, a surgical operation or during a blood transfusion, but through a household way, the danger can threaten almost all people.

Let's not deceive the reader, arguing that HIV infection in the home is impossible, if only to prevent panic. Let's face it, the danger of infection exists and it is real. However, this is not a reason to panic in advance. In order for infection to occur, certain conditions are required that can be successfully stopped, it is only important to know how HIV infection is transmitted in everyday life and avoid such situations.

Most often, men get infected in domestic conditions, which once again equalizes their chances of receiving an unwanted “gift” with women. The cause of infection in the vast majority of cases is the usual shaving, which in the male environment is considered a familiar procedure.

You can shave twice a day, and once a week, this will not change the likelihood of contracting HIV. Even the type of razor in this case does not play a significant role, since if you shave carelessly, you can get hurt with a safety or electric razor. Another thing is important, whose machine or razor do you shave with?

Razor, like a toothbrush, must be individual. Giving a razor to others or using someone else's can only bring trouble on yourself in the form of HIV infection in the blood. And here it does not matter how many times it had to be used. If you cut yourself with a razor that has the blood of an HIV-infected person (a friend or relative, and we know that he himself could not be aware of the disease), there is every chance to let the virus into his blood. And the chances are quite high.

When asked if there have been cases of HIV infection while shaving, the answer will be yes. True, information about the route of infection in all episodes was obtained from the patient himself and based on his assumptions. Perhaps there were other contacts that could cause infection, or maybe the public razor became the culprit of the trouble. Be that as it may, but it is not worth excluding the quite logical possibility of domestic HIV infection. But this possibility can be prevented if you use an individual shaving set, protecting it from the encroachments of friends and family members (among which, by the way, there may be women who are not spared from excessive vegetation).

Above we mentioned the toothbrush. And not in vain, because if an HIV-positive person has problems with teeth, gums or oral mucosa, particles of infected blood can certainly hide on the brush after brushing the teeth, which will become a source of infection for another brush user.

True, in order for infection to occur through a razor or a toothbrush, it is necessary that the blood be fresh enough, because the human immunodeficiency virus is a very unstable substance that cannot exist outside the host's body, therefore it quickly dies in the open air.

Theoretically, the human immunodeficiency virus can also be transmitted by shaking hands. This would actually be an improbable situation, because infection is possible only if there are fresh lesions on the hands (rather even palms) of both partners outstretched for a handshake. Plus, the blood of an HIV-infected person must get into the wound of a healthy person. Yes, the situation is more than rare, because who will stretch out a bloody hand during a greeting, but it’s still worth knowing about such a probability.

It is even less likely to contract AIDS in the pool, where they are allowed only after providing a certificate of the absence of various kinds of infections in the visitor's body. True, the HIV test is not taken in all cases. But this has little effect on the likelihood of infection. In order to become infected in the pool, one must either step on the blood of an infected person with an open wound, or end up with the same wound in water, noticeably flavored with someone else's blood, or provoke a bloody fight. What do you think is the likelihood of such an event?

Public baths and saunas practically exclude the possibility of contracting HIV infection, although no one requires a certificate there. But, firstly, the virus cannot live on its own without a host, and secondly, it is afraid of exposure to high temperatures.

As for massage parlors, the likelihood of contracting HIV is much higher during manicures and pedicures, which can be done in beauty salons or at home by both women and men. And all the fault will be poorly disinfected devices. Trust your nails only to proven and accurate cosmetologists, and you will not have problems with HIV.

During massage, infection can again occur only during mixing of blood, i.e. it is necessary that both the masseur's hands and the client's skin, which the masseur touches, are damaged. It is clear that such a situation can be considered rather an exception to the rule.

It's time to talk about more mundane things, like the toilet. Can you get the human immunodeficiency virus from using the toilet?

Neither urine nor feces are considered to be a serious source of HIV infection capable of provoking the disease. In a public toilet, you are more likely to catch other infections, including those that are sexually transmitted, than the immunodeficiency virus, which is transmitted mainly through blood or semen.

Yes, such secretions may accidentally end up on the rim of the toilet, but in order for them to cause infection, it is necessary that the buttocks of the one who sits on them have damage through which the virus would enter the bloodstream. This situation is simply ridiculous, because not a single smart person will sit on the toilet in a public place (and even with such obvious traces of someone else's stay), without first laying at least toilet paper, but rather a disposable seat specially designed for this.

If we are not talking about a toilet bowl, but about a bowl or hole for draining, which can often be found in public restrooms, then they do not pose any danger of infection at all, since they exclude the contact of bodily fluids.

Just because HIV isn't transmitted in a public toilet doesn't mean you shouldn't practice good personal hygiene. Clean hands and caution will help to avoid infection with other, no less dangerous infections, which are quite enough in public places with the abbreviation MF.

As for cutlery and crockery, you should not worry too much here, even when visiting canteens and cafes. HIV is definitely not transmitted through dishes, unlike many intestinal infections.

Based on the foregoing and information on how HIV infection is transmitted, it can be concluded that it is virtually impossible to get a human immunodeficiency virus in a domestic way. You have to be extremely sloppy, unscrupulous or awkward person to get on the list of exceptions, which can only be called a curious accident. But caution and understanding will serve more than one person in good stead, including those who have found their happiness in the person of an HIV-positive partner.

Today, the human immunodeficiency virus has become a real grief for the inhabitants of many countries of the world. The number of infected people is increasing every year. An effective vaccine against this pathogen still does not exist, although an active search for an effective drug is underway. Against the backdrop of a similar situation, many panic and are catastrophically afraid of getting infected.

Doctors often hear questions about whether HIV is transmitted through kissing? The concern is entirely logical. It is explained by the desire to preserve health and preserve life. When AIDS is diagnosed, kissing can, in extremely rare cases, cause an infection. To understand this issue in detail, you need to study the main ways of transmission of the virus and consider risk factors.

Can HIV be transmitted through kissing?

The first thing to emphasize is the difference between the human immunodeficiency virus and AIDS itself. Only the infection itself can theoretically be transmitted by kissing. However, no such cases have been reported in practice. AIDS is not transmitted through a kiss, as it is the final stage of a person's infection with a virus. In most cases, panic and psychological fear grow due to people's lack of awareness of such matters.

Today you can find many couples in which one of the partners is the carrier of the infection. However, this does not mean that a healthy person will necessarily become infected from it. By using condoms, you can protect your health and avoid serious illness. If it were possible to get HIV through a kiss, then in the modern world there would be practically no healthy people left. Communication with an infected person is safe for healthy members of society.

Many believe that HIV is transmitted through a kiss. Even though doctors stubbornly claim otherwise, people tend to succumb to panic and collective fear. Of course, extra precaution in this matter will never hurt, but there is no need to go to extremes. The negative answer to the question of whether it is possible to become infected with HIV through a kiss is justified by the following facts:

The concentration of the virus in saliva is negligible. In order for the infection to begin to actively multiply in the body, it is necessary to throw a huge amount of pathologically altered biological material. Saliva contains very few cells of the human immunodeficiency virus, so infection through contact of this kind is almost impossible. However, such a method of transmission cannot be excluded theoretically.
Virus cells actively divide only in blood, vaginal secretions, semen and breast milk. These body fluids are potentially dangerous. Saliva does not play any role in this. It is worth worrying only if there was contact with the substances indicated above.
There has not been a single case of infection during a kiss in the world. If you use a condom during sex and avoid unprotected oral sex, then infection does not occur. In this case, you can kiss, since this process is not potentially dangerous.
The saliva that remains on the face after a kiss dries up quickly. The virus cannot live and multiply in the dried secretion of the human body. Potentially dangerous flora dies after a few minutes.

If people listened more to doctors and succumbed less to public panic, then there would be no questions about whether HIV is transmitted by kissing. If these fears turned out to be true, then it would be possible to catch the infection even by airborne droplets. Constantly asking if HIV is transmitted through a kiss can only further increase psychological discomfort and create an atmosphere of tension. Strong immunity is able to destroy the amount of virus that enters the body with saliva. That is why it is safe to say that HIV infection through a kiss is impossible.

How can HIV be transmitted through kissing?

There are unexpected and sometimes annoying exceptions to every rule. Information that does not appear to be true is not fully justified from a scientific point of view. The risk of infection through saliva is increased if both partners have large bleeding wounds in the mouth and on the lips. However, no sane person would kiss with such injuries. Here it’s not even about infection, but about unpleasant sensations and aesthetic discomfort. Few people will dare to contact with such injuries.

However, situations are different. If for some reason such an action took place and the partners had open bleeding wounds in the mouth and on the lips, then the question of whether AIDS can be transmitted by kissing seems quite logical and natural. The only reassurance is the fact that in the entire history of the existence of this disease, such cases have not been identified.

Another risk factor may be too low immunity. This is due to any severe autoimmune disease. When the human body is weakened to the extreme limits, then even a small fraction of the virus cells can provoke the development of the disease. However, people with such low immunity would rather die before infection occurred. That is why this method of transmission is practically impossible.

Whether AIDS or HIV is transmitted through a kiss is a question that has long been resolved. Despite the lack of scientific evidence, it is safe to say that HIV infection (AIDS) cannot be transmitted through a kiss. It is not worth renouncing infected people, since with protected sex and no contact with their blood, they do not carry any danger to a healthy person.

Prevention of HIV infection through kissing

Many incurable diseases are much easier to prevent than to live with them and constantly fight them. Today, children from school are taught that they need to take care of their health. It is in the educational institution that the child should receive an answer to the question of whether it is possible to kiss with HIV-infected people. Of course, if it is possible to avoid such contact with a sick person, then it is better not to risk your own health. However, the fact of the committed action should not become a sentence, since medicine does not know cases when it was through a kiss that the transmission of HIV infection occurred.

The most important thing to teach children is to take care of their health carefully and responsibly. Adults should not neglect similar recommendations. You need to choose your environment correctly, do not rush to start sexual activity, always use condoms during sexual intercourse.

In addition, children and adults should know and clearly understand how HIV infection is transmitted through kissing. This will prevent the panic fear of getting infected and provide psychological comfort. However, practical knowledge in such matters does not hurt. Is it possible to get AIDS with a kiss - every person should know. At the slightest suspicion of the presence of a virus, you need to urgently go to the doctor and take tests. This will save the lives of many people.