Base oils for essential oils. How to use essential oils. base oil
The first rule of aromatherapy says: "Essential oils are highly concentrated substances that must be diluted before being applied to the skin." We are aware of the existence of general recommendations for choosing the percentage of dilution of essential oils in the base, depending on age, place of application and problem (for more details, see the article). But this is not the only thing that it is desirable to take into account when compiling products for skin application.
An important role is played by the choice of the base for dilution of essential oils. The base determines the percentage of transdermal penetration of the components of essential oils, affects the level of evaporation of essential oils from the surface from the skin. The choice of a safe percentage of the concentration of essential oils in the mixture depends on the choice of base.
The obvious advantage of water-based products in terms of the percentage of penetration of essential oils does not at all mean the uselessness of using vegetable oils as a base. Due to their composition, vegetable oils themselves are a powerful therapeutic product., and the presence of essential oils contributes to a deeper penetration of valuable components of vegetable oils. The oil base prevents the essential oils from evaporating quickly from the surface of the skin, which occurs when using water-based products. And finally, there are situations when we do not need deep penetration of essential oils. For example, in the treatment of skin diseases.
An interesting nuance is also the fact that the percentage of penetration of the components of essential oils can be increased up to 70% if the area of application of the agent is covered with a film for 30-60 minutes ( Bronaugh et al., 1990).
Regardless of the chosen base, it is important to remember about the property of essential oils to enhance the transdermal penetration of related components. For example, skin application of a lotion enriched with vitamin C and lemon essential oil showed a 4-fold increase in vitamin C absorption compared to a lotion without the addition of lemon essential oil ( Tisserrand, 2013).
A number of studies have confirmed an increase (up to 100-fold in some cases) in the absorption of drugs applied to the skin ( Bowles, 2003). That is why it is required with extreme caution to apply products enriched with essential oils in close proximity to hormonal and nicotine patches.
When creating an aromatherapy product for skin use, be sure to consider these nuances in order to make your product as effective and safe as possible!
Cosmetic oils are a storehouse of various vitamins and minerals and, unlike artificial oils, do not have harmful impurities: dyes, preservatives and flavors. For this reason, getting on the body, they do not provoke allergies.
Oils nourish and moisturize our skin, saturating it with useful microelements, have rejuvenating and softening properties. They are also used to treat various dermatological conditions.
base oils are the main ingredient in home cosmetics. Unlike purchased products, you yourself choose the dosage of one or another component, depending on the desired result.
solid oils used in soap making, creams and lip balms. By their properties, they are similar to human sebum, so they are easily accepted by the body and are necessary as a conductor for essential oils, which in turn have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effects.
liquid oils no less useful. They are used in the preparation of soaps, face and hair cosmetics, nail products, and massage oils.
Base cosmetic oils can act as standalone body care products for maximum nutrition and hydration. They help the skin produce collagen, become more elastic and soft.
Due to the high content of vitamin E, a natural preservative and antioxidant, oils slow down the aging process, improve microcirculation and regeneration in the skin.
Cosmetic oils list and properties:
Avocado: moisturizes nourishes, accelerates regeneration processes, protects from ultraviolet radiation
apricot: nourishes the deep layers of the skin, slows down aging, promotes regeneration, improves elasticity, prevents the expansion of pores, normalizes the sebaceous glands
Peanut: softens the skin, even the most sensitive.
Apricot Kernel Oil: smoothes wrinkles, restores skin microdamages
Grape seed oil: tightens pores, reduces the effect of fatigue and inflammation
Cherry kernel oil: relieves pain and inflammation, smoothes and restores damaged skin, has a whitening effect
mustard: prevents gray hair, restores hair structure, has anti-inflammatory and anti-sclerotic effects
Jojoba: regulates sebum production, relieves irritation, moisturizes, prevents dandruff, treats burns
Wheat germ oil: powerful immunomodulatory effect, promotes regeneration, increases skin tightness
Hypericum: anti-inflammatory, promotes hair growth, reduces acne, used for burns
calendula: relieves inflammation, soothes and heals. Suitable for very sensitive skin, shrinks pores, prevents acne
Cocoa: softens, nourishes, restores, protects the skin from external influences
castor: nourishes the skin, relieves inflammation, restores hair structure
Cedar: prevents aging, nourishes and restores hair, improves skin elasticity
coconut: treats skin infections, nourishes the skin, smoothes wrinkles.
Almond: stimulates hair growth, improves skin elasticity, prevents pore enlargement.
peach: prevents skin aging, smoothes wrinkles.
Shea Butter: regenerates, protects from the harmful effects of the sun.
wild rose: has anti-aging and anti-inflammatory effects, helps the skin with damage, dryness, dehydration, removes stretch marks.
Of course, the list of cosmetic oils is huge, we have only indicated the most popular and affordable products.
Nourishing, moisturizing, softening and smoothing are the properties of each of these oils, but some of them stand out for their special directional action. Therefore, some oils are used with an enviable frequency and for solving very specific problems.
List of cosmetic hair oils
Every day, hair is exposed to various physical and chemical influences: streams of hot air from a hair dryer or a heated curling iron, severe frosts, caustic hair dyes, fixatives and much more. For this reason, they need our special attention.
There are many different reasons why cosmetic oils are used for hair care. We list the main ones:
Hair structure restoration
Giving them extra shine
Split End Prevention
Stimulation of hair growth - nutrition of hair follicles and scalp
Dandruff treatment
Decreased scalp oiliness
Improvement of sebaceous secretions
Thermal protection (hot hair dryer or curling iron, severe frosts)
To solve these problems, there are a number of cosmetic oils. All of them, in addition to the general nourishing effect, have special benefits for the hair, which makes them popular hair care products.
So, cosmetic hair oils list:
Pumpkin
olive
Sunflower
Ryzhikovoe
Hypericum
tea tree
Hemp
corn
corn
Almond
coconut
grape seed
Burdock
castor
For normal hair, it is better to use corn, olive, linseed and almond oils. Avocado, jojoba, shea and coconut will restore dry and damaged hair, give it volume and protect against dandruff and brittleness.
Tea tree oil, like grape seed oil, normalizes the level of oily scalp. Particular attention should be paid to those means that prevent hair loss.
Base oils for hair in the table.
Base oils for hair are good both on their own and in combination with other ingredients. They are added to various hair care products, but their quantity leaves much to be desired. In addition, mass-use items may not bring the desired result.
For this reason, many resort to the use of home cosmetics. This allows you to make the hair care procedure as effective and individual as possible. Don't get too carried away with the amount of supplements. Let it be from 2 to 5 ingredients, then the properties of the oil will not be lost in the total mass.
Table 1. Base oils for hair
| Oil | Action and application |
|---|---|
| Burdock | Helps strengthen hair roots, creates an excellent nutrient medium for them. Awakens hair follicles, promotes the growth of hair, eyebrows and eyelashes, protects against dandruff. |
| coconut | For hair care, unrefined oil is used, which prevents the loss of hair shine, protects against excess moisture, preventing it from being absorbed into the hair. Promotes easy combing. |
| Almond | Suitable for the scalp of any fat content, nourishes it, stimulates hair growth and strengthens the roots. Prevents falling out. |
| castor | It is widely used to restore hair after chemical treatments, such as perms or dyes. Nourishes the scalp, eliminates neoplasms. Gives hair a healthy shine. |
| Avocado | Nourishes the hair and scalp, thick enough, but perfectly absorbed. Resists ultraviolet radiation. Works great on its own and can be easily combined with other oils. |
| Linen | Improves the appearance and structure of hair, gives them shine and volume. Contains a large amount of vitamin F. It is used both as an independent remedy and in combination. |
| Jojoba | Improves the growth of eyelashes, head hair and eyebrows, increases their volume and improves the structure of the hair, removing brittleness and dullness. |
Cosmetic oils for face and body on a table
Natural oils are one of the best skin care products for the whole body. They contain a huge number of useful components, do not contain harmful substances, unlike store-bought products, and therefore do not cause allergies.
Cosmetic oils can act as an independent care product.
Can be applied to the body after a bath or as a massage aid. Often, oils are added to various creams, serums and lotions.
The nutritional value of cosmetic products is determined not only by the amount of oil, but also by its properties. To understand them, consider the table.
Table 2. Cosmetic oils and their properties
| Oil | Action and application |
|---|---|
| apricot | Suitable for aging and dry skin, it significantly stimulates cell metabolism and nourishes the skin. Eliminates peeling, wrinkles and dehydration. |
| Avocado | Best suited for dry and damaged skin. Promotes collagen production and good circulation. Gives elasticity to the skin. |
| Almond | Suitable for all skin types except oily. Relieves irritation, eliminates hypovitaminosis and dryness. |
| olive | Perfectly moisturizes and nourishes, smoothes wrinkles, not recommended for owners of oily skin. |
| sea buckthorn | The oil is suitable for sensitive and problematic skin. Well nourishes, rejuvenates, rich in antioxidants |
| peach | Ideal for facial skin, especially for areas around the eyes. Oil reduces wrinkles, relieves inflammation and circles under the eyes, whitens and cleanses the skin. |
The choice of cosmetic oils is very large. You just have to choose the option that will help you get the desired result. What recipes do you homemade cosmetics you used? How do you rate the effectiveness of oils?
When you start making soap and handmade cosmetics, you face many questions about base oil: what types are there? what is the difference between refined and unrefined and which is better? what is cold pressed oil? What is special about solid oils? Which oils are suitable for which skin type? How much oil can be added to soap? and other questions. I will do my best to answer them in this article.
What is base oil
Base oils (base oils, carrier oils) are fatty nutritious oils of vegetable origin. This is a completely independent product with its own characteristics, properties and purpose. They can be used as a basis for essential compositions, as a “cream” for the face and body, as medicines, as additives to soap and natural cosmetics (creams, shampoos, shower gels and scrubs, bath foam, etc.), as a means for make-up removal, for massage, to strengthen nails, and of course, as an indispensable thing in cooking.
Base oils have the most valuable composition: very important polyunsaturated fatty acids, triglycerides, waxes, phosphatides, lipochromes, tocopherols and the whole spectrum of vitamins. In everyday life, they are simply irreplaceable, thanks to their composition, what can we say about the benefits for beauty and health.
BM stimulate cellular metabolism, tissue regeneration, due to which they have a strong antioxidant effect, promote the synthesis of fibrogen and collagen, improve and strengthen skin cell membranes, improve skin nutrition, increase the ability of skin cells to retain moisture, improve lymph and blood circulation, increase skin tone, normalize the secretion of the sebaceous glands, remove dust, dirt and cosmetics from the surface of the skin, and can also dissolve the deposited secrets of the sweat glands.
Composition of base oils
The composition of the base oil is a rather complex mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. The predominance of saturated fatty acids makes the oil hard, the more unsaturated fatty acids, the more liquid it is in consistency.
For those who actively use oils, it is important to know that the more oleic acid (refers to monounsaturated fatty acids) in the oil, the better the oil will be absorbed into the skin, and the better its transport properties will be (increases the penetration of other active ingredients into the skin) . True, there is a small feature, if the oil is absorbed very quickly, then it can close the pores, which provokes the appearance of acne. If the oil is absorbed for a long time, then a greasy film will remain on the skin. Often this feature is corrected using mixtures of oils.
Oils contain essential unsaturated acids (not produced by the body) - linoleic, linolenic, gamma-linolenic and their derivatives.
People with dry and sensitive skin should pay attention to the content of omega-6 acids in the oil (these are linoleic and gamma-linolenic acids), and people with skin diseases are recommended oils with a high content of linolenic acid and its derivatives (omega-3 acids), which has strong anti-inflammatory properties.
With a deficiency of essential acids, skin peeling, itching, a feeling of dryness, and redness appear. The source of essential fatty acids can be vegetable oils rich in these components, in which gamma-linolenic acid is especially high, especially this oil of borage, blackcurrant, evening primrose.
In the production of cosmetics, the saponifiable and unsaponifiable fraction of vegetable oil is used. Saponifiable is a combination of glycerol and fatty acids, if you add alkali to it, then we get soap. This fraction is responsible for the appearance and properties of the oil.
The unsaponifiable fraction is a combination of biologically active substances - vitamin E, phytosterols, carotenoids and others. It is responsible for regenerating and antioxidant properties, which is especially beneficial for aging skin. When combined with alkali, soap does not form.
Refined, unrefined oils, cold pressed
All oils are divided into refined and unrefined, the difference is in the degree of purification. The degree of usefulness of the oil is determined by the fatty acid composition, which does not change during the refining process.
Oil is refined in order to make it tasteless, it is necessary first of all in cooking, it also does not smoke and does not form foam when frying foods. There are two ways of refining - physical (using adsorbents) and chemical (using a special alkali used for food). Basically, they use the second method, since it is cheaper, simpler, and better worked out. Refined oils in specialty soap shops often do not have the pungent odor and specific color that unrefined oils have, so the color of the dye and the smell of the fragrance do not change. They also have a softer texture.
Unrefined oils go through only one level of purification, the so-called cold pressing, often on bottles with such oils they write - exstra virgin. They are more saturated with vitamins, useful substances, microelements. Therefore, for cosmetic purposes, unrefined ones are more often used. The disadvantage of such oils is a short shelf life, everything natural deteriorates faster. You need to store it in the refrigerator in a glass, dark bottle and do not use after the expiration date.
Unrefined oils should not be used in the following cases: for the delicate skin of a child, for pregnant and lactating women, for sensitive, delicate, thin skin, allergic reactions and other undesirable consequences are possible.
Water soluble oils (hydrogenated) or BPM
These are base oils converted into a water-soluble form. They are completely soluble in water and ethyl alcohol. Therefore, they are excellent for creating cosmetics, especially for shampoos, as they are easily washed off, for creams, since they do not weigh down the structure. The conversion process takes place in a vacuum, resulting in a clear, transparent, slightly colored liquid, with a low odor and low acidity.
Advantages:
- retain all the beneficial properties of the oil;
- increase the transparency of the soap base;
- do not affect foaming properties;
- do not delaminate in the finished product;
- can be used as an emulsifier;
- reduce irritation from surfactants;
- further cleanse the skin.
Solid base oils
With liquid oils, everything is more or less clear. Solids differ from liquids, respectively, in a consistency similar to butter, which is why they are often called "butter" (from English butter), thanks to this unique feature, very interesting cosmetics are made from them.
What interesting things can be made from solid oils and how they can be used:
- they can be used as an independent remedy for the face and body;
- as an additive to soap and cosmetics;
- to create hydrophilic tiles (for washing, removing makeup, oils form their basis);
- massage tiles (solid oils melt easily on contact with warm skin);
- soft body cream;
- lip balms;
- bath pralines;
- body scrubs and more.
The peculiarity of solid base oils is that they have a very high content of oleic acid, the main effect of which is moisturizing the skin and increasing elasticity, and stearic acid, thanks to which butters can regulate the consistency of the cream, in this regard, they are often used as a thickener and structurant in recipe.
Some solid oils contain a large part of the unsaponifiable fraction, due to which they have a rejuvenating effect, soothe sensitive, irritated skin, and restore damaged skin.
There are two types of batters:
1. Natural butters. Produced by pressing and processing. They can also be called tropical or exotic, as they are obtained from plants in Africa, Brazil, and India. These are Shea butter (karite), mango, cupuaçu, cocoa and others.
2. Vegetable butters. Not found in nature in the solid state, they are obtained by mixing liquid oil with water-soluble vegetable oils. For example, avocado oil, coffee butter, pistachio, almond. orange butters.
Light and heavy base oils. Blending oils
1. Lungs. They have a delicate texture, quickly absorbed, easily distributed on the skin. These include: grape seed oil, macadamia, apricot, peach, hazelnut, almond, blackcurrant, evening primrose, borage and others.
2. Heavy. Thicker ones, high in natural antioxidants, serve as natural preservatives for oil blends. It is recommended to add them to light oils. Heavy include: cocoa butter, avocado, jojoba, sesame, wheat germ, walnut, cotton, linen and others.
When creating a mixture of oils, you can not be afraid, since the base oils do not “quarrel” with each other, they can be mixed in any combination, in an amount of about 4-5 different items, choosing properties and features.
Most base oils can be safely applied to the body in their pure form, problems can only be due to individual intolerance. It should be borne in mind that some oils, such as cupuacu, amaranth, tamanu, pekui, contain high concentrations of active substances, so you should follow the recommended proportions when adding them to cosmetics.
Some oils can be comedogenic (prone to clogging pores): flaxseed, cocoa, peach, almond, castor, coconut, corn, grape seed, mink, peanut, safflower, sunflower, soybean, shea, cottonseed, and others. They are best used in oil blends.
Non-comedogenic oils: jojoba, wheat germ, apricot kernel, kukui, hazelnut, grape seed, sesame, rice, poppy and others.
Due to the fact that base oils have such different properties and characteristics, you need to carefully select them depending on the type of skin, season, weather, taking into account individual characteristics and problematic points. This is all quite simple and interesting, a kind of creativity, especially when you have information about this or that oil, we will talk about this in the following articles.
In aroma cosmetics, it is important to find a good base for essential oils, because essential oils are highly concentrated plant essences and require dilution. In a mixture with vegetable oils, essential oils are better perceived by the skin.
In proportion to the oil, the carrier only needs a few drops of essential oil, similarly in cooking, only a pinch of herbs or spices is needed to prepare a dish. As carrier oils in aromatherapy, vegetable oils rich in vitamins, proteins and minerals, obtained by cold pressing, are usually used. They literally "carry" essential oils into the body, lubricate the skin, allowing the aromatherapist's hands to easily glide over the massaged body.
The oils obtained in the process of hot extraction, although much cheaper, are completely unsuitable for aromatherapy due to their low quality. The base carrier oil must be unrefined and not treated with any chemicals. The more strongly processed vegetable oils are, the less vitamins remain in them. In oil mills, dyes and other components may be added, which is also undesirable. For aromatherapy purposes, always use oils (we are talking about fixed oils, not essential oils) unrefined, without any additives, preferably virgin oils. It is unlikely to find such oils on the shelves of the nearest supermarket.
Mineral oils (refined, light, petroleum-derived), such as baby oil, should never be used as a carrier oil in aromatherapy. Mineral oils tend to clog pores, while some vegetable oil molecules are absorbed through the skin. Mineral oils do not contain the nutritional components found in vegetable oils: vitamins, minerals, fatty acids - they nourish and improve the skin. Mineral oil is used in the cosmetic industry due to its ability to not deteriorate. But it remains on the skin like an oil film on water and makes skin breathing difficult.
The shelf life of the carrier, base oil depends on its content of fatty acids and vitamin E. Vegetable oils with a high content of saturated fatty acids last longer than those with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids. The vitamin E content also increases the shelf life of the carrier oil. Learn more about expiration dates .
If you have very sensitive skin, you may be allergic to certain types of carrier oils, and you may want to start with allergy testing on your skin.
Below is a list of base oils that can be used to mix with essential oils and a brief description of each oil.
apricot
For all skin types, including children's. Effective for tired, sagging skin.
Light oil texture.
Saturates the skin with vitamins A, B, C, E, F. Moisturizes, restores, tones, softens, nourishes the skin, increases its elasticity. Normalizes the function of the sebaceous glands, prevents the expansion of pores, relieves inflammation. Slows down the aging process, helps to eliminate fine wrinkles and improve skin elasticity. Fights cellulite and rough skin. Indispensable in case of lack of nutrients, adverse effects of environmental factors, used for burns, cracks. Useful for hair and nails. perfectly treats diaper rash and dermatitis in newborns.
Avocado
For normal dry, flaky and aging skin.
Heavy oil, best mixed with light oils.
Clogs pores.
Since avocado oil is very similar in properties to the fat found in human skin, it is very well accepted by it without forming an unpleasant fatty film. This oil is rich in vitamins A, B, D, H and K. In addition, it contains chlorophyll, histidine and lecidin, and has natural sunscreen properties. Avocado oil has an unusually delicate texture, penetrates deep into the skin and gives it a pleasant softness, a great moisturizer. Protects against premature aging, improves elasticity and tone. Suitable for treating burns and irritated skin. Relieves symptoms of eczema, perfectly heals wounds. It is a natural antioxidant. One of the best oils for hair and nails, as well as the area around the eyes (smoothes wrinkles, protects and moisturizes this delicate skin).
Peanut (peanut)
For all skin types, especially dry, aging, sensitive and childish.
Light oil texture.
Easily absorbed and moisturizes the skin. Rich in vitamins and minerals. Relieves rheumatism of the joints. Smoothes wrinkles, accelerates the process of skin cell renewal, prevents the formation of free radicals. Contributing to the improvement of the quality of the skin, giving it elasticity and tone. Nourishes dehydrated skin, softens and intensively moisturizes. Strengthens the protective functions of the epidermis. It has a beneficial effect on strengthening the walls of capillaries and removes the vascular pattern. Helps with small wounds, cuts and pustules on the skin, showing its antiseptic properties.
Argan (ironwood)
For all skin types, especially aging skin.
Light oil texture.
Can clog pores, needs to be checked individually.
Moisturizes and restores the skin, has a rejuvenating effect, has a tightening effect, tightens the facial contour, reduces wrinkles, stimulates blood circulation and collagen production. Increases and maintains skin hydration. Cares for the vulnerable skin of the eyelids by reducing the mesh pattern around the eyes. Effective against stretch marks and cellulite. Strengthens the nail plate and hair follicles. Natural UV filter, protects the skin and hair from the harmful effects of the environment, prevents drying out. Enhances tan. Helps in the healing of neurodermatitis, psoriasis and eczema. Suitable for delicate baby skin.
Babassu
For any skin type.
Light oil texture.
Doesn't clog pores.
It has strong moisturizing properties, improves elasticity and restores a healthy color to the skin, enhances the protective functions of the skin. Allows you to restore skin elasticity, silkiness and softness, prevent the appearance of mimic wrinkles. Its composition is similar to the composition of the skin. Suitable for children's skin.
Buranchik, Borago (borage officinalis)
For all skin types, especially dry, dehydrated and aging.
Light oil texture.
Can clog pores, needs to be checked individually.
Promotes the regeneration of skin cells, increases its elasticity, restores the structure of the epidermis. Effective in the fight against cellulite. Restores the barrier functions of the epidermis, protecting the skin from the harmful effects of the environment. Provides high-quality hair care, nourishing the hair follicles and strengthening the roots.
grape seed
For any skin, especially oily and combination with inflammation. Suitable for children's skin.
Light oil texture.
Can clog pores, needs to be checked individually.
Odorless, easily absorbed by the skin. Moisturizes, vitamins, regenerates the skin. It is a powerful antioxidant, improves skin elasticity, helps to eliminate wrinkles. Ideal for neck and eye area care. Regulates the function of the sebaceous and sweat glands, tightens pores, eliminates inflammation. Refreshes tired and aging skin, has a smoothing effect. Great product for weak hair.
Vitamin E
For dry, aging skin.
Heavy oil texture.
Can clog pores, needs to be checked individually.
Helps heal wounds and cracks. Eliminates skin flaking, restores a healthy look and radiance to the skin. Slows down the aging process, restores skin elasticity, prevents the appearance of wrinkles. Preferably mixed with other oils.
pomegranate seeds
For mature, aging, dry and flaky skin.
Light oil texture.
Can clog pores, needs to be checked individually.
Moisturizes, nourishes and restores irritated skin, improves its color. Soothes the skin after sunbathing. Helps the skin to produce collagen, increases elasticity and firmness of the skin, prevents the appearance of wrinkles.
walnuts
For all skin types, especially sensitive and irritated.
Heavy oil texture.
Clogs pores
.
Absorbs very quickly and leaves skin silky smooth. Perfectly fights the main signs of skin aging, softens and nourishes, improves elasticity, relieves inflammation. Improves tan. It has a high wound healing rate.
Jojoba
For all skin types, especially dry and problematic. Great for baby skin.
Fine oil texture, but blends better with lighter oils.
Clogs pores.
It's not oil, it's liquid wax. However, it is very popular. Penetrating deep into the skin, this oil gives it a pleasant silkiness, nourishes and rejuvenates without leaving a greasy sheen. Normalizes the function of the sebaceous glands. It is used to normalize chapped lips after sunbathing. Jojoba oil has a strong anti-inflammatory and moisturizing effect, due to the fact that it actively retains moisture. Another advantage of this oil is its neutral odor and long shelf life, it stays fresh for a longer time than other oils. Moisturizes hair, fights dandruff and stimulates hair growth. It is used for the care of nails and skin of the hands. Despite its fine texture, it is best to mix it with a lighter oil.
St. John's wort
For impure, problematic, combination, dehydrated and sensitive skin.
Light oil texture.
Doesn't clog pores.
Powerful antioxidant, restores the hydrolipidic layer. Accelerates the healing process of wounds, burns, scars and any inflammation on the skin. Perfectly nourishes, regenerates and moisturizes the skin. Strengthens and enhances hair growth. Do not use neat or as a base.
Cocoa
For any skin, especially dry and fading. Ideal for baby skin.
Heavy oil texture.
Clogs pores.
Moisturizes, softens and rejuvenates the skin, smoothes wrinkles, crow's feet disappear. Makes the skin more tender, supple and smooth, maintains turgor and restores its hydrolipidic balance. It helps to eliminate stretch marks and minor skin defects (small scars, the effects of acne).
calendula
For all skin types, especially dry, sensitive and baby skin.
Heavy oil texture.
Doesn't clog pores.
Softens, moisturizes rough, cracked skin, prevents the formation of scars, scars. It has bactericidal, anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties, relieves inflammation, restores the skin. Protects skin from UV rays. Used for oily hair. Regulates the secretion of sebum, absorbs its excess and tightens pores. When applied to the face as a cream, it is recommended to mix with other bases.
castor
For any skin, especially dry, flaky. Suitable for children's skin.
Heavy oil texture.
Doesn't clog pores.
Easy to apply, softens the skin, makes it even and smooth. Nourishes and whitens the skin, removes age spots. Suitable for skin care around the eyes, fights wrinkles. Improves the condition of hair, eyebrows and eyelashes. The oil removes cystic growths, warts, scars, and other growths on the skin. Great remedy for chapped skin. Gets rid of dandruff. For cosmetic procedures, castor oil is diluted with other bases.
Pine nut
For dry, aging skin.
Heavy oil texture.
Can clog pores, needs to be checked individually.
A unique source of natural vitamins and microelements; It is used for all skin diseases, as well as for strengthening hair and nails. Restores the protective properties of the skin. Natural UV filter.
coconut
For all skin types, especially dry, irritated and sensitive.
Heavy oil texture.
Clogs pores.
Easily and quickly absorbed by the skin and nourishes it. Protects, softens, smoothes, moisturizes, nourishes the skin, restores after sunbathing. Excellent softener. Due to its complete digestibility by cells, the skin becomes soft, tender, tight, small wrinkles disappear. The oil is non-greasy and does not clog pores.
Hemp
For all skin types, especially oily and combination.
Light oil texture.
Doesn't clog pores.
Strengthens the regenerating functions of the skin, strengthens the walls of capillaries, binds free radicals. It returns softness and elasticity to the skin, effectively combats dehydration, thanks to its ability to retain moisture in the skin. It has a high penetrating power, absorbs quickly and without oily sheen, perfectly restores the texture of the skin. It has a good cosmetic effect on the condition of the hair: it nourishes the capillary fiber, improves the structure of the hair, gives it extra shine, flexibility, volume and facilitates styling.
Bean coffee (roasted)
For all skin types, especially dry, problematic.
Light oil texture.
Can clog pores, needs to be checked individually.
It has a powerful anti-aging effect on the skin, smoothes, softens and soothes. It has a tonic effect and gives the skin elasticity. It absorbs well without leaving a greasy sheen. Acts as an ultraviolet filter, protecting against harmful sun exposure. Fights cellulite and skin problems, reduces and heals acne. Does not cause allergies.
Coffee and beans (green)
For any skin type.
Light oil texture.
Doesn't clog pores.
It has an intense and long-lasting moisturizing effect. Improves the functioning of the sebaceous glands, tightens pores, mattifies the skin and restores its healthy color. Also effective for irritations, wounds, acne, eczema, acne. Prevents the appearance of wrinkles, increases the protective functions of the skin and skin elasticity. Suitable for delicate skin around the eyes. Stimulates fat burning and eliminates the orange peel effect. Eliminates scars and stretch marks by preventing tissue weakening. Eliminates dryness and brittle hair, restores their healthy shine, nourishes and moisturizes. When rubbed into the cuticle, it stimulates nail growth, strengthens and heals.
corn
For irritated, aging skin.
Heavy oil texture.
Clogs pores.
Due to the high content of vitamin A, it is indispensable for skin regeneration, eliminates peeling, has a rejuvenating effect, and increases skin elasticity. Corn oil has a long shelf life.
Cumin (cumin) black
For any skin, especially problematic and oily.
Light oil texture.
Doesn't clog pores.
It has an antiseptic, antibacterial, resolving, anti-inflammatory effect. Deeply cleanses pores. It helps to stop and eliminate any inflammatory processes of the skin, and helps to accelerate the regeneration of its damaged cells, improves skin elasticity and firmness. It improves the condition of hair and scalp, prevents the development of seborrhea and the appearance of dandruff associated with this disease, prevents hair loss, brittleness and graying of hair.
Sesame
For all skin types, especially oily, dry, aging skin.
Heavy oil texture.
Clogs pores.
Good source of vitamin E. Useful for unhealthy skin and rheumatism. The advantage of sesame oil is that it does not transmit ultraviolet rays, moisturizes and soothes the skin. Effective for the delicate skin around the eyes. Softens, nourishes, reduces peeling and irritation, restores the protective functions of the epidermis. Normalizes greasiness, reduces and smoothes pores, removes inflammation and spots. Suitable for all hair types. Due to the heavy texture, it is best to mix with other light oils.
Cupuaçu
For all skin types, especially dry.
Heavy oil texture.
Clogs pores.
Cares for sensitive, irritated skin, moisturizing and regenerating all layers of the epidermis. Suitable for baby skin care. Cupuaçu is an excellent emollient that gives smoothness and softness to the skin, restoring moisture and natural elasticity to damaged and dry skin. Slowly penetrates the skin, providing a long biologically active effect. Restores colored hair, provides a better connection of hair scales and restores lipid balance
laurel
For dry, oily and problematic skin.
Light oil texture.
Doesn't clog pores.
It has an antiseptic effect, has a stimulating and tonic effect on the skin, restores the hydrolipidic layer of the skin, helps to restore dry and damaged skin. Strengthens hair, prevents dandruff. Eliminates cellulite, anti-acne, stimulates blood circulation.
Flax from seeds
For any skin type.
Heavy oil texture.
Clogs pores.
Soften the skin no worse than a cream, strengthens the skin and relieves irritation. Rejuvenates and restores skin elasticity and firmness. Contains UV filters. Used to treat eyelash loss.
hazelnut (hazelnut)
For fading, sensitive, oily, acne-combined skin.
Light oil texture.
Can clog pores, needs to be checked individually.
Easily absorbed, softens and regenerates the skin. Suitable for lips and delicate skin around the eyes. Helps cleanse the skin, eliminate acne, tightens pores, restores the water-lipid barrier, nourishes, softens the skin, soothes it after sunburn, has a smoothing effect. Heals boils and abscesses. Evens out and tightens the skin.
poppy seeds
For all skin types, especially dry, flabby.
Light oil texture.
Can clog pores, needs to be checked individually.
Moisturizes, softens and regenerates the skin, smoothes fine wrinkles. Restores the softness and elasticity of the skin, gives it a special tenderness and silkiness. Having a stimulating effect, effectively restores skin tone, revitalizes tired and flabby skin, improves its elasticity. Nourishes the scalp and adds shine to the hair.
Macadamia
For dry, flaky, aging skin.
Light oil texture.
Can clog pores, needs to be checked individually.
Easily absorbed. It is a powerful antioxidant. Eliminates irritation and peeling of the skin. Moisturizes and softens the skin, restores elasticity, making it beautiful and healthy. Helps to restore the skin after thermal burns. Restores the natural shine of the hair, can be used to care for dry and damaged hair.
Mango
Any type of skin, especially mature, dry.
Light oil texture.
Doesn't clog pores.
It has a strong moisturizing effect, fights pigment spots, smoothes and softens the skin. Rejuvenates the skin, eliminates wrinkles. Ideally moisturizes hair and cuticles. Can be used as a UV protectant.
Almond
For any skin, especially sensitive, children's, problematic, dry.
Light oil texture.
Can clog pores, needs to be checked individually.
Easily absorbed. An excellent oil for the skin, it can be successfully used for skin care of children, including infants. It has a calming, smoothing and nourishing effect, reduces irritation, and normalizes the functioning of the sebaceous glands. Accelerates hair growth. However, it has a short shelf life. In its pure form, it can clog pores, it is better to mix with other oils.
olive
For all skin, especially dry, flaky and irritated. Suitable for children's skin.
Light oil texture, best mixed with other oils.
Can clog pores, needs to be checked individually.
It has good medicinal properties. The only drawback of olive oil is a peculiar smell that takes some getting used to. Good source of minerals and vitamins.
Pecan
For mature and dry skin.
Heavy oil texture.
Clogs pores.
Actively renews cells, refreshes and rejuvenates the skin, restores elasticity. It is a natural antioxidant. Forms a protective layer on the skin, providing protection from the harmful effects of the environment. Great for protective creams.
Palm
For normal, dry, aging skin.
Heavy oil texture.
Clogs pores.
Intensively moisturizes the skin, eliminates dryness and flaking. It has anti-aging properties and helps to smooth out superficial wrinkles. It is an excellent natural tonic for the skin, restoring its vitality. Lightens pigment spots caused by age-related changes or UV exposure. Softens rough skin on hands, feet, elbows. Strengthens hair and nails.
Pitted peach
For all skin types and children's skin.
Light oil texture.
Can clog pores, needs to be checked individually.
Suitable for massage and daily care of the skin of the face and body, has a softening effect, makes the skin velvety. Saturates the skin with vitamins E, A, B15, increases skin turgor and elasticity. Moisturizes, nourishes, cleanses, regenerates the skin, relieves irritation. Helps to overcome dehydration of the skin, increases elasticity and rejuvenates the skin, smoothing wrinkles. Used for cleansing and intensive care of dry and aging skin of the face and neck. Suitable for skin care around the eyes and eyelashes. A warm peach oil mask protects the skin from wrinkles and helps restore elasticity.
Sunflower
For any skin, especially oily and impure. Suitable for children's skin.
Light oil texture.
Doesn't clog pores.
This oil is rich in vitamin B. It improves blood circulation, enhances cell regeneration, and eliminates flaking. Gives elasticity, smoothes mimic wrinkles. Clears pores and heals minor wounds. Protects from UV rays.
Evening primrose (primrose)
For dry, aging skin.
Light oil texture.
Can clog pores, needs to be checked individually.
It contains a lot of gamma-linolenic acid, the lack of which in the body causes dryness and other pathological changes in the skin. It has a pronounced rejuvenating effect. An excellent product for the care of the skin around the eyes. Effective in the treatment of fresh scars and stretch marks. Rejuvenates and smoothes fine wrinkles, improves skin elasticity, relieves age and age spots, relieves inflammation.
wheat germ
For dry, aging, wrinkled skin. Suitable for children's skin.
Heavy oil texture.
Clogs pores.
A unique natural source of vitamin E - the vitamin of youth, as well as vitamins B, Bb, PP, A. It has a smoothing effect, rejuvenates, improves complexion, removes toxins, eliminates dryness, and restores skin relief. Promotes healing of the skin after burns and inflammations, reduces birth stretch marks and scars, strengthens the walls of capillaries. Has natural sunscreen properties. Gives hair strength and volume.
Rape seed
For dry and mature skin.
Heavy oil texture.
Clogs pores.
Rejuvenates and activates skin respiration, normalizes the secretion of skin glands. Increases the elasticity of the skin, smoothing its relief. Soothes sensitive skin while combating inflammation and redness. Promotes the healing of small wounds on the surface of the skin and cracks on the lips, stimulating cell regeneration, accelerates the resorption of scars on the skin. Moisturizes the delicate skin of the lips. Used to care for eyelashes and eyebrows.
Burdock
For any skin type.
Light oil texture.
Doesn't clog pores.
Softens and soothes the scalp, strengthens hair follicles, nourishes the roots and hair structure, accelerates their growth. Purifies and tightens pores.
Rice bran
For dry, aging skin.
Light oil texture.
Doesn't clog pores.
Regenerates, improves elasticity, suitable for the skin around the eyes, prevents the appearance of wrinkles. It has anti-inflammatory, moisturizing, regenerating, softening effect. Improves the condition of the hair. Suitable for children's skin. Can be used as a sunscreen. Easily absorbed and does not clog pores.
Chamomile
For any type of skin, especially impure, problematic.
Light oil texture.
Doesn't clog pores.
Softens, nourishes and moisturizes dry, sensitive, depleted skin. It cleanses oily skin, normalizes metabolic processes and the functioning of the sebaceous glands. Natural antiseptic, promotes rapid healing of inflammation, acne. Moisturizes the skin, relieves irritation, is a natural remedy for the prevention of wrinkles on the face, neck, around the eyes. Cares for sensitive skin, soothes, relieves itching and inflammation. Evens out the skin, brightening age spots. Suitable for the care of delicate, easily vulnerable children's skin. Strengthens hair and nails.
safflower
For all skin types. Suitable for children's skin.
Light oil texture.
Doesn't clog pores.
Good penetrating power. Good source of minerals and vitamins. It has antioxidant, high moisture-regulating and moisture-retaining properties. Fights rosacea.
Black currant
For dry, mature, aging skin.
Light oil texture.
Can clog pores, needs to be checked individually.
Restores, moisturizes, smoothes the skin, renews collagen synthesis. Eliminates peeling, irritation and irritation. Reduces external manifestations of acne, dermatitis and dermatoses. Cares for hair, restoring shine and strength.
soy beans
For dry and normal skin, contraindicated for oily.
Light oil texture.
Clogs pores.
This oil is one of the most nourishing and fatty oils in nature. It has anti-aging properties, smoothes wrinkles, protects the skin from drying out. Takes care of hair.
pumpkin seed
For any skin, especially dry, mature, problematic.
Light oil texture.
Can clog pores, needs to be checked individually.
Softens, moisturizes, restores, regenerates the skin. Rejuvenates, slows down the aging process, reduces existing wrinkles. Gives the face a beautiful healthy color, velvety and elasticity. Promotes the healing of minor wounds, cuts and scrapes, demonstrating its anti-inflammatory properties. Protects the skin from ultraviolet radiation, minimizing the risk of sunburn. Promotes restoration and accelerates the growth of nails and hair. Helps to get rid of acne, seborrhea and dandruff.
pistachio
For aging skin.
Light oil texture.
Doesn't clog pores.
Natural antioxidant, rejuvenates, slows down the aging process, reduces existing wrinkles. Tones, eliminates dryness and irritation. Lightens age spots and freckles, evens out skin tone. Protects from frost and weathering. It is a natural UV filter. Strengthens hair and nails.
Cottonseed
For dry, mature skin.
Heavy oil texture.
Clogs pores.
Moisturizes, restores, regenerates the skin, improves its structure, enhances protective functions.
celandine
For all skin types, especially problematic.
Light oil texture.
Doesn't clog pores.
Soothes irritated skin, has a cleansing, whitening effect. Promotes the removal of warts, calluses, papillomas. Helps to cope with acne, pimples, stops inflammatory processes. Provides deep nutrition to the skin, increasing its smoothness and elasticity. Fights early wrinkles and cares for aging skin. Prevents hair breakage and improves their overall condition.
Shea (shea)
For all skin types and children's skin.
Light oil texture.
Doesn't clog pores.
It is a natural UV filter, actively protects, nourishes, softens, smoothes and moisturizes the skin. Fights fine wrinkles and other age-related changes. Restores the structure, improving the complexion, giving the skin a noticeable firmness and elasticity. Helps to eliminate acne and dermatitis.
wild rose
For dry, sensitive, irritated and problematic skin.
Light oil texture.
Doesn't clog pores.
Nourishes, softens, moisturizes cracked, irritated and flaky skin. Prevents the formation of scars, scars. Enhances tissue regeneration, promotes the resorption of stretch marks (stretch marks). Prevents premature aging of the skin, improves elasticity. Strengthens weakened hair and nails.
Literature: 1. Allison England. Aromatherapy for Mother and Child. 2. Anastasia Artyomova. "Aromas and oils healing and rejuvenating." 3. Vladislav S. Brud, Ivona Konopatskaya. "Fragrant Pharmacy. Secrets of Aromatherapy". 4. Denis Vicello Brown "Aromatherapy". 5. Lavrenova Galina. "Inhaling the marvelous aroma. Aromatherapy is a pleasant and easy way to heal." 6. Leonova N.S. "Aromatherapy for beginners". 7. Libus O.K., Ivanova E.P. "Healing Oils" 8. Tatyana Litvinova. "Aromatherapy: A professional guide to the world of scents". 9. Novoselova Tatiana. "Aromatherapy". 10. Dmitrievskaya L. "Deceiving age. Practices of rejuvenation". 11. Kedrova Maria. "Fragrances of beauty and health. Secrets of Cleopatra". 12. Nikolaevsky V.V. "Aromatherapy. Handbook". 13. Semenova Anastasia. "Oil Treatment" 14. Edited by Zakharenkov V.I. "Encyclopedia of aromas". 15. Carol McGilvery and Jimmy Reed. "Fundamentals of Aromatherapy". 16. Wolfgang Stix, Ulla Weigerstorfer. "In the Kingdom of Smells". 17. Mirgorodskaya S.A., "Aromology: Quantum Satis". 18. Internet.
Regular facial care largely involves the use of natural plant ingredients. These products include base oils, which are also called carrier oils.
These products can be used in cosmetic procedures, both individually and as an oil base for essential oils, as they contain low molecular weight unsaturated fatty acids that help essential oil extracts penetrate into the cells of the epidermal layer.
Base oils, depending on the consistency, are divided into liquid and solid. Solids include shea butter, cocoa, coconut, mango, macadamia.
Oil carriers should be natural, certified and cold pressed if possible. This ensures that all of their restorative properties are not affected by heat treatment or chemical additions.
Fragrance, quality and viscosity influence the choice of product, for example, a lighter consistency is suitable for the face, while a heavy consistency is suitable for the body.
Base oils contain a large amount of vitamins E, A and F, which nourish and soften the skin. They are non-volatile because their large molecules are not released as easily as in essential extracts.
Most essential oils perform best at very low doses - on the order of 1-3% of the total concentration with a carrier. Working as a chemical link, they enhance cell regeneration and improve metabolic processes in tissues.
Carriers typically provide nutrients in the form of vitamins and essential fats that complement the effects of essential extracts.
The following is a list of base oils that are most commonly used precisely because of their effectiveness and versatility.
Some popular types
apricot
It has a non-greasy texture and absorbs fairly quickly. It has similar chemical and cosmetic properties to peach oil and gives almost the same effect.
Apricot oil product contains high amounts of oleic and linoleic acids and is widely known for its excellent moisturizing and toning properties. Suitable for all skin types, slows down the aging process and is used to treat inflammatory processes.
Almond
It is one of the most versatile, because it has a rejuvenating effect, easily penetrates into the upper layer of the skin and contains vitamins A, B12 B2 B6 and E, with a high proportion of mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Due to the presence of a small amount of vitamin E, this product keeps relatively well and does not go rancid for a long time.
wild rose
It has an anti-aging effect due to the content of trans-retinoic acid (vitamin A) and vitamin C. It is quickly absorbed into the skin and penetrates into the dermis.
olive
Contains a high concentration of unsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants to neutralize free radicals that lead to skin aging. Rich in valuable vitamins and nutrients and works as an effective moisturizer.
Sesame
It is rich in vitamins and minerals and has a high content of vitamin E (tocopherol), which makes it very stable. Thanks to essential fatty acids, it helps to strengthen and moisturize the skin, increasing cell regeneration.
Avocado
It has a characteristic fruity-nutty aroma. It contains a large amount of omega-3 unsaturated acids, vitamins (A, B, D) and lecithin.
And although the product has a rather thick consistency, it has the ability to penetrate into the upper layers of the epidermis, softening it and improving regenerative processes. It is often used in products intended for sensitive skin, as it quickly eliminates dryness, flaking, small wrinkles and has healing properties.
castor
It has a powerful anti-inflammatory quality, promotes healing and cleansing of the skin. In combination with essential extracts, it restores the water balance of the epidermal layer.
coconut
It is a natural protection against harmful solar ultraviolet radiation, improves the texture of the epidermis and smoothness. When applied, it does not clog pores and is easily absorbed, has anti-inflammatory properties.
Linseed oil
Rich in fiber and vitamins along with omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, helps maintain skin health and beauty.
grape seed
It contains a large percentage of linoleic acid and fatty acids essential for cell membranes. Contains antioxidants, including tocopherol. Easily penetrates the epidermis and gently softens it, making it silky and smooth without feeling greasy. It has a slightly astringent effect, tightens, nourishes, moisturizes and tones the skin.
Jojoba
It is high in protein, minerals and vitamin E and has properties similar to sebum, so it is very effective for caring for problematic skin types.
Macadamia
A thick base oil with a high concentration of palmitoleic acid, which is also present in the human sebaceous glands. This tool quickly penetrates the epidermis and has a rejuvenating effect, helping to replenish mature skin with essential nutrients, regulates water balance.
Sunflower
Very nutritious with lots of vitamins A, D and E. Easily absorbed and helps cell regeneration, good for dry and mature skin.
wheat germ
It has a high content of tocopherol, is useful for dry and prematurely aged skin, helps with eczema and psoriasis.
Seed Pomegranate
It is a very powerful antioxidant and promotes cellular regeneration, very nutritious, deeply moisturizes and improves the elasticity of the epidermal layer.
How to mix base oils with essential oils?
You should always start with a small amount of essential oils to see how your skin reacts to them.
EXAMPLE 2% MIXTURE
Essential:
5 drops sandalwood, 3 lavender, 2 drops orange
The basis:
20 ml apricot
