Hemoglobin 110 in the first trimester. What should be the norm of hemoglobin during pregnancy? Elevated hemoglobin - the other side of the coin

Among the numerous examinations, every pregnant woman must donate blood to determine the level of hemoglobin. This indicator is very important during the period of bearing a child and allows you to judge the condition of the expectant mother and fetus. How does hemoglobin change during pregnancy?

The norm of hemoglobin in pregnant women

Hemoglobin is a special protein found in every person's red blood cells. Hemoglobin has the ability to bind with oxygen and carry it from the lungs to all organs and tissues. It is thanks to hemoglobin that human blood acquires its characteristic red color.

Iron is needed for the synthesis of hemoglobin. This element must be supplied with food as part of various food products. It is allowed to take iron in the form of vitamin complexes. With a lack of iron in the blood, hemoglobin synthesis is disrupted, and all the main manifestations of anemia develop.

Normally, in women over 18 years of age, the hemoglobin level remains in the range of 120-150 g / l. During pregnancy, this figure decreases slightly. The thing is that in the body of expectant mothers there is a physiological increase in the amount of circulating blood. As a result, the volume of fluid increases, and hemoglobin does not have time to be synthesized at the same rate. This phenomenon occurs in all pregnant women mainly after 20 weeks.

The norm of hemoglobin during pregnancy is 110-140 g / l. This parameter does not change much from conception to the very birth with a successful pregnancy. A decrease or increase in hemoglobin at any time indicates the development of any pathology. What can cause a change in hemoglobin levels?

Low hemoglobin during pregnancy

Anemia of pregnancy is a condition in which the hemoglobin level drops below 110 g/l. The disease most often develops in the II and III trimesters and is due to the restructuring of the body in connection with the bearing of the child. Low hemoglobin occurs in 20-80% of all expectant mothers (figures differ in different countries of the world).

Causes of anemia

The immediate cause of low hemoglobin in expectant mothers is an increase in the amount of blood circulating in the body. At the same time, red blood cells do not have time to be produced in the right amount, and the supply of hemoglobin suffers along with them. Most women develop iron deficiency anemia due to insufficient intake of iron from outside. Other forms of anemia during pregnancy are extremely rare.

Factors provoking the development of anemia in pregnant women:

unbalanced nutrition (lack of iron, proteins, vitamins);
living in an ecologically unfavorable area;
chronic diseases that disrupt the synthesis of hemoglobin (diabetes mellitus, rheumatism, kidney disease);
multiple pregnancy;
frequent childbirth with a small interval between them;
bleeding at any time;
heredity.

Of great importance in the development of anemia is the initial lack of iron in the blood. Even in developed countries, only 20% of women have a sufficient supply of this substance that can ensure a successful pregnancy. In other women, when carrying a child, there is a pronounced lack of iron, leading to the development of the main symptoms of anemia.

Lack of vitamin B12, folic acid, and protein also leads to low hemoglobin levels. In this situation, the absorption of iron and the synthesis of hemoglobin are disrupted, which provokes the occurrence of anemia. Ordinary starvation and thoughtless dieting also leads to a lack of hemoglobin and oxygen starvation of tissues during pregnancy.

Most women experience anemia after 20 weeks of pregnancy. During this period, the load on the hematopoietic system of the expectant mother increases and there is a lack of iron. With severe toxicosis with frequent vomiting, anemia can develop even in the early stages. Only a small number of women manage to bear a child without changes in the level of hemoglobin in the blood.

Symptoms of anemia

Typical signs of low hemoglobin:

severe general weakness;
dizziness;
loss of appetite;
pale skin;
perversion of taste;
addiction to unusual types of food;
fragility of nails;
deterioration in the condition of the hair;
seizures in the corners of the mouth;
cardiopalmus;
dyspnea.

In some expectant mothers, against the background of anemia, the symptoms of existing gastritis are exacerbated. There is pain in the abdomen, heaviness after eating, belching, heartburn. In rare cases, the sphincters of the urethra and bladder are disrupted, which leads to involuntary urination.

Complications of pregnancy

The most unfavorable is anemia that existed before pregnancy. In this case, the woman's condition worsens during the period of expectation of the child, and the risk of complications increases. Anemia that occurs for the first time during pregnancy is milder and less likely to lead to irreversible consequences for the woman and the fetus.

Complications of the I and II trimester:

low placentation;
chorion hypoplasia;
spontaneous miscarriage.

Complications of the III trimester:

premature birth;
delayed fetal development;
placental insufficiency;
fetal hypoxia;
preeclampsia;
premature detachment of a normally located placenta.

Complications after childbirth:

bleeding;
hypogalactia (insufficient milk production).

All these complications arise due to a lack of hemoglobin and insufficient oxygen supply to the tissues. For a newborn, anemia in the mother also does not pass without a trace. Low hemoglobin levels during pregnancy significantly increase the risk of having a baby with signs of developmental delay and damage to the nervous system. Severe anemia can cause slow weight gain after birth. These children also have a decrease in the body's resistance to infections and frequent colds.

Diagnostics

To detect anemia, it is enough to pass a routine blood test. The development of the disease is indicated by a decrease in the level of hemoglobin and red blood cells below normal. In this case, there are three degrees of severity of the disease:

mild degree (hemoglobin 90-110 g/l);
medium degree (hemoglobin 70-90 g/l);
severe degree (hemoglobin less than 70 g/l).

For the diagnosis of the disease, the determination of the concentration of iron in the blood serum is also important. Normally, in expectant mothers, this indicator is in the range of 12-25 µmol / l. In anemia, serum iron will fall below 12 µmol/L.

All blood tests are taken before starting specific therapy. Hemoglobin and other parameters against the background of taking drugs will be false. You can take a blood test for control only 7 days after the cancellation of all medications. It is also mandatory to monitor the effectiveness of therapy one month after the start of taking medications.

A blood test to determine the amount of hemoglobin and red blood cells is performed once a trimester. If necessary, the doctor may prescribe an examination more often. Be sure to take a blood test at the first appearance of a pregnant woman to the doctor, before childbirth and in the postpartum period.

Anemia treatment

In the treatment of anemia in pregnant women, great importance is attached to proper nutrition. Iron-rich foods must be present in the diet of the expectant mother. Most iron is found in red meat, liver, egg yolk, spinach, apples, apricots and cocoa. You should know that vegetable iron is absorbed much worse than that contained in animal products. For the same reason, doctors do not recommend following a strict vegetarian diet during the period of bearing a child.

Drug treatment consists of taking iron supplements. The course of therapy is long and lasts at least 1 month. During treatment, regular monitoring of hemoglobin levels and other blood parameters is mandatory. In the absence of the effect of therapy, the dosage of the drug changes or the entire treatment regimen is completely revised.

There are many preparations based on iron. All these funds are approved for use in expectant mothers from early pregnancy and do not pose a danger to the fetus. Some iron preparations need to be taken 2-3 times a day, others are enough to drink only 1 time per day. The composition of many medicines additionally includes other vitamins (folic acid, vitamin C), which improve the absorption of iron in the digestive tract.

Many women take prenatal multivitamins for a long time. The composition of some complex vitamins already includes iron in the required dosage. If the available dose of iron is not enough to stop anemia, the doctor may prescribe additional iron supplements.

All drugs for the treatment of anemia are prescribed in tablets. Parenteral administration of drugs is justified for individual iron intolerance, as well as for gastric ulcer during an exacerbation. Intravenous preparations are also used in severe cases of the disease to quickly replenish iron stores.

Treatment of severe forms of anemia is carried out in a hospital. When the hemoglobin level is below 70 g/l, red blood cell transfusion is indicated. Such therapy avoids the development of serious complications and increases the chances of a successful pregnancy outcome.

High hemoglobin during pregnancy

Causes and symptoms

An increase in hemoglobin levels during pregnancy is rare. This condition is noted with thickening of the blood and may indicate the development of serious complications. In particular, an increase in hemoglobin and hematocrit during preeclampsia should alert the doctor. Such a symptom signals a high risk of bleeding against the background of preeclampsia and requires special attention to a pregnant woman.

There are no specific signs of an increase in hemoglobin levels. The woman feels weakness, lethargy, apathy, dizziness and palpitations. Such symptoms are similar to anemia, and without an examination, it is quite difficult to distinguish one condition from another. To determine the level of hemoglobin, a routine blood test is required. With an increase in hemoglobin, it is necessary to additionally undergo a hemostasiogram (analysis of blood coagulation).

Possible consequences

Why is blood clotting dangerous during pregnancy? First of all, the fact that in such a situation blood circulation in the placenta suffers. Thick and viscous blood slowly circulates through the body, and the baby does not receive the nutrients and oxygen it needs. Fetal hypoxia develops, affecting the work of all internal organs and the nervous system. With a long course of the disease, a noticeable lag in the development of the fetus is possible.

Thick blood is also a risk of bleeding during pregnancy and the postpartum period. At any time, placental abruption or other trouble associated with impaired blood flow can occur. In this case, the lives of the mother and child will be in danger. An emergency caesarean section at any stage of pregnancy may be required to save the woman and her baby.

Another problem of elevated hemoglobin is the high risk of thrombosis. When the blood thickens, blood clots form on the walls of the veins. These blood clots can block the lumen of the vessel and disrupt blood circulation in all nearby organs. Of particular danger is pulmonary embolism, which can cause the sudden death of a pregnant woman.

Treatment Methods

With high hemoglobin associated with thickening of the blood, a mandatory correction of this condition is carried out. For this purpose, drugs are prescribed that reduce blood clotting and restore normal blood flow in the internal organs and placenta. The course of therapy is at least 10 days. At the same time, concomitant diseases and all detected complications are treated. With timely therapy, the chances of a successful pregnancy outcome remain very high.

During pregnancy, many factors affect its course. Therefore, at the very beginning, and then several more times in the process of carrying it, women take a general blood test, in which one of the main indicators is the level of hemoglobin.

Hemoglobin is an integral part of red blood cells, it is responsible for the circulation of oxygen in the blood from the respiratory organs to the tissues. In addition, with the help of hemoglobin, carbon dioxide is also transported from tissues to the respiratory organs.

The concentration of hemoglobin in human blood plays an important diagnostic role: according to this indicator, the doctor can judge the well-being of the state of the body of his patient. And during pregnancy, the level of hemoglobin becomes even more important.

The norm of hemoglobin during pregnancy:

In a healthy person, the hemoglobin level should be 120-140 g / l. However, during pregnancy, it can naturally decrease: the blood thins, its volumes increase significantly, and so on, which leads to a decrease in the concentration of hemoglobin in it. In a word, its level in the blood can fluctuate, which is quite normal for pregnant women. Experts provide the following figures for the quantitative norm of hemoglobin for pregnant women:

in the first trimester - 112-160 g / l;
in the second trimester - 108-144 g / l;
in the third trimester - 100-140 g / l.

Gynecologists and obstetricians recommend that all newly pregnant women and women planning to conceive take care of preventing a decrease in the level of hemoglobin in the blood during the period of bearing a child, because at this time women often develop anemia.

It happens much less often when the level of hemoglobin in the blood of the expectant mother exceeds the permissible threshold.

- high hemoglobin

It is not at all necessary that an elevated hemoglobin level is an alarming sign. Sometimes in pregnant women this happens in the first trimester and then goes away on its own, when the fetus begins to actively take from the mother's body the resources necessary for its growth and development. Also, you should not worry if the increase in this indicator is insignificant and is observed once. It will be useful to know that high physical activity and intense intake of rarefied air (as, for example, among residents of high mountain regions) contribute to a natural increase in the level of hemoglobin in the blood. But sometimes this trend is associated with trouble on the part of the mother's body.

An increase in hemoglobin may indicate a lack of certain substances in the body of a pregnant woman, in particular vitamins B9 (folic acid) and B12. The latter may simply not be absorbed due to disruption of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract.

High hemoglobin can be a symptom of diseases of the kidneys, heart, intestines or stomach. Although, it is possible that this is a hereditary feature of the woman's body.

This condition is a risk factor for the formation of blood clots, which is highly undesirable during pregnancy. Also, due to thickening of the blood at a high level of hemoglobin, it is not able to circulate normally in the vessels, due to which oxygen and nutrients may not reach the fetus in the right amount. And therefore, the doctor, most likely, will advise the pregnant woman to walk more in the fresh air, adjust her diet and drinking regimen.

An elevated hemoglobin level is said to be when it exceeds 150-160 g / l. However, more often the concentration of hemoglobin during pregnancy decreases.

- low hemoglobin

Very often, hemoglobin in pregnant women decreases somewhat by the end of the second, by the beginning of the third trimester - this is normal. But if you notice that the level begins to decline before the 24th week of pregnancy, then this indicates anemia. There are many reasons for this phenomenon: lack of iron, zinc, copper, as well as dysbacteriosis and nervous stress.

Doctors say about the development of anemia in a pregnant woman if the level of hemoglobin in her blood falls below 110 g / l. Most often, iron deficiency anemia develops in pregnant women, provoked by insufficient intake or insufficient own supply of iron. Approximately half of all pregnant women have low hemoglobin levels in the blood.

Depending on its concentration, several degrees of iron deficiency anemia are distinguished:

110-90 g / l - mild degree of anemia;
90-80 g / l - anemia of moderate severity;
70 g / l and below - a severe form of anemia.

A low level of hemoglobin leads to lethargy, a constant feeling of fatigue and a decrease in emotional tone. Further, it is even worse - shortness of breath, muscle hypotension, loss of appetite, indigestion appear. In addition, stomatitis, brittle hair and nails, dry skin, frequent respiratory diseases are possible. All these signs and phenomena indicate a lack of iron in the body. It is very important for a pregnant woman to replenish this deficit, the sooner. After all, subsequently, not only she suffers, but also her unborn child. A reduced level of hemoglobin can provoke the development of early toxicosis and late gestosis, premature onset of labor, and also often causes a lack of oxygen for the baby, which causes intrauterine hypoxia, and after birth, the baby may experience difficulties in the respiratory system and have insufficient body weight.

Products that increase hemoglobin during pregnancy

To correct the level of hemoglobin in the blood, consult a doctor: let him prescribe iron-containing preparations to correct the level of hemoglobin. But it is best to make up for the deficiency with the help, especially since there are a lot of products that increase hemoglobin levels:

Among the meat products: heart, kidneys, fish, poultry, tongue, white chicken meat;
Among cereals and cereals: buckwheat, beans, lentils, peas, rye;
Among vegetables and herbs: fresh tomatoes, potatoes, onions, pumpkin, beets, watercress, dandelion leaves, spinach, parsley;
Among fruits: red or green apples, plums, persimmons, bananas, pears, peaches, apricots, quince
Among the berries: blackcurrant and cranberries, strawberries, blueberries;
Juices include:(no more than two sips daily), beetroot, apple juice with a high iron content.
Besides perfectly raise the level of hemoglobin, black and caviar, various seafood, dark chocolate, dried mushrooms, dried fruits and hematogen.

To achieve the result, do not forget about, constantly do breathing exercises and gymnastics.

Finally, I would like to add a few rules for the proper assimilation of food so that it brings maximum benefit to the body.

First, remember that iron is best absorbed when consumed with foods that are rich in vitamin C, such as fruit and vegetable juices. To do this, it is better to pour the porridge that you eat for breakfast with orange juice or, for example, pour cutlets that you eat for lunch.

Secondly, do not drink black tea, it interferes with the proper absorption of iron. It is better to replace this tea with green tea.

Thirdly, during pregnancy, do not eat the liver, because it contains a lot of vitamins A and D. An overdose of these vitamins is possible.

Also, limit your intake of pomegranate juice as it can cause constipation.

In any case, it is better not to overdo it, because an excess of iron is as undesirable as its deficiency.

Especially for- Maryana Surma

Glycated hemoglobin during pregnancy is a type of protein responsible for transporting blood through the vessels. The decrease leads to the development of anemia (anemia) in the 2nd trimester. The determination of the level of the substance is carried out through a special analysis that reveals the level of red blood cells that are the carrier of the protein. Further, drugs may be prescribed to increase the level.

Very low Healthy and delicious to level up
fishy delight treated with peaches

Anemia in pregnant women is common. Ignoring leads to significant problems for the mother and fetus. It is dangerous to lower hemoglobin during pregnancy in the first trimester, when the formation of the organs of the fetus occurs. Rarely occurs in late pregnancy, so fetal hypoxia develops.

The norm of the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin during pregnancy in the second trimester is in the range of 120-160 grams per liter of blood, which is typical for absolutely healthy women. An indicator of at least 110 hemoglobin per liter of blood during pregnancy does not create complications. If the level is below the specified norms, then the situation is considered to be anemia.

When very low

There are three degrees of anemia in pregnancy.

A mild form of a decrease in hemoglobin during pregnancy in the range of 105-90 g / l.
Average: hemoglobin during pregnancy in the range of 90-70 g / l.
Severe below 70 g/l.

Approximately 50% of pregnant women have low hemoglobin levels - 92, 93, 95, etc. The problem is successfully solved. It is strongly recommended to carry out all prescribed tests and take medications in a timely manner. You can also visit forums for women with low pregnancy rates to support treatment. Hematogen during pregnancy with low hemoglobin may help some women.

Downgrade symptoms

What threatens low glycosylated hemoglobin during pregnancy in the 3rd trimester? Malaise contribute to the rapid detection of pathology and the appointment of appropriate treatment.

Signs of pathology include the following:

bluish lips, nostrils, mucous membranes, bruises under the eyes are sharply formed;
constant weakness, nausea, ringing in the ears;
dizziness, darkening in the eyes;
fainting;
tachycardia;
migraine;
palpitations, shortness of breath;
sleep disturbance;
pallor of the skin;
fragility of nails;
hair loss and brittleness;
lack of appetite;
chair problems.

Reasons for the downgrade

The main reason for the decrease in red blood cells is the rapid increase in the amount of blood. Hemoglobin does not have time to develop and the level drops sharply. Anemia most often occurs in women carrying twins or triplets.

Tomato juice will help increase hemoglobin levels

The lack of red blood cells leads to a lack of trace elements: copper, folic acid, B vitamins. Deficiency leads to poor absorption of iron. Other common reasons include:

diseases of the liver, kidneys, cardiovascular system;
toxicosis, useful substances do not have time to be absorbed;
a short break between conceptions, it takes three years to restore the level of the substance;
hormonal disbalance;
dysbacteriosis;
nervous exhaustion.

Possible Complications

A low level usually develops before 34 weeks. Before this period, treatment is not required. However, the development of severe anemia requires immediate medical intervention.

Why is low hemoglobin dangerous during pregnancy? The following pathologies are formed:

Weak tribal forces.
premature birth.
Intrauterine fetal hypoxia.
late toxicosis.
External bleeding.

What is dangerous for the child? The consequences for the child at a low level of the substance are the death of the fetus on the first day after birth.

Useful and tasty

Increased level - the other side of the coin

A high rate leads to erythrocytosis, which causes blood clots, varicose veins, the birth of a dead child, fetal death in the womb, intestinal obstruction, and pathology of the cardiovascular system. It is important to prescribe treatment in a timely manner. What to do in this case? Therapy is prescribed only by the attending physician.

A high level allows you to determine the level of sugar in the blood. The norm of hemoglobin during pregnancy is 6%. If the level is in the range of 6-6.5 - a high risk of diabetes. More than 6.5% indicates the presence of diabetes.

Treatment and prevention of the problem

Fish Delight

What increases hemoglobin during pregnancy? To avoid the disease, it is necessary to follow the rules of nutrition, take iron-containing complexes of vitamins and minerals. You should also make time for walks and physical activity. What is recommended to take? To increase hemoglobin during pregnancy, the following products are recommended:

red meat;
fatty sea fish;
cereals, whole grain bread;
starchy vegetables: potatoes, beets, carrots;
nuts and dried fruits;
mushrooms;
apples, peaches, pomegranates, persimmons.

Hemoglobin is an iron-containing protein. This is the main component of erythrocytes, the main function of which is the transport of oxygen to tissue cells.

From the very beginning of pregnancy, the total mass of blood in a woman increases in order to maintain microcirculation in the vital organs and in the placenta. Therefore, the level of hemoglobin during this period decreases.

The norm of hemoglobin in pregnant women in different trimesters

What hemoglobin should a pregnant woman have? The norm of hemoglobin in women during pregnancy:

1 trimester - 112-160 g / l;
2nd trimester - 108-144 g / l;
3rd trimester - 100-140 g / l.

The hemoglobin level becomes as low as possible at 32-34 weeks. True iron deficiency anemia manifests itself at a gestational age of more than 20 weeks. A drop in hemoglobin by the end of pregnancy is normal and does not require special treatment. Before delivery, hemoglobin levels may rise on their own.

Signs of anemia are changes in blood counts, in which:

The hemoglobin level falls below 100 g/l;
Hemocrit number less than 0.3;
The number of erythrocytes is 3.6 * 10/12 l;
The content of iron in the blood serum is less than 10.7 mmol / liter.

There are 3 types of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women:

110-90 g / l with mild iron deficiency anemia;
90-70 g / l with moderate anemia;
Less than 70 g / l with severe anemia.

You can read about the low level of hemoglobin in a newborn.

The reason for the decrease in hemoglobin levels in pregnant women

The main reasons for lowering the hemoglobin rate during pregnancy:

The manifestation of violations of the norm

With a low level of hemoglobin in pregnant women, gas exchange between the body of the fetus and mother is disturbed, as a result of which intrauterine hypoxia develops, and in severe cases, fetal death.

Symptoms of low hemoglobin during pregnancy are:

Prevention of deviations

The main prevention of lowering hemoglobin levels during pregnancy is proper nutrition. The most promising method is the enrichment of food products with iron, high-grade proteins and vitamins.

In the menu of a pregnant woman, up to 70% of proteins should be of animal origin (meat, fish, eggs, dairy products), they contribute to the absorption of iron, unlike proteins from plant foods.

Foods rich in amino acids and iron are introduced into the diet of a pregnant woman:

30% of the fats included in the diet should be of plant origin. Fats not only improve taste, but also give a feeling of satiety. However, this should not be abused, since an excess amount of fatty foods can lead to obesity, loss of appetite and lower the body's resistance to infections.

Pregnant women with anemia are deficient in B vitamins and vitamin C, so it is necessary to take them additionally.

Particular attention should be paid to the culinary processing of food products, especially fruits and vegetables, since biologically active substances are destroyed during heat treatment. In order to preserve them, vegetables or fruits must be placed in boiling water, covered with a lid and cooked only until tender, without overcooking. To do this, use enamelware.

Dishes from raw fruits and vegetables are prepared immediately before consumption. Also, dishes are not recommended to be stored for a long time, because when heated, the amount of useful substances in them decreases. You need to eat up to 6 times a day in small portions.

With a low level of hemoglobin, you should seek the advice of a doctor. In this case, he may prescribe iron-containing drugs that increase the percentage of iron. Significant results from taking such drugs are noticeable 3 weeks after the start of the course.

Also, during pregnancy, leukocytes may increase, more details -.

The waiting period for a baby is not only joyful moments and a feeling of a miracle inside, but, unfortunately, also ailments, which are sometimes impossible to avoid. Well, women are quite ready to endure any trials for the sake of the desired baby.

But, nevertheless, you need to be aware of what awaits you. At least to be able to deal with it. One of the pressing issues is the level of hemoglobin during pregnancy, which often decreases, but can also increase. There is nothing wrong with this, it is enough just to be in the subject and take appropriate measures in time.

In general, today many people know that hemoglobin is a special type of protein responsible for transporting blood through the vessels. It is also known that its decrease is called anemia or anemia. To determine that hemoglobin has fallen during pregnancy, a special analysis can show the level of red blood cells (erythrocytes), which are the carrier of the protein.

Anemia (iron deficiency) in expectant mothers is not uncommon, but it is still worth ignoring the problem, because it can cause a significant blow to the health of a woman and fetus. Especially dangerous is low hemoglobin in the first trimester, when the baby's organs are laid. It is extremely rare that the protein level falls at a later date, which is fraught with fetal hypoxia.

It is very good if the concentration of red blood cells is in the range of 120-160 grams per 1 liter of blood. This happens in perfectly healthy women. However, the norm of hemoglobin during pregnancy is considered to be at least 110 g / l. But if the volume of red blood cells dropped even lower, this is already called anemia.

There are three degrees of anemia in pregnant women:

mild degree: hemoglobin not less than 110-90 g/l;
average degree: hemoglobin within 90-70 g/l;
severe: hemoglobin below 70 g / l.

In fairness, it is worth noting that about half of all women during pregnancy have low hemoglobin, and doctors successfully solve this problem. Therefore, the expectant mother is strongly recommended to be regularly observed by a gynecologist and take all the necessary tests on time. Modern pharmaceuticals have learned to cope with almost any level of complexity of the disease, but it is still better to eliminate it in the early stages, preventing an advanced stage. Do not forget that your ailments are transmitted to the baby, and you do not want the baby to suffer.

Symptoms of anemia in a future mother

Ailments are good for one thing - they allow you to recognize the disease and cure it in time. The fact that you have low hemoglobin during pregnancy, the symptoms will tell almost immediately. You just need not to dismiss them and not write off everything on the "whims of the baby." The signs of anemia are quite clear and understandable, any woman will be able to determine them:

cyanosis of the lips, nostrils and mucous membranes - circles under the eyes can stand out sharply on the face;
nasty "sticky" weakness to nausea and "itching" in the ears;
severe dizziness, blackouts in the eyes - "flies";
fainting;
tachycardia (from 100 beats per minute);
rapid breathing, feeling of lack of air;
migraine;
sleep disorders;
pale skin;
increased hair loss and brittleness;
fragility of nails;
problems with emptying - "cool" or "sheep" feces;
lack of appetite or, conversely, the desire to eat everything, mixing incompatible products.

We repeat once again - you should not attribute everything to the "intrigues" of an interesting situation. The faster you sound the alarm, the faster you will learn how to increase hemoglobin, and during pregnancy this will be the key to the birth of a full-fledged healthy baby.

Causes of anemia in pregnant women

It is important not only to know your hemoglobin level, during pregnancy the reasons for its decrease also play a big role - they help to identify the nature of anemia, facilitate diagnosis and treatment. Basically, the drop in the level of red blood cells is due to the rapid increase in the amount of blood - because now it should be enough for two.

Hemoglobin does not have time to be produced, and its level decreases. Therefore, anemia more often overtakes women who are carrying twins or triplets. Also, a decrease in the number of red blood cells is reflected in the lack of trace elements such as copper, folic acid, vitamin B12 - their deficiency creates an unfavorable environment for the absorption of iron. Therefore, the cause of low hemoglobin during pregnancy, in the first place, is the unbalanced diet of the expectant mother. Although there may be other explanations:

ailments of the liver, kidneys and cardiovascular system;
severe toxicosis, when after each meal you are tormented by an attack of vomiting - it is no wonder that the nutrients simply do not have time to be absorbed;
a short break between conceptions - it takes at least three years to restore hemoglobin after childbirth;
hormonal disbalance;
antibiotic treatment;
dysbacteriosis;
nervous exhaustion.

Possible Complications

Low hemoglobin levels in pregnant women are usually observed before 34 weeks. This is not surprising, because the amount of blood is constantly growing, iron deficiency is increasing, and the baby takes the lion's share of useful substances. In this case, the treatment of low hemoglobin is not required, because the blood must be thinned, otherwise, its circulation will be disturbed. But do not confuse a natural drop in the level of red blood cells with anemia, which simply needs to be treated. Against the background of a severe form of anemia, a number of serious pathologies can develop, such as:

weak tribal forces;
premature birth;
intrauterine fetal hypoxia;
late toxicosis;
premature discharge of amniotic fluid;
the strongest external hemorrhages;
death of an infant within the first day after birth.

As you can see, low hemoglobin during pregnancy can have the most unfortunate consequences, so do not neglect the tests and doctor's advice.

Elevated hemoglobin - the other side of the coin

Although it is common to have low hemoglobin during pregnancy, an increase can also occur. This pattern is observed in people living in mountainous areas and spending most of their time outdoors. High hemoglobin during pregnancy (<170 г/л) может привести к эритроцитозу, образованию тромбов и варикозу у будущей мамы, рождению мёртвого ребёнка или гибели плода в утробе, а также быть признаками кишечной непроходимости, патологий сердечно-сосудистой системы и сердечно-лёгочной недостаточности. Повышение гемоглобина во время беременности, так же, как и малокровие, требует своевременного лечения.

Another important point: glycated hemoglobin, during pregnancy, its compliance or deviation from the norm allows you to identify the so-called degree of "sugarization" of blood over the past 120 days. An indicator of up to 6% is a sign of a healthy person. If glycohemoglobin is in the range of 6-6.5%, the woman is at risk of diabetes. A level<6,5% свидетельствует о самом диабете.

Relief and prevention of the problem

Naturally, rather than asking later the question of how to raise hemoglobin during pregnancy, it is easier to protect yourself and your unborn child from the very beginning. To do this, you only need good nutrition, as well as the intake of iron-containing vitamin and mineral complexes. And in order not to cause indigestion, you need to devote time to physical activity and walks in the fresh air.