Creative project "summer skirt". Creative project: Straight skirt Creative project using technology festive outfit skirt

Description of the presentation by individual slides:

1 slide

Slide description:

Creative project: “Skirt”. Head Perelomova M.N. Prepared by: 10th grade student Polina Sokolova

2 slide

Slide description:

My tasks. Justification of the problem and need that has arisen. Definition of a specific task and its formulation. Identification of basic requirements for the product. Research. Development of ideas, options. Analysis of ideas and selection of the best option. Selection of fabric, tools, equipment fixtures. Sequence of product manufacturing. Economic justification. Manufacturing of the product. Quality control. Product testing. Project design. Self-esteem.

3 slide

Slide description:

Justification of the problem and need that has arisen. In technology lessons we were asked to make a skirt. To make it easier for me to work on the project, I presented all the questions in the form of a thinking diagram.

4 slide

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Definition of a specific task and its formulation. When I substantiated the problem and need that had arisen, I immediately understood: my task was to make a skirt.

5 slide

Slide description:

Identification of basic requirements for the product. What requirements, of course, do I have for my future product? The skirt should be beautiful and fashionable, consistent with the structure of the figure, purpose and appearance. The design of the skirt must match the chosen model. The skirt should fit well on the figure and be comfortable to wear. The skirt needs to be universal to wear and can be combined with a smart blouse or jacket. The product should be inexpensive, but of high quality.

6 slide

Slide description:

Research. There are three main styles: classic, sporty and romantic. The classic style includes everything that hardly changes over time, something that is out of fashion. Sports style clothing is usually loose-fitting. It is convenient for movement, for varied work, and active recreation. Romantic style is lightness and dreaminess. The clothing uses elements of historical, national (folklore) costume.

7 slide

Slide description:

Development of ideas, options. I chose a romantic style skirt. I found some information about what the skirt looks like. The skirt is two-seam, widened at the bottom. Zip fastening in the left side seam. The upper section of the skirt is finished with a stitched belt, the lower section is finished with a hem seam.

8 slide

Slide description:

Selection of fabric, tools, equipment fixtures. Choice of fabric. Now that I have decided on the skirt model, I still have to choose the right fabric to make it. I decided that suit-dress fabric would be more suitable for my skirt. This material drapes well, forming soft, beautiful folds.

Slide 9

Slide description:

Continuation. Selection of equipment, tools and devices. Sewing machine. Ironing board, iron, spray bottle. Hand needle No. 3, pins, scissors, thimble. Cotton threads No. 50 - for machine work, No. 60 - for hand work. Measuring tape, ruler, chalk. Additional materials: paper for drawing and making patterns, textbook, workbook for repetition.

10 slide

Slide description:

Sequence of product manufacturing. I’ll take my measurements and draw a drawing of a straight skirt. Based on the main drawing of a straight skirt, I will perform modeling in accordance with the selected model. I will make a pattern and cut out the skirt. I will prepare the fabric for cutting and cut the skirt. I will prepare the skirt details for basting and the skirt for fitting. I will try on the skirt and correct any defects if they arise. I'll work on the darts. I will process the side cuts. I will finish the fastener in the left side seam of the skirt with zipper tape. I will process the belt, I will process the top section of the skirt with a stitched belt. I will sew the bottom edge of the skirt with a closed hem seam. I'll finish the loop and sew on the button.

11 slide

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Economic justification. I presented the calculation of the costs of materials for making a skirt in the form of a table. Name of material Conditional price (rub.) Material consumption (pcs.) Material costs (rub.) Suit and dress fabric 150 per 1 m 1 m 10 cm (fabric width 1 m 40 cm) 165 Sewing threads 6 per spool 1 spool 6 Button 50 per 1 dozen 1 PC. 5 Zipper 6 for 1 piece. 1 PC. 6 Total: 182 rub.

12 slide

Slide description:

Manufacturing of the product. Quality control. I will make the skirt in the sequence outlined above. I’ll look at the technology for making a skirt and the corresponding practical work in the textbook. The teacher spoke during technology lessons about the main criteria for checking and assessing the quality of a project. I will try to be self-critical and control my work.

Creative project: Straight skirt. Completed the work: 7th grade student “A” Nilova Kristina Contents.               Contents. Justification of the problem and need that has arisen. Definition of a specific task. Historical reference. Types of skirts. Types of figures. Drawing up a manufacturing plan. Development of specific model options. Sequence of product manufacturing. Choice of fabric. Tools, equipment. Economic justification. Self-esteem. Model. Justification of the problem and need that has arisen. In 7th grade, during a technology lesson, we were assigned to sew a skirt. But it should be inexpensive, modern and well ironed. But it will be difficult to achieve, but I will try. As it is, I am a very capable girl, and I think everything will go smoothly.  Definition of a specific task. My task is to make a straight gray skirt. So that it is: 1) Gray. 2) Direct. 3) Convenient. 4) Beautiful. 5) Modern. 6) Doesn't have to be expensive.  Historical background.  Initially, in the Middle Ages, a skirt was a knee-length garment gathered at the throat, usually belted. It was worn by both men and women. The women's Gothic “skirt” in the 15th century was divided into a bodice and a skirt itself, which marked the beginning of the skirt in the modern sense. Types of skirts.  Types of skirts:  Maxi          : Ankle-length skirt: In simple words, this is the longest skirt, which is used mainly as a work uniform and is rarely used for everyday wear. Midi: Knee Length Skirt: This is the shortest skirt. It is also used as a work uniform, and is already more common in women’s everyday wardrobe. Miniskirts: The miniskirt is believed to have been created by English fashion designer Mary Quant in the 1960s. Sometimes the appearance of a miniskirt is associated with the name of the French fashion designer Andre Courrèges. It is also known that in 1956, the costume designer for the film “Forbidden Planet” made several miniskirts for actress Anne Francis. The editor of Vogue magazine believes that the idea of miniskirts belongs to designer John Bates. Since the mid-1960s, microskirts have appeared that barely cover the private parts of the body. In the 1970s, miniskirts were replaced by longer maxi and midi skirts. In the 1980s, minis began to enter business fashion. The miniskirt is considered, on the one hand, a symbol of frivolity, and on the other hand, of Western liberalism. Thus, miniskirts disappeared in Iran after the Islamic Revolution of 1979. Micro-skirt: As mentioned above, since the mid-1960s, micro-skirts have appeared that barely cover the private parts of the body. A microskirt is an extremely short skirt that is wider than a wide waistband but shorter than a miniskirt. Dimensions: length 13 cm and width 20 cm. Maxi skirts. Midi skirts. Mini skirts. Micro skirts. Types of figures. . unstable trapezoid, . stable trapezoid (triangle), . hourglass, . rectangle. Drawing up a manufacturing plan. Development of specific model options. Maxi Midi Mini Micro Straight wedge conical Sequence of product manufacturing. 1) cutting 2) Preparing cut details for basting. Sweeping. Ruler, Pencil, Needles, Scissors, chalk Threads, Scissors, Cutter, Needle 3) First fitting of the product, Elimination of shortcomings. Needles, Chalk 4) Stitching the side seams. Sewing Machine, Threads, Scissors 5) Overlock processing Sewing machine, threads 5) Stitching the lock Sewing machine, Needle, Threads, Special foot 7) Processing the belt, processing the upper cut of the skirt with a stitched belt Threads, Needle, Scissors, Interlining, Sewing machine 8) Processing the bottom Threads, Needle, Sewing machine, Scissors Selection of fabric. 1) 2) 3) Jeans Satin Gabardine My choice: I chose fabric number 3, it is cheaper, more suitable for my fabric and best used by a beginner. Tools, equipment.           sewing machine needle pins thread cutter copy paper chalk ruler iron scissors Economic justification.      Gray fabric 1 meter Gray threads 1 skein Chalk 1 piece Nonwoven 1 meter Pink threads 1 skein 100 rub. 10 rubles, 10 rubles. 15 rub. 10 rub. Result: 145 rub. Self-esteem.  I think that my work is worthy of the highest rating, because I spent a lot of time and effort on making it, and I am happy with the final result. Therefore, I give myself: My skirt.

6 "B" class

Municipal educational institution, school No. 26

Project on the topic “Sewing. Skirt"

Performed:

Checked:

Kaliningrad

PROJECT WORK

Product name

Description of the model The model is a straight skirt that fits along the hips, with darts along the waistline, and a stitched belt. On the back half of the skirt, a zipper is sewn into the middle seam, and there is a vent at the bottom. The bottom of the product is finished with a hidden hem stitch. Model sketch (fig.)

Types of skirts

There are many different types of skirts that fall into different styles. These are skirts such as: straight skirt; pleated skirt; yoke skirt; skirt with wedges; wrap skirt; half-sun skirt; *multi-tiered skirt, etc.

Design and modeling

Design is the construction of a drawing of a product pattern. The straight skirt consists of front and back panels. The width of a straight skirt is calculated based on the circumference of the hips. To construct a drawing of the basis of a straight skirt, the following measurements are required: - St (half waist circumference); - Sat (half hip circumference); - Dst (back length to waist); - Di (product length). A straight skirt can be of different lengths (from mini to maxi, but I chose maxi) and is made from thicker fabrics (for example: gabardine). When calculating the amount of fabric, you need to add 10.01 cm to the length of the skirt (Di) for processing the upper and lower sections and leveling the cross section. For example: with a fabric width of 140 cm, the length of the skirt will be equal to Di + 10 cm; With fabric width< 140 см. длина пошива юбки будет равна (Ди + 10 см.) х 2

Modeling is the process of changing a pattern drawing in accordance with the selected model. The term "modeling" comes from the word "model", that is, a sample created by artists, fashion designers and designers. Drawing of the base of a straight skirt (fig.)

Equipment selection

In the cutting process I needed: scissors; chalk or soap; tape measure; tailor's pins; cutter's ruler. During the sweeping process I needed: chalk or soap; cutter; copy sheet; tailor's pins; hand needle; scissors; threads During the sewing process I needed: a sewing machine; scissors; flogging; chalk or soap; scissors.

Fashion direction. My style

In the 70s There have been fundamental changes in the nature of mass fashion. When determining the fashionability of clothes, they began to talk not only about styles, lengths, but also style. The features of each style are created by the cut, shape, fabric finishing, set of clothing items, as well as various additions, jewelry and cosmetics. Currently, the main styles are: - classic; - youth; - sports; - denim; - folklore; - retro.

My style is classic. It suits my inner state the most. There are things in fashion that, despite all the changes in tastes, preferences, and attachments, remain to a certain extent unchanged. The general opinion recognizes them as excellent, exemplary, exemplary. The proportions of classic style clothing correspond to the natural proportions of the human figure, the lines of shapes and details are simple and laconic.

History of the skirt

In the Middle Ages, the skirt was a knee-length robe gathered at the throat and belted at the waist. It was worn by both men and women. Starting from the 15th century, the women's Gothic skirt was divided into a bodice and a skirt itself in the modern sense. In the XYI century. Wealthy women dressed in massive, heavy clothes, which were made from cloth, expensive brocade and velvet fabrics. In the last third of this century, hoops appeared, encircling the waist like a flat wheel. This was achieved by putting a quilted roller under the skirt and a cutter assembled from the fabric of the dress, located at the waist. In the XYII century. Women wear twirls - a special kind of "cooper" hoops around the waist. In the XYIII century. Mostly smooth skirts with a lot of decorations appear: frills, flower garlands, lace, draperies. Until the 40s. XIX century the skirt is cut from 3 or 5 panels. It stretches at the front and gathers slightly at the sides. The side seams are beveled and go to the back. In the middle of the 19th century. skirts with crinolines appear, decorated with flounces and teeth, embroidered with braid, galloon and lace. In its second half, the crinoline is replaced by a petticoat with frills and a bustle pillow. At the end of the last century, women were pulled into a corset up to the hips, and the waist smoothly transitions from behind into a draped train, so part of the skirt lies on the floor. At the beginning of the 20th century. With the advent of the “modern” silhouette, the skirt is cut flared at the back with an elongated front. In the 20s skirts rise again to the knee. Nowadays, various forms of skirts are typical: straight and widened at the bottom, wide and narrow, pleated, wedged, short and long trouser skirts, etc.

Materials and their properties in accordance with the purpose of the skirt shape

I thought through the color scheme of the skirt, choosing red - the color of power and independence, despite the fact that red increases the volume of the figure and emphasizes its flaws. The beginning of the image is the color, and the beginning of the style is the fabric. It is necessary to take into account the properties of each type of fabric: - cotton fabrics have a large shrinkage when soaked, which is their main disadvantage. Cotton fabrics are beautiful, iron well, have little fraying and are relatively durable; - linen fabrics have a large shrinkage when soaked, wash well, stretch little, crumble, are difficult to iron, which is the main disadvantage, and are relatively durable. Linen fabrics are very beautiful and pleasant; - woolen fabrics wrinkle a little, shrink when soaked, are difficult to iron, and retain their shape well after ironing; - viscose fabrics are beautiful, good quality, shrink when soaked, the structure of these fabrics is very flexible, which makes working with them difficult; - synthetic fabrics have almost no shrinkage, are durable and elastic. However, these fabrics react differently to high temperatures and require caution when ironing. My choice: - gabardine fabric. (fabric sample) Materials used: - adhesive tape for processing the belt, zipper braid, threads to match the fabric, lining fabric (table). Fabric properties: Gabardine is a fabric made from the highest grades of carding yarn. The weave is diagonal. Mostly it is a plain fabric, but it can also be made from warp and weft of various colors. Finished with mole and waterproof agents. Properties of fabrics are divided into mechanical, technological and physical: - mechanical (table) - physical (table) - technological (table)

Color and personality

Color plays a huge role in human life. It has a deep emotional impact on a person and is a means of expressiveness in the composition of clothing. Colors are divided into two groups: chromatic and aromatic. Chromatic colors are divided into warm and cold. Warm tones include colors associated with ideas about fire, the sun - red, orange, yellow. Cold tones include colors associated with the feeling of coolness, snow and ice - blue, cyan, violet. I like the color red, which is what I chose. This color is preferred by those who like to rule, to be a leader in everything: from politics to family life. These are passionate people who are easily addicted to gambling, love sports and prefer an active lifestyle. As a rule, they explode over trifles, but they also quickly move away. The fate of the red people is full of a lot of turning points: with equal ease they could become holy ascetics and bloody dictators. Since ancient times, people have shown a special passion for the color red. In many languages, the same word means the color red and everything beautiful and beautiful. In China, for example, they say “red heart” about an open, sincere person. Among the Polynesians, the word “red” is synonymous with the word “beloved.” This color is associated with blood and fire. Its symbolic meanings are diverse and contradictory. Everything that is red symbolizes, first of all, joy, beauty, fullness of life, love, and on the other hand - war, revenge, enmity, aggressiveness and thirst for carnal pleasures. Red is the heraldic color. On banners it symbolizes rebellion, struggle, revolution, independence. The color red was credited with healing properties and the ability to resist the evil eye and witchcraft. Red threads, fabrics, flowers, Easter eggs, corals and plants help against evil spirits and the evil eye. The Chinese tied something red to children's hands, teaching them to look at this color as the best preventive measure against evil spirits. Red also denotes power and greatness. In Byzantium, only the empress had the right to wear red boots. The emperor signed in purple ink and sat on a purple throne. Many peoples associate the color red with the south, flame and heat. The symbolic meaning of this color is transferred to plants that have red fruits or flowers. In Slavic folklore, viburnum is a sign of beauty and virginity.

Technological sequence for making a skirt

1. Model development. Sketch.

2. Taking measurements.

13. WTO of the finished product.

14. Self-control.

1. Model development. Sketch.

2. Taking measurements.

3. Constructing a drawing of the base of the skirt.

4. Modeling the base drawing.

5. Preparing the pattern for cutting.

6. Preparing fabric for cutting: - decating the fabric; - ironing fabric; - lay out the patterns on the fabric; - shallowed the patterns; - set aside seam allowances; - make cutting.

7. Preparing the product for fitting: - laying copy and control stitches; - sweeping darts; - basting the middle seam of the back panel of the skirt; - sweeping side seams; - baste the braid along the waist line; - baste the bottom of the product.

8. Carrying out the 1st fitting: - eliminating defects; - mark the length of the product.

9. Processing of the product after fitting on a sewing machine: - stitching darts; - sewing side seams; - processing of cuts with a zigzag stitch; - sewing zipper tape into the middle seam of the back panel of the skirt; - stitching the middle seam of the back panel of the skirt; - processing of the slots in the middle seam of the rear panel of the skirt;

10. Processing the belt: - glue the belt with dublinin; - stitch to the top edge of the skirt; - process the loop.

11. Processing the lower cut of the skirt: - process the cut with a zigzag stitch; - sweep and process the bottom of the product. 12. Sew a button on the belt.

13. WTO of the finished product.

14. Self-control.

Safety precautions when working with fabric

To avoid any accidents during work, you must follow safety rules when working with fabric. 1. Safety requirements before starting work: - put on overalls, tuck hair under a scarf; - check for rusty needles and pins; - prepare the workplace for work, remove all unnecessary things. - make sure that the protective grounding of the body of the electric sewing machine is present and in good condition, and that there is a dielectric mat on the floor near the machine. 2. Safety requirements during work: - store needles and pins in a certain place, do not leave them at the workplace; - do not use rusty needles and pins when working, do not put needles and pins in your mouth; - when working with needles, use a thimble; - attach patterns and fabrics with the sharp ends of pins in the direction away from you; - store the scissors in a certain place, place them with their closed ends facing away from you, pass them to each other with the rings forward; - do not lean close to the moving parts of the sewing machine; - do not hold your fingers near the foot of the sewing machine to avoid being punctured by the needle; - before stitching the product on a sewing machine, make sure there are no pins or needles on the seam line; - do not bite off the thread with your teeth, but cut it with scissors. Safety rules when working with an electric iron: 1. Check the serviceability of the plug and insulation of the electric cord of the iron; 2. Make sure there is a heat-resistant iron stand and a dielectric mat on the floor near the ironing area; 3. Before plugging in the electric iron, stand on a dielectric mat; 4. Turn the electric iron on and off only with dry hands; 5. During short breaks in operation, place the electric iron on a thermally insulating stand; 6. When working, make sure that the hot sole of the iron does not touch the electrical cord; 7. To avoid burning your hands, do not touch the hot metal parts of the iron and do not wet the material with water;8. To avoid fire, do not leave an electric iron plugged in unattended; 9. Monitor the normal operation of the iron and do not let it overheat.

Need

I made this skirt in order to wear it at any time of the year, wear it on holidays, and since my skirt belongs to the classic style, it is convenient for active recreation and a variety of work. This skirt is multifunctional.

Self-esteem and economic evaluation

1. Manufacturing and analysis of product quality. In my opinion, the skirt turned out to be of pretty good quality, there were no errors in sewing, the stitches turned out neat, in general, good for the first time! Difficulties. Sewing this skirt was more of a pleasure than a task for me, although I did have a little difficulty sewing the product. The most difficult thing was chalking and making the loops, since this material is completely new to me. 2. Cost. Calculation of the cost of a skirt. (table) In total, my skirt cost me 108 rubles 50 kopecks plus my efforts!

Literature

Textbooks: 1., *Tissue processing technology* 6, 7-9 grades, Prosveshchenie Publishing House. 2. , *Technology* 6th, 7th grades, Publishing Center. 3. *150 skirt models*. 4. , *Sew yourself*, St. Petersburg<ЭКВО>.

Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School in the village of Dyakovka Creative project using the “Skirt” technology The project was completed by 6th grade student Yulia Yurova Project leader: technology teacher Dyakova N.G.

2015 Justification of the problem and need. I decided to sew myself a skirt. Moreover, in technology lessons we learn to design, model and sew. Definition of a specific task and its formulation. When I substantiated the problem and need that had arisen, I immediately understood: my task was to make a skirt. Identification of main parameters and limitations. The requirements that I will present to my future product:  The skirt must be beautiful and meet modern fashion.  The design of the skirt must correspond to the chosen model.  The future update should fit well on the figure.  Any defects that arise must be eliminated while working on the item.  The skirt should have a classic style, and it can be worn with a pullover, a smart blouse or a jacket.  The product must have a low cost: be of high quality, cost as little as possible. Research into identifying the parameters of tradition and history. I decided that I wanted to make myself a classic style skirt. I didn’t know what style was and what it was like. On the INTERNET I found an interesting Wikipedia about the history of clothing and fashion, from which I learned a lot of new things. It turns out that the word “style” came to us from ancient Greece and is translated as a pointed stick for writing on wax.

In our time, style refers to the character and manner of writing of the author, the artistic features of a work of literature, painting. The building and the park, the furniture and, of course, fashion have style. When it comes to clothing, it is customary to distinguish three main styles: classic, sporty, and romantic. The classic (otherwise strict, business, elegant) style includes everything that is most stable, selected over the centuries, almost unchanged, and out of fashion. Sports-style clothing (required for sports activities), usually loose-fitting, comfortable, for active recreation. Romantic style is an area of fantasy of “memories”, searches. “Elements of historical, national (folklore) costume are used here. All of these styles can be reasonably combined in the clothes of one person. Scheme of thinking. Problem, need, cost Labor protection Technology of making a skirt Fashion, style, silhouette model fabric Tools, devices equipment Design, modeling Development of ideas, options model No. 1 Straight skirt of a narrow shape. On the front and back panels there are two darts from the waist line. A zipper in the left side seam. The upper section of the skirt processed with a stitched belt, the bottom frill with a one-sided fold.

Model No. 2 Straight skirt widened at the bottom. There are three opposing folds on the back and front panels. Taped zipper in the left side seam. The upper section of the skirt is finished with a stitched belt, the bottom with a hem seam. Model No. 3 Long skirt to the floor, four-piece. Taped zipper in the left side seam. The upper section of the skirt is finished with a stitched belt, the bottom with a hem seam. Analysis of ideas and selection of the optimal option. I showed the sketched skirt models to my mother. She liked model No. 3 the most. Selection of fabric, tools, fixtures, equipment. A.Choice of fabric. The skirt can be made from different fabrics. Wool Stretch. Linen Silk For my model, the most suitable material was one that drapes well, forming beautiful soft folds. This is a wool and stretch blend fabric. My mother and I bought fabric that has the ability to stretch, does not wrinkle, and is soft. B. Selection of equipment, tools and devices. Sewing machine

Ironing board, steam iron. Hand needle No. 3, pins, scissors, thimble. Cotton threads No. 40 for machine work, No. 60 for hand work. Measuring tape, cutter's ruler, chalk. Textbook, workbook, album sheet (Whatman paper) for drawing and making patterns. Sequence of product manufacturing. I present all my work in a presentation. 1. In order to sew a skirt, you need measurements. A person cannot remove them from himself. In class we played the game "Atelier". Here we became acquainted with the profession of the receiver, who received the customer and reported the measurements to the cutter. 2. They turned me this way and that, all in order to take my measurements. The cutter told the receiver my measurements, and he wrote them down. I really liked this game. Based on individual measurements, I performed calculations using formulas and drew a drawing. 3. 4. Based on the main drawing of the skirt, I performed modeling in accordance with the chosen model. I made a skirt pattern. 5. Prepared the fabric for cutting and cut the skirt 6. Prepared the skirt details for basting and the skirt for fitting. 7. I tried on the skirt and corrected the defects. I didn't have any defects. The skirt immediately fit me well, and there was no need to correct anything. 8. I processed all the side cuts on a sewing machine with a special zigzag task. 9. I finished the fastener in the left side seam of the skirt with zipper braid. 10.I processed the belt, processed the upper section of the skirt with a stitched belt. 11.I worked the bottom edge of the skirt with a closed hem stitch. 12. While working, I got the idea to decorate my skirt with lace. This was a very good idea! I told my mother, she held me and bought me lace. 13.I processed the loop and sewed on the button. 14.After completing all the work, it is necessary to clean the product (cut all threads) and WTO (wet heat treatment). 15.The skirt is ready. And now I was spinning myself this way and that to show everyone what I had done.

Economic justification. p\n 1 2 3 4 5 TOTAL: Name of materials used fabric Lock braid zipper lace Threads (green) Threads (white) button Price (rub.) Material consumption per product 1m.*300=300 1*25=25 1.20 *300=360 1*25=25 1m.*20=20 1pc.*12=12 1pc.*12=12 Doesn’t teach. used 4m.*20=80 1*12=12 1*12=12 Doesn’t teach. 477 rub. Quality control. The teacher spoke during technology lessons about the main criteria for checking and assessing the quality of a project. I tried to be self-critical and resorted to self-control. Manufacturing of the product. I made the skirt in the same sequence as given above. Correction. I compared my project with the one that was conceived and drawn. There have been changes in it. Lace appeared. Test control. The last stitch is done. Proud, I hand myself my work, I spin in front of the mirror. At school, the teacher praised me for my beautiful and neat work.

The work was added to the site website: 2014-10-24

Order writing a unique work

Project folder

Theme:Skirt
Gymnasium No. 40
Ekaterinburg, 2009

Content

Introduction

3. Equipment selection

4. History of the skirt

5 Styles and trends in fashion

6. Materials and their properties in accordance with and purpose of the shape of the skirt

7. Color and personality

9 Safety precautions when working with fabric

10. Results of work

Bibliography

Applications

Introduction

Working with fabric, making clothes, doing work with your own hands is one of the means of self-expression that develops creative thinking, which makes it possible to realize your ideas in the manufacture of a specific garment.
The purpose of this work is to develop and implement a project for independently sewing a skirt under the guidance of a teacher. As well as the formation of such qualities as the ability to independently solve creative and technological problems, make informed decisions, apply and use acquired skills, knowledge, skills and information in practice in later life.
The task is to generalize the theoretical knowledge, skills and abilities acquired in the Technology lessons to create a garment (skirt).
The process of manufacturing garments on an industrial scale involves many people of various professions: fashion designer, designer, technologist, sewing equipment operator, clothing demonstrator. These professionals invest a piece of themselves, their individuality, for the people who will wear the things they create. During the lessons there is an opportunity to combine the work of various professions and bring your ideas to life.
To make any garment, certain steps are used. Firstly, this is drawing up a sketch, secondly, cutting out the product, thirdly, completing the tailoring of the product, taking into account the available material and the characteristics of the figure according to an individual plan. At the same time, strict adherence to this scheme: sketch - drawing - design - technology - finished product, helps to obtain practical skills for independently sewing a product - from an idea to a finished product.

1. General characteristics of the product

Skirt (French jupe) is a piece of clothing that covers the lower part of the body. Evolved from a loincloth.
There are many different types of skirts that fall into different styles. These are skirts such as: straight skirt, wedge skirt (Appendix 1); skirt with pleats, skirt with yoke (Appendix 2); gode skirt; half-sun skirt (Appendix 3), etc.
My model is a straight skirt that fits the hips, with darts along the waistline, without a belt. The skirt consists of several identical wedges that widen downward. With an odd number of wedges, the seam with the fastener is located at the back, in the middle of the back, and the slot is processed at the bottom. The bottom of the product is stitched on a sewing machine. A sketch of the model is presented in Appendix 1.

2. Design and modeling

Design is the construction of a drawing of a product pattern. My skirt model consists of three wedge panels. The width of the skirt is calculated based on the circumference of the hips. To draw a drawing of the base of such a skirt, the following measurements are needed:
- St (half waist circumference);
- Sat (half hip circumference);
- Di (product length).
A three-piece skirt can be of different lengths (from mini to maxi, but I chose a medium length - just above the knees) and is made from denser fabrics (for example: gabardine). When calculating the amount of fabric, you need to add 10 cm to the length of the skirt (Di) for processing the upper and lower sections and leveling the cross section. For example: with a fabric width of 140 cm, the length of the skirt will be equal to Di + 10 cm; With fabric width< 140 см. длина пошива юбки будет равна (Ди + 10 см.) х 2
Modeling is the process of changing a pattern drawing in accordance with the selected model. The term "modeling" comes from the word "model", that is, a sample created by artists, fashion designers and designers. Drawing of the base of the skirt (Appendix 4).

3. Equipment selection

In the cutting process I needed: scissors; chalk or soap with a thin edge; tape measure; tailor's pins; cutter's ruler. In the process of basting I needed: chalk; cutter; tracing paper; tailor's pins; basting needle; scissors; threads In the sewing process I needed: a sewing machine; scissors; ripper; chalk; scissors.

4. History of the skirt

Skirts have been known since the dawn of mankind and were worn by both women and men.
In the southern regions, men wore loincloths, skirts and aprons made of palm leaves. The main clothing of the ancient Egyptians was the shenti apron, which consisted of a strip of fabric wrapped around the hips and secured at the waist with a cord. The shenti of commoners and pharaohs differed only in the quality of the fabric; their style remained unchanged. The Assyrians wore a shirt-skirt made of wool, cotton or linen, called a kandi. By the length of this type of clothing one could determine the degree of nobility of its owner. The so-called Gothic skirt appeared in the form of purely women's clothing only in the 15th century. It was from this time that a bodice with side lacing began to be worn separately from the skirt itself in the modern sense. In the 16th century, wealthy women dressed in massive, heavy clothes, which were made from cloth, expensive brocade and velvet fabrics. In the last third of this century, hoops appeared, encircling the waist like a flat wheel. This was achieved by putting a quilted roller under the skirt and a cutter assembled from the fabric of the dress, located at the waist. In the 17th century, women wore twirls - a special kind of “cooper” hoops around the waist. In the 18th century, predominantly smooth skirts with a large number of decorations appeared: frills, flower garlands, lace, draperies. Until the 40s of the 19th century, the skirt was cut from 3 or 5 panels. It stretches at the front and gathers slightly at the sides. The side seams are beveled and go to the back. In the middle of the 19th century, skirts with crinolines appeared, decorated with flounces and teeth, embroidered with braid, galloon and lace. In its second half, the crinoline is replaced by a petticoat with frills and a bustle pillow. At the end of the last century, women were pulled into a corset up to the hips, and the waist smoothly transitions from behind into a draped train, so part of the skirt lies on the floor. At the beginning of the 20th century, with the advent of the “modern” silhouette, the skirt was cut flared at the back with an elongated front. In the 20s, skirts again rose to the knee. Nowadays, various forms of skirts are typical: straight and widened at the bottom, wide and narrow, pleated, wedged, short and long trouser skirts and others.

5. Styles and trends in fashion

In the 70s, fundamental changes occurred in the nature of mass fashion. When determining the fashionability of clothes, they began to talk not only about styles, lengths, but also style. The features of each style are created by the cut, shape, fabric finishing, set of clothing items, as well as various additions, jewelry and cosmetics. Currently the main styles are:
- classic;
- youth;
- sports;
- denim;
- folklore;
- retro.
My style is classic. It suits my inner state the most. There are things in fashion that, despite all the changes in tastes, preferences, and attachments, remain to a certain extent unchanged. The general opinion recognizes them as excellent, exemplary, exemplary. The proportions of classic style clothing correspond to the natural proportions of the human figure, the lines of shapes and details are simple and laconic.
6 . Materialsand their properties in accordanceWithskirt style
I thought through the color scheme of the skirt, choosing black - the color of refined taste, which at all times is at the top of fashion, hiding figure flaws. The beginning of the image is the color, and the beginning of the style is the fabric. It is necessary to take into account the properties of each type of fabric:
- cotton fabrics have a large shrinkage when soaked, which is their main disadvantage. Cotton fabrics are beautiful, iron well, have little fraying and are relatively durable;
- linen fabrics shrink when soaked, wash well, stretch little, crumble, and are difficult to iron, which is the main disadvantage. Relatively durable. They look very nice and neat;
- woolen fabrics wrinkle a little, shrink a lot when soaked, are difficult to iron, and retain their shape well after ironing;
- viscose fabrics are beautiful, good quality, shrink when soaked, the structure of these fabrics is very flexible, which makes working with them difficult;
- synthetic fabrics have almost no shrinkage, are durable and elastic.
However, these fabrics react differently to high temperatures and require caution when ironing. My choice is gabardine fabric. Fabric properties: gabardine is a fabric made from the highest grades of carding yarn. The weave is diagonal.
7. Color and personality
Color plays a huge role in human life. It has a deep emotional impact on a person and is a means of expressiveness in the composition of clothing. Colors are divided into two groups: chromatic and achromatic. Chromatic colors are divided into warm and cold. Warm tones include colors associated with ideas about fire, the sun - red, orange, yellow. Cold tones include colors associated with the feeling of coolness, snow and ice - blue, cyan, violet. I like the black color, which is what I chose. Black color is universal, it goes with almost all colors and a skirt of this color can be combined with any color scheme in clothing. Black color is the color of intuition. Nothing should interfere - complete concentration, purity and spirituality, inspiration, wisdom. For the Japanese, black is the color of joy. Notice how expressive the face of a man in a black robe becomes. Like a picture in a frame, especially the eyes are the mirror of the soul. Contrasts with this color are very effective. In both white and black, you can rejoice and grieve, and it will be natural. Contrasts in clothing, contrasts in life - they allow you to develop a person’s intuition and spiritual qualities.

8. Technological sequence for making a skirt

1. Model development. Sketch.
2. Taking measurements.
3. Constructing a drawing of the base of the skirt.
4. Modeling the base drawing.
5. Preparing the pattern for cutting.
6. Preparing fabric for cutting:
- ironing fabric;
- lay out the patterns on the fabric;
- shallow the patterns;
- set aside seam allowances;
- make cutting.
7. Preparing the product for fitting:
- laying control stitches;
- sweeping darts;
- basting the middle seam of the back panel of the skirt;
- sweeping side seams;
- baste the bottom of the product.
8. Carrying out the first fitting:
- elimination of shortcomings;
- mark the length of the product.
9. Processing of the product after fitting on a sewing machine:
- sewing darts;
- sewing side seams;
- processing of cuts with a zigzag stitch;
- sewing a zipper into the middle seam of the back panel of the skirt;
- stitching the middle seam of the back panel of the skirt;
- processing the slots in the middle seam of the back panel of the skirt.
10. Processing the bottom edge of the skirt:
- process the cut with a zigzag stitch;
- sweep and process the bottom of the product.
13. Evaluation of the finished product.
14. Self-control.

9. Safety precautions when working with fabric

To avoid any accidents during work, you must follow safety rules when working with fabric.
1. Safety requirements before starting work:
- put on overalls, tuck hair under a headscarf;
- check for rusty needles and pins;
- prepare the workplace for work, remove all unnecessary things;
- make sure that the protective grounding of the body of the electric sewing machine is present and in good condition, and that there is a dielectric mat on the floor near the machine.
2. Safety requirements during operation:
- store needles and pins in a certain place, do not leave them at the workplace;
- do not use rusty needles and pins when working, do not put needles and pins in your mouth;
- when working with needles, use a thimble;
- attach patterns and fabrics with the sharp ends of pins in the direction away from you;
- store the scissors in a certain place, place them with their closed ends facing away from you, pass them to each other with the rings forward;
- do not lean close to moving parts of the sewing machine;
- do not hold your fingers near the foot of the sewing machine to avoid puncturing them with the needle;
- before stitching the product on a sewing machine, make sure there are no pins or needles on the seam line;
- do not bite off the thread with your teeth, but cut it with scissors;
- only one person at a time should work at the machine.
Safety rules when working with an electric iron:
1. Check the serviceability of the plug and insulation of the electrical cord of the iron;
2. Make sure there is a heat-resistant iron stand and a dielectric mat on the floor near the ironing area;
3. Before plugging in the electric iron, stand on a dielectric mat;
4. Turn the electric iron on and off only with dry hands;
5. During short breaks in operation, place the electric iron on a thermally insulating stand;
6. When working, make sure that the hot sole of the iron does not touch the electrical cord;
7. To avoid burning your hands, do not touch the hot metal parts of the iron and do not wet the material with water;
8. To avoid fire, do not leave an electric iron plugged in unattended;
9. Monitor the normal operation of the iron, do not let it overheat;
10. After working with the iron, unplug the cord.

10. Results of work

Need. I made this skirt to wear it at any time of the year, to wear it on holidays. Since my skirt is a classic style, it is comfortable for outdoor activities and various types of work. This skirt is multifunctional.
Self-esteem and economic calculation. I think I did my job quite carefully, and most importantly, I like it. Although it took more time than expected, I am not upset, since I remembered all the stages of the work that I performed very well. And to evaluate, as it seems, the people around you should not, because from the outside you can see all the shortcomings better. I like the result. Because I sewed the skirt myself, no one will have one like it.
Difficulties. Sewing this skirt was more of a pleasure than a task for me, although I had some difficulties in sewing the product. The most difficult part was chalking and sewing the zipper, since this work is completely new to me.

No.	Material, accessories	Quantity	Cost, rub.
1.	Textile	1m	120
2.	Lightning	1 PC.	20
3.	Black threads	1 reel	15
	Bottom line		155

I saw a similar skirt in stores for 460 rubles, my version is more profitable, since I made everything with my own hands. Thus, I saved 305 rubles, and with the remaining amount I have the opportunity to sew 2 more skirts.
In general, I got what I wanted. Now, thanks to my knowledge, I can remake my wardrobe into the best one, according to my taste. If you wear what you like, what is comfortable, then you will feel comfortable and confident, and this is important for every person!