How to drill a large stone. How to make a through hole in stone

Artificial stone in appearance is sometimes difficult to distinguish from natural. And in terms of strength and resistance to external atmospheric influences, in some cases it can even surpass it.

Types of decorative stone: agglomerate, porcelain stoneware, artificial concrete stone.

It is very important that the weight of such a stone and its cost is much lower than that of a natural one.

These qualities largely determine its popularity in the external and internal decoration of houses and apartments. It is also used when laying garden paths, equipping bathrooms, making countertops and window sills. Therefore, many do-it-yourselfers are interested in how to cut such a stone, if you need to change its size or shape, how and how to drill holes, for example, for water pipes.

Artificial stone, made using different technologies, has different hardness. It depends on what components were used as filler and binder. All such varieties of stone can be divided into:

• agglomerate;
• acrylic stone;
• porcelain stoneware;
• artificial stone on a concrete basis.

Agglomerates, which include large quartz, granite, marble or limestone chips, and sometimes whole pieces of stone, bound with polyester resins, can be stronger than natural samples. The composition of acrylic stone includes fine-grained filler (up to 70%) and acrylic resin. This distinguishes it from agglomerates, makes it plastic when heated. It can be scratched or burned.

Porcelain stoneware products are superior in hardness to ceramics and glass, since their main component is highly compressed kaolin clay.

Stones made on the basis of sand and cement or Portland cement are similar in their properties to ordinary concrete. In some cases, manufacturers replace white cement with gypsum. Such artificial stones are less hard, easy to process, cheaper, but relatively easy to break down under the influence of moisture and low temperatures.

How and with what can a hole be made

To process a material such as artificial stone, you can use the same tools as when working with concrete products. A tool used for drilling the hardest materials can be successfully used for drilling all its varieties. This is usually done by one of the following items:

• perforator;
• drill;
• screwdriver;
• Bulgarian.

The grinder is used for drilling with the help of special diamond crowns, the design of which allows them to be used by winding them onto a shaft to mount the disk. The crown is installed at a right angle to the angle grinder body.

Drills or crowns are selected according to the size of the required hole and the hardness of the material used. As a rule, they have a tungsten carbide tip with Pobedit brazed, diamond tipped or diamond segment brazed.

Clamps are used to fasten the material. Apply dry and drilling with water to cool the cutting edge of the tool and the stone itself. In addition, water cleans the drill from cuttings, the edge of the drilled hole remains more even. There is much less dust during wet drilling.

In order to drill with water at home, a plasticine bath is made around the drilling site or a rubber ring is placed where water is added. When using a template, water can be poured directly into it by sealing the cracks with ordinary tape. Sometimes water is simply added little by little from a plastic bottle.

Artificial stone can sometimes have a polished surface on which marking lines are hard to see. In this case, paper construction tape glued to its surface will help. The lines are clearly visible on it, even if you draw them with a pencil.

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How to win porcelain stoneware

For drilling porcelain stoneware, as it is very hard, use a drill with a special nozzle.

Drilling porcelain stoneware is not easy, it is one of the heaviest materials to process. To get even edges of the hole, you always need to start from the front side. At the exit, the drill can chip, and in this case it will remain invisible. If the slab you are about to drill is not already fixed to the floor or wall, place a flat board or piece of fiberboard under it.

If the diameter of the intended hole is larger than 6-8 mm, you must first drill it with a tool with a smaller diameter. To work with porcelain stoneware, it is better to use a puncher or a fairly powerful drill.

The drilling speed is low or medium, it depends on the diameter of the drill. The larger the diameter, the slower the speed. It is better not to use a drummer, there is a risk of splitting the plate. In some cases, especially with a large thickness of the material, a striker at low speeds is used if there are no voids under the plate, but everyone does this at their own peril and risk. When drilling, water must be used for cooling.

The best results are achieved when using a diamond tool. In practice, different drills are used: carbide tips on tiles, a diamond-tipped pen, diamond-coated tubes, diamond crowns.

Good results are obtained with Chinese-made thin-walled monolithic diamond-metal tubes, and they are inexpensive, about a dollar 1 pc.

The drill wears out less if you drill perpendicular to the plane of the material. To do this, a drill or hammer can be mounted on a vertical stand. The resource of the drill in this case is almost doubled.

It can be very difficult to start drilling with a crown on a smooth surface, it always tries to move to the side, scratching the surface. Therefore, to obtain a high-quality result, you can pre-make a template for holes of different diameters. The template is firmly clamped with clamps and prevents the bit from moving from the drilling point. You can also add water here for cooling.

You can start drilling at an angle to the plane if the template is not used: then the bit cuts into the stone with one side, and then aligns. But this method is best used on softer materials.

Similarly, you can drill holes in stone from concrete and agglomerates.

To drill holes in beads, you need patience and firmness of hand. The specific method will depend on the type of material the bead is made from, but they are all done with common tools.

Steps

Choose a drill. You can use a hand rotary tool or a conventional cordless drill, but in any case, the tool must be equipped with a drill with a diameter of no more than 3 mm.

• It should be understood that for small beads, an even smaller diameter drill will be required.
• To drill holes in glass or stone beads, you will need to use diamond bits, which is caused by the hardness of the material.
• For wooden beads, a regular drill or a carbide drill will work, since wood is a softer material.

1. Place the bead in the plasticine. Press the bead into plasticine or sticky mass. The side you will be drilling the hole on should be facing up.

   • Plasticine is needed so that the bead remains motionless during the drilling process. You can also use a small clamp or similar surface.
   • Also place a thick layer of compressed plasticine under the bead so as not to accidentally damage the work surface with a drill.
   • Hold the bead with your hands Not recommended. Due to the small size of the bead and the power of the tool, the tool can easily slip off while drilling and cause injury.

2. Hole mark. Use a fine marker to draw a small dot on the bead. It should be located exactly where you plan to drill the hole.

   • The dot can serve as a guide for the tip of the drill. This is not necessary at all, but it can help you stay centered.

3. Place the bead in the water. Place the plasticine and clay in a flat tray, bowl or bowl. Add a small amount of water so that the bead is only slightly immersed in it.

   • The water will cool the drill bit as it drills to keep it from overheating.
   • To minimize the risk of damaging your work surface, you can also place a container of water on an acrylic cutting board. Also, if the container is large enough, you can put a thick leather lining in it.
   • Please note that the use of a corded drill can be dangerous, so the use of a cordless drill is highly recommended. Regardless of the type of tool used, you need to work carefully so that water does not get on the device. Never operate power tools with wet hands.

4. Attach the drill to the bead. Hold the drill vertically above the bead, only lightly touching the previously applied point. Turn the tool on for one to two seconds, then turn it off.

   • If the tool enters the bead correctly, you will see some of the selected material, which will mix with the water.
   • After turning off the tool, quickly check the surface of the bead. You should already see a small notch in the place of the future hole.

5. Drill through hole slowly. Position the end of the drill over the notch and turn the drill back on. Gradually drill a through hole in the bead until the drill comes out from the opposite side.

6. Check the work done. After drilling a bead, carefully remove the drill and turn off the drill. Check the resulting hole.

   1. Make a notch in the surface before firing. If possible, use a toothpick to make a small hole or notch in the bead before firing.

      • The notch should be centered where you plan to drill the hole.
      • The notch can serve as a direction to begin drilling into the hardened, fired bead.
      • If you forget to make a notch before firing the beads, you can still do it immediately after firing while the clay is still warm and partially soft. Instead of a toothpick, use a hard metal hairpin or needle.
      • When working with polymer clay beads that have been fired for a long time and do not allow making a recess, mark at least the point of the future hole with a marker or pencil.

   2. Use the right tools. Because polymer clay is very soft, do not use an electric drill or rotary tool to make the hole. All you need is a drill bit.

      • The drill size must match the desired hole size. The use of a drill with a diameter of 3 mm or less is implied.
      • A regular drill will do. Drills made of durable materials are not needed.

   3. Fix the bead. Press the bead into the plasticine or adhesive so that it stays still while drilling.

      • You can also hold the bead with pliers or your fingers. It is quite safe, since the use of power tools is not provided.
      • A small clamp can be used, but this is usually not necessary.

   4. Drill through the bead slowly. Position the drill directly over the notch. Using your fingers, screw the drill into the bead, maintaining a smooth stroke until a through hole is made.

      • The drill should be straight and perpendicular to the guide notch.
      • Screw the drill straight into the bead. Do not apply excessive force, the drill should itself enter the material.
      • Alternatively, you can hold the drill and wind a bead around it.
      • If you cannot screw the drill or wind the bead onto it with your hands, then you can use a manual brace to make the task easier. Do not use power tools.

   5. Check the result. After drilling a hole in the bead, remove the drill and check the resulting hole.

      • At this stage, the work is completed.

   1. Choose knitting needles or pins. Obtain needles or pins for piercing clay beads from any manufacturer of clay tools.

      • If you cannot find special knitting needles, then you can use sharp hairpins or large sewing needles. The tool used requires only a sharp end and sufficient material strength, which is similar in thickness to 20 gauge wire. It should also be long enough so that you can pierce the bead through.

   2. Press the needle into the bead. Lightly pinch the bead between the fingers of your non-working hand. With your working hand, carefully press the sharp end of the needle at the point of the intended hole.

      • The fingers should be on the smooth side of the bead and not overlap the entry and exit points of the pin in the bead.
      • Hold the bead lightly so that it does not move, but Not squeeze her.

   3. Scroll and keep pushing. Rotate the needle between your fingers as you press into the bead. Continue twisting and pushing until the end of the needle shows up on the opposite side.

      • You can also rotate the bead slightly while inserting the needle.
      • Keep the needle straight while pushing in. Work slowly and carefully to minimize possible changes in the shape of the bead.

   4. Pull the needle in the opposite direction. After making a through hole, pull the needle in the opposite direction by 1-2 mm.

      • By pushing the needle into the bead, small grains of clay are usually pushed out from the opposite side. By pulling the needle back, you will be able to remove all such grains and prevent them from hardening on the outer surface of the spoke.

   5. If necessary, restore the shape of the bead. Small changes in shape happen quite often, so you can gently restore it with your fingers.

      • With the right tool and method of making the hole, deformation may not occur at all. Piercing correctly without reshaping can take practice, so don't worry if you don't get it right the first time.

   6. Clay firing. Place the strung beads on a baking sheet lined with parchment or wax paper and fire as you would with any polymer clay.

      • Check the instructions on the resin label for the correct temperature and time. In most cases, firing is done for 15-20 minutes in an oven preheated to 135 degrees Celsius.
      • In order not to remove the needles before firing, use a tool made of safe material. Look into the oven from time to time during the firing process to make sure the needle has not started to melt or smoke.

   7. Remove the spoke and check the hole. Remove the finished clay beads from the oven and let them cool slightly. When they are not so hot, carefully remove all the beads from the needles.

      • It is best to remove the needle while the clay is still warm and soft.
      • Check the hole after removing the spoke. It must be full and one width.
      • If the hole suits you, then the work is completed.

   Warnings

   • When drilling stone, glass, wood, or fired polymer clay, it is recommended to wear a respirator and goggles. The drilling process disperses a large amount of dust and grains of sand, which can be hazardous if inhaled. Dust may cause irritation if it comes into contact with eyes.

   What will you need

   Stone, glass and wood beads

   • Cordless drill or handheld rotary tool
   • Drill bit 3 mm diameter or less, diamond (stone and glass) or carbide (wood)
   • Plasticine or adhesive mass
   • Marker
   • Flat tray with water
   • Acrylic cutting board or thick leather lining

   Fired polymer clay beads

   • Toothpick, sewing needle or pencil/marker
   • Drill with a diameter of 3 mm or less
   • Plasticine, adhesive mass or pliers (optional)
   • Hand crank (optional)

   Unfired polymer clay beads

   • Knitting needles for piercing beads
   • baking sheet
   • Waxed or parchment paper
   • Oven

Many builders and just people are wondering how to drill a stone, the answer to it is quite simple, you need to do this with the help of a special drill, at the end of which there are specially equipped solderings, the metal of which is very strong and stable.

Most often, this kind of drills are used very tightly in order to drill concrete, it is an indispensable find at large construction sites, and in order to make the whole process easier and faster, a perforator is used for the drill, with which you do not have to use extra physical effort , the puncher itself acts with the help of a strong impact force that acts on the drill rod.

All this can be explained by the production technology. On the market today you can find a rich assortment of these products in various modifications, it all depends on the wishes of the customer, because manufacturers can make the product in any version. This takes into account criteria such as loads, scope, etc. Such metal welded beams https://bzmto.ru/prodaga-svarnoy-balki can perform the task of a supporting column, a span in structures, or be the fixing backbone of a building. Thus, the design without problems can be called universal and multifunctional.

In order to drill an artificial stone, you need a puncher and special drills that have a diamond coating, this combination allows the tool not to heat up, but at the same time drill holes much faster and without delay, that is, the whole process is very fast.

Also, in order to drill a hole in an artificial stone, you can use a diamond-coated drill in combination with a conventional electronic drill, which is in the arsenal of every owner. In order to make a hole in a small stone, you can use a specially made needle that has a diamond tip, thanks to which you can make any stone decoration in a short time, and an equipped machine can be used as a tool.

In cases where a large diameter hole is needed, a crown is used, which, like the drill, has solderings made of a very strong and hard metal alloy at its end. If we talk about the scope of such a drill, then the main industry is construction, they make holes in large and thick load-bearing walls, such holes are most often needed in order to carry out a ventilation or plumbing pipeline, only with the help of a crown you can make a huge number of holes and with this does not damage the wall around, which is very important, because in case of damage, you will have to additionally do puttying and plastering work.

If we talk directly about drilling with a crown, then this should be done at the lowest possible speed, while the tips must be constantly watered, this is necessary if you do not want the crown to overheat, which can subsequently lead to breakage of the entire tool as a whole , and also to ensure that the life of the crown is as long as possible.

How to drill concrete stone

How to drill artificial stone, namely the list of tools that are needed for this process:

• drill, which has carbide soldering;
• a drill with a special diamond coating, which can have different sizes and diameters;
• crown, which also has carbide tips, which can have different sizes and diameters;
• perforator or drill;
• needles that have diamond tips, as well as various sizes and diameters.

In order to make large holes in stones, it is desirable to have equipment that is designed specifically for this type of work, it is mounted on a monolithic concrete wall, and this is done in order to make holes for communication pipes, and in order for the crown to remain intact, it is necessary to bring hoses to it, through which water will continuously flow to its solderings.

You need to understand that in order to drill a stone, equipment is not enough, for this you also need to know a certain technology that is used in this process, and it lies in the fact that each stone has its own strength and hardness and you need to use it for processing and drilling various nozzles, for example, in order to drill granite, which is very hard, but at the same time quite fragile, you need to select the right drill and decide how thick the hole should be and how deep, the principle is that the thicker the hole should be, the lower the tool speed , and the thinner, the faster they should be.

In order to make a hole exactly in the designated place, you need to tilt the drill to the side and make a groove, which in turn can direct the drill in the right direction. If we talk about water in this process, then it serves not only to prevent soldering from overheating, but also to ensure that all the debris that is formed from drilling is washed out and does not interfere with further penetration.

As for granite and other fragile stones, they are best drilled with a drill, and not with a puncher, since it can crack from constant blows, which will turn out to be an unpleasant and unnecessary moment, because the cost of high-quality granite is not so small. After all the above, the question of how to drill a stone, as well as how to drill a stone, will fade into the background, because all the most important and necessary has been said in this article, it will be enough just to use these tips and perform as accurately as possible.

Wizard's advice

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So that the oil paint does not dry out during storage and that a film does not form on it, place a mug of thick paper on the surface of the paint and fill it with a thin layer of drying oil.

"The polyethylene film covering the balcony or greenhouse will be protected from breaking by the wind of the string, stretched on both sides at intervals of 10-15 cm."

"To make it easier to work with the concrete mixture, clay is usually added to it, but clay reduces the strength of the mixture. Add a spoonful of washing powder to it at the rate of a bucket of water."

"So that the screw, the head of which is hidden behind the barrier, does not rotate with the tightened nut, you need to throw several turns of thread or thin wire on it and slightly tighten the ends. Due to friction, the screw is well held in place. The ends of the thread can be cut off after tightening. "

"It is possible to cut a birdhouse notch without a brace. It is enough to split the front side of the board in the center and cut half-holes of the required size with a chisel or hatchet, and then reconnect the halves."

Wooden plugs for screws crumble and fall out of the wall. Do not rush to cut a new cork. Stuff the hole in the wall tightly with nylon from an old stocking. With a red-hot nail of a suitable diameter, melt a hole for the screw. Ra fused capron will turn into a solid cork.

" A carpenter's level can easily be turned into a theodolite by providing it with a sighting device from a slot and a front sight. "

"In order for two strips of linoleum to lie end-to-end, it is convenient to use a self-adhesive decorative film, placing it under the base of the linoleum."

"In order for the nail to go in the right direction and not bend when driven into a deep hole or groove, place it inside the tube, fixing it with crumpled paper or plasticine."

Before you gouge a hole in a concrete wall, secure a piece of paper just below. Dust and fragments of concrete will not fly around the room.

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"Turning logs or wooden beams will help a simple device - a piece of a motorcycle or bicycle chain, supplemented with a hook on one side and attached to a crowbar on the other side."

"In order to be able to work with a two-handed saw alone, we recommend using a simple trick: move the saw handle from the top position to the bottom. "

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" The best way to glue a tile to a wall is to take some bitumen, melt it and put just four drops on the corners of the tile. It sticks on dead."

Shaped holes in the manufacture of figured window frames are most conveniently cut with a hacksaw with a turned blade.

"Making stained-glass windows is a long and difficult task. You can make a quick imitation of a stained-glass window. To do this, they take thin slats or rods of a vine, glue them to a sheet of glass, and then paint the glass and varnish it."

"If there is no dowel at hand, it can be made from a piece of plastic tube. The body of a ballpoint pen may also be suitable for this. Having sawed off a piece of the desired length, make a longitudinal incision, about halfway, and the dowel is ready. "

" It is known how difficult it is to hang a door when working alone. But it is enough to shorten the bottom pin by 2-3 mm and it will become much easier to work. "

"A very strong, non-shrinking and sufficiently waterproof putty is obtained from bustilate mixed with any powder - chalk, gypsum, cement!, sawdust, etc."

"If you need to screw a screw into the end of a chipboard, drill a hole slightly smaller than the diameter of the screw, fill the hole with Moment glue (but not epoxy!), Screw the screw in a day. The plate does not delaminate. However, the resulting connection can only be put under load through day. "

"It is more convenient to fix portraits, photographs, paintings in wooden frames with glass not with carnations, but with pushpins bent at right angles. The buttons are gently pressed with a screwdriver. Compared to nails, the danger of splitting thin frames is reduced to a minimum."

"It is not so easy to wrap a screw in hard wood. If you prick a hole for the screw with an awl, and rub the screw liberally with soap, then after such an operation the work will go like clockwork."

To save time, the edge of the wallpaper can be trimmed with a sharp knife without unrolling the roll. To do this, you must first align the end of the roll and with a simple pencil circle the border of the Edge from the outside. Working with a knife, the roll must be gradually turned in the direction of folding.

For carrying large sheets of plywood, glass or thin iron at home, it is convenient to use a wire holder with three hooks at the bottom and a handle at the top.

IF you need to cut a round stick into the distance, this work is most conveniently done using a template. It is made of a metal tube with a groove in the middle. The diameter is chosen so that the template slides freely on the stick.

It will become easier to work with a hacksaw if in its middle part it is increased by 1/3 of the height of the teeth.

If you attach a weight of about a kilogram to the front of the bow saw machine, it will become easier to work. The load must be made removable so that the saw can be used to perform other work.

" A waxy finish can be obtained by painting the surface with diluted PVA glue. To get the desired color, you need to dilute the glue with water tinted with watercolor. "

"Making a cover for an ax blade is as easy as shelling pears. A piece of rubber tube is taken, cut lengthwise and put on the blade. A ring cut from an old car camera protects it from jumping off."

"A linen cord will help to do without clamps when gluing wooden frames. Put four short loops on the corners of the frame and pull the frames diagonally with two long loops. The corners are adjusted using sticks that twist the middle loops."

"How to silence a creaking floorboard? Between the floorboards, you need to drill a hole at an angle of 45 ° with a diameter of 6-8 mm, drive a wooden pin into it, smeared with wood glue, cut off the protruding end with a chisel and putty the floor surface. "

"To make it easier to scrape a floor covered with varnish or paint, iron it through a damp cloth - and it will become easier to work."

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Due to the beauty of the pattern, the variety of colors and its durability, this natural material is in great demand in high-end and high-end buildings, as well as in renovation projects of old buildings. Therefore, the issue of natural stone processing, including granite drilling, is relevant during construction and repair work.

Drilling natural stone requires knowledge, skills and special tools. An incorrectly selected drill or a violation of the work technology most often leads to at least damaged drills, and in the worst case, to cracked material.

Before you start drilling granite, think carefully and answer the following questions:

• how much you need this hole and whether you can do without it;
• what should be the exact dimensions of the hole;
• how many holes are required in total;
• What is the best tool to do this.

The work associated with drilling granite should be done very carefully, without haste, and only after accurate, verified markings. In this case, it is necessary to follow certain rules for the implementation of such work. Correcting and redoing the mistake will then be very difficult or even impossible.

Drill bit with diamond coating.

Four important rules

The speed of rotation of the drill or crown should be minimal and selected depending on the diameter of the tool. The larger the diameter, the lower the number of revolutions of the drill should be. So, for example, with a drill diameter of 12 mm, the maximum allowable rotation speed is 950 rpm, and with 20 mm - 700 rpm.

Water must be supplied to the drilling site, which will cool the cutting tool and wash out the slag formed during operation. The use of water prevents the drill from jamming and extends its life. In addition, the water will cool the granite, as a result of which the edges of the hole will be smooth and neat.

The stone to be drilled must be pressed against a flat surface. For its reliable fastening, it is necessary to use clamps or other clamping devices. No part should be suspended.

Before drilling, be sure to mark up. To do this, stick paper masking tape on the surface, draw the outlines of the hole and its center. The adhesive tape will prevent the drill from going sideways and scratching the surface of the stone outside of the hole.

If you have never done this kind of work before, then try drilling a hole in an unnecessary piece of stone. If the trial run was successful, then this shard can be used as a guide template. To do this, fix it with a clamp at the drilling site and guide the cutting tool along the template. The drill will not slip, and the water supply will become easier if it is poured inside.

Granite Drilling Instructions

To drill natural stone, you must use a drill with the ability to change the number of revolutions. As a cutting tool, it is best to use a diamond crown of the diameter you need. In addition, you need to prepare 2-3 clamps, masking paper tape, a marker and water in a plastic bottle with a hole.

Set the granite blank on a flat surface and fix it securely with clamps, and so that the clamps do not scratch the polished stone, place wooden planks under them. Stick paper tape on the drilling site and mark out the center and outline of the hole.

Scratch the center mark with a drill or tap so you can start drilling from that point.

Attach the diamond core bit to the power drill and set the center guide to the scratched center of the hole. If the design of the crown does not provide for a guide, then make a template of the required diameter from a wooden plank, fix it on the surface, and use it as a guide during work.

Drill at a low speed, appropriate for the diameter of the cutting tool being used. The larger the diameter, the smaller the crown revolutions should be. Pour bottled water regularly over the diamond crown to cool and lubricate it.

Do not press too hard on the drill while working, as this may cause the granite to crack prematurely. The process should continue until the crown has gone through the entire thickness of the slab. Only then can the crown be removed from the hole.

If there is no diamond tool

In addition to diamond cutting tools, holes can be made using pobedit drills, diamond dust or corundum. These methods are less effective and longer, but also allow you to achieve the desired result.

Drilling holes in granite with a Pobedite drill is carried out at high rotational speed and constant water supply. If the process starts to slow down, then the drill must be removed and sharpened.

To make a hole in granite using corundum, diamond dust or ground pobedit, you will need a copper or brass tube, which will need to be fixed in a drill. On a granite surface, around the diameter of the marked hole, make a rim of plasticine or quick-drying putty 4-5 mm high.

Pour abrasive material inside the fence and drill with a tube at the lowest speed of the drill. During operation, do not forget to periodically add water to cool.

Finally

Drilling granite is a fairly complex job that requires skill and accuracy. However, if you have the necessary tools and a careful attitude to execution, any home master will be able to do it on his own. And it will be nice if you, before drilling, practice on unnecessary scraps.

The best tool for drilling granite are diamond core bits. Only their use will allow you to get a hole of perfect quality without applying excessive effort.