Clinical signs of pregnancy. Signs of pregnancy reliable, probable, doubtful

A woman gives birth in her life once or twice, less often - more. But she is worried about whether she is in a position or not, probably dozens of times in her life. And I am very surprised that in our age of technological progress, this issue is still not so simple.

Sometimes you can only guess about an interesting situation, since there are no special clear signs. But it is important to learn about pregnancy early in order to deal with your situation, establish proper nutrition, and start drinking vitamins. A little understanding of this issue can help signs of pregnancy.

All signs of pregnancy can be classified into:

Doubtful;
- probable;
- reliable.

Doubtful signs of pregnancy:

1. A woman's eating habits change, up to food perversions. She can refuse chicken Kiev, potatoes with mushrooms and soups. And get addicted to Korean cuisine, eat all the pickles, and even dream of a piece of chalk. And suffer from nausea in the morning.

2. A woman begins to suffer from some of the smells that she used to like. Favorite perfumes start to annoy, fresheners are thrown out, and cooking becomes a problem.

3. Emotional instability: sometimes fun, sometimes sad, then everything starts to annoy, then absolute indifference to what is happening.

4. Pigmented spots may appear on the face, nipples and areolas may darken, a line on the abdomen stretching from the navel to the groin.

Possible signs of pregnancy:

1. Menstruation did not come on time.

2. The chest may begin to hurt, and when squeezed, colostrum appears from the nipples.

3. The gynecologist can see on examination that the cervix and vagina have become cyanotic, and the size, shape and consistency of the uterus have increased.

4. Pharmacy pregnancy tests show positive results.

Reliable signs of pregnancy:

1. On ultrasound, a fetal egg is detected in the uterus.

2. The midwife can distinguish the heart sounds of the fetus.

3. When examining the blood, the human hormone choriogonin is detected.

The first signs of pregnancy appear at 2-3 weeks of absence of menstruation. Delayed menstruation without other signs of pregnancy does not mean anything. Too many reasons can influence their absence: from diseases, stress and fatigue to climate change. If menstruation is not on time, then you can measure the morning temperature. To do this, the thermometer should be inserted to a depth of 2 cm into the rectum, hold for up to 7 minutes. If for several days the temperature exceeds 37, then this may be no accident.

If you want to know about your situation quickly, it is better to ask for a blood test for the human hormone. If, in principle, you are not in a hurry, then you can use the usual test, and 3 weeks after the absence of menstruation, the gynecologist will be able to tell you exactly if you are pregnant.

Signs of pregnancy are doubtful, probable and reliable - what are there, how to find out that you are pregnant as early as possible?

In fact, everything is quite simple. You need to wait for the delay of menstruation. And then take a pregnancy test. If the test turns out to be positive, or there is at least a weak second line on it, then it may make sense to take a blood test for hCG. And a couple of times. One day and the next day. In 2 days, the level of hCG should double. This suggests that the pregnancy is developing. If hCG has not risen or has risen a little, while a laboratory error is excluded, most likely, the pregnancy has ceased to develop.

Many women prefer not to look for presumptive signs of pregnancy, but immediately do an ultrasound so that everything becomes clear anyway. In principle, it is correct, because only with the help of ultrasound in the early stages can an ectopic pregnancy be excluded. But at the same time, while the fetal egg is very small, it can easily not be seen on an ultrasound. This happens when a woman goes for an ultrasound in the first 1-3 days of a missed period. However, even at such an early date, one can assume the presence of an interesting situation. In this case, the doctor may detect a corpus luteum or a corpus luteum cyst in the ovary, which should disappear a few days before menstruation. At the same time, the endometrium is thick, favorable for the implantation of a fertilized egg.
Usually, on an ultrasound, a fetal egg becomes visible when the hCG level reaches 1000 units, and sometimes even 2000 units. If, with such hCG values, there is no fetal egg in the uterus, there is reason to suspect an ectopic pregnancy.

But many women do not want to do ultrasound, tests. Especially if pregnancy planning continues for many months. Since ultrasound and analysis for hCG in this case are all paid services, which also take away free time. And women are looking for any doubtful sign of the onset of conception. And they really happen in addition to the delay. And here are some.

1. Soreness of the mammary glands. It also happens with premenstrual syndrome, but only in this case it completely disappears a couple of days before the onset of menstruation. In the case of the onset of pregnancy, it usually lasts up to 8-12 weeks, gradually subsiding. Associated with the action of the hormone progesterone. And the sharp disappearance of soreness of the chest is often a symptom of a missed pregnancy.

2. Toxicosis - nausea, vomiting, rejection of certain foods, odors. These are very likely signs of pregnancy, which, to one degree or another, are observed in all expectant mothers.
They may appear slightly even before the onset of a delay in menstruation.

4. Blood smearing 5-7 days before the start of the delay. This may be a sign of implantation of a fertilized egg in the uterus. The so-called implantation bleeding.

5. Frequent urination. Especially at night, when this has never happened before. There are no signs of cystitis. It can persist to some extent throughout pregnancy.

6. Constant desire to sleep, fatigue, unwillingness to do anything. These are fairly reliable pregnancy symptoms. disappear by the beginning of the second trimester, it is typical for the first weeks in the norm. If they persist longer, then perhaps the problem is iron deficiency anemia.

7. A slight increase in body temperature without signs of illness, an increase in basal temperature to 37 degrees or more. This is the action of the hormone progesterone.

But the pain in the lower abdomen, in the ovarian region, including tingling, does not necessarily indicate that conception has occurred. Perhaps this is a sign of the imminent onset of menstruation. But if there is still a pregnancy, then this symptom means a threat of miscarriage and requires at least the use of antispasmodics.

And this is not all the possible signs of pregnancy described by women. But don't take them too seriously. It's better to take a pregnancy test. It will more accurately show whether you are pregnant or not.

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➤ Signs of pregnancy
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Possible signs of pregnancy

The group of probable signs of pregnancy include changes in menstrual function and in the reproductive system:
- Cessation of menstruation in a young healthy woman who is sexually active;
- Cyanosis of the mucous membrane of the external genitalia, vagina and cervix;
- Breast engorgement and the appearance of colostrum in them;
- Increase in the size of the uterus according to the period of delay of menstruation
- Change in the shape and consistency of the uterus.

The size of the uterus, its shape and consistency are revealed using a two-handed study. With the onset of pregnancy, the size of the uterus increases, which becomes noticeable at 5-6 weeks of pregnancy.

A normal non-pregnant uterus is pear-shaped, dense, flattened in the anteroposterior direction, moderately mobile. With the onset of pregnancy, the uterus acquires a spherical shape (5-6 weeks), and up to 7-8 weeks of pregnancy it becomes asymmetrical due to the bulging of one of its corners. Away with the development of pregnancy, the asymmetry disappears and the uterus again acquires a rounded shape.

A number of signs of early pregnancy have been proposed:

1. Horvitz-Hegar sign - the tissues of the uterus at the level of its isthmus are so softened that they are not felt during a two-handed examination and the fingers, when examining the hands, seem to meet each other
2. Sign of Snegirev - during a two-handed study, under the influence of mechanical irritation, the uterus becomes dense and decreases in size. After the cessation of irritation, the uterus again gains a soft consistency.
3. Sign of Piskachek - in the early stages of pregnancy, the asymmetry of the uterus is often determined, depending on the dome-shaped protrusion of its right or left horn. The protrusion corresponds to the site of implantation of the fetal egg.
4. Gubarev and Gaus drew attention to the slight mobility of the cervix in the early stages of pregnancy, which is due to a significant softening of the isthmus.
5. Genter's sign is an increased inflection of the uterus in front, which occurs as a result of a significant softening of the isthmus, a ridge-like thickening, along the midline of the anterior surface of the body of the uterus.
The listed probable signs of pregnancy do not always indicate the presence of pregnancy and may be associated with other reasons. So, a delay in menstruation can be the result of psychogenic factors, emotional stress. An increase in the size and change in the shape of the uterus can be caused by a growing uterine fibroids. Therefore, all probable signs of pregnancy are important, mainly in their totality and are studied in dynamics during a second examination of a woman, expressed in the early stages (up to 3 months).

Reliable signs of pregnancy

Reliable signs of pregnancy:

- Identification by palpation of parts of the fetus in the second half of pregnancy;
- Listening to the heart sounds of the fetus;
- The presence of fetal movements,
– Determining the presence of a fetus using medical equipment: phono- and electrocardiography data
fetus, ultrasound data.

Primigravidas feel the movements of the fetus from the 20th week of pregnancy, re-pregnant women from 18 weeks.

The news of pregnancy often comes as a surprise.

There are a number of likely and reliable signs to note:

1. Delayed menses. The very first and well-known sign of pregnancy. During this process, endometrial detachment occurs, which in the first trimester can be detrimental to the child. Therefore, nature “eliminated” such a “threat” for the duration of gestation, but it should be noted that approximately 20% of women may have spotting in the first months. It is for this reason that a child is already known in the second trimester of pregnancy. But for the sake of justice, it is worth noting that this symptom can also indicate problems with women's health, which means that you need to see a doctor to determine the exact cause.

2. The most likely way to determine pregnancy is to take a test. In modern pharmacies, a wide selection of this device is presented. It takes 5 minutes for the test to show the result. Moreover, this method has a reliability of 95%. For reliability, it is recommended to do it in the morning and repeat it after 2-3 days. As a safety net, you can use a blood test for hCG. Such a test will be able to show pregnancy as early as 7-10 days of fertilization. And it is a more reliable way than a simple test.

3. A trip to the doctor. On the 12th day of pregnancy, a gynecologist can already determine it. With the help of palpation, it is possible to feel how much the uterus has increased.

4. The most reliable sign of pregnancy is increased basal temperature. In the presence of a fetus, the vaginal temperature will be above 37 degrees. It was this method that was one of the first to determine an interesting situation in those days when tests, ultrasound and various analyzes had not yet been invented. It is important to know that sexual intercourse or even restless sleep lead to an increase in temperature in a woman.

5. Enlargement of the mammary glands. The breast increases its volume in two cases: during menstruation or the beginning of pregnancy. And this is a sure sign. This syndrome can also be accompanied by pain in the glands, as they begin to rebuild in the very first months.

But it should be noted that a delay of 12 days is considered the norm, and the first reliable and probable signs of the presence of a fetus appear already from 2-3 weeks of fertilization.

In any case, it should be remembered that all of the above factors can indicate an interesting situation, but they can also warn of the onset of some probable disease. Therefore, one should not engage in self-diagnosis and self-treatment, but it is better to consult a specialist as soon as the first of the above likely signs appear.

The birth of a child is a real miracle. But usually it is preceded by not quite easy nine months. Every woman experiences this condition differently, and not everyone feels the same. There are even dubious signs of pregnancy, which are also called presumptive. These include symptoms that may be caused by the “interesting position” of the woman, and may be other reasons. Some women who are expecting have these symptoms almost from the moment they become pregnant, while others do not have them at all.

Doubtful signs of pregnancy

Doubtful signs of pregnancy include:

1) Nausea. In medical terminology - toxicosis. It occurs mainly in the early morning and lasts up to several hours. Usually, toxicosis is present in the first months of waiting for the baby. Along with nausea, there may be vomiting - both in the morning on an empty stomach, and after eating. This condition can be caused by strong unpleasant odors, odors of spices or fried. There are several ways to deal with toxicity. Frequent meals (snacks) can save you from nausea. But do not lean on cookies or sandwiches, fruits, dried fruits, homemade crackers will be ideal. With especially pronounced toxicosis, it may be necessary to slightly change the diet and diet, and sometimes consult a doctor.

2) Changes in taste, smell, eating habits ... Thanks to this process, a woman's taste preferences sometimes completely change. It happens that the dish that the expectant mother did not eat until she was in an “interesting position” becomes the most desired and beloved. And it happens the other way around. This can also affect the choice of perfumery - many women, having become pregnant, choose new scents of perfumes and deodorants, completely different from those they used before their "interesting position". But after the birth of a child, most often this perfumery turns out to be unnecessary - old preferences return.

3) Emotional imbalance i.e. frequent mood swings. This can often happen within a few hours. The emotional state of the expectant mother is greatly influenced by the words and actions of others. They sometimes cause completely unpredictable reactions. A woman can be offended and burst into tears even from any careless word and even a look. A variety of melodramas and even television news also cause a storm of emotions.

Pregnancy is a very important event in the life of any woman. For some, it is joyful and long-awaited, for others - on the contrary. But, one way or another, everyone wants to know about the beginning of the development of a new life as early as possible - if possible, already in the first days after conception.

The reason to suspect the onset of pregnancy for most women of reproductive age with a regular cycle is a delay in menstruation. Finally, two strips dispel doubts during an independent test and the conclusion of a local gynecologist.

In this article, we will talk about the very first signs of pregnancy before a delay, a woman can feel them as early as 1 week after conception.

What happens in the body?

First you need to figure out how fertilization occurs, and only then talk about what signs of pregnancy may be in the early stages of its development. When a woman's egg matures, it leaves the ovary and travels down the fallopian tube. If the conditions are normal, then it is fertilized by the most active spermatozoon.

Due to the fact that the speed of sperm movement is small, no more than 2 mm per hour, the fertilization process can be delayed in time. When this happens, the division of the zygote begins. In addition to the fact that she begins to divide, she needs to find a place in the uterus where she can attach herself in order to receive the necessary nutrients.

After fertilization, the egg moves to the uterus and this can take one to two weeks. Only after the embryo attaches to the wall of the uterus, we can say that the pregnancy has occurred.

When can we expect the first manifestations

Early symptoms of pregnancy can be observed as early as 8-10 days after the fertilization of the egg. This period may vary, depending on the body's sensitivity to hormonal changes.

In medical practice, there were cases when women recognized fertilization already on the 5th day. In this context, we are talking about women who carefully listen to their body and feel the slightest fluctuations in their condition. On the 20th day of the cycle, the signs of pregnancy acquire a characteristic appearance.

You can confirm your position only after the formation of reliable symptoms. It is not possible to detect signs of pregnancy on the first day after conception.

Signs of pregnancy: TOP 10

You can recognize the first symptoms that speak of pregnancy by the following signs:

1. Absence of menstruation;
2. Enlargement and soreness of the mammary glands;
3. Change in taste preferences;
4. Frequent urination;
5. Fatigue and drowsiness;
6. Increase in basal temperature;
7. Nausea;
8. Vaginal discharge;
9. Frequent urination.

The process of pregnancy is full of interesting and pleasant moments. And the birth of your baby will open up a whole new world for you and become a new page in your life.

Absence of menstruation

The most obvious and well-known symptom is that you notice that your period has not come on time. But, despite the fact that this symptom is most often attributed to pregnancy, there are a number of other reasons that can lead to a delay. For example, severe stress, a serious illness or surgery.

On the other hand, many women notice the presence of menstruation already during pregnancy. For some, they will go on for several months or even the entire pregnancy.

Increase in basal body temperature

Don't be lazy: watch your basal temperature throughout the cycle. If you are pregnant, either the temperature will rise to 37 degrees or drop sharply for one day in the second phase of the menstrual cycle. This process is called "implantation retraction".

There can be two reasons. Firstly, from the middle of the second phase, the production of the hormone progesterone, which is responsible for raising the temperature, decreases, but if you are pregnant, it starts to be produced again. Therefore, temperature fluctuations occur. Secondly, during pregnancy, the hormone estrogen is released, which lowers the temperature.

Enlargement and soreness of the mammary glands

Breast enlargement and darkening of the nipples during pregnancy is observed in almost 100% of patients. In some cases, already in the very early stages, a woman feels discomfort from the fact that the bra becomes somewhat tight.

Important: a sharp increase in the sensitivity of the breast and even the appearance of pain when touched is not excluded.

Growth of mammary glands

Despite the fact that this symptom is not considered indispensable, it is observed in most women. If pregnancy has come, then the mammary glands increase in exactly the same way. If only one gland increases, or some part of it swells, this indicates the presence of diseases.

Feelings of nausea and vomiting

The most famous of the primary signs of pregnancy is nausea. Many women who have given birth claim that nausea in their case occurred ten sometimes fourteen days before the expected menstruation. Whatever nausea torments you too much, and does not become unbearable, try eating a cracker or a non-fatty cookie on an empty stomach, and also try switching to fractional nutrition. Eat often, but in small portions, and in no case should you eat rarely and in large quantities.

Change in taste preferences

Increasing levels of hormones cause a change in taste preferences. Those food combinations that were previously unacceptable for a woman become objects of preference and vice versa. Also, a woman may feel a taste of metal in her mouth.

Vaginal discharge

After 6-12 days from the moment of conception, spotting may appear. Their volume is small - within a few drops. The appearance of a discharge is one of the signs of the successful introduction of a fertilized egg into the endometrium of the uterus. This sign of pregnancy is not typical for all women; it is only one of the variants of the norm.

Heartburn

An unpleasant sign of a possible pregnancy that can annoy a woman for all nine months is heartburn. In the first four months, this is caused by hormonal changes. But after the fourth month and before the ninth, this happens because the baby, growing up, puts pressure on many internal organs, and to a greater extent on the stomach.

Discharge from the chest

During pregnancy, colostrum may well stand out from the breast, this is absolutely normal for all pregnant women. The discharge should be clear and not abundant. This is called galactorrhea. Milk, colostrum or a milk-like liquid is released from the nipples, and such discharges can begin on any day of pregnancy, even in the very first days after conception, but they will end, or rather, they will move to another state only at the beginning of breastfeeding

Changes in well-being

About a week after conception, a woman may feel unusual fatigue, weakness, drowsiness, apathy. At this stage, expectant mothers may be bothered by headaches. The reason for these sensations is the increased production of pregnancy hormones, which from now on will affect the woman's body for all 9 months.

Frequent urge to urinate

A very common and reliable symptom, the first week of pregnancy is constantly accompanied by frequent urination and other similar troubles. This may be the result of cystitis - a very terrible and unpleasant infectious disease. Symptoms of cystitis include frequent trips to the toilet, pain during urination, fever, and extreme fatigue. Every woman can get cystitis after conception, and it's not an infection, but an increase in progesterone production.

This hormone improves the health of the fetus, and creates relaxation in the bladder. Due to such strong relaxation, the channel remains open, and the desire to go to the toilet appears even with an empty bladder. If you do not have intense pain, relax and experience this symptom, but if you still have pain, you need to see a doctor and undergo treatment. Jokes are bad with cystitis, it is better to cure its initial stage than to fight chronic.

Reliable signs of pregnancy

These undoubted manifestations are 100% evidence of pregnancy. Their detection is possible from the second week of gestation and later, so they are considered late.

1. Ultrasound confirmation of the presence of the fetus.
2. Fixing the fetal heartbeat by instrumental methods - CTG, FKG, ECG, as well as from 15 weeks using a stethoscope.
3. Detection of the head, handles and other parts of the fetus, it is possible to move it during palpation.

To make a reliable diagnosis, it is important to take into account the opinion of a specialist. During a medical consultation, you can find out on what day the first signs of pregnancy appear, and how to distinguish them.

Rapid Pregnancy Test Results

A rapid test, which can be bought at any pharmacy, gives objective results five or more days after the first day of the expected menstruation. However, such tests often give erroneous readings (more often false negative readings).

This happens due to the fact that the test reacts to the amount of the hormone chorionic gonadotropin in the urine of a woman. The level of this hormone increases slowly in the first months as pregnancy progresses. In the case when you need to find out about the onset (or not the onset of pregnancy) before five days of delay, you can do a test in the laboratory, it has more objective results.

An increase in the amount of chorionic gonadotropin in the urine also occurs with certain neoplasms of the uterus.

What are the signs of abnormal pregnancy?

A dangerous symptom of pregnancy is severe pain in the abdomen, uterus and fallopian tubes. With or without fever. The appearance of such not even too painful sensations, and the absence of menstruation, is a sign of a woman's life-threatening ectopic pregnancy.

In such cases, a woman is urgently examined and, according to indications, operated on, since delay can lead to serious problems with women's health and even death. What happens is extremely rare, so do not be scared in advance, but just show yourself to the gynecologist in a timely manner.

What should a woman do at the first symptoms?

At the moment when the first signs of pregnancy appear after conception, it is necessary to contact the antenatal clinic. If the diagnosis is confirmed, and the expectant mother wants to keep the pregnancy, then she is registered. Carrying a child is a big responsibility that a future mother takes on. In order for the baby to develop healthy, a woman needs to give up any bad habits, pay attention to her diet and lifestyle.