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Healthy vegetables for children up to a year. What vegetables can be given to a child up to a year? Can you give your child vegetables?

* Milk *

410. Milk after a year.

Milk contains almost all the nutrients needed
human body: proteins, fats, carbohydrates, mineral salts and almost all vitamins. Children who receive good nutrition are provided with all these substances (except calcium) and without milk. Milk is the only food that contains a lot of calcium, so it is advisable that the child drink up to 1 liter of milk per day (in any form).
But remember that many children drink different amounts of milk on different days. Therefore, the surest way to keep a child's love of milk is to never persuade him to drink more than he wants. If after a few weeks the child has not returned to his previous norm (750 g), consider in what other form you can give him more milk.

411. Instead of plain milk.

A lot of milk for cooking require porridge. Milk is an ingredient in a variety of puddings, from curd to rice pudding. With milk, instead of water, you can make vegetable and chicken soups. Milk can be used to cook pasta, mashed potatoes and many other dishes.
It is better not to add various substances to milk to change its smell and taste. But if necessary, you can add cocoa or hot chocolate to milk, you can drink it cold with the addition of some syrup. Usually chocolate causes diathesis and gastric disorders in young children, so it is not given until 2 years of age. Vanillin can also be added to milk. But do not make milk too sweet, so as not to interrupt the child's appetite.
Unfortunately, any novelty quickly becomes boring, so flavored milk can also quickly become boring to a child, especially if the mother persuades him to drink a little more on the first day when he drinks less than one glass. I would like to reiterate that when parents say to a child: “Drink some more chocolate milk” (or something else), then the child loses the desire to drink this milk.
Cheese is a very healthy dairy product. 30 g of hard cheese contains as much calcium as 230 g of milk. You need 3 times more processed cheese than hard cheese to get the amount of calcium in a glass of milk. There is little calcium in cottage cheese. In terms of calcium content, 1 glass of milk is equivalent to 300 g of cottage cheese.
Since cottage cheese is low in fat, it is very easy to digest and can be eaten a lot. Cottage cheese is eaten salted or mixed with grated cheese or boiled vegetables. Due to the high fat content, cheese should be given little by little. It can be eaten simply in slices or in the form of sandwiches; many dishes are sprinkled with grated cheese if the child refuses milk in all its forms. If he is allergic to milk, he must receive calcium in some other form, as prescribed by the doctor.
Butter or margarine should be introduced after a year and very gradually, adding it to vegetables and spreading it on bread. Cream should also be given little by little over porridge, puddings or fruit for a child with a good appetite. The body's digestive system takes time to adjust to increased fat intake.

* Meat, fish, eggs *

412. Meat.

413. Fish.

Fish (white, lean) can be gradually started to give for about a year. It is baked, boiled or fried. Crumble the fish with your fingers and remove any bones before giving it to a child. More fatty fish varieties are introduced into the menu gradually after a year. Some kids love fish, but most don't like it and there's no point in insisting.

414. Eggs.

It is a very valuable product in any form: hard-boiled or in a bag, in the form of scrambled eggs or used to prepare various dishes and drinks. It is advisable that the child eats one egg a day. If he likes eggs, sometimes 2 eggs a day is fine.
If the child does not like meat or fish, or if you cannot get them, then his protein requirement will be met by 3/4-1 liter of milk and 2 eggs per day, plus vegetable proteins contained in cereals and vegetables.
If the child does not like eggs or they cause allergies, then regular consumption of meat is all the more necessary.

*Vegetables*

415. Different types of vegetables.

During the first year of life, the child probably tasted most of the following vegetables: spinach, peas, onions, carrots, asparagus, zucchini, pumpkin, tomatoes, celery, potatoes.
Up to a year, the child should move from mashed food to mashed with a fork and in the form of pieces. (Of course, some vegetables can also be given in pureed form.) The peas must be crushed so that the child does not swallow the peas whole. If up to a year you gave your child only easily digestible vegetables, then after a year try less popular and more difficult to digest vegetables: cabbage (including cauliflower), turnips, parsnips. Their sharp taste can be softened by boiling them in two waters. Some children like these vegetables and digest them well, other children refuse to even try them. Corn grains are given only after 2 years. Very young children swallow corn without chewing, and it comes out undigested in the feces. Give your child only soft corn. Cut the kernels not too close to the base so that the grain opens, at 3-4 years old you can give corn directly on the cob, but cut in the middle of each row of grains so that they open.
Easily digestible raw vegetables begin to be produced between a year and two, if the child has good digestion. The best of them: peeled tomatoes, lettuce, grated carrots, finely chopped celery. These vegetables should be well cleaned. Give them little by little at first and see how the child digests them. You can season raw vegetables with orange or sweetened lemon juice.
At the same time, if the child has good digestion, you can start giving vegetable juices. Raw vegetables and juices from them are much healthier than boiled vegetables, in which some of the vitamins and mineral salts are destroyed during the cooking process and dissolved in water.
If a child temporarily stopped loving just boiled vegetables, think about vegetable soups: pea, tomato, onion, spinach, beetroot, corn and mixed vegetable soups.

416. Vegetables can be replaced by fruits.

Suppose a child refuses vegetables in any form for several weeks. Vegetables are a very valuable product as a source of vitamins, mineral salts and fiber. But various fruits contain most of the vitamins and mineral salts and the same amount of fiber. If a child takes vitamins in concentrates, drinks milk and eats meat and eggs, he receives those salts and vitamins that are scarce in fruits. In other words, if your child doesn't eat vegetables but loves fruits, he has nothing to lose. Give him fruits 2-3 times a day and forget vegetables for a few weeks or even months. If you do not insist, then most likely the child will again fall in love with vegetables after a while.

* Fruits *

417. In what form should they be given.

During the first year of life, the child apparently tasted the following fruits, boiled or canned: pureed apples, apricots, prunes, pears, peaches, pineapples and raw ripe bananas, apples, pears. For a one-year-old child, some of these fruits can be given not mashed, but in pieces. Canned fruits that adults eat are not as healthy for children because of the too sweet syrup. If you give children canned compotes, then at least drain the sweet syrup.
Raw fruits such as oranges, peaches, apricots, plums, seedless grapes are given between a year and two if the child has good digestion. Raw fruits must be very ripe. Cut off the skin for a child under 4 years of age. If you leave it, then you need to thoroughly wash the fruit to remove the chemicals that were sprayed on the fruit trees.
Usually raw berries are not given until 2 years. Strawberries often cause rashes. Until the child learns to chew well, mash the berries so that he does not swallow them whole. Remove pits from cherries until he learns to do it himself by spitting them out. Whenever you start giving berries, do it gradually and stop if your child develops diarrhea.
Melons and watermelons should be given cautiously at 2 years, in small portions, mashed.
Dry fruits - prunes, apricots, figs, dates - can be given unboiled from 2 years. Dry fruits should be washed very thoroughly and given sliced ​​as a fruit salad or whole.

* Porridge and dinner *

418. Kashi.

Your one-year-old child probably already eats various cereals made from children's convenience foods or boiled: oatmeal, wheat and others that the whole family eats. Feed your baby cereal for as long as he likes it, once or twice a day. Remember that children like either solid food or almost liquid. They usually do not like a viscous consistency. Therefore, make porridge liquid.
If your child is tired of one porridge, offer him another one that he did not like before. You can occasionally give boiled unpolished rice, hominy, semolina. Often children prefer dry cereals (buckwheat, millet, etc.), because they are eaten by adults and older children. Wheat and oatmeal are the healthiest because they are rich in vitamins and mineral salts (corn and rice cereals are less valuable).

419. Bread and cereals.

If the child is tired of porridge for breakfast, you can give him toasted bread, a bun made from wholemeal flour, rye or oatmeal. Bread is the same porridge, only in a baked form, and is just as useful. The fact that the bread is cold, and not hot, like porridge, does not matter and does not reduce either its nutritional value or digestibility. Brush the bread with a thin layer of butter or margarine (after a year). You can spread a layer of pureed fruit or a little jam on the bread if your child likes it that way.

420. Dinner.

Often mothers complain: "He is tired of porridge and I just don't know what to feed him for dinner." If you are going to give your child several meals for dinner, then you need to remember a simple rule so as not to feed him two hearty meals for one dinner and two light ones for the next. Here is the rule: 1) fruits or vegetables; 2) a hearty high-calorie meal.
A hearty dish can be porridge, which the child will like much more if you add slices of raw or boiled fruit, or finely chopped dry fruits, or honey to it.
An older child can be given sandwiches instead of porridge. It is still difficult for a one-year-old child to eat a sandwich, besides, he will still divide it into parts. But closer to 2 years, he will do well with a sandwich. For sandwiches, use rye or wholemeal bread. Spread it with a thin layer of butter, cottage cheese or melted cheese. You can add a little jam, honey or sugar if the child does not eat sandwiches without sweets. But I would not recommend to get involved in sweets. Sandwiches can be made with a wide variety of foods: with raw vegetables (lettuce, tomatoes, grated carrots or cabbage), with boiled or chopped dry fruits, eggs, herring, chopped poultry or meat, with cheese (grated or melted, and later a slice). For children over 3 years old, a little mayonnaise can be put on a sandwich.
As a hearty meal for dinner, you can give broth or soup with rice, pearl barley or pasta, in which you can throw a little toast.
In addition to the egg received for breakfast, or instead of it, you can give an egg (in any form) for dinner. Place the egg on the bread, or crumble the bread into a soft-boiled egg.
You can give a simple cookie, spread it with something, or crumble it into a cup in warm or cold milk. You can crumble bread or toast into cold or hot milk.
Potatoes are a very satisfying dish and are quite suitable for dinner if the child loves them. Sometimes you can give pasta, vermicelli.
Instead of a hearty first meal followed by boiled or raw fruit, boiled vegetables or a vegetable or fruit salad can be given first, followed by milk or cereal pudding, and ice cream for an older child.
Bananas are a wonderful dessert and a very satisfying dish. They can sometimes replace porridge for breakfast. You can give curd mass or desserts prepared on gelatin (preferably with fruit). But they do not contain enough calories and therefore do not fully satisfy the child's appetite.
There are children who always eat little food containing starch, and it seems that they do not need it. They get enough calories from milk, meat, fruits and vegetables and gain weight normally. From these same foods they get enough B vitamins. So, the last thing you need to worry about is bread, cereals and other high-calorie foods, even if the child goes without them for several weeks.

* Less valuable and unwanted food *

421. Cakes, pies, cookies.

These products are undesirable for children, because they are prepared mainly from high-grade flour, sugar and fat. Since they are very high in calories, the child is quickly satiated, but almost does not receive vitamins, mineral salts, fiber and proteins. This kind of food is called "inferior". It only satisfies the child's appetite, but deprives him of the most important nutrients that he could get from other foods.
Of course, a child can occasionally eat pies and cakes (for example, on his birthday). If you give them regularly, then deprive him of the necessary nutrients. There is no point in making pies at home, if there is no special need for it.
Cream puffs are especially dangerous. Cream is an excellent breeding ground for bacteria, especially if the cakes are not stored in the refrigerator. Stale cakes are often the cause of severe poisoning.

422. Sweets.

They are also undesirable, as they quickly satisfy the appetite of the child and are harmful to his teeth. If the child is happy to eat porridge with fruit without sugar, then you do not need to add it. But, if a little sugar or a spoonful of honey, according to your child, makes porridge very tasty, then sweeten it without talking. But don't let him put in too much sugar. Gently and firmly move the sugar bowl away from him. Jelly, jam, canned fruits (except special canned fruits for children) contain too much sugar and therefore should not be fed frequently to the child. If he eats bread and butter only with jam, then spread it quite a bit, just for taste. If the whole family eats canned fruits, you can give them to the child too, but without the syrup. Raisins, prunes and dates, if the child eats them regularly, are harmful to the teeth, because they stick to them for a long time.

423. Sweets, fruit water, ice cream.

This is an inferior food, and usually children eat them precisely between feedings, which is especially harmful for both teeth and appetite. It will not hurt the child if he eats candy or ice cream for dessert after dinner with the whole family. But by all means avoid giving your baby sweets between feeds. And sweets are not recommended to be given regularly even on the third. In order not to accustom your child to sweets, do not keep them at home and do not buy ice cream and fruit water for your child. But a child of school age inevitably learns about the existence of such "joys". If the child only wants sweets from time to time, then it is better to give in to his desire so that he feels that he is "just like everyone else." But, if he constantly eats sweets, and especially if he has bad teeth, then parents should allow sweets only on special occasions.

424. Parents themselves often instill in their child a love for sweets.

Children love candy. Their "hungry", growing organisms require additional calories. But an unspoiled child is unlikely to eat a lot of sweets. Some young children do not like candy and sweets at all. In her experiments, Dr. Clara Davis found that if you let your child decide what to eat, then he will eat sweets in reasonable quantities.
I think that often parents unwittingly instill in their child an exaggerated love of sweets. For example, a mother says to a child: "Until you eat spinach, I will not give you ice cream" or "If you eat all the porridge, I will give you candy." When you make a promise but keep the promise (or any reward), it increases desire. The effect is the opposite of what the mother needs. The child eats spinach and porridge, which he hates, and he wants sweets and ice cream even more. As a joke, I would advise to bribe a child in a different way: "I will not give you spinach until you eat ice cream." In all seriousness, I advise you never to stick with one meal until your child has eaten another. Let him think that simple food is as good as sweet food.

425. Corn, rice and flour of the highest grades are less valuable products than wholemeal flour and oatmeal.

Corn and rice are poor in vitamins and valuable proteins (even before processing) compared to oatmeal, rye flour and whole wheat flour. Processing grain deprives it of most of its vitamins, minerals and fiber. Therefore, foods such as white bread, pasta, biscuits, rice, hominy, etc., should be given less often. Unpolished brown rice is healthier than polished white rice.
You may think that I am exaggerating the dangers of sweet and starchy foods. In many families, children eat approximately as follows: breakfast - porridge (very sweet) and bread with jam; lunch - pasta, white bread and jam; afternoon snack - ice cream and soda water; dinner - corn flakes, pies and pudding. Even if a child eats both meat and vegetables with such a diet, still 2/3 of his menu is "inferior" food.

426. Coffee and tea.

They are not suitable for children, because they fill the place in the stomach that belongs to milk, and in addition, they contain an exciting substance - caffeine. Most kids are quite active without caffeine. You can add a tablespoon of liquid tea or coffee to milk if the child likes to do everything "in an adult way." But it is better and easier not to give these drinks to the child at all.

* Frozen food *

427. Frozen foods are just as healthy for children as fresh and canned foods, if properly prepared.

Freezing affects food in the same way as cooking, that is, it brings it to a state in which it is better absorbed by both humans and bacteria. In other words, cooked and thawed food spoils faster than raw food.
Milk, products prepared with milk, vegetables, poultry, various fillings are easily perishable foods that cannot be kept out of the refrigerator for a long time.

* Meals outside the schedule *

428. Be prudent.

Many young children need a snack between two meals. But between feedings, not all food can be given and not at any time, so as not to interrupt the child's appetite.
Fruit and vegetable juices, fruits are quickly and easily digested and less than all other types of food contribute to tooth decay. Milk stays in the stomach for a much longer time and therefore can kill a baby's appetite. But there are children who cannot eat enough at one time and feel hungry and tired much before the next feeding. It is better for such a child to give milk outside the schedule. Then by the next feeding he will not be too exhausted and his appetite will be better.
Between feedings, do not offer your baby cakes, pies, or sweet biscuits. They have three drawbacks: they are high in calories, poor in vitamins and other nutrients, and harmful to teeth. Even hard crackers and bread stick to the teeth for a while and are therefore not particularly suitable for this purpose.
It is best to give the child a snack in the middle between two feedings or no later than 1.5 hours before the next feeding. But even this rule has exceptions. Some children, having drunk juice between feedings, still become so hungry and angry before the next feeding that, having found a reason for the tantrum, they refuse to eat at all. If you give such a child a glass of juice as soon as he gets home from a walk (even if there are 20 minutes left before dinner), this will improve both his mood and his appetite. So, what and when to give between feedings is dictated by common sense and the needs of your child. Many children do not need to snack at all outside the schedule. In extreme cases, you can change the feeding schedule and continue to stick to it for a long time.
Some mothers complain that the child does not eat well at the table, but asks for food outside the schedule. This problem arose as a result of the mother coaxing and forcing the child to eat during the established feeding hours and, conversely, refusing to feed him between them. Persuasion only deprives the child of appetite. If this continues for several months, then one sight of the dining room is enough to make him sick. But as soon as dinner is over (although the child has eaten very little), his stomach returns to its natural state and requires food, like any healthy empty stomach. The solution to this problem is not to deny the child food at the wrong time, but to try to make the feeding procedure at the set hours so pleasant that he anticipates it with pleasure in advance. Food should be tasty and have an appetizing appearance, so that the child eats it with more pleasure than the one that is offered to him between feedings.

* Breakfasts, lunches, dinners *

429. Sample menu

Breakfast:
1) fruit or fruit juice;
2) porridge;
3) egg;
4) milk.
Lunch (or dinner):
1) meat, fish or poultry (or an additional egg);
2) vegetables (raw or boiled);
3) potatoes;
4) raw fruit (occasionally pudding);
5) milk.
Dinner (or lunch):
1) a hearty meal, for example: porridge or bread or sandwiches or potatoes or soup with crackers, croutons, pasta, vermicelli, etc. or eggs in any form with bread or (but not often) pudding, pasta;
2) vegetables or fruits, raw or cooked;
3) milk.
In addition: vitamins in concentrates - daily; fruits or juices between feedings, if needed; wholemeal bread - with every meal, if you like.

Today, pediatricians are convinced that the very first complementary foods for a healthy baby should be at the age of 6 months and consist of vegetables. We will tell you which vegetables will be most useful and safe for your child.

Why is it better to start complementary foods with vegetables, and not with fruits or cereals, as they did during our childhood? The fact is that if the first after mother’s milk a child tries fruits that taste as sweet as mother’s milk, then later it will not be easy to “persuade” him to eat anything unsweetened. And the tradition of starting complementary foods with cereals is being questioned by modern pediatrics, since cereals put a big burden on the still immature gastrointestinal tract of the baby.

So, decided, vegetables. But what? When choosing vegetables for feeding a child of the first year of life, parents need to be well prepared, because for the time being the baby should not be given everything indiscriminately. Until a child reaches the age of one, his digestive system is still immature and it simply does not produce enzymes for some difficult-to-digest foods. In addition, many foods, including vegetables, carry a high risk of allergies. Below we list the vegetables allowed for the baby, but for now let's talk about some more rules for the introduction of complementary foods.

Firstly, all vegetables offered to the baby should be thoroughly boiled (crude fiber and acids are too much for a small stomach). Secondly, they are carefully ground into a homogeneous, rather liquid puree (the consistency of liquid sour cream). Make sure that in the first mashed potatoes of the baby (before the appearance of the first teeth and in general the ability to chew - at least up to 8 - 9 months) in no case should there be lumps, even the smallest ones. Not only can the child choke, the lumps that have fallen into the stomach will be digested for a very long time and hard, since before them there was only liquid food. By the way, a thorough check for the presence of lumps is necessary not only for homemade puree, but also industrially prepared, packaged in jars. Everything is possible, and in one jar per million, as a result of a failure on the production line or some other misadventure, there may be a lump. Therefore, be sure to transfer the purchased canned purees to the baby’s plate and carefully check for uniformity.

In fact, pediatricians claim that more vitamins and microelements are preserved in homemade freshly prepared vegetable puree than in industrial canned baby food. But in some life situations (travelling, repairs, gas or electricity cuts, mom’s lack of time), jars help out a lot.

How to introduce complementary foods

Vegetables, as subsequently all new products in the child's diet, must be introduced gradually, at the initial stage for each new type, the adaptation period should be at least a week. This means that during the week you do not give the baby more than one new vegetable. So if any signs of intolerance appear (allergic reactions from the skin or a violation of the stool), you can clearly answer the question of which product caused them and know what to exclude from the further menu. In addition, the introduction of a new nutritional component is always a small "revolution" for the enzyme system of the child's body. Therefore, you need to give her time to adapt to it, having developed all the necessary “skills” for proper high-quality processing. A week is the best time for this. After its expiration, you can give a new load.

At first, all baby vegetable dishes should be monocomponent, since the presence of a mixture of vegetables in one puree greatly complicates its digestion. Vegetable mixtures can be offered to an older child, when you know exactly the list of vegetables that are well tolerated by his body. And again, the mixture, albeit from well-tolerated vegetables, should be taken as a new dish and also take at least a week to adapt it.

When choosing food for a baby in the first year of life, it is especially important to pay attention to their quality and safety. Therefore, spoiled, shriveled, sprouted, etc. vegetables should be immediately put aside. Your child needs only the freshest produce that you can be sure was not grown with nitrates, GMOs, harmful chemical fertilizers or chemicals for shipping and storage. It is at this point that store-bought canned food has an indisputable advantage - in the production of baby purees, all raw materials are carefully monitored for the presence of harmful substances, and only selected vegetables are used.

When preparing the first purees for the baby, in no case should they be seasoned with butter, milk or sour cream - this will complicate digestion, in addition, since we are talking about the initial stages of complementary foods, the baby is simply not yet ready to eat cow's milk products. Therefore, such additives in puree can provoke indigestion. You can use all these dressings when preparing meals for him when he grows up a little (after 1 - 1.5 years).

Similarly, WHO does not recommend adding salt to the food of children of the first year of life. The amount of sodium chloride sufficient for the health of a child of this age is naturally found in the vegetables themselves, and therefore the introduction of refined supplements will not benefit the baby. You should not be afraid that the baby will not taste good with unsalted vegetable purees. Understand, now his taste is different from the adult, he is much sharper, and what seems insipid to us, spoiled by the regular use of large amounts of salt and sugar, is not tasteless to him.

As for vegetable oil, adding it to the first vegetable purees can lead to indigestion. Wait, as early as 8 or 9 months of age, you will be able to butter purees and soups for your little gourmet. But for starters, baby meals consist of only one type of vegetable and water.

What vegetables can a child up to a year?

You need to start complementary foods with hypoallergenic vegetables. These are zucchini, patisson, cauliflower, turnip, light-colored pumpkin. But their low allergenic activity is an average. Every organism, especially a small one, is unique. Therefore, for products declared in the general list as the least allergenic, your child may have an individual reaction. That is why it is important not to neglect the rule to introduce no more than one new vegetable during the week.

If your child has successfully “made friends” with vegetables from this list, you can offer him something more serious: green peas, corn, green bell peppers (Belozerka variety), potatoes. Over time, you will establish a list of named vegetables that are suitable for your baby. The age of about a year allows you to combine them and add a little vegetable oil. In addition, the baby begins to develop the skill of chewing, and therefore it is already possible to offer him not only mashed potatoes, but also stews.

After the baby has mastered vegetable mixtures, the last thing they include is vegetables from the group of the most allergenic: carrots, beets, tomatoes, celery. The rules are the same: one new item per week.

Green leafy vegetables

This category of vegetables, undoubtedly beneficial for human health, is considered undesirable for a child of the first year of life. The fact is that bright green vegetables contain polyphenols and fiat. These substances bind iron and remove it from the body. Moreover, not only iron, which is part of these vegetables, but also coming from any other food. Thus, the use of leafy greens in the infant's diet can lead to a decrease in the level of hemoglobin in the blood and the development of iron deficiency anemia. Therefore, it is better not to offer spinach, parsley, dill, etc. to a baby under 3 years old.

Onion and garlic

Raw, these vegetables are very aggressive for the delicate stomach of the crumbs. Therefore, onions can be added to the soup and, thus, offered a little boiled can be somewhere in the year. You can begin to acquaint a baby with garlic no earlier than 1.5 years, and also only in a boiled form - it is too sharp for a delicate mucous membrane and can cause a chemical burn.

Modern nutritionists insist that seasonal vegetables and fruits grown in their region of residence bring the greatest benefit to a person. Therefore, what is familiar and familiar to someone (avocado for a little Moroccan), for our little compatriot is exotic, for which he may not be ready. As well as a tomato bought in a supermarket in the middle of winter is unlikely to contain many vitamins and does not contain chemical impurities (considering that it grew either in a greenhouse, or was brought from afar and stored in a warehouse for a long time). Therefore, if the introduction schedule allows you to offer your child a tomato, corn or green peas, it is better to use commercially produced canned food in winter.

Left behind the first and most significant year after the birth of your baby. Now he is a completely independent little man, scurrying around the apartment in search of an interesting activity. How cheerful and cheerful the baby is during the day depends on how much energy he acquires by eating certain foods. It is important that the nutrition of a child at 1 year old is correct.

Breast-feeding

What can you feed your baby? First of all, mother's breast milk. Breastfeeding can continue after the child is 1 year old. Most often it occurs in the morning and before bedtime. You can also feed your baby at night.

There is no reason to worry about long-term breastfeeding: mother's milk allows you to save your baby's teeth from caries, form the right bite, replenish the body with useful trace elements and strengthen immunity, especially in winter, when the risk of catching an infection is high.

Breast milk is a very important source of:

  • squirrel;
  • calcium;
  • sodium;
  • chlorine;
  • phosphorus and other trace elements.

All these substances are necessary for the normal development of bone tissue and the healthy functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

If for some reason breastfeeding had to be canceled, and the baby uses a special formula adapted to age, then after 1 year you need to switch to mixtures designed for children 1-3 years old.

They will provide the necessary nutrients to the body. The daily amount of milk or special mixtures can be 550-600 ml per day.

What foods are needed for a one-year-old baby

What can a baby eat? What foods are acceptable at his age? The regimen and nutrition of a child from 1 year old should undergo changes. The diet of the baby should be varied and balanced, especially during the period of active growth. Therefore, the question of how to feed a child after a year must be approached very seriously. Food and products offered to the baby should be healthy and meet the needs of the body.

Fruits and vegetables

It is already possible and even necessary to feed a child a year old with fruits, berries and vegetables. All these products must be fresh and of high quality. It is best if you yourself grow them in your backyard in the summer. In any case, try to purchase vegetables and fruits from a supplier or farmer known to you.

Berries, fruits and vegetables are most useful to give your baby during the season, giving preference to those grown in the area where you live. From 1 year you can eat greens.

Fresh fruits and vegetables should be present in the child's diet in the form of puree or cut into small slices. The baby can eat them raw if the fruits or vegetables are soft enough.

You can use them in processed form, for example, boiled or baked. It is best that half the norm of fruit is eaten fresh by the baby. As for vegetables, here the proportion may be less.

With caution, you need to approach the use of citrus fruits by a child, since babies are most often allergic to them. To avoid problems, it is better to postpone their introduction to complementary foods until a later time. Or try giving your baby a very small piece first and carefully observe the reaction of the body.

Cereal dishes

Porridge is an important element of the children's diet. The most useful are buckwheat and oatmeal. A one-year-old child can also eat semolina, rice, millet, corn porridge.

At the age of one year, it is better to give preference to special cereals made for babies in compliance with all norms. Usually they are consumed for breakfast, half an hour or an hour after the baby wakes up.

Soups

You can also feed a child a year with soups and broths. Very good and healthy first courses in vegetable broth. They are easy and simple to prepare, and the benefits are incredible. In addition, try to diversify your diet with pureed soups. This type of soup is most loved by kids who are not yet familiar with lumpy food.

Beverages

Juices, compotes, herbal teas the child can drink after eating. Do not forget about clean drinking water, no other drinks can replace it. Water can be boiled or thoroughly purified. Boiled water can be given to the baby as needed in unlimited quantities.

Other products

It is not recommended to eat any sweets of industrial production for a child. The most acceptable option from the sweet menu is honey, molasses, natural syrups and dried fruits. It is better to replace sugar with fructose. To sweeten porridge, it is better to use sweet fruits.

Salting dishes is also undesirable. The allowable rate for a one-year-old peanut is 1 gram per day.

From a year old, a child can be introduced to bread products. It is worth giving preference to wheat bread, but wait with rye bread for now, as it can cause fermentation processes in the intestines.

Foods that are best avoided for up to three years

What to feed a 1 year old baby? Despite the fact that the little one is no longer so small, you should not rush to introduce some foods into the child's diet. Moreover, it is better to refuse them altogether until the baby is three years old. Well, some are harmful to absolutely everyone, regardless of age.

  • mushrooms;
  • nuts;
  • any semi-finished products;
  • carbonated drinks;
  • fast food;
  • pickled and salted foods;
  • canned food;
  • smoked and fried foods;
  • shop desserts;
  • seasonings and spices;
  • coffee and cocoa.

It is necessary to mention the products that need to be approached with caution.

In addition to the citrus fruits we have already talked about, these are:

  • grapes, which enhances fermentation processes and gives an excess of carbohydrates;
  • raw cabbage, which can cause bloating and colic;
  • honey, pineapples, strawberries, kiwi can cause allergies;
  • dried fruits;
  • any vitamin and mineral complexes (if the pediatrician has not prescribed them to the child).

Daily food intake

The volume of the stomach of a one-year-old child is approximately 250 milliliters. This must be taken into account in the portion size. One meal cannot exceed this volume.

The optimal diet for a child at 1 year old is eating 4 times a day. Breaks between feedings should be at least 3.5 hours.

The daily volume of food for children under one and a half years old is 1000-1200 ml. It is recommended to distribute it throughout the day as follows:

  • a quarter is eaten at breakfast;
  • 35% is allocated at lunchtime;
  • 15% the child eats during the afternoon snack;
  • dinner is 25% of the total.

Pedagogical complementary food

Today, many have become aware of such a thing as pedagogical complementary foods. This is not at all the introduction of complementary foods according to strict standards.

Pedagogical complementary foods are a technique by which children are allowed to taste food from their parents' plate. At the same time, it is important that mom and dad eat healthy food. The child, gradually trying "adult food", gradually gets used to it, and the transfer to the common table occurs smoothly and harmoniously.

We start to chew

By the age of one, the baby has already managed to acquire 6-8 teeth, which means that now he is able to chew small pieces of food himself. No one is rushing you to give up vegetable and fruit purees, they can also be consumed. However, you should not delay the intake of solid food. The chewing process allows the jaw apparatus to form correctly, affects the development of the correct bite and prepares the baby for “adulthood”.

The process of eating a one-year-old child is an entertaining sight. The little discoverer now and then tries to take away the spoon from his mother and wants to continue to act on his own. Children at the age of one year can eat with their hands, learn to drink from a mug, “feed” their parents or a toy.

Often feeding a child turns into pampering. To prevent this from happening, you can use some tips:

  • Forcing a child to eat if he does not want it at all is not a good idea. Let him play. Hungry, he himself will come running to the kitchen and eat with pleasure.
  • You should not rush when feeding, let the baby take food at a pace convenient for him.
  • Joint dinners, lunches and breakfasts will not only serve as a good way to unite the family, but can also become a good tradition. Moreover, the child will follow the example of adults and try to behave at the table correctly.
  • A beautifully designed dish is eaten by the baby with greater willingness. Therefore, you can use your imagination and present your baby with familiar dishes in an unusual form.

In order for the baby to be healthy, cheerful and cheerful, you need to listen to several useful recommendations for organizing the nutrition of a 1-year-old baby:

  • Every day, meals should be taken at the same time. A stable feeding regime for a child at 1 year old will ensure the smooth operation of the entire digestive system. It is permissible to deviate from the established schedule within half an hour.
  • Nutrition in the year of the child should be organized taking into account individual needs, then you will not have to make an effort to feed the stubborn baby and “push” a spoon with unloved porridge into your child’s mouth.
  • The introduction of any new foods into the diet of a child at 1 year of age should be started gradually, starting with a small dose. In this case, it is important to monitor the reaction of the child's body.
  • Products intended for the child must be fresh. It is also undesirable to reheat children's dishes.
  • Proper nutrition for the whole family will allow the baby to enjoy right from your plate. The result: a healthy family and no need to prepare the child separately from the rest of the household.

Seeing your children happy is the dream of every parent. Remember that their health is in your hands. It may be worth pampering children, but certainly not through catering. The key to good health is proper and balanced nutrition of children and parents.

According to pediatricians, the introduction of complementary foods should begin with vegetable purees - they have a balanced composition of nutrients, organic acids and mineral salts, and also contain plant fibers that are beneficial for the intestines. From about 6 months, the baby is able to perfectly absorb plant fiber, which has a beneficial effect on digestion and prevents constipation. During this period, young mothers need to learn everything about what vegetables can be given to a child during the first year of life and how to properly introduce vegetable complementary foods. And for those who do not want or are not able to feed their baby with vegetable baby food, you should also learn how to make vegetable puree for your child at home.

How to introduce vegetables into the child's diet?

It is recommended to feed the baby with vegetable purees no earlier than at 5-6 months. An exception may be formula-fed children who are not gaining weight well. Such babies begin to introduce complementary foods earlier, from about four months. However, before introducing the baby to new products, you should always consult with a pediatrician, who should assess the child's readiness for the introduction of complementary foods.

Some mothers begin the introduction of complementary foods not with vegetable, but with fruit purees. This makes sense, as fruits contain less plant fiber than vegetables and are better chopped. However, it will not be easy to introduce vegetable purees into the baby's diet in this case: often the child does not eat vegetables precisely because he has already tasted sweet fruit purees. After them, lean one-component vegetable purees are unlikely to be to the taste of the crumbs.

What vegetables can be given to a child as a first meal? In the first place in the list of allowed vegetables is zucchini. It does not have a too sharp or specific taste and smell, is easily digested and, unlike other vegetables, rarely causes digestive disorders or allergic reactions. After zucchini, vegetable purees from broccoli and cauliflower can be introduced into the child's diet. These vegetables are also easy to digest: they have a delicate fiber structure, are low allergenic and quite nutritious.

Then potatoes, peas, green peppers are introduced into the child's diet. Lastly, the baby is introduced to vegetables such as pumpkin, carrots, beets, white cabbage, tomatoes, celery.

The basic rules for the introduction of complementary foods in the form of vegetables are as follows:

  • on the first day, the child should be given one teaspoon of mashed potatoes made from one vegetable;
  • the next day, the portion of mashed potatoes should be increased to two tablespoons;
  • within 7–10 days, it is necessary to increase the number of servings to a volume that completely replaces one milk feeding;
  • within a week, the child should get used to the full volume of the first vegetable puree, after which a small amount of a new vegetable is added to its composition;
  • the child should get used to each new component of vegetable puree for at least a week.

When choosing which vegetables can be given to a child, carefully monitor the reaction of the child's body. If, after eating any new vegetable, the baby experiences frequent regurgitation, bloating, frequent stools, or pathological impurities in it (“greens”, blood streaks, water, mucus, foam), the introduction of complementary foods should be suspended and postponed for 2-3 weeks .

How to cook vegetable puree for a child?

Preparing vegetable puree for the first complementary foods is quite simple. You can use a blender or a plastic sieve to chop vegetables. The steps for preparing vegetable puree for a child are as follows:

  • thoroughly wash the vegetable, peel, wash again and pour over with boiling water;
  • cut the vegetable into small pieces and boil (in a slow cooker, double boiler or pot of water);
  • Wipe the finished vegetable to the desired consistency and dilute with a little water.

In order to preserve the maximum amount of valuable substances in the pulp, vegetables should be placed in a pot of boiling water. For each feeding, a fresh portion of vegetable puree should be prepared. You can feed them to the child immediately after it cools down.

In vegetable puree for a child at 4 months, instead of water, you can add an adapted milk mixture. If the child does not eat vegetables, salt or sugar should not be added to the puree.

In vegetable puree for a child at 6 months old, who is not gaining weight well, you can add a small amount of butter or vegetable oil, which significantly increase the calorie content of the dish.

If you have even the slightest doubt about the benefits of the gifts of nature, read the article: are vegetables good for children, it will once again help dispel doubts. And today we will talk about what vegetables can be given to a child, because there is a long winter ahead and their choice will be a little limited. Yes, and there are much fewer vitamins with minerals in “winter” vegetables, so you need to know which ones will be most useful.

Potato. The first association that occurs in the mind of most people is starch. But is that all? Potatoes also contain vitamins C, PP, K, group B, as well as potassium. Moreover, for diseases such as anemia in children or joint problems, the doctor may recommend sticking to the potato diet. In addition, the root crop helps to strengthen the cardiovascular system and normalize the acid-base balance.

Carrot. In winter, it becomes an indispensable source of vitamin A, which is extremely important for the full development of vision. By the way, it also stimulates growth in children. In addition, it is recommended to eat carrots to establish the full functioning of the liver, kidneys and cardiovascular system, as well as to improve the condition of the skin and mucous membranes.

Beet. Contains acids and proteins important for a growing organism. True, there are few vitamins in it, but this is more than compensated by minerals: potassium, magnesium, iron, copper, manganese, iodine and zinc. It has a positive effect on metabolism, hematopoiesis and intestinal function.

Onion. It is rightfully considered a medicinal product. Provides the body with a complex of sugars, enzymes, essential oils, calcium and phosphorus salts, insulin, flavonoids, as well as vitamins A, C, group B. Let us remind you once again that onions have a detrimental effect on pathogenic microbes and fungi, and enhance immunity.

Cabbage. A distinctive feature of this vegetable is the ability to retain vitamin C for a long time (about 7-8 months with virtually no loss). If you want your child to get more potassium, phosphorus and iron, then give preference to Brussels sprouts. White cabbage will be a good source of potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and sulfur. And broccoli has no equal in the content of calcium and vitamins of group B. We also recall that cabbage is useful for the full functioning of the nervous system and proper metabolism.

Pumpkin. Contains a lot of salts of copper, iron and phosphorus, but this is not the main thing. Pumpkin is one of those rare vegetables that contain vitamin D. Due to its special composition, it is extremely useful for strengthening bones and teeth, as well as improving liver function. Interestingly, even weakened children easily digest pumpkin dishes, making this vegetable ideal for organizing therapeutic or preventive nutrition.

As you can see, each vegetable is useful and necessary for the child's body in its own way. So the question is: ' is not well worded. In principle, all of them are useful and complement each other, another thing is that you need to introduce them each at your own time and not overdo it with the quantity. Read more about this in the article about vegetable complementary foods.