Pregnant urine color. Dark urine during pregnancy

During pregnancy, a woman's body undergoes significant changes. This does not pass without a trace, and many of the symptoms make expectant mothers seriously alarmed. Most of them are completely normal and do not pose a danger, but there are serious cases. The same is observed with those who have found themselves with darkening of the urine. But before you give in to empty anxiety, you should determine whether this is related to pregnancy and whether it can have any consequences.

General information

The composition of urine largely reflects the work of the body - the functioning of various metabolic processes and biochemical systems. The substances in it are metabolites that are no longer needed, and therefore are subject to excretion. Some of them, for example, urochromes, provide urine with a natural color - straw yellow. Normally, their number is small - about 75 mg in a daily volume. But there are even fewer other pigments, which is why urine has this color. And if other substances appear in its composition, then the color may change.

Despite the fact that during pregnancy the course of many processes changes, the composition of urine remains unchanged. Macroscopic indicators, including color, should also be at the same level. Therefore, the appearance of a different color should be the reason for finding out the cause.

Causes

Dark urine does not necessarily indicate any disorders in the body. During pregnancy, most often we are talking about functional changes due to the following factors:

• The use of certain products.
• Drinking small amounts of liquid.
• Reception of vitamin and mineral complexes.

These causes are ubiquitous, but they are easily eliminated and do not indicate any pathology. The color of urine will quickly recover, which means that a woman can be calm and not worry about a possible deterioration in her condition. But in some cases, fears are still justified, since dark urine is also a sign of certain diseases:

• Hepatitis, cirrhosis, cholelithiasis, cholestasis of pregnancy.
• Pyelonephritis.
• hemolytic anemia.
• Dehydration.

Each pathology is associated with varying degrees of danger to the body of a woman and the fetus, and therefore requires high-quality and timely detection.

The reasons due to which urine darkens in pregnant women combine both functional conditions and rather serious diseases.

Symptoms

The basis for making a diagnosis is the clinical picture. Any doctor will first conduct a survey and examination, and then refer the patient for additional examination. From the complaints, you can find out how long the changes in the urine are observed, how pronounced they are, and whether there is a connection with external factors. Associated complaints (if any) are identified and detailed. Depending on the origin of the changes, the color of the urine may be:

• Dark yellow or orange.
• Brown or dark brown.
• Yellow or brown-green.
• Black.

Only one symptom - the color of urine - is difficult to establish the cause, so the doctor takes into account the complex of factors and signs that a woman has.

Functional changes

Dealing with the problem of dark urine, first of all, you need to exclude or confirm (which is preferable) the functional nature of the changes. You need to understand that even normal urine can have a more saturated color, for example, a morning portion. At night, the concentration of dissolved substances increases, as water is partially absorbed by the mucous membrane of the bladder. In this case, the urine acquires a dark yellow color. The same thing happens with insufficient fluid intake, which is not uncommon in pregnant women with edema.

Brown coloration is possible after eating certain foods, such as legumes, beef, strong tea. The same color of urine will be in women who use sulfonamides or activated charcoal. Orange urine is observed if you lean on carrots and pumpkin or get carried away with multivitamin complexes for pregnant women.

Diseases of the liver and biliary tract

Since urochromes are formed in the chain of bilirubin transformations, their increase in urine, and hence the darker color of this fluid, is observed in diseases of the organs involved in pigment metabolism. Dark brown or brown-green color appears with parenchymal or obstructive jaundice, when the content of predominantly direct bilirubin in the blood rises. This is observed in such well-known diseases as hepatitis, cirrhosis, cholelithiasis, and can be manifested by the following symptoms:

• Decreased appetite.
• Nausea.
• Pain (heaviness) in the right hypochondrium.
• Jaundice.
• Skin itching.
• Darkening of the urine.
• Lightening of feces.

Similar signs are also characteristic of such a condition associated with the bearing of a child as cholestasis of pregnant women. As a rule, it occurs in the third trimester, is caused by endocrine changes in the body and completely disappears after childbirth.

Violation of the function of the hepatobiliary system is observed both in inflammatory-obstructive processes and as a result of endocrine changes in the body of a pregnant woman.

Pyelonephritis

A change in the color of urine is a common sign of an inflammatory process in the urinary system, in particular, pyelonephritis. Kidney damage is facilitated by impaired urodynamics, an increased risk of ascending infection, and the effect of an enlarged uterus, which is especially noticeable in late pregnancy. Therefore, along with the dark color of urine, a woman may notice:

• Aching pains in the lumbar region.
• Frequent urination.
• Turbidity of urine.
• Temperature increase.

Most likely, the woman had pyelonephritis even before pregnancy, and during this period it only worsened. However, it can initiate chronic kidney disease, which often ends in failure.

Hemolytic anemia

The color of urine becomes dark or almost black when hemoglobin enters it. This occurs during the destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis) and is due to both external factors (toxic substances) and internal factors: the formation of autoantibodies, a violation of the normal structure of blood cells. Such anemia is accompanied by the following symptoms:

• Paleness of the skin with a lemon-yellow tint.
• Enlargement of the liver and spleen.
• Dark stools and urine.
• Fever and chills.

Similar signs can also be observed when myoglobin enters the urine, which occurs due to the destruction of muscle tissue (for example, crush syndrome). Like hemolytic anemia, it eventually leads to kidney failure.

Dehydration

Dark urine during pregnancy can also appear as a result of dehydration, i.e. loss of fluid. This is observed in various infectious diseases with vomiting and diarrhea, as well as after extensive burns. Urine in such patients becomes more concentrated, other symptoms appear:

• Decreased skin turgor.
• Dizziness.
• Pressure drop.
• Cardiopalmus.
• General weakness.

Dehydration can also be accompanied by early toxicosis - vomiting of pregnant women, if it becomes almost constant. This negatively affects not only the general condition of the woman, but also worsens the performance of the fetus.

Dark urine during dehydration is a natural sign indicating a decrease in fluid in the body.

Additional diagnostics

To find out the cause of the changed color of urine, a woman should undergo an additional examination. Based on the alleged diagnosis, the doctor prescribes the following measures:

• General analysis of blood and urine.
• Blood biochemistry (bilirubin, creatinine and urea, electrolytes, antibodies to erythrocytes, etc.).
• Urinalysis according to Nechiporenko and Zimnitsky.
• Ultrasound of the abdominal organs and kidneys.

This will allow you to get a complete picture of changes in the body and establish an accurate diagnosis, on the basis of which all therapeutic measures are carried out. But the main thing that a pregnant woman should remember is not to neglect caution and consult a doctor in time.

It is necessary to give urine for laboratory tests during pregnancy systematically. What caused increased attention to the properties of urine when carrying a child, is it possible to draw conclusions about the course of pregnancy and what color should urine be based on the intensity of staining, transparency?

Urine color during pregnancy

The urinary system at this time is experiencing overload due to the increased volume of the filtered fluid, as well as due to the physical squeezing of the internal organs by the growing uterus. This disrupts the activity of the kidneys, liver, causes compression of the biliary tract, gallbladder, which is manifested by darkening of the urine.

The color of urine during pregnancy can change, quickly returning to normal. Such phenomena should not frighten women, they are the result of natural changes occurring in the body.

The intensity of urine staining directly depends on the amount of liquid drunk the day before. What color should it be and is it normal if it changes? So, morning urine is somewhat brighter, as it is more concentrated due to the long absence of urination during a night's sleep.

The color is influenced by the nature of the food eaten the day before, medication, the use of vitamin complexes. A common cause of urine discoloration during pregnancy is taking large amounts of folic acid, which causes urine to turn orange.

However, a change in the shade of urine can be caused by a developing disease, which poses a threat to pregnancy.

Norm

The color of urine depends on the concentration of urochrome pigments, urobilin, uroerythrin, urates. The intensity of the color depends on the amount of liquid drunk - the daily volume of liquid.

The transparency of urine depends on the presence of mucus in it, blood cells - erythrocytes, leukocytes.

During pregnancy, urine changes color in a wide range: from straw yellow to yellow. It should not be cloudy, contain inclusions in the form of flakes, sediment.

Changing the color of urine at different stages of pregnancy may have its own reasons.

1. In the 1st trimester, in the early stages, the characteristics of urine are affected by a phenomenon such as toxicosis, which causes vomiting, which leads to dehydration. The lack of fluid in the body leads to the concentration of salts, causes darkening.
2. In the last weeks of pregnancy, the dark color of the urine, the change in its transparency, we can conclude that progressive preeclampsia, and the presence of protein - about inflammation.

On the video about the effect of pregnancy on the kidneys and changes in the body:

Causes of color change

The color of urine serves as a diagnostic feature, and also characterizes the type of food eaten the day before. So, eaten beets will make urine red, rhubarb will give a greenish tint, and carrots will paint urine orange.

If the color change lasts 1-2 days, then this phenomenon should not be given much importance. It is possible to talk about the diagnostic value of a change in the color of urine if the unusual color does not disappear for several days.

Urine brightens in diabetes, including severe discoloration in gestational diabetes that develops in the second half of pregnancy.

Gestational diabetes is a temporary condition of the body, in most women after childbirth it completely disappears. But this condition causes intense thirst, which forces the woman to increase the amount of fluid she drinks.

The result of drinking a large volume of liquid is a strong dilution and discoloration of urine.

More dangerous is another condition that urine discoloration indicates - kidney failure. A particularly high risk of this disease is noted in women suffering from kidney disease.

Dark

The presence of bile pigments gives the brownish, greenish color to the urine. This may indicate liver disease or problems with the gallbladder.

Cholelithiasis is accompanied by staining of urine in a lemon color. A greenish-yellow hue may indicate a purulent process in the urinary system.

A greenish or even bluish color of urine indicates purulent processes in the intestines. A similar discoloration may also indicate gestational pyelonephritis, which develops in pregnant women.

Darkening of urine with edema is characteristic of gestosis - the state of "late toxicosis" during pregnancy, when the functionality of the kidneys decreases:

• in combination with frequent urge to the toilet, painful urination is observed in venereal diseases.
• Dark color with a brown tint occurs with hemolytic anemia.
• Melanosarcoma, alkaptonuria are accompanied by black staining of urine.
• Blackening of the urine is caused by the appearance in the urine of the breakdown products of muscle protein (myoglobinuria).

On the other hand, the dark color of urine may have a completely safe explanation:

• eaten the day before in large quantities beef, legumes, drinking strong tea;
• taking antibiotics cephalosporins, sulfonamides, metronidazole.

In the photo, dark shades of urine indicate pathology

Pink

An admixture of blood stains urine pink in inflammatory diseases of the urinary system. As the concentration of erythrocytes in urine increases, the intensity of staining increases, acquiring a red tint.

The pink shade of urine sometimes serves as a manifestation of endometriosis - a disease that rarely progresses during pregnancy, but in some conditions is dangerous to the fetus.

Pink urine can occur when taking drugs such as aspirin, and if you take amidopyrine, the urine will turn reddish.

Orange (bright yellow)

The yellow tint intensifies with an increase in the content of uric acid. This phenomenon is observed during dehydration. In the morning, a similar shade may indicate changes in the hormonal background, an increase in the concentration of antidiuretic hormone.

Orange urine can mean a complication of pregnancy with preeclampsia. But, on the other hand, you should not immediately be afraid. A similar staining in orange occurs after eating raspberries, pumpkins, oranges, persimmons, sea buckthorn, sorrel, celery.

In addition, drugs Warfarin, Phenylphthalein, Rifampicin, Phenazopyridine, drugs containing nitrofuran, Uropirin, Sulfasalazine affect the color of urine, giving it a bright orange tint.

Red

Urine acquires a red tint with an increase in the concentration of urate pigments:

• Purple-bright color with a strong odor occurs in urine at the stage of severe destruction of the liver.
• Urine takes on the color of meat slops when red blood cells appear in the urine (hematuria).
• Staining in red causes cystitis, urolithiasis, lead anemia, acute glomerulonephritis.
• Red urine in women indicates the likelihood of a kidney tumor, bleeding in the excretory system associated with injury to the kidney, rupture of the bladder.

Cause of red urine

Turbid

A change in the transparency of urine during pregnancy occurs when bacteria enter the genitourinary system. It becomes cloudy, urine becomes whitish with leukocytosis, which accompanies inflammation caused by urethritis, cystitis.

White opaque urine is characteristic of purulent inflammatory diseases, indicates the presence of leukocytes and fat in the blood. When urine acquires the color of milk, this indicates the appearance of an admixture of lymphocytes in it.

Cloudy urine indicates the presence of a large amount of mucus, which is also characteristic of inflammatory diseases. Phosphates, tripelphosphates in the urine give it a whitish tint.

What to do if the color of urine has changed

If the color of urine has changed, there is no need to panic in any case, you need to:

• make some adjustments to your usual diet, reduce the amount of salt in dishes;
• give up bad habits - completely eliminate alcohol, smoking;
• increase the amount of fluid consumed;
• adhere to a healthy lifestyle - go for a walk more often, do exercises;
• be sure to visit a gynecologist and fully follow his recommendations.

In the early stages of pregnancy, urates, oxalates can be detected in the urine of a woman, staining the urine in a pinkish, orange color. It is not particularly worth worrying about this, but you should still see a doctor and find out the reason for the discoloration in order to exclude any possible health risks.

Color of normal urine- yellow or light yellow, sometimes - rich yellow - depends on the content of pigments: urochromes, uroerythrin, urobilin, hematoporphyrin, urorosein and other substances formed from blood pigments. The saturation of the color of urine normally depends on its concentration: the greater the specific gravity of the urine, the more intense its color. In newborns at the age of 3-4 days, and sometimes up to 2 weeks, a reddish tint of urine color is noted due to the high content of uric acid in it. Later, in children with natural feeding, urine due to the low concentration ability has a pale yellow color. So, for example, the color of urine during pregnancy, according to practice, should normally be straw-yellow in various shades. The main thing is that the urine should not be cloudy: if there are any sediments, flakes in it, this can already raise suspicions of deviations in the health of the expectant mother. But even considering that urine in pregnant women should be yellow, it can change under the influence of some factors. So, for example, some foods, such as beets, strawberries, blackberries, can change the color of urine to pinkish. Taking certain vitamins turns urine bright yellow. But if the color of urine changes in the absence of coloring products, this may serve as a signal for additional tests.
During pregnancy, the color of urine does not change - it should remain the same. Therefore, any changes have the right to alert a woman and make her pay attention to herself. But not always, so do not rush to worry. Dark urine during pregnancy does not necessarily indicate a disease. Temporary darkening of the urine, which disappears after a day or two, is not dangerous and does not require any treatment. And that is exactly what happens in most cases.

INnormcolorurine yellow, it is determined by the concentration of substances dissolved in the urine. With polyuria, the dilution is greater, so the color of the urine is lighter, with a decrease in diuresis, the color of the urine is a rich yellow hue. The very fact of pregnancy does not affect the color of urine.

Dark yellow urine observed with congestive kidney, edema, burns, diarrhea, vomiting, toxicosis, febrile conditions and is associated with an increase in the concentration of dyes.

Pale yellow urine observed in conditions leading to polyuria (diabetes and diabetes insipidus, renal glucosuria, renal failure) and a decrease in the concentration of coloring pigments.

Dark brown urine in hemolytic anemia due to urobilinogenuria.

Black urine observed in a number of pathological conditions. In acute hemolytic kidney, it is due to hemoglobinuria, in melanosarcoma - melanin, in alcaptonuria - homogentisic acid.

Red urine due to either the admixture of fresh blood (nephrolithiasis, kidney infarction), or uroporphyrinuria (lead anemia).

If there is altered blood in the urine, there is urine in the form of "meat slops", what is observed in acute glomerulonephritis and exacerbation of chronic glomerulonephritis.

"beer" color, or greenish-brown urine observed in parenchymal jaundice, the cause of which is the presence in the urine of bile pigments - bilirubin and urobilinogen. In this case, the foam formed when the urine is agitated turns greenish. When coloring urine, suspicious for the presence of bile pigments, but depending on other reasons (most often of medicinal origin), the foam does not turn greenish.

Greenish-yellowish urine observed with obstructive jaundice (bilirubinuria).

whitish color of urine may be due to lipuria, the presence of pus, phosphate crystals (occurs with fatty degeneration and decay of renal tissue), milky color- chyluria (with renal lymphostasis).

Determining the color of urine

Fine urine color varies from pale to bright yellow, as a result of the presence of a pigment called urochrome, the color also depends on whether the urine is concentrated or liquid.

urine color may not always be common. Vitamins can change the color of urine to bright green, carrot color can turn it orange. Porphyria is a disease that affects the skin and nervous system, it changes the color of urine to the color of wine.

Most changes urine color is temporary and does not cause serious consequences, develops as a result of the use of certain foods, dyes or drugs. Sometimes, however, changes in urine color can indicate an infection or other serious illness. Tell your doctor about changes urine color that do not seem to be related to food or medication. The state of pregnancy does not affect the color of the urine. She is still the same transparent straw.

Symptoms when changing the color of urine

urine color varies depending on how much fluid you drink. Yellow pigments are dissolved in the liquid, so the more you drink, the lighter your urine becomes. When you drink less, the color of your urine becomes more concentrated, severe dehydration can lead to amber-colored urine.

Sometimes urine can take on a color that is far from normal, such as being red, green, blue, dark brown, and white. The color of urine during pregnancy should normally practically not differ from the analysis of a non-pregnant woman.

Symptoms of urinary infections

Majority color changes are not accompanied by pain and pass without other symptoms. If the change in urine color is due to a urinary tract infection, you may have:

• a strong, constant urge to urinate
• frequent urination
• fever, chills, sweating
• abdominal pain
• strong urine odor (normal urine should be odorless or have little or no odor)

When to see a doctor:

• if you have visible blood in your urine
• if you have a change in the color of your urine that is not related to the intake of food, medicines, supplements and dyes.
• if the color of your urine is dark brown, especially if your stools are light in color and the sclera of your eyes and skin are yellow, which indicates a serious problem with your liver. In this case, you urgently need medical attention.

Reasons for changing the color of urine

Urine is made up of excess water and waste products that are filtered from your blood by the kidneys. The yellow color of urine is due to the presence of urochrome, a pigment produced by the breakdown of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in red blood cells.

Urine discoloration often caused by drugs, certain foods, and food coloring. For example, dyes used in small amounts in sweets can be found in the urine of children. In some cases, however, changes in urine color can be caused by health problems.

Conditions that can lead to discoloration of urine:

Red or pink urine

Although alarming when this condition occurs, the appearance of red urine is not necessarily associated with serious problems. Causes of this condition include:

1. Blood. The presence of erythrocytes is the main reason for the red color of urine. Usually bleeding is not serious and occurs without accompanying symptoms. Factors that can cause blood in the urine, medically called hematuria, include urinary tract infections, prostate enlargement, kidney or bladder stones, kidney disease, and sometimes kidney or bladder cancer.
2. Food. Beets, blackberries, and rhubarb pie can make urine red or pink.
3. Medications. Some herbal laxatives. Prescription drugs may have the same effect, including antipsychotics (chlorpromazine, thioridazine, the anesthetic propofol (Diprivan)
4. toxins

Chronic lead and mercury intoxication can cause the urine to turn red. This may be the result of high levels of porphyrins, the same pigments that discolour the urine of people who have porphyria.

Orange colored urine

Causes that can cause orange-colored urine

• food products and additives. Most often it is vitamin C and carrots, carrot juice. The large amount of carotene, the orange pigment in carrots and other vegetables, also changes the color of your soles and palms.
• medicines that can make urine orange: antibiotics (rifampicin), warfarin (coumadin), phenazopyridine (pyridine), certain laxatives, and chemotherapy drugs.
• dehydration. Drinking too little liquid can lead to the formation of concentrated urine containing urochrome.

Blue and green urine

• food. Asparagus can give urine a greenish tint and a characteristic odor.
• medications. Many medications cause blue urine, including amitriptyline, methindol (Indocin), Tagamet, the antiemetic drug fenegran, and some multivitamins. The dyes used in some pain medications (urised) can cause urine to turn blue.
• diseases. Familial hypercalcemia, a rare hereditary disorder that causes high levels of calcium in the blood, is sometimes called "blue syndrome" because children with the disorder have blue urine.

Urine dark brown or tea color.

• Food Eating large amounts of beans, rhubarb, aloe can cause dark brown urine.
• medicines. Many drugs can darken urine color, including the antimalarial drugs chloroquine and primaquine, the antibiotic metronidazole, nitrofurantoin, which are used to treat urinary tract infections, laxatives containing cascara or hay, and metoclopramide.
• medical problems. Liver dysfunction, especially hepatitis and cirrhosis, a rare hereditary disease called tyrosinemia, can cause dark brown urine. Also acute glomerulonephritis, kidney disease, in which the ability of the kidney to remove excess fluid and waste is impaired.

Cloudy or dark urine

Urinary tract infections or kidney stones can make urine dark or cloudy.

Risk factors

Eating foods that can affect the color of urine, such as berries, asparagus, rhubarb, taking certain medications, changes in urine color will not harm you. The reaction of your body to these products depends on the amount of food and medicine consumed, as well as on the characteristics of your metabolism.

Factors related to medical problems that may accompany changes in urine color:

• age. Many men over 50 may have blood in their urine due to prostate adenoma.
• floor. More than half of women have a recurrent urinary tract infection, in which there is an admixture of blood in the urine. In men, this condition is likely to be associated with bladder or kidney stones.
• recent infection. Inflammatory changes in the kidney after a bacterial or viral infection (post-infectious glomerulonephritis) is one of the common causes of blood in the urine in children.
• family history. A family history of kidney disease increases the likelihood of these problems in relatives. These conditions can cause the presence of blood in the urine.
• strenuous physical activity. This is one of the leading causes of blood in the urine. Long-distance runners can often have blood in their urine, and this can happen to anyone who does intense physical activity.

Preparing for your treatment

You will probably contact your family doctor or general practitioner first. However, in some cases, you may want to see a doctor who specializes in urinary tract disorders (urologist) initially.

Here is some information to help you prepare for your appointment with the Doctor:

• you should be aware of any restrictions. When you go to the doctor, be sure to follow all restrictions before having diagnostic tests.

Here is some information to help you prepare for your appointment, and what to expect from your doctor:

What can you do:

• be informed of the necessary restrictions. Before visiting your doctor, find out how to prepare for possible diagnostic tests.
• write down any symptoms, even those that may seem unrelated to the reason for your visit.
• make a list of key medical information, including any other medical conditions you are being treated for, any medications, supplements, vitamins you are taking.
• make a list of questions you want to ask your doctor. Take paper and a pen with you to write down the necessary information.

There are several basic questions that are usually asked when changing the color of urine:

• What are the possible causes of my symptoms?
• What research do I need? Do these studies require any special preparation?
• Are my symptoms temporary?
• Will I need treatment?
• What treatments are available?
• Do you have any brochures or other printed material that I can take with me? What websites do you recommend visiting?

You can also ask questions during the consultation if you do not understand something.

What will interest your doctor?

The doctor will probably ask you questions. Be prepared to answer them to leave more time for the points you want to discuss.

The doctor may ask:

• What color is your urine?
• Do you have blood in your urine or blood clots?
• When did you first notice the change in urine color?
• Does this happen constantly or intermittently?
• Does your urine have an unusual smell?
• Do you have frequent or less frequent urination?
• Do you have pain when urinating?
• What other symptoms do you have?
• How has your appetite changed?
• Do you feel more thirsty than usual?
• Have you had problems with urination before?
• Do you have allergies?
• What medications do you take?

Research and diagnostics

In addition to your medical history and physical examination, your doctor may order additional tests for you, including:

• Analysis of urine. A urinalysis is the first step in the examination. With this examination, you can find an admixture of erythrocytes, an increase in protein levels, which may indicate a violation of the excretion of metabolic products, which can lead to stone formation. Your urine is also tested for bacteria or infection.
• blood analysis. It is prescribed to determine the level of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen - waste products that are in your bloodstream when kidney function is impaired. In this study, an increase in the level of liver enzymes, diabetes mellitus can also be detected.
• other research. You may have other tests depending on the results of your medical history, physical examination, urinalysis. The most common reason for continuing further investigation is the presence of red blood cells in the urine.

During pregnancy, a woman should regularly take various tests. Several times during the pregnancy, she takes a urine test, and involuntarily becomes worried if the color of the urine has changed. It is a sign that the color of urine during pregnancy becomes bright with a girl, and during pregnancy with a boy, urine is dark - it does not mean anything, because it all depends on how much liquid you drink. Often during pregnancy, bright yellow or orange urine is observed, which is associated with the regular use of vitamins.

Treatment and medicines

If there is no definite treatment for the color of the urine, the doctor will prescribe you a treatment aimed at eliminating the cause.

Lifestyle and regimen

When you are dehydrated, your urine becomes more concentrated and dark in color. If you notice this, then you need to increase your fluid intake. Make sure you drink enough fluid every day to keep you healthy.

Prevention

It is necessary to prevent changes in the color of urine caused by vitamin supplements, drugs, foods.

To prevent diseases that can cause urine color changes, you may need to do the following to reduce your risk.

Urinary tract infections

Measures to prevent urinary tract infections:

• drink more liquid
• urinate when you feel the urge to urinate and immediately after sexual intercourse.
• wiping after urination from front to back.

kidney stones

Measures to prevent kidney stones:

• drink more liquid
• limit your intake of salt, protein, foods such as spinach and rhubarb.

Kidney and bladder cancer

Measures to prevent kidney and bladder cancer:

• quit smoking
• avoid exposure to toxic chemicals
• drink more liquid
• maintain a healthy weight, eat healthy foods, and exercise.

Pregnancy urine color- this is the indicator by which a woman can make an independent assessment. Another such indicator that is visible to the naked eye is the daily rate of urine: during pregnancy, it is approximately 800-1500 milliliters. But the rest of the indicators will already be measured in the laboratory, after the delivery of pregnant urine for analysis. Thus, the doctor receives a detailed and detailed study of the characteristics that will either confirm the norm or indicate deviations.

Urine from pregnant women is studied for the presence of bacteria and fungi in it: if they were still found in the urine, there is reason to talk about the presence of urinary tract infections or kidney diseases in the expectant mother. A small amount of salt in the urine is allowed, but only a small amount: a sufficient increase may indicate kidney stones.

The study of urine in pregnant women becomes an important condition for determining the normal development of pregnancy and the absence of danger to the fetus due to maternal illness. By analyzing the indicators characteristic of the urine of a pregnant woman, the doctor can determine this disease in time and protect the woman from its development, and therefore, protect the fetus. That is why urine analysis is so important during pregnancy, which is why it must be taken regularly and observing all the conditions for urine sampling.

When a woman has a baby in her stomach, her body works to the limit of its capabilities. That is why the close observation of doctors over the condition of the pregnant woman is the key to the birth of a healthy and strong little man. After the pregnancy test shows two long-awaited strips, the expectant mother will pass more than one blood and urine test - this is a regular procedure during the period of bearing the crumbs. Data on the health status of the mother and her baby is obtained in a laboratory. However, a woman is able to evaluate some indicators on her own. What interesting information can be gleaned from the color of urine during pregnancy?

The expectant mother should make it a rule to constantly pay attention to the shade of urine. Sometimes a cardinal change in the color of urine can directly indicate health problems! Some conditions and illnesses require prompt resolution in order to protect the child from possible complications.

In a healthy person, regardless of gender, the shade of urine changes during the day. It depends on the constant renewal of the composition of the blood, when new red blood cells (erythrocytes) are formed, and old ones break down, releasing hemoglobin. Iron is recycled in the body, while the rest of the decay products are "digested" and neutralized by the liver. Among these substances there are also hemoglobin pigments, as a result of the destruction of which the coloring particles of urolibin and urochromes are released. They give the urine all shades of yellow.

Naturally, during pregnancy, the color of urine also changes. All shades of yellow are considered the norm - from pale straw to rich mustard. If we talk about the general (clinical) analysis of urine, then the first indicator that interests doctors before the rest is the color, certain shades of which sometimes turn into eloquent symptoms of certain diseases. Look at the photo: the color of urine during pregnancy in different women varies dramatically, but this does not always indicate any pathology.

Factors that change the shade of urine in a pregnant woman

The color of a woman's urine in a position is influenced not only by physiological processes related to blood processing, but also by other factors. Here are some of them:

• taking medicines and multivitamin complexes;
• the presence of certain products on the plate of the expectant mother;
• features of the kidneys;
• urine concentration.

What do the shades of urine say during the bearing of a child

The color of urine during pregnancy in the early stages worries all expectant mothers, mainly because of the desire to determine the sex of the unborn baby. It is believed that if the urine is colored in a dull and very light, almost transparent, shade of yellow, a girl will certainly be born. Darker urine is a sure sign that an heir is to be expected. But there are more good reasons to keep an eye on the color of urine during pregnancy: this is a sure way for the expectant mother to notice suspicious symptoms in time and consult a doctor about this.

So, what are the different shades of urine talking about while waiting for the baby?

bright yellow color

As a rule, the bright color of urine during pregnancy - rich yellow, orange - is caused by taking multivitamin complexes, which a woman begins to take as soon as she finds out about her situation. Folic acid (vitamin B9), for example, is prescribed to all expectant mothers without exception. A useful substance is necessary during a period of increased cell division and growth, when all the vital organs and parts of the baby's body are formed and laid. The body does not completely absorb this vitamin, so some of it in the urine is excreted by the kidneys. In addition, preparations that are derivatives of nitrofuran, as well as fresh carrots and carrot juice, can color urine bright yellow. Food colorings, which are found all the time, are also able to give the color of urine a rich shade.

Dark yellow color

The dark color of urine during pregnancy indicates a lack of fluid in the body. Dehydration is the result of insufficient water intake, excessive sweating, hot and dry weather. However, the reasons for this may be hidden in the physiology of a woman in position. So, in the early stages of an “interesting” situation, dehydration of the body and, accordingly, darkening of urine occurs on the basis of toxicosis, accompanied by frequent vomiting. In the third trimester, gestosis becomes the cause of the dark color of urine: the liquid component of the blood accumulates in the tissues, forming edema, and at the same time the body experiences an acute shortage of fluid.

Note that the rich dark color of urine can not always be considered a sign of a pathological condition. In the morning, the color of urine in a healthy person is usually darker than at other times of the day. This is explained by the fact that at night the concentration of urine increases.

Pink color or reddish tint

Such urine becomes when an admixture of blood appears in its composition. A rather alarming sign may indicate an inflammatory disease of the kidneys - pyelonephritis or glomerulonephritis. Most often, pregnant women are prone to gestational pyelonephritis. Other, no less eloquent, symptoms of this disease are high fever, pain in the abdomen and in the lumbar region, frequent urination and painful urination. Glomerulonephritis stains urine in a dirty reddish color, causes severe swelling on the face and limbs, provokes an increase in blood pressure.

In diseases such as cystitis and urolithiasis, blood enters the urine from damaged and inflamed walls of the urinary duct. External manifestations confirming the diagnosis: pain in the lower abdomen, frequent urination, burning and severe pain in the urethra.

Not always reddish or pink urine is a harbinger of something bad. Sometimes it becomes like this when a pregnant woman eats a dish that includes beets (for example, vinaigrette), as well as blackberries or cherries.

Brownish, greenish-brown color

Urine that resembles beer or tea in color is an alarming sign of illness. This usually indicates that the pregnant woman is not all right with the liver or gallbladder. Often in the anamnesis of expectant mothers there are already references to hepatitis or cholecystitis. In this case, pregnancy becomes a real test of the body's endurance, because the load on the liver increases significantly. With liver dysfunction, as a rule, other symptoms also appear:

• icteric shade of the skin and sclera;
• skin itching;
• light-colored feces;
• imbalance, tearfulness;
• alternating drowsiness with insomnia.

If, in addition to the suspicious color of urine, a woman notices at least one of the signs listed above, you should not hesitate to visit a doctor. In no case should the treatment of the liver be neglected.

cloudy urine

If the urine can hardly be called transparent, and upon closer examination, light flakes are found in it, most likely the woman has urethritis or cystitis.

light yellow color

Unsaturated yellow urine during pregnancy usually occurs when its concentration is very low. In some cases, this shade of urine indicates diabetes. In addition, there is specific diabetes - gestational. It develops only during the bearing of the baby. In this case, the pregnant woman is often thirsty, feels dry mouth, she has frequent urination and copious urination.

A diuretic or herbal diuretic collection, which the doctor prescribes to his pregnant patient, will certainly affect the decrease in urine concentration to reduce the general signs of preeclampsia and edema in particular. In this case, a too light shade of urine should not be alarming, because excess fluid simply leaves the body, so the urine becomes not too concentrated.

Chronic renal failure can make urine excessively light, invariably affecting the concentration function of the kidneys.

If the color of urine during pregnancy has changed ...

... you must definitely tell your gynecologist about this. Even on the basis of such a seemingly insignificant factor, the doctor in some cases will be able to make important conclusions about the health of his patient. The expectant mother should also note what foods she ate and what medications she took recently. Maybe there are some other unusual sensations and symptoms? It is better to play it safe and tell the doctor about everything that seems strange. Perhaps this information will help the specialist to quickly determine the cause of changes in urine in a pregnant woman.

Urinalysis during pregnancy. Video

The color of urine during pregnancy is one of the diagnostic criteria for a woman's condition. The change in shade is caused not only by pathological, but also by physiological causes. The latter include: daily fluctuations in shade, food intake and medications that have the ability to change the color of urine. The phenomenon can be observed in severe pathologies of the liver, kidneys, gallbladder with preeclampsia and diabetes.

Why does urine change color?

A woman in a position should be attentive to health and monitor all changes. During the normal course of pregnancy, urine has a yellow color, and the intensity of the shade varies depending on some factors: diet, taking vitamins or medications, and kidney function.

In the early stages of pregnancy, urine becomes more yellow or straw-colored, this is quite normal. If the urine has turned orange or bright yellow, the reason for this is the intake of vitamins or medicines. The expectant mother can consume foods that are not fully absorbed by the body and excreted by the kidneys.

Darkening of urine does not always indicate pathologies. A dark color indicates that the body is dehydrated due to insufficient fluid intake. Dehydration can also occur due to toxicosis - constant vomiting.

In the early stages, urine changes due to:

• toxicosis and development of dehydration;
• small amount of liquid you drink;
• consumption of certain foods;
• the presence of folic acid in the body.

In the last trimester, a change in the color of urine indicates the development of preeclampsia, which is called late toxicosis. It is accompanied by symptoms such as the appearance of protein in the urine, swelling of the extremities, high blood pressure. The condition poses a threat to the life and health of the mother and child. M hospitalization or caesarean section may be necessary, provided that the gestation period exceeds 27 weeks.

Shade change mechanism

Metabolic products are excreted from the body with urine. Its color is formed by components such as urobilin, urochrome, uroroserin and others. They give it a yellow tint of varying intensity. Many factors influence the formation of dark-colored urine: the amount of liquid drunk, food intake, and metabolic disorders. They act on the concentration of these pigments, which cause different color variations in saturation and hue. It depends on the rate of metabolic processes. The use of vegetables or fruits changes the shade: carrots give an orange tint, beets - burgundy.

A rich yellow tint to urine may appear due to the use of certain groups of drugs.

Pink urine occurs after eating carrots, blackberries, cherries or beets. Greenish-yellow - after rhubarb, Alexandrian leaf. Brown urine becomes from taking activated charcoal or bear ears. Aspirin makes it pinkish, while drugs for kidney disease, vitamins or riboflavin make it bright yellow-green. The blue tint comes from methylene blue. Red color gives amidopyrine.

Features of the functioning of the excretory system in the process of bearing a child are also accompanied by a change in the color of urine.

Diseases that cause discoloration of urine

Sometimes urine changes color due to various diseases during pregnancy:

• Too light urine is a sign of dilution. Sometimes gestational diabetes develops during pregnancy. The disease is characterized by a feeling of thirst and dryness in the mouth. A lot of liquid is consumed, so the urine becomes clear. With the same diagnosis, frequent and profuse urination is observed. Another cause of color loss is the onset of kidney failure in chronic diseases. Women who have kidney problems before pregnancy have a high risk of this severe pathology during gestation.
• Dark yellow color - the shade indicates a high concentration of urine in the kidneys. Appears as a result of insufficient fluid intake or severe loss of it. This is due to increased sweating, with high fever and vomiting, due to toxicosis. In the last trimester, dark yellow urine may indicate serious disorders of the genitourinary system.
• Red is a sign of blood in the urine. It is noted in pyelonephritis, urolithiasis, glomerulonephritis, cystitis. Pathologies are accompanied by other signs, including: painful urination, fever, increased pressure, swelling. Also, the red tint of urine is the result of poisoning with salts of mercury or lead.
• Brown color, reminiscent of tea, is a sign of problems with the gallbladder and liver. Like the kidneys, the liver during pregnancy experiences an increased load, removing the metabolic products of the mother and fetus from the body. Brown color indicates hepatitis, cholecystitis or bile duct disease. In late pregnancy, this phenomenon suggests that the uterus has grown so much in size that it makes it difficult for the normal excretion of bile.
• Turbid urine becomes if it contains impurities (normally it should be transparent). It can be mucus, salts, bacteria or pus. Sometimes turbidity appears due to non-compliance with the rules for collecting analysis.