Nosebleeds in early pregnancy. Nosebleeds in pregnant women in the first, second and third trimesters: why does it go during pregnancy, what to do

Bleeding from the nasal cavity or epistaxis is bleeding that occurs due to damage to the integrity of blood vessels. They are located in the nasal cavity or in the paranasal sinus. Nosebleeds during pregnancy can occur at any time. The intensity of bleeding can also be different.

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Often a woman, having discovered that her nose is bleeding, does not worry, she takes it for a common symptom that can be during pregnancy, but this is not always the case. There are many reasons why this happens. This may indicate pressure that must be urgently normalized so that no complications occur.

Causes of the appearance of pathology

In different trimesters, blood can be caused for various reasons. If the bleeding is not heavy, it starts less than three to four times a month, it is easy to stop it - it is not dangerous and does not pose any threat to the expectant mother and baby.

The main thing is to make sure that bleeding is not a consequence of serious pathologies.

If for the first time, then probably overwork

Reasons why nose bleeds during pregnancy.

1. Hormonal changes in the body. Blood often comes in the first trimester of pregnancy, because it is at this stage of development that the most significant changes in a woman's body occur. The level of progesterone (a hormone that contributes to the normal fertilization of the egg and its further development) increases and this may be accompanied by swelling of the mucous membrane, nasal congestion. Vessels become fragile and loose. At the slightest irritation, sometimes it is enough to sneeze, the vessels burst and bleeding begins, sometimes very intense.
2. Lack of calcium. The most common reason why blood can flow is the low calcium content in the body of the expectant mother. The fetus grows, develops and needs a lot of nutrients. Regardless of how much a woman receives calcium, useful trace elements, the future baby "takes" as much as he needs for normal development. It often happens that pregnant women do not have enough vitamin K, which means that bleeding in the nasal cavity can also occur.
3. Increase in blood pressure. One of the most common problems of pregnant women, which begins in the second trimester. Preeclampsia is characterized by increased pressure, swelling occurs, nosebleeds are observed, and a high level of protein in the urine. There are flies before the eyes, headaches, dizziness. A serious condition can develop, dangerous for the expectant mother and child.
4. Another reason why bleeding can begin is late and very severe toxicosis. This is also accompanied by an increase in pressure. With such a diagnosis, you should immediately contact a specialist. Various types of injuries - fractures, deviated septum, trauma (even if they were many years ago), a severe runny nose - all this can cause bleeding.
5. If the temperature rises during infectious diseases, the nose may bleed. Prolonged overheating of the body can have a bad effect on the body, on the cardiovascular system, due to this, blood flow is disturbed, the fragility of blood vessels and capillaries increases.

Additional grounds for epistaxis.

The cause of bleeding is basically the same - the vessels burst, but different circumstances lead to such a situation.

Vessels may be damaged

What do we have to do?

If you find that your nose starts to bleed, there is no need to panic, you need to pull yourself together and sit down comfortably. With your head tilted forward, you need to put cold (ice, a bottle from the refrigerator, meat, a towel moistened with cold water, etc.) on the nasal septum. Press the nostril very tightly, the one from which the blood comes. You need to wait at least ten minutes.

If you are wearing clothes with a tight collar, you need to loosen it, unfasten it. If the bleeding is very strong, without stopping, you will need a cotton swab moistened with hydrogen peroxide to stop it. Apply it to your nose, the bleeding will soon stop. If more than twenty minutes have passed, nothing has been done on your own, you need to call an ambulance.

What not to do:

• do not throw your head back, the condition will worsen;
• do not lie on your back, blood can cause nausea and vomiting, therefore it will enter the stomach;
• do not blow your nose, as this may prevent the formation of a blood clot.

Prevention methods for epistaxis:

• it is often necessary to ventilate, humidify the room;
• spend more time outdoors;
• if the mucous membrane is prone to drying out, it can be periodically moistened with baby vaseline, nasal sprays, etc.;
• compliance with the water regime under the supervision of a gynecologist;
• smoky, stuffy rooms should be avoided;
• eat foods containing calcium;
• drink enough liquid;
• if you have a runny nose, you should use drugs only as prescribed by a specialist. You need to blow your nose carefully so as not to damage the vessels in the mucosa, they can be very fragile during pregnancy;
• avoid stressful situations.

Prevention for epistaxis is important

Under any circumstances, if the nose bleeds, and you are pregnant, you should not panic, contact the specialists, they will find the cause and suggest the right solution. Perhaps this is the result of overwork, the body is most weakened during this period.

The use of folk methods

If nosebleeds often occur during pregnancy, you can use folk recipes. They help with a dry mucous environment, if the vessels are not strong enough.

For the first recipe you will need:

• initial letter;
• shepherd's bag;
• boiling water.

Mode of application.

1. Take three pinches of the initial drug (dry), three pinches of the shepherd's bag.
2. Pour in boiling water.
3. Let it brew for at least twelve hours.
4. Drink the infusion three hours before meals.

Herbs can help

Ingredients for the second recipe:

• burnet root;
• boiling water;
• jam.

Mode of application.

1. It is necessary to take two tablespoons of crushed roots.
2. Pour in one glass of water.
3. Boil for five minutes, over low heat.
4. Insist two hours.
5. After taking two tablespoons every hour.
6. The burnet knits, so you can jam with jam.

Another recipe, in order to stop the bleeding from the nose, it will require:

• plantain leaves;
• yarrow;
• gauze.

Mode of application.

1. It is necessary to take fresh leaves of plantain and yarrow.
2. Grind until a homogeneous mass is formed.
3. Wrap everything in gauze.
4. Apply to the nose so that it goes slightly into the nostrils.

The tool disinfects, prevents bleeding. Also keep a transcript of the screening results of the 1st trimester

Attention!

The information published on the site is for informational purposes only and is intended for informational purposes only. Site visitors should not use them as medical advice! The editors of the site do not recommend self-medication. Determining the diagnosis and choosing a treatment method remains the exclusive prerogative of your doctor! Remember that only a complete diagnosis and therapy under the supervision of a doctor will help to completely get rid of the disease!

Pregnancy is a physiological state of a woman's body, during which significant changes occur: a large load on vital systems, the functioning of organs and hormonal levels change. Blood from the nose during pregnancy (epistaxis) is a fairly common occurrence, observed at any time. The reasons are diverse - from traumatic damage to blood vessels to serious health problems.

Causes of Epistaxis

What causes nosebleeds during pregnancy? The reason may be the following:

• Traumatic damage to the vessels of the nasal cavity.

Occurs when blowing the nose, damage when extracting dry crusts, bruises or bumps, after examination by an ENT doctor.

• Hormonal reorganization.

Because of it, there is an increased blood supply to the vessels of the nasal cavity. And the walls and membranes of the nasal cavity themselves become loose, edematous, the vascular wall becomes brittle and blood begins to flow from the nose. For the same reason, nasal congestion occurs in pregnant women.

• Load on the heart and vascular system.

As a result, blood flow in the body of a pregnant woman increases. The nasal mucosa becomes full-blooded, which causes bleeding.

• Dryness of the nasal mucosa.

It occurs when there is insufficient humidity in the room where the pregnant woman is located, or with frequent use of vasoconstrictor drops with nasal congestion.

• Lack of trace elements and vitamins.

Causes increased fragility (fragility) of the capillaries in the nose. Occurs against the background of insufficiency of vikasol (Vit.K), ascorbic acid (Vit.C), calcium deficiency and also leads to bleeding gums.

• Drops in blood pressure.

In this case, a spasm or a sharp expansion of the vessels of the nose occurs. Such drops contribute to the appearance of blood from the nose. This condition is preceded by a symptom such as tinnitus or headache.

• Violations of the composition of the blood, leading to dysfunction of the coagulation system during pregnancy.
• Infectious processes in the nose (rhinitis, sinusitis) can cause bleeding, especially if the disease is accompanied by fever.

Nosebleeds during pregnancy

In different periods of pregnancy, the mechanism for the development of nosebleeds has its own characteristics:

• The first trimester is characterized by the fertilization of the egg, the formation of the fetal egg, its attachment to the endometrium.

During this period, there is an increased formation of estrogen and progesterone. Under their influence, the nasal mucosa becomes edematous due to blood filling. Nosebleeds appear at any time of the day. Nighttime arise due to mechanical damage that occurred during the day. Daytime bleeding occurs more often in the morning after waking up, when a woman is doing hygiene procedures. If your nose bleeds repeatedly in the first trimester, then this may be the most sign of pregnancy.

• The second and third trimesters are characterized by the formation of the placenta, the active growth of the uterus and the development of the child.

The developing fetus continues to receive nutrients from the mother through the placenta. The reserves of vitamins and minerals in the female body gradually decrease, and if they are not taken additionally, beriberi develops. Against this background, blood from the nose begins to flow. The lack of vitamins and microelements adversely affects not only the female body, but also the unborn child.

During this period, the load increases, blood pressure drops appear, the rheological properties of the blood change, resulting in blood from the nose. Its appearance in the last trimester is often the first sign of late toxicosis, preeclampsia. This can lead to impaired placental circulation and threaten the life of the fetus. You need to contact a specialist immediately.

How to help with a nosebleed

If blood from the nose has gone during pregnancy, you must adhere to the following scheme:

• Lower your head down over a sink, bathtub, or any container, and allow the blood to flow out quietly. A complete stop of blood from the nose in case of damage to the capillaries occurs in a couple of minutes.
• Next, you need to apply cold to the nose (pieces of ice or a cold wet cloth).
• If the bleeding continues, then a cotton-gauze turunda soaked in 3% hydrogen peroxide must be inserted into the nostril from which the blood is coming. It has a good hemostatic effect. It can also be used to remove blood clots from the nasal cavity after stopping the blood.
• After the blood has stopped and blood clots have been removed, it is necessary to lubricate the nasal cavity with vaseline (sea buckthorn) oil. This will help protect the nasal mucosa from drying out and accelerate the healing of blood vessels.

If you can’t stop the bleeding at home, you need to urgently call an ambulance. As a rule, pregnant women are hospitalized in a hospital, where they are given the following activities:

• Anterior tamponade of the nasal cavity. Cotton turundas with a medicinal substance are inserted into the anterior parts of the nasal cavity for a long time, the medicine is periodically added.
• Posterior tamponade. Medicine swabs are inserted into the back of the nose for a long time.
• Laboratory examination for blood clotting and other tests as indicated.
• Injection of hemostatic drugs, taking into account the duration of pregnancy, the intensity of bleeding and the risk to the fetus.

When nosebleeds are prohibited:

• Tilt your head back. If the bleeding is heavy, then the blood can enter the lungs or stomach. In this case, there are signs of respiratory failure and vomiting with blood.
• Blow your nose. This will increase nosebleeds as a result of mechanical irritation of damaged vessels.

Preventive actions

To prevent the appearance of blood from the nose during any period of pregnancy, you must follow simple rules:

• Ventilate the room in which the pregnant woman stays. This will prevent drying of the nasal mucosa.
• Humidify the room using special devices or improvised devices.
• Hygiene measures must be carried out with care so as not to damage the vessels of the nasal cavity.
• Drink enough clean water.
• Humidification of the nasal mucosa with saline solutions (NaCl physiological solution, sea water).
• As prescribed by the doctor, take an additional special complex of vitamins and minerals for pregnant women.

Nosebleeds during pregnancy is a very unpleasant symptom that goes away with the birth of a child. If the nose bleeds in any trimester of pregnancy, then this is a sign that changes are taking place in the body that require increased attention. You should immediately consult a doctor to determine the cause of this condition and timely treatment.

Every pregnant woman, faced with the problem of nosebleeds, begins to worry about her health and the condition of the baby. Indeed, it looks quite frightening, especially when it is not clear why this is happening. What are the causes and accompanying signs of nosebleeds? How to provide first aid?

What factors can cause nosebleeds at different stages of pregnancy?

Nosebleeds (epistaxis) during pregnancy occur quite often, especially in the morning. The reasons may be related to physiological factors (increased load on the vessels, increased blood flow in the body, thinning of the walls of blood vessels), hormonal disruptions in the body, or pathological processes.

More serious causes of nosebleeds in pregnant women include:

1. lack of vitamins or trace elements in the body;
2. various diseases that affect blood clotting;
3. mechanical impacts, bruises, injuries;
4. diseases of the cardiovascular system;
5. kidney disease;
6. oncology.

Future mothers should not panic and self-diagnose diseases. For diagnosis and further treatment, you need to contact a specialist.

First trimester

In the absence of a future mother of chronic diseases, in the first trimester of pregnancy, nosebleeds are usually associated with hormonal changes in the body. In the early stages, he tries to make every effort to ensure that the fetus takes root in the womb, so the endocrine system works intensively. The blood flow in the mucous membranes increases, and the vessels swell. At such moments, any mechanical impact, even the usual blowing your nose, can lead to bleeding.

Second trimester

In the second trimester of pregnancy, the main and most common bleeding factor is late toxicosis (preeclampsia), in which pressure on the walls of blood vessels increases significantly. However, toxicosis in the later stages is not harmless, since it can be a symptom of serious pathological changes in the body. That is why in case of regular high blood pressure, you should immediately consult a doctor.

third trimester

In the third trimester, the appearance of blood from the nose depends on the same factors as in the second. Pregnant women are advised to constantly monitor blood pressure. In addition, at this stage of pregnancy, the resources of the female body are almost exhausted, so you need to carefully monitor the diet. For the formation of bones and internal organs of the fetus, you need a lot of vitamins and minerals that the baby takes from the mother's body. The lack of nutrients provokes thinning of blood vessels.

What are the symptoms that require immediate medical attention?

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Medical supervision of pregnancy should be carried out regularly, and all complaints of a woman should be taken seriously by the attending physician. Expectant mothers should report any ailments, even those that at first glance seem minor.

The main signs that accompany nosebleeds and require urgent medical intervention:

1. general weakness or fainting;
2. headache;
3. exacerbation of chronic diseases;
4. elevated body temperature (may be caused by infectious diseases).

A condition in which bleeding does not stop for more than 15 minutes is dangerous for pregnant women with anemia and, as a result, insufficient blood supply with oxygen to internal organs.

Nosebleed Treatment

There is no single way to treat nosebleeds during pregnancy. Therapy directly depends on the causes of epistaxis. With frequent and heavy bleeding, drug replacement of lost blood is sometimes required, up to a transfusion. The doctor decides on the method of treatment only after a visual examination of the patient, based on the tests and individual medical indications.

First aid

Quite often, in stressful situations, many do not know what to do. To provide first aid for nosebleeds in a pregnant woman, it is necessary to remember a simple algorithm of actions. First of all, open the window for ventilation, seat the woman and ask her to take a comfortable position. Then she should tilt her head down and pinch her nose with her hand. Ice is often placed on the bridge of the nose. Within 10 minutes, you should breathe through your mouth, the position of the pregnant woman cannot be changed.

Medical approach

After a visual examination and collection of the patient's history, specialists proceed to the procedure of rhinoscopy and pharyngoscopy. The place from which the blood comes is cauterized, respectively, the blood is baked. The purpose of drugs depends not only on the cause of bleeding, but also on the duration of pregnancy, due to the fact that completely different medications are prescribed at different times.

Traditional medicine

When blood flows from the nose during pregnancy, you can use effective folk remedies. The most effective is considered to be an infusion of dry yarrow leaves. For cooking, you need to take two tablespoons of raw materials, pour them with boiling water (400 ml) and leave overnight for 10-11 hours. Then the infusion must be filtered and taken orally 1 glass 3 times a day.

Consequences for the expectant mother and child

Not taking nosebleeds seriously enough during pregnancy can lead to dangerous consequences. First of all, the danger lies in the loss of blood, because at the time of bearing a child, the mother's body is very weakened. A small blood loss, which for an adult will be imperceptible, for a pregnant woman is a significant waste of vital resources. In the case of high blood pressure in the expectant mother, the risk of stroke increases dramatically.

For the fetus, there is a great danger of not receiving nutrients that come out with the blood and are necessary for its growth and development. Deficiency of vitamins and calcium in the mother's body leads to abnormal or pathological formation of the child's internal organs and systems. Expectant mothers need to be extremely attentive to their health and take tests that control the amount of trace elements and vitamins in the body.

How can expectant mothers protect themselves from nosebleeds during pregnancy? If it is not caused by disturbances in the functioning of the body or exacerbation of chronic diseases, the following recommendations will certainly help in the prevention of unwanted blood loss:

1. Daily airing of rooms. Instead of using air conditioners, it is recommended to open windows.
2. Humidification in the bedroom. You can use artificial humidifiers, water containers placed around the room. Moisture keeps the nasal mucosa from drying out.
3. Drink plenty of water (at least one and a half liters of pure water per day). Many perceive such advice as the need to saturate the body with any liquid, but this is not so. During pregnancy, it is water that you need to drink, so it is recommended to replace the usual drinks (tea, coffee, cocoa, juice, lemonade, etc.) with filtered water.
4. Daily moisturizing of the nose. The easiest and cheapest way to do this is to lubricate the sinuses with petroleum jelly.
5. Do not inhale air filled with harmful elements and allergens (paint, carbon monoxide or cigarette smoke, synthetic household chemicals, etc.).