New Year in Romania. New Year and Christmas in Romania A special flavor of the New Year holidays in Romania

New Year in Romania. Mosh Krachun. In Romania, the celebration of the New Year takes place with family or close friends at the New Year's table. Girls on New Year's Eve in Romania guess. They especially like to guess at the betrothed, as well as the weather next year. On New Year's morning, Romanian children carol around neighboring houses with branches of apple or pear trees, as a symbol of fertility, decorate them with multi-colored paper, sparkles, gilding and artificial flowers. Children knock on the house, sing kolinda and wish the owners happiness and long years. For this, it is customary for them to give apples, sweets, and give money. According to a Romanian legend, the family of the shepherd Crăciun sheltered the Virgin Mary. The Virgin Mary gave birth and Mosh Krechun gave the Virgin Mary and her child milk and cheese. Since then, Saint Mosh Krachun has been giving gifts to children.

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New Year celebration

"New Year's traditions" - Expert in New Year's traditions. Bibliography. The material I have collected and the presentation will make it interesting to have a thematic class hour in any class (from grades 1 to 11). New Year is the most mysterious holiday that opens the world of good fairy tales and magic. Quiz. New Year's traditions of different countries.

"How they celebrate the new year" - In Guinea. During the New Year festivities, high jump competitions are held among girls. On the night of January 5-6, the Befane fairy descends through the chimneys into the rooms. On the island of Bali, the year is not 365 days, but 210 days. In Cuba. The New Year begins when the first snow falls. As the clock strikes, every Cuban must eat a grape.

"Scenario of the New Year" - Beads are bright. There is a cry on the ice platform. A poem about skates. Holiday. You came to visit us Santa Claus. Bobsled. Ski relay. Game "Dress up the snowman." The needles glow softly. A poem about sleds. Biathlon. Threads of colorful tinsel. Biathlon game. Skating. Magic movie. Snowmen game. Star. Round dance.

"New Year's program" - .... "White party" gathering of guests. 17:00 Meeting guests. in the SHOW program. New Year's Eve opens Freak show. Alien men will appear in different images, unusual for mankind. A competition will be organized directly at the event! Entertainment program for adults Contests, prizes, gifts!

"Meeting the New Year" - The Germans are famous for their love of New Year's lighting. The main event on December 31 is fireworks and a festive concert at the Brandenburg Gate. Madrid. Japan. Iran. Amsterdam. Even Santa Claus comes to them in the clothes of a cattle breeder. Russia. Australia is celebrating the New Year. Starting from mid-November, the streets turn into a kind of Christmas fairy tale.

"Old New Year" - Old New Year! An interesting rite of going from house to house to treat yourself to pork dishes. Vasiliev day. A pig's head was also placed on the table. Ready porridge was taken out of the oven and carefully examined. Church about the Old New Year. And there was also a kind of ritual - cooking porridge. At the end of the 15th century in Rus', the beginning of the New Year was officially determined - September 1.

In recent years, it has significantly “pulled itself up” in terms of developing its own economy. The renewing tourist infrastructure also plays a significant role in this. Every year, thousands of foreign guests come to and on the Black Sea coast, who do not forget to look at the homeland of Count Dracula, notorious all over the world. But the country of Romania is beautiful not only in summer, and New Year or Christmas can be celebrated here with no less pleasure than the famous Martisor in early spring.

Let's take a look at the map

Romania is located in the northeastern part of the Balkan Peninsula. It is washed by the waters of the Black Sea, and from between the borders with and the Carpathians stretch.
The climate of Romania is classified as a continental type, which is characterized by rather warm weather in summer and cold weather from December to February:

• In winter, the thermometers in the country's capital can drop to -16°C, but more often they stop at -5°C. In the mountains, frosts occur more often and temperatures of -10°C at the height of the New Year holidays are more likely to be the norm for Carpathian villages.
• Snow in the mountains falls already in November and remains stable until early April, allowing visitors to ski slopes comfortably and with pleasure. In the capital, the snow cover is usually unstable and melts quickly due to not too low temperatures and a large number of sunny days.
• In the east of Romania on the Black Sea coast, the climate type changes from continental to maritime. Here in winter it rains more often with sleet, the humidity in December-February is quite high, which, combined with an air temperature of about 0 - + 6 ° C and strong winds, creates a not very comfortable microclimate.

It is best to celebrate the New Year in Romania in the Carpathians, where the ski slopes are covered with perfect white snow, and the staff of cozy hotels and restaurants with national cuisine will help create a festive mood and spend the winter holidays cheerfully, brightly and with pleasure.

How to celebrate the New Year in Romania

The world-favorite holiday in Romania has its own name. Anul Nou is celebrated in the circle of loved ones, usually in the house of parents or older family members.
Preparations for the holiday begin with traditional Romanian fortune-telling. In addition to trying to find out the fate and name of the future husband, Romanian girls try to predict the weather. For this purpose, salt is suitable, which is sprinkled with a dozen peeled onion slices. The parts of the bulb that remain dry in the morning symbolize months without rain, while wet ones predict a rainy season.
Romanians do not forget about one more New Year's tradition. On the first day of the coming year, in no case should you throw anything away, so as not to be left without luck. Garbage is stored at least until the second of January, and the locals themselves do not leave the house until a stranger, preferably a brunette, crosses the threshold. Dark-haired, according to local signs, bring good luck. It is not very clear who can enter, if it is customary to stay at home and wait for guests, and therefore Romanians are counting on tourists who do not know the local customs too well. So on New Year's Eve and on the first day of the new year, owners of dark hair can become welcome guests in any home in Romania.
Housewives are preparing especially carefully for the holiday, for whom the New Year's table becomes an exam for professionalism. Smoked ribs and cabbage rolls, meat rolls and pies will certainly appear on the menu of any family. Baking with surprises is another Christmas and New Year tradition in Romania. Coins, rings, peppers and sweets are put into pies, and the lucky one who got a piece with an investment is thus predicting the future.
Santa Claus in Romania is especially revered and respected. His name is Mosh Krechun, and the locals believe that it was he who offered shelter to the Virgin Mary, who is awaiting the birth of the Savior. Now the Romanian Grandfather gives sweets and toys to children, as he once gave milk and cheese to the Mother of God.
A New Year's sign of Romanian cities and villages is Christmas fairs, which begin work long before the most fun night of the year. They usually open in the main city square and offer visitors sweets and candles, decorations for Christmas trees and the trees themselves, which are considered in Romania, as elsewhere in the world, a symbol of winter holidays.
New Year's Eve usually continues in city squares, where festive fireworks, folk festivals and theatrical performances are held. Young people prefer nightclubs and discos, bars and other drinking establishments, of which there are a great many in Bucharest. In honor of the holiday, discounts, bonuses and a special menu with interesting dishes, drinks and numbers of the show program appear in any of them.

Useful information for travelers

• The easiest way to get to Romania and back is a direct flight on Aeroflot planes. But it is also the most expensive. For three hours in the sky you have to pay 260 euros. The planes fly from Sheremetyevo.
• A flight on the wings of the Polish airline LOT Polish Airlines will cost less. With docking, the journey will take about five hours. Issue price - 220 euros round trip. At this price, tickets are also offered by Moldovan airlines. In this case, a transplant is to be done at.

Ski resorts are ready to receive guests at the end of November, when a stable snow cover appears on the slopes. Modern equipment maintains it throughout the season, even if the weather suddenly changes in the direction of abnormal warming.

The best resorts in Romania, where it is especially pleasant to celebrate the New Year, doing your favorite sport, are located in the Southern Carpathians. These mountains are here called the Transylvanian Alps. Popular holiday destinations are Busteni, known since the end of the 19th century and the most famous of all Poiana Brasov. The weather during the New Year holidays in ski resorts usually pleases with sunshine and comfortable temperatures. At night, thermometers show up to -5 ° C, and during the day the mercury columns usually stay at + 1 ° C in Poiana Brasov, + 2 ° C in Bushten and Sinai and -2 ° C - on the Predeal slopes.
On the slopes of the Romanian Carpathians you will find slopes of various categories of difficulty, and the prices for ski passes, equipment rental and off-piste entertainment will seem like a real gift in honor of the New Year.

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New Year in Romania is at least curious: interesting cuisine, Dracula's castle, excursions to antiquities, very beautiful nature and inexpensive ski resorts. And it’s not far to fly there and you can enter on a Schengen visa.

The air temperature in late December - early January in Bucharest is about -5 °С, sometimes it drops to -12 ... -15 °С. On the Black Sea coast in winter it is a little warmer - up to 0 ... + 5 ° С, but it is cloudy, windy and rainy, sometimes it rains with sleet. At ski resorts during the New Year holidays, the most pleasant thing is: temperatures down to -5 ° C, a lot of snow and sunny days.

Traditions

New Year in Romania is usually celebrated with family. Santa Claus comes to the children, who is called here a shepherd named Mosh Krechun. According to legend, it was he who sheltered the Virgin Mary on the eve of the birth of the baby Jesus and gave them both milk and cheese. Today, instead of healthy dairy products, Mosh Krachun gives sweets and toys to children.

In Bucharest, on the eve of Christmas and New Year, Christmas markets are held, and in Brasov there is a whole Christmas festival with concerts, songs, dances and master classes where you can learn how to bake New Year's cookies and make Christmas decorations with your own hands. These fairs are very similar to European ones, especially the famous Viennese ones - they are also colorful, noisy and fun. It is impossible to pass by: all New Year's markets are always held on the main city squares and on a large scale.

The housewives decorate the house with branches of spruce and mistletoe and prepare a festive table, which always includes hominy, cabbage rolls, smoked ribs, as well as meatloaf “shot” from lamb offal and pies with “lucky” coins inside - whoever gets them will definitely get rich in coming year.

On New Year's Eve, it is customary to carol on the streets of Bucharest: people walk around in sheep's hats and with whips in their hands, with which they “drive” oxen, and one will definitely be in a goat mask.

Unlike Italians, Romanians do not throw away old things on New Year's Eve, so as not to accidentally “throw away” happiness with them.

One of the most unusual Romanian New Year's signs - on the morning of January 1, it is not customary to leave the house until a brunette or brown-haired woman arrives - it is considered to be fortunate. But the blond guest does not bode well, so fair-haired people prefer to stay at home on this day.

Things to do

The weather for the New Year holidays in Romania is quite conducive to going on excursions. For this, Bucharest or Transylvania are usually chosen, and sometimes they are combined in one trip. Bucharest has many architectural landmarks, including structures created during the reign of communist dictator Nicolae Ceausescu. Transylvania is primarily medieval castles, each of which is attributed to a relation to Count Dracula.

One of the most popular cities is Brasov, it is there that the Gothic Black Temple is located, the city of Sighisoara is also interesting, where, according to legend, Vlad the Impaler, the same Count Dracula, was born. Tours in Transylvania are usually very mystical and eerie, the legends are beautiful and gloomy, although not always believable.

Ski tours

It is most pleasant to celebrate the New Year in Romanian ski resorts. It is there that during the New Year holidays the most crowded, although compared to the popular European resorts, there are quite a few people here. The best resorts are located in the Southern Carpathians, sometimes called the Transylvanian Alps. There are tracks of different categories of difficulty, hotels of a completely European level, restaurants and other infrastructure, and the prices for ski passes, equipment rental and New Year's entertainment are much lower than in Europe.

Prices for New Year tours

A week-long New Year's tour in Romania with excursions in Bucharest and Transylvania will cost from 570 USD per person. This amount includes accommodation in a 3 * hotel, breakfasts and all excursions according to the program, accompanied by a Russian-speaking guide. The road to Bucharest and dinners are paid separately. Prices on the page are for November 2018.

Romania is a country with a rich past, interesting culture and picturesque nature. Hundreds of tribes that swept through this territory during the era of the Great Migration of Peoples transferred their culture and their original traditions to this land. The first cities on these lands were created by the ancient Greeks, in the 7th-6th centuries BC. e. Then the Romans became interested in these lands, who left a deep mark on the history and culture of modern Romania - even the language spoken by the country originates from ancient Roman Latin.

The first independent states of the Romanians - Wallachia and Moldavia - appeared in the 14th century. And soon they fell under the five-century rule of the Ottoman Empire. Only in the 19th century the country managed to fully restore independence. In 1859, as a result of the unification of Wallachia and Moldavia, a state was created, called Romania. After World War II, communist rule was established in Romania, which ultimately led to economic collapse and poverty.

At the end of 1989, a revolution broke out, during which the communist regime was overthrown. During the 1990s, the foundations of a market economy were created in Romania, as a result of which the country entered a period of economic growth. The last seven years have been largely successful for Romania. The country's government managed to restore the economy, achieved the country's entry into NATO and the European Union. Romania is the picturesque Carpathians, the Danube Delta, monasteries, millennial traditions, famous wines, traditional cuisine and, of course, national hospitality. Everyone knows Dracula's castle in Transylvania.

However, one of the most attractive places for guests of the country is the capital of the country - Bucharest. The main attraction of the city is the Old Town with its narrow streets, small squares and a large number of historical monuments. Here is the huge Palace of Parliament, which occupies the second largest area in the world after the Pentagon.

Romanian cuisine is quite original. Having absorbed the culinary traditions of the neighboring Slavic and Ugric peoples, it has gained a reputation for being simple and very satisfying. The basis of the cuisine is vegetables and corn, dozens of types of traditional thick soup "chorbe", meat and dough dishes. The most commonly used household product is hominy- steeply boiled porridge made from cornmeal. It is served with all sorts of additives, fried, puddings and snacks are made from it.

Romanian wines deserve special attention. The best varieties are Babyaska, Busujoka, Zgihara, Feteaska. Local brandy "Vinars" is also famous for its excellent quality. Also in Romania they make good strong drinks, including traditional Romanian plum moonshine. cuica(by the way, 55-60 "degrees") and the Hungarian "palinka". Local beer also has an excellent reputation.

Romanians have a rich tradition of celebrating the New Year. In some places in Romania it is called "Little Christmas" or "The Craciun Brothers". By the way, that's right - Mosh Krachun- in Romanian they call Santa Claus. In the villages, the eve of the holiday is especially solemn - the evening on the day of St. Basil. As soon as the sun goes down, in every house in front of the icon of Christ they light a candle made of pure wax, which must burn all night, "so that happiness can enter the house." Doors and thresholds in the house, in the premises for livestock, in grain stores are coated with garlic and melted fat. With the same composition, they put the sign of the cross on domestic animals and, finally, smeared themselves and all family members.

According to popular notions, in this way it was possible to save oneself from the machinations of devils who roam near the house that night and try to milk cows or cause some kind of damage to a person.

One of the most ancient and colorful New Year's customs among Romanians is plugushorul. In fact, these are carols, which in Romania are not only for Christmas, but also for the New Year. Plugushorul is an ancient tradition. It is curious to note that in those areas where it was performed, only the poor and smaller boys took part in caroling, that is, those who were most occupied with plowing as plowmen and drovers. On New Year's Eve, as soon as it gets dark, the guys went from house to house and caroled. The most talkative of them, standing near the house, read the plowman's carol - the same plowshorul. During caroling, the first furrow was made in the snow. After saying carols and congratulations to the owners of the house, the latter gave pluguras, as on Christmas: rolls, nuts, apples, money, etc. So they went from house to house until midnight. And then, sharing the gifts in a brotherly way and wishing each other happiness in the new year, they dispersed.

An nou fericit! Happy New Year!

Pluguşorul (in Romanian)
Aho, aho copii si frati,
Stati putin si nu manati,
Langa boi v "alaturati.
Si cuvantul mi-ascultati.
S "a sculat mai an,
Badica Traian
Si-a "ncalecat pe-un cal invatat,
Cu saua de aur,
Cu nume de Graur,
Cu Frau de Matase,
Implete in sase
cat vita de groasa,
El in scari s "a ridicat,
Peste campuri s "a uitat,
Sa aleaga-un loc curat,
De arat si semanat.
Si-a pornit intr "o joi,
Cu un plug cu doispreceze boi.
boi boureni,
In coada codalbeni,
In frunte tintatei,
Ia mai manati, mai, flacai, hai, hai...
La luna, la saptamana,
Isi umplu cu aur mana.
Si el vru sa vada,
De "i dete Dumnezeu roada.
Era "n spic cat vrabia,
Era "n bob cat trestia.
Ia mai manati, mai, hai, hai...
Traian iute s "a intors
Si din grajd alt cal a scos,
Un alt cal mai nazdravan,
Cum ii place lui Traian,
Negru ca corbul,
Iute ca focul,
De nu "l prinde locul.
Cu potcoave de argint,
Ce da sporul la fugit.
Traian iute-a "ncalecat,
La Tinchin a apucat
Si otel a cumparat,
Ca sa faca seceri mari,
Pentru seceratori tari.
Si-altele mai mititele,
Pentru fete ochesele
Si neveste tinerele.
De urat am mai ura
Dar ma tem ca va "nsera,
Pe aici, pe la dumneavoastra,
Departe de casa noastra.
Si ne-asteapte si-alte case,
Cu bucate mai gustoase,
Cu paine calda pufoasa,
Cu vinul de vita-aleasa,
Cu Cotnar de Dragasani,
La anul si la multi ani!

In some places in Romania, the New Year is called "Little Christmas" (Craciunul mic) or "The Craciun Brothers" (Fratele Craciunului). New Year's Eve is especially solemn - the evening at St. Vasily. As soon as the sun went down, in every house in front of the icon of Christ they lit a candle made of pure wax, which was supposed to burn all night, "so that happiness could enter the house." Doors and thresholds in the house, in the premises for livestock, in grain storages were coated with garlic and various kinds of melted fat. With the same composition, they put the sign of the cross on domestic animals and, finally, smeared themselves and all family members. According to popular beliefs, in this way it was possible to save oneself from the machinations of the devil and strigoi, who roam near the house that night and try to milk cows or cause some kind of damage to a person.

But not only an evil force roams this night. It was believed that the heavens opened up and people could see God surrounded by saints. However, this was not given to everyone - only to people of a strict and righteous life. According to Romanian beliefs, the skies opened up not only on New Year's Eve, but also on Christmas Eve, Epiphany and Easter. People believed that all this happens very quickly and the one who saw it could ask God for everything he wants. The Romanians thought that cattle could also talk on New Year's Eve, but in order to avoid misfortune, it was impossible to eavesdrop on it.

This evening, like Christmas Eve, was rich in all kinds of carols (colinda). The guys went from house to house, singing them, saying congratulations and wishes. All this was accompanied by the slapping of a whip and a cheerful noise. Not a single house was let by the collectors. The time of the greatest caroling was Christmas Eve. On Christmas Eve, a large number of people took part in caroling, regardless of age. On the eve of St. Vasily was caroled a little less, and here carols, especially such as plugushorul (plugu-sorul), were more focused and dedicated to "causing fertility" of the earth. But nevertheless, between caroling on Christmas Eve and on the eve of St. Basil, no significant differences were observed. As on other holidays, they gathered at home, and the old people told legends about the saints, in which the latter mostly acted as poor shepherds.

One of the most ancient and colorful New Year's customs among the Romanians was plugushorul. It is curious to note that in those areas where it was performed, only the poor and smaller boys took part in caroling, that is, those who were most occupied with plowing as plowmen and drovers. On New Year's Eve, as soon as it gets dark, the guys went from house to house and caroled. The most talkative of them, standing near the house, read the plowman's carol (plowshorul). During caroling, the first furrow was made in the snow. After uttering carols and congratulations to the owners of the house, the latter presented plowuras, as on Christmas: rolls, nuts, apples, money, etc. So they went from house to house until midnight. And then, sharing the gifts in a brotherly way and wishing each other happiness in the new year, they dispersed.