What can pregnant women with angina. Treatment of angina during pregnancy. Angina as an independent disease

11860 09/02/2019 7 min.

Angina (or acute tonsillitis) during pregnancy in the first trimester is quite common. For 9 months, while the pregnancy lasts, many women manage to get sick with some acute infectious disease.

Angina is an acute infectious disease that affects the tonsils. The causative agent of angina can be fungi, viruses, bacteria.

Angina has several varieties:

catarrhal; what are indicated in the article.
follicular;
lacunar (link described);
herpetic;
phlegmonous;
gangrenous.

Features of the course during pregnancy, causes

Changes in the body of a woman carrying a child are enormous. Hormonal restructuring modifies all the processes in her body, completely obeying the main goal of the birth of a new viable organism. This is the main reason that a woman during this period becomes too vulnerable to many infectious or inflammatory ailments.

In the body of a pregnant woman, a physiological process of suppression of immunity occurs, which serves as a protective mechanism for the prevention of fetal rejection. Therefore, picking up a sore at this time becomes easy and simple.

Tip: communication of a pregnant woman should be selective. She should avoid contact with unhealthy relatives, not visit crowded places (without special need), especially during the spread of epidemics of viral diseases.

Relatives of a pregnant woman should not neglect wearing masks if they have a runny nose, cough or fever.

Also, the source of diseases can be various things and household items that a sick person has touched. Banal hand washing is of particular importance in this situation.

During pregnancy, especially in the early stages, this ailment can harm two organisms at once - both the mother and the baby. For the woman herself, the disease is dangerous because, in the case of late diagnosis or illiterate treatment, it can lead to a purulent spread of infection in her body, up to sepsis.

In the first trimester, acute tonsillitis is much more difficult for the fetus than for the mother., leading to serious pathologies of its development, fading or termination of pregnancy.

The occurrence of acute tonsillitis during pregnancy is facilitated by the presence of diseases such as caries, diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses, influenza or SARS. These ailments must be taken seriously and treated appropriately.

First signs and symptoms

The presence of edema, redness, white plaque or purulent formations in the tonsils is one of the signs of a sore throat

This disease is usually presented by such manifestations:

fatigue, weakness, headache, sweating, lack of appetite;
the presence of edema, redness, white plaque or purulent formations in the tonsils;
increase and pain on palpation of the jaw and cervical lymph nodes;
difficulty swallowing, sharp pain in the throat;
headache;
chills, a sharp increase in body temperature up to forty degrees.

Also, the disease during pregnancy can proceed atypically, without symptoms in the form of sharp sore throats and high fever. At the beginning of the disease, the temperature is normal, only later rising to high numbers. Women often complain that it is difficult for them to breathe or completely lose their appetite during the period of illness.

Loss of appetite during pregnancy may be one of the first.

Another characteristic feature of this disease during pregnancy is the frequent occurrence of rheumatoid manifestations in the form of joint pain and difficulty in movement.

The picture of the throat with different types of angina has a different appearance:

: bright red throat, swelling, white coating on the tongue;
With follicular angina, convex yellow dots (follicles) appear on the tonsils;
With a lacunar form, the tonsils are even more enlarged, dotted with depressions (lacunae), covered with a yellow-white coating, consisting of dead leukocytes and epithelium. This form is extremely dangerous due to the highest risk of complications.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of angina is quite simple, but if necessary, the doctor can still prescribe a throat swab and a blood test.

Making the correct diagnosis is usually not difficult. The doctor performs a general examination of the pregnant woman, including an examination of the pharynx, oral cavity, and surrounding lymph nodes. A blood test and a mandatory throat swab are prescribed. A smear is necessary both to exclude diphtheria and to identify the sensitivity of microflora to various drugs. In a blood test with angina, an increased ESR, neutrophilic leukocytosis is usually noted.

Treatment in the first trimester

The main points of treatment are:

Bed rest, a sparing diet and plenty of fluids to remove toxins from the body.
Rinsing (at least 6 times a day) to remove microbes and toxic products of inflammation from the tonsils.
are assigned taking into account the sensitivity of pathogens to them. At high temperatures, antipyretics are used.
Antihistamines reduce swelling and allergic manifestations in the body of a pregnant woman.

Safe folk remedies and recipes

Traditional medicine has a storehouse of useful recipes for the treatment of acute tonsillitis. But everything must first be discussed with the attending physician.

The use of folk methods for the treatment of acute tonsillitis is permissible only after agreement with the doctor

Here you can apply such effective recipes:

With angina of pregnant women, it is useful to drink ginger tea with turmeric and honey

At a temperature, rubbing with a solution of vinegar in half with water is used. This remedy helps to avoid the use of more toxic antipyretic drugs.
Ginger tea with turmeric and honey, tea with lemon and honey, linden blossom decoction (gentle antipyretic) are used as drinks.
It is effective to use propolis in the form of an alcohol solution or extract for rinsing or resorption of propolis pieces in the oral cavity.
They are used to remove white plaque and relieve sore throat. A solution based on hydrogen peroxide is used, for which a tablespoon of peroxide is added to 100 g of water.
If the doctor has allowed inhalations, chamomile, peppermint, sage, pine buds can be used for them. From the same herbs, as well as herbs of horsetail and cornflower, they make antiseptic infusions for gargling. Inhalations with aromatic oils of rosehip, thyme or eucalyptus are shown.

In acute tonsillitis, such methods of treatment as compresses using alcohol or vodka, hot foot baths, use of a bath or sauna are contraindicated. These procedures can cause miscarriage.

Permitted medications in the first trimester

With angina in the first trimester of pregnancy, the use of many drugs is limited due to their toxic effects on the fetus. The following drugs are approved for use during this period.

If you cannot do without antibiotics, then officially acceptable drugs are penicillins (Amoxiclav, Ampicillin), cephalosporins (Cefazolin, Ceftriaxone), macrolides (Rovamycin, Sumamed).
A pregnant woman should not eat by force. It is recommended to take dietary food with a comfortable temperature to prevent mechanical damage to the follicles with purulent contents, and further spread of infection in the body.
Apply, furatsilin, miramistin, chlorophyllipt.

Tip: The use of only saline for rinsing with angina is not enough and is fraught with complications.

With angina, it is permissible to use topical sprays approved by the doctor

It is unacceptable to use hot drinks for angina in the form of teas, milk or herbal infusions.
Of the antipyretic drugs, paracetamol-based drugs are used. Aspirin is prohibited due to the risk of fetal abnormalities.
Irrigation of the throat with Bioparox is used locally.

Tip: It is forbidden to use antibiotics from the category of tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, levomycetin due to toxic effects on the fetus.

It is necessary to observe a number of measures in everyday life so that the body meets the disease fully armed. These are the following measures:

The first days of illness should be spent in bed to reduce the load on the kidneys and heart;
Warm chicken broth gives strength and eliminates the symptoms of intoxication;
As a drink for sore throat, various fruit drinks (currant, cranberry), kissels (raspberry, blueberry, lingonberry), compotes are used;
To reduce high temperature (above 38 degrees), rubbing with a water-vinegar solution, a cold compress on the forehead, wrists and under the knees are used.

To quickly relieve sore throat and facilitate swallowing, rinse with a special solution (a spoonful of salt in a glass of water, a pinch of soda and 5 drops of iodine).

Possible consequences and complications of the disease

An untreated or transferred angina on the legs can cause serious complications, and sometimes lead to death.

In advanced cases, acute tonsillitis can cause such diseases:

rheumatism;
meningitis;
pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis;
myocarditis;
pneumonia;
sepsis.

Such complications are extremely difficult not only for the expectant mother, but cause irreparable harm to the health of the baby. Occasionally, the fetus is able to contract this disease from the mother, which is fraught with fetal death.

Therefore, in order to defeat such an insidious enemy as a sore throat, to preserve your and your baby's health, you just need to contact a specialist immediately, starting to follow his recommendations as early as possible.

Video

Learn more about what medications you can actually take during pregnancy in this video.

Immunity in a pregnant woman is physiologically reduced, which contributes to the occurrence of viral and infectious diseases. Angina in the first trimester of pregnancy is especially detrimental to the unborn child, as in some cases it can cause hypoxia and even intrauterine fetal death. In pregnant women, this disease can occur without fever and classic symptoms.

A disease transferred on the legs or illiterately treated can lead to such serious diseases as pneumonia, meningitis, rheumatism, myocarditis. If acute tonsillitis is suspected, a woman should immediately consult a doctor for proper diagnosis and prescription of approved drugs. Bed rest and plenty of fluids are necessary to prevent complications after a sore throat.

Pregnancy is not always accompanied by positive emotions. Unfortunately, throughout the entire period, no woman is immune from infections. After all, the immunity of a pregnant woman is significantly reduced during this period, which allows bacteria and viruses to easily enter the body, thereby causing a lot of trouble. One of these diseases is tonsillitis (acute tonsillitis).

An acute infectious disease characterized by inflammation of the palatine tonsils. The causative agent of the disease are the bacteria Staphylococcus, Streptococcus. Acute tonsillitis during pregnancy is very dangerous, causing serious consequences.

Characteristic symptoms

Angina in pregnant women begins rapidly with the appearance of a severe sore throat, an increase in temperature to 39.5 ° C. In the future, weakness, headache, loss of appetite are added to these symptoms. On palpation, you can find an increase and soreness of the lymph nodes. White plaque or pustules form on red tonsils.

Common types of illness

Catarrhal angina during pregnancy

The disease proceeds in a mild form. There is an increase, inflammation of the palatine tonsils, but not significantly. A pregnant woman is worried about perspiration, sore throat, body temperature does not rise above 37.5 ° C.

Follicular form of angina

The disease is severe, the palatine tonsils swell significantly, become inflamed, pustules form, the temperature rises to 39 ° C.

Lacunar angina

The disease spreads very quickly throughout the body. A woman is worried about severe sore throat, increased salivation during pregnancy. There is a significant increase in temperature, vomiting and white plaque on the tonsils.

Herpetic sore throat during pregnancy.

This is the most dangerous type of disease, characterized by the appearance of blisters on the back wall of the larynx, which then quickly spread throughout the oral cavity. The temperature rises to 40 ° C, vomiting, weakness, pain in the muscles appear.

Consequences

Angina is especially dangerous in early pregnancy. The disease can have a negative impact on the formation of the placenta and the laying of vital organs in the fetus. In addition, it can cause oxygen starvation in the baby, lead to intrauterine death or miscarriage.

In the second and third trimesters, angina is no less dangerous, the fetus begins to suffer from a lack of oxygen, nutrients, and intoxication. The disease can cause disturbances in the development and formation of systems and organs in the unborn child.

Also, complications of angina can occur in the expectant mother:

otitis (ear pain, hearing loss),
phlegmon (spread of a purulent process to surrounding tissues),
swelling of the larynx (difficulty breathing),
lymphadenitis (inflammation of the lymph nodes),
myocardium, heart failure (chest pain, excessive sweating, shortness of breath, palpitations),
renal dysfunction (swelling of the extremities, back pain, increased blood pressure),
damage to the joints (pain and swelling of the tissues of the joints, an increase in the level of blood flow over the joint),
septic intoxication (disruption of the work of all organs, posing a threat to life).

All these serious consequences of angina usually occur against the background of untimely, as well as improper treatment. Therefore, you should immediately consult a doctor for diagnosis and treatment.

How to treat an infection

Treatment of angina during pregnancy should be comprehensive and include the use of drugs for sore throat, antipyretics, antibiotics. Fortunately, there are medications that expectant mothers can use. Therefore, it is possible and necessary to fight the disease.

How to deal with angina:

Gargle regularly with solutions (furatsilin, saline, soda) and decoctions of herbs (sage, chamomile).
Take drugs for sore throat (Givalex spray, Stopangin, Strepsils lollipops).
Take antipyretics. The temperature should be brought down already at around 38 ° C, since it can negatively affect the fetus. A woman is prescribed Panadol or Paracetamol.
Use approved antibiotics for sore throat during pregnancy. Unfortunately, it is very difficult to cure the disease without the use of antibiotics. The expectant mother is allowed Penicillin, Sumamed, Erythromycin. An antibiotic is prescribed only by a doctor, depending on the type of disease.
Observe the diet. A balanced diet (chicken broth, sour-milk products, cereals, lean meat, steam cutlets, stewed vegetables, vegetable and fruit puree) will help to quickly defeat the disease and restore the body. You also need to drink plenty of fluids if swelling (tea, compote, jelly) does not bother you. Spicy, spicy, fatty foods, sour juices, coffee, carbonated drinks are completely excluded from the diet.
Observe bed rest. In the first days of illness, the expectant mother should lie down and rest as much as possible.

It is important to note that it is not recommended to treat angina, especially in the early stages, with alternative methods. For example, soaring your legs during pregnancy, as this can cause uterine tone, and this is fraught with miscarriage.

Prevention of angina

Avoid contact with sick people. Clinics, shops, markets, shopping centers, public transport to visit, wearing a gauze bandage.
Take vitamins and eat more fresh fruits and vegetables.
Prevent the formation of foci of infection in the oral cavity (pharyngitis, caries).

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How to safely get rid of the disease without harming the fetus? Is it possible to drink antibiotics during pregnancy and are there any contraindications?

Angina and pregnancy

During pregnancy, women's immunity weakens. Due to this, respiratory diseases often develop, especially tonsillitis.

The disease is divided into several varieties, characterized by sore throat, hyperthermia and a number of other symptoms. To successfully cure it, you should familiarize yourself with the methods of therapy.

Definition

Angina is an infectious pathology caused by inflammation of the lymphatic pharyngeal ring, more often the palatine tonsils. The peak incidence is observed in autumn and spring.

Types of angina

Varieties of tonsillitis differ in the type of pathogen, symptoms. The method of therapy depends on the type of disease.

Purulent

This form is considered severe, accompanied by the presence of purulent plaque on the tonsils. The causative agents are bacteria (staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci) and viruses that have entered the body. With the provision of timely medical care, the disease recedes in 1 week. If left untreated, there is a risk of complications - paratonsillar abscess, meningitis, sepsis. The disease is treated with antibiotics, symptomatic agents.

Viral

This type of disease is provoked by viruses - rotaviruses, rhinoviruses, adenoviruses, Coxsackie viruses. Initially, pathogenic agents are localized in the back of the throat, later they move to the tonsils. Treatment occurs with the help of antiviral agents, antibiotics are powerless. The highest temperature is noted, unlike other types of tonsillitis.

infectious

This type of sore throat is caused by streptococci, staphylococci, fungi or viruses that cause inflammation of the tonsils. It proceeds brightly and sharply, with a pronounced clinical picture. Symptoms appear 1-4 days after infection with pathogenic agents. Therapy depends on the specific pathogen, the treatment is complex.

Combined with tonsillitis

Sometimes there is angina in conjunction with chronic tonsillitis. The disease develops as a result of not providing medical care in the acute phase, tonsillitis acts as a complication. The disease is fraught with the appearance of a scar at the site of a purulent plug. The tonsil tissue is completely replaced by connective tissue, they cease to perform a protective function. An infection that has settled in the tonsils constantly provokes the formation of pus, which is not only evacuated to the outside, but is also carried by the blood throughout the body. Against this background, inflammation of the heart, joints, kidneys, and brain often occurs.

Angina and pregnancy: risks at different gestation periods

Depending on the term, there are corresponding consequences of tonsillitis. Some of them are irreparable.

1 trimester

If inflammation of the tonsils occurs at 2-4 weeks of pregnancy, there is a danger. A woman at this time does not yet know about her situation, and treats a sore throat with antibiotics or antiviral agents that adversely affect the embryo. If you fight tonsillitis in this way, a miscarriage occurs before 4 weeks, or congenital malformations will develop.

Angina at 4-12 weeks is also dangerous. The woman already knows about her situation, the appropriate drugs are prescribed to her, but the pathogens still affect the fetus. They can disrupt its normal development and lead to incompatible malformations of the internal organs. The shorter the term, the greater the risk of miscarriage.

With tonsillitis, hyperthermia and general intoxication appear - another detrimental factor for the unborn child. An increase in temperature of more than 37.5 degrees is fraught with spontaneous miscarriage for up to 12 weeks. Termination of pregnancy occurs at the peak of the disease or a few weeks after the cure.

2 trimester

In the 2nd trimester, it is easier to cure a sore throat than at the beginning of pregnancy. By this time, the child has already formed organs, it is easier to select medicines. Consequences are less common than in the early periods of fetal formation. Negative phenomena occur in the mother in the first place.

A pregnant woman may experience:

myocarditis;
heart failure;
pyelonephritis.

In the case of untreated purulent tonsillitis, there is a risk of weakening labor activity.

3rd trimester

In the last phase of pregnancy, in the absence of treatment for tonsillitis, often occurs:

septic poisoning;
severe toxicosis;
premature birth;
detachment of the placenta.

In relation to the fetus, there are deviations in development, health problems.

Treatment of angina during pregnancy

Treat tonsillitis with the help of complex therapy:

A course of antibiotics, antiviral or antifungal agents is indicated. During pregnancy, a small list of such drugs is allowed, they do not affect the fetus. They take funds in short courses of 5-7 days, depending on the result.
Gargling the throat with herbs, antiseptic solutions.
Drinking plenty of warm water will help flush out toxins from the body.
Non-traditional methods will complement the effect of pharmaceutical preparations.

Hot foot baths are contraindicated for women in the position in the first trimester due to the threat of miscarriage. Pregnant women with high blood pressure and varicose veins are prohibited from these procedures at any time.

Where is the treatment

The fight against tonsillitis usually takes place at home. If a pregnant woman has a fever for longer than 5-7 days, there are intolerable symptoms, it is impossible to eat because of a sore throat - hospitalization is indicated.

What antibiotics are prescribed

The use of antibiotics for tonsillitis during pregnancy should meet the following conditions:

be effective against staphylococci, streptococci;
not have a teratogenic effect on the child.

Pregnant women are not prescribed antibiotics, according to studies of which a negative effect on the fetus in the form of anomalies was revealed.

Women in a position with tonsillitis need to be tested to identify the strain of the pathogen more often than others. It is especially important to know whether the antibiotic has a detrimental effect on the microorganism that caused the disease. This is due to the fact that pregnant women are prescribed narrowly targeted drugs. When the patient's condition is too severe, broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs are indicated.

Maintenance therapy with vitamins

With tonsillitis, it is necessary to strengthen the weakened protective functions of the body with vitamins. This is necessary so that the immune system can overcome infectious, viral or fungal agents, and finally recover. Vitamin C is prescribed. In its pure form, the microelement is dangerous for pregnant women, but in the form of food it is quite suitable. It is recommended to lean on fruits:

oranges;
strawberries;
a pineapple;
lemons.

Vegetables:

bell pepper;
chilli;
broccoli;
Brussels sprouts.

Do not eat lemons, as they can exacerbate symptoms, cause irritation of the mucosa.

A course of treatment

With proper therapy, recovery occurs within 7-10 days. If you ignore therapeutic measures, complications appear that require longer treatment - from 1 month to six months. The chronic stage of tonsillitis is eliminated in 14-21 days.

Consequences for the fetus

The most dangerous tonsillitis in the 1st trimester, namely:

in the follicular form, there is a risk of bacteria entering the bloodstream, septic poisoning develops;
intrauterine deviations in the development of the child and the formation of his organs;
freezing of the fetus.

In the later stages, the female body is exhausted, such problems may arise:

myocarditis;
throat abscess;
meningitis;
septic intoxication;
inflammation of the lymph nodes;
infectious polyarthritis.

There is also a risk of weak labor activity.

Is it possible to treat sore throat during pregnancy at home

You can fight inflammation of the tonsils at home, but under the supervision of a doctor. A woman should take her medications according to the doctor's instructions, according to the schedule.

Treatment of tonsillitis during pregnancy at home

At home, you can perform the following therapeutic measures:

strengthen the body with vitamins C as fruits, vegetables;
drink plenty of fluids;
irrigate the throat with alkaline solutions and herbal decoctions;
with a feeling of weakness, observe bed rest;
if the temperature rises, soak a towel in water, attach to the forehead, wipe the body with water and vinegar.

You can eliminate the pain with a novocaine compress, it is applied externally to the throat. For preparation, 100 milliliters of alcohol, an ampoule of novocaine (1.5-2 cubes), 2.5 g of menthol and 2 grams of Menovazin are used. The resulting mixture is impregnated with linen or a bandage. Put the application on the throat, cover with cling film and a scarf. Keep 10-15 minutes. After removing, wrap your neck with a warm scarf made of natural material.
Purulent plaque from the tonsils is removed with antiseptic solutions. It is necessary to irrigate the oropharynx hourly, 3-4 rinses. If accumulations of pus are not removed by home methods, they resort to a vacuum aspirator. This device cleans plaque in the doctor's office.
The tonsils are smeared with antibacterial drugs - the Lugol aerosol.
Preparations for point use - spray "Bioparox". It contains broad-spectrum antibacterial components - fusafungin.

If the condition worsens, call an ambulance.

How to rinse

With the help of irrigation of the throat, it will be possible to reduce the activity of pathogenic agents, and wash out the purulent plaque. It is recommended to carry out procedures based on such solutions:

"Furacilin" - dissolve 2 tablets in a glass of boiling water;
"Chlorhexine" - a solution with a concentration of 0.05%;
"Miramistin" - the solution is sold ready for use, they can still wipe the tonsils;
alcohol solution "Chlorophyllipt" - diluted in a ratio of 1:10.

It is allowed to gargle after eating an unlimited number of times a day, every hour. As the condition improves, the frequency of irrigation is reduced.

What drink

With tonsillitis, it is recommended to drink:

decoction of rose hips;
plain water;
weak tea;
fruit drinks;
natural juices.

All drinks must be warm.

What antibiotics can

Safe antibacterial drugs during pregnancy:

penicillin - "Amoxicillin", "Oxacillin", "Ampicillin";
cephalosporins - "Cefatoxime", "Cefazolin";
macrolides - "Azithromycin", "Erythromycin".

Such antibiotics are also prescribed during lactation. They are also suitable for newborns.

Risks for pregnancy and complications for the baby

Pathologies of the heart, joints and kidneys occur due to the fact that the body of a pregnant woman is too actively fighting the pathogenic agents that caused tonsillitis. Immunity, trying to extinguish the pathogen, spends a lot of energy. After recovery, the protective functions are at an extremely low level, so it cannot prevent complications.

You can fight tonsillitis during pregnancy quite successfully and without a lot of pharmaceutical preparations. With the proper use of non-traditional and gentle means, it is possible to obtain a decent result without a negative impact on the fetus.

Inflammation of the tonsils in the early stages is not a reason for an artificial abortion. With successful treatment, in most cases, pathologists pass without a trace, the child is born healthy.

Useful video

The tonsils perform a vital function. In fact, it is a kind of barrier to infections: viruses, bacteria and fungi. When a highly contagious infection enters the human body, inflammation of the tonsils can occur. This disease is called tonsillitis (in other words -).

Most often, tonsillitis develops against a background of reduced immunity. That is why pregnant women may experience this disease. it is possible from a sick person by airborne droplets or by contact. Also, the tonsils suffer in case of hypothermia (hypothermia) and excessive consumption of cold drinks.

Other causes and risk factors for sore throat in pregnancy are:

various diseases of the throat or nose;
injury to the tonsil (for example, solid food);
diseases of the teeth and gums;
lack of vitamins.

Tonsillitis leads to a functional disorder of the tonsils, they swell, become inflamed. From the mucous membrane begins to stand out mucopurulent exudate. Some forms of the disease are accompanied by suppuration in the tonsils. Undoubtedly, the symptoms that angina causes have a bad effect on the condition of the pregnant woman. If left untreated, there is a risk of infection spreading, suppuration of surrounding tissues, and even inflammation of the brain.

Angina during pregnancy: consequences for the fetus in the first, second and third trimester

It is dangerous, since at this time there is an active development of the child's organs. Severe temperature and intoxication of the body can lead to oxygen starvation and the appearance of deviations, therefore, at the end of treatment, you need to undergo an examination (ultrasound scan, take a blood test, etc.). Also, angina in pregnant women in the early stages worsens the manifestation of toxicosis.

Tonsillitis not only affects the health of the unborn child, but also directly threatens his life (it can cause miscarriage), and if the infection gets into the bloodstream, then infection of the fetus is possible.

Not as dangerous as the first one. Due to a weakened immune system, the risk of joining other ailments increases. In addition, they can remember chronic illnesses.

How does angina affect the fetus during pregnancy? Malformations at this time are no longer terrible, but complications of the disease can provoke premature birth or difficulties during childbirth. For these reasons, a woman in this position with inflammation of the tonsils is best treated in a hospital under the supervision of doctors.

Angina: its types, types, forms, severity

There are 3, which are determined depending on the causative agent of the disease:

. Most often caused by bacteria, less often - or pneumococci.
. It can occur when infected, various and, with the herpes virus, etc. The viral form of angina is more common in children.
. Often it is provoked by Candida fungi.

It also differs in its clinical manifestations and pharyngoscopy picture.

The main subspecies of this disease include:

. It is characterized by swelling of the tonsils and serous discharge.
. It is distinguished by the presence of pus in the follicles of the tonsils. It looks like whitish or yellowish raised spots on the mucous membrane.
Inflammation in the lacunae and follicles of the tonsils. It is distinguished by the appearance of a light coating.
fibrinous. Fibrinous layers appear on the tonsils. They can combine and completely cover the tonsils and even go beyond them.
Phlegmonous. It is characterized by the formation of pus inside the tonsils. The abscess after a while opens into the oral cavity. If it is located deep, then there is a risk of formation of a paratonsillar abscess.

The rarer types of tonsillitis include fungal, and,. As a rule, the disease affects the palatine tonsil, but there are also tonsillitis of atypical localization (angina of the lateral ridges, tonsillitis of the floor of the mouth, lingual or tubal tonsil).

Symptoms and manifestation of angina

With inflammation of the tonsils, pain immediately occurs, discomfort in the throat, dry cough. Quite often, the first sign of a sore throat in pregnant women is a fever. Due to headaches and weakness, performance is impaired. All these changes negatively affect the general state of health.

Symptoms of sore throat in pregnancy may include:

sore throat of varying intensity;
white patches on the tonsils or throat;
difficulty swallowing or eating;
excessive sweating;
loss of appetite;
enlargement of the lymph nodes;
labored breathing;
bad breath;
nausea;
cough.

Interesting fact! in most cases it reaches critically high levels and varies from 37 to 39 and above degrees.

Diagnosis of angina

If you notice the listed signs in yourself, then you need to contact a therapist (in severe cases, the help of an otolaryngologist may be required). Diagnosis of angina in pregnant women, in fact, as in non-pregnant women, consists of examining the throat with the help of special mirrors. This procedure is called pharyngoscopy. Also, the doctor should examine the nasal passages, nasopharynx and ears of the patient, as these organs are often affected simultaneously.

When examining the throat, signs such as:

red, swollen tonsils. The palate, the walls of the throat, the tongue, the palatine arches may also be inflamed;
plaque on the mucous membrane (white, yellowish or grayish) and on the tongue.

In the process of pharyngoscopy, the doctor must take swabs from your throat for further analysis for microflora and bacterial culture. They will show which bacteria caused inflammation of the tonsils. This information is important for proper antibiotic prescribing. Without analysis data, the doctor has to prescribe the drug at random, and the expectant mother does not need it: why put yourself at risk unnecessarily?

Important! Complications of tonsillitis during pregnancy can be avoided if you consult a doctor in time and start treatment.

Angina during pregnancy: treatment at all stages

Since bacterial tonsillitis is most common, doctors often prescribe antibiotics. Antibiotics for pregnant women are contraindicated, but they cannot be dispensed with, especially if there is a threat to the mother and fetus. The only case when such drugs are not needed is with a mild viral infection, as it passes on its own.

Preparations with penicillin, which are prescribed primarily to all patients with tonsillitis, are the least toxic, so they can also be used by pregnant women. These are drugs such as "", "Gramox", "Amofast", "", "". They cause minimal harm to the body and are active against most bacteria that cause tonsillitis.

Other pregnant women are given in cases where amoxicillin does not help or the patient is allergic to it. Then they can prescribe Azithromycin or Cefazolin. They have a wider spectrum of action, but more side effects. However, no adverse effects on the fetus have been identified.

High temperature with angina in pregnant women (especially in the first trimester) can harm the fetus, so it must be brought down without fail. For this, "" is optimal. It can be drunk every 4 hours, but not more than 4 times a day.

In addition, the treatment of angina during pregnancy should include:

bed rest;
regular treatment of the tonsils with an antiseptic;
taking vitamins to maintain immunity.

If a sore throat in pregnant women is not cured by the listed methods, there is a threat of spreading pus or overlapping of the larynx, then the treatment will include tonsillectomy (removal of the tonsils). This operation can be performed with a scalpel or other alternative methods (laser, etc.).

Important! Surgical treatment of angina in pregnant women in the 3rd trimester is not carried out.

Gargles, sprays and tablets for sore throats in pregnant women

To eliminate pain, burning and sore throat, you can gargle, or use anti-inflammatory and analgesic sprays or lozenges:

Strepsils. Available in tablets and spray form. This drug may have a different effect, depending on the composition. For example, Strepsils Plus lollipops have an antiseptic and analgesic effect, while Strepsils Menthol further reduces inflammation in the throat.
"Ingalipt". This spray contains an antibiotic and natural oils of peppermint and eucalyptus, which have an anti-inflammatory effect and soothe pain.
Lugol Spray. It contains iodine, known for its antiseptic properties. It is active against bacteria and fungi. "Lugol Spray" can be used in the 2nd and 3rd trimester.
Spray "Panavir". It destroys viruses and bacteria, relieves inflammation, strengthens the immune system and promotes the regeneration of the mucous membrane.
Tablets "Ajisept" is a combined antiseptic drug.
"Angi sept dr. Taysa". They have an antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory effect, relieve irritation. They come with the addition of sea buckthorn, sage, honey, lemon.

What can you gargle with?

The most elementary way is to make a solution from a glass of warm water, 1 tsp. soda and 1 tsp. salt. Antiseptics such as Furacilin, hydrogen peroxide, Miramistin, Angilex and various tinctures (propolis, calendula, etc.) are also suitable. Washing should be done 1 time in 1-2 hours.

There is another effective way to gargle. For 1 cup boiling water 1-2 cloves of garlic. Squeeze the garlic through the spadefoot into boiling water and leave to infuse until completely cooled. Then gargle with this infusion throat. Repeat the procedure 3-4 times a day.

During rinsing, harmful bacteria, as well as mucus, are washed out. The throat will be completely disinfected, which cannot be achieved by using a spray. It is best to combine different medicines.

Alternative treatment and nutrition for angina in pregnant women

Safer for a woman who is preparing to become a mother are traditional methods of treatment. However, even they can lead to complications, so it is recommended to consult a doctor before use.

Some of the popular treatments for tonsillitis include:

washing the throat using decoctions of herbs (chamomile, calendula, St. John's wort, sage);
. You can add sage, eucalyptus, thyme, chamomile, and other herbs or essential oils to the water. Inhalations are considered more effective with the help of a special device - a nebulizer. Various drugs can be added to it, including antibiotics;
garlic treatment. Garlic is a natural antibiotic that can help reduce the symptoms of a sore throat in pregnancy. You can chew a clove of garlic without swallowing it. Use onions along with garlic for added effectiveness;
lubricating the throat with honey mixed with aloe juice (2 tbsp honey and 1 tsp juice). This tool helps reduce swelling and inflammation, and also has an antiseptic effect.

How to bring down the temperature during pregnancy without pills?

It is necessary to drink plenty of fluids and wipe yourself with a cloth soaked in vinegar with warm water.

Also, during an illness, it is important to adhere to the rules of nutrition. pregnant women should be as useful as possible, saturated with vitamins. You can not lead the body to exhaustion. In order not to damage an already irritated throat, eat food in the form of mashed potatoes or soups.

A warm drink is very useful, in particular a decoction of chamomile, tea with raspberries, lemon, ginger, cinnamon, linden, or warm milk with honey.

It is worth noting! It is not possible to cure a sore throat during pregnancy if it is of a bacterial nature. Bacteria can only be treated with antibiotics.

How to prevent angina?

To prevent angina during pregnancy, use the following tips:

wash your hands regularly, especially if you work in a large team, and always after coming from the street;
avoid contact with sick people. If one of the family members gets sick, then the expectant mother needs to be very careful not to get infected. In no case do not use one dish! And when visiting the hospital, use a protective face mask;
gargle once a day with antiseptics to prevent the infection from spreading;
Strengthen your immune system with special vitamins for pregnant women;
it is advisable not to drink cold drinks if you have a tendency to tonsillitis.

Finally, it is worth noting that it is possible to treat a sore throat for pregnant women at home, but not always. If the doctor advises to go to the hospital, then it is better to listen to him in order to protect yourself and your child.

Informative video:

During pregnancy, a woman's immunity is weakened, so the risk of contracting various infections increases many times over. One of the most dangerous among them is tonsillitis: it can lead to serious complications in the mother and developmental defects in the fetus, so it is important to take this common disease seriously. If a sore throat is diagnosed in pregnant women, how to treat this disease without risk to the baby?

Angina is an infectious disease that is manifested by inflammation of the lymphadenoid tissue in the throat. However, not every sore throat is a symptom of a sore throat: similar symptoms occur, so you should definitely visit a doctor to make an accurate diagnosis.

In addition to increasing sore throat, sore throat is accompanied by the following symptoms:

Temperature increase. It is the intense heat that poses the greatest danger to the fetus: it can cause placental abruption, which ends in miscarriage. In addition, due to a strong increase in temperature, oxygen starvation of the fetus is possible, leading to irreparable consequences.
Difficulty swallowing, hoarseness of voice. This is one of the most common symptoms by which angina is determined.
General weakness due to intoxication. In no case should you carry the disease on your legs, and if you have a sore throat and fever, you should immediately take action.

The doctor will evaluate the enlargement of the tonsils, a plaque appears on them, by which it is possible to determine which specific type of angina has to be dealt with. Acute tonsillitis is usually also accompanied by an increase in submandibular lymph nodes, which indicates an inflammatory process.

How can angina be treated for pregnant women?

The main method of treatment is antibacterial therapy, which involves the appointment of antibiotics. Today, there are those who do not penetrate the placenta into the body of the fetus and do not harm it, but only a doctor can choose the full course of treatment and prescribe the dosage. Self-medication in this matter is very dangerous, since some types of drugs can lead to malformations.

How can you quickly and effectively cure a sore throat

Permitted antibiotics include the penicillin group: these are drugs such as Ampicillin, Amoxiclav and some other drugs. Cephalosporins (Cefazolin) and Erythromycin may also be prescribed. In some cases, Sumamed is prescribed. Antibiotics of the tetracycline group and Levomycetin are not prescribed for pregnant women, as they are dangerous for the fetus.

When the temperature rises, it is important to take the right measures and prevent the body of the mother and child from suffering from heat:

Aspirin is strictly forbidden to take: it promotes blood thinning, provokes placental abruption and internal bleeding.
However, you can use Paracetamol and Panadol: Paracetamol quickly reduces the temperature, in addition, it does not have a harmful effect on the body of the mother and baby.

An additional method is local exposure: these are various lozenges. They also help improve overall well-being. The choice today is quite wide: these are Strepsils, Decatilen, in addition, you can use various sprays to irrigate the pharynx. It is only important to strictly observe the dosage in order to prevent excessive use of drugs. In addition to timely medication, it is important to follow other doctor's recommendations.

Patients are shown bed rest and heavy drinking: while fruit drinks and acidic juices are not suitable, as they irritate the mucous membranes.

The best option is warm (but not hot) milk with honey, you can also drink ginger tea. It is important to observe the diet: foods should be easy to digest and nutritious. These are various soups and broths, mostly vegetable, protein foods and fresh fruits should be present in the diet. It is best to avoid fatty foods. as they are slowly digested and delay recovery.

Alternative methods of treatment of angina in pregnant women

In parallel with taking the drugs prescribed by the doctor, you can use folk remedies that will not harm the baby, but will help to cope with the disease. There are several options for such procedures:

The most effective method is gargling with a decoction of sage or chamomile. It helps reduce inflammation, relieves pain and improves overall health. At the same time, decoctions of medicinal herbs are harmless and harmless to the fetus.
You can drink rosehip broth: it contains a large amount of vitamin C and helps to strengthen the immune system. Drinking plenty of fluids removes toxins from the body, so recovery will be faster.
To reduce the temperature without Aspirin, you can use wiping with water and vinegar: this tool has been tested for a long time, and it has shown its effectiveness.
For you can use not Miramistin and other antibiotics, but. It helps to remove plaque and alleviate the condition.

What is angina? - Forms of the disease, their symptoms and treatment

It is important to remember that various thermal procedures are contraindicated for pregnant women: hot foot baths are unacceptable in the first trimester, as they can lead to spontaneous miscarriage.

More information about angina can be found in the video.

In addition, you can not carry out inhalations and put warm compresses. The main principle when choosing methods is not to harm the child and mother, so it is important to strictly follow the doctor's recommendation.

You can not replace one method with another, for example, take homeopathic medicines instead of antibiotics. The doctor will prescribe the correct dosage of medicines that will not harm either the mother or the baby.

It is important not to delay the visit to the doctor for a long time, as complications can occur suddenly, and the consequences can be difficult to predict. If you have a sore throat and a fever, you should not go to work: it is better to stay at home and call a doctor. In most cases, angina ends with the patient's recovery without consequences, but sometimes it leads to various negative phenomena.

The most formidable among them is heart disease: the body fights the disease by producing antibodies, which can then begin to negatively affect the body. Also, a complication of angina is myocarditis: inflammation of the heart muscle, which can occur a few weeks after the disease itself, if you move it on your feet and do not drink the medicine prescribed by your doctor.

In addition, joint damage is possible due to infection in the connective tissue: rheumatism causes severe pain and limited mobility. There is swelling of the joints with reddening of the skin, and the pain may be wandering.

Treatment can take a long time, medications and physical therapy will be required, and many methods are not applicable during pregnancy.

For the fetus, hypoxia can become the most terrible complication: due to a lack of oxygen, various malformations occur, and CNS damage is possible.

chronic pharyngitis.

The expectant mother should be especially attentive to her health: taking care of herself will help the baby be born healthy and prevent any consequences of infectious diseases. Simple measures and following the recommendations of the doctor will ensure the normal development of the fetus.