Modular application. Modular application (mosaic) for children. Mosaic material
One of the closest and most natural activities for a preschool child is visual activity. Visual activity in kindergarten is an effective means of understanding reality. It helps the development and formation of visual perceptions, imagination, spatial representations, memory, feelings and other mental processes. Such personality traits as perseverance, purposefulness, accuracy, diligence are formed. In the process of visual activity, preschoolers learn a number of graphic and pictorial skills and abilities, learn to analyze objects and phenomena of the world around them. It is important for the development of fine motor skills of the fingers, their muscles, coordination of movements. Visual activity is of great importance in solving the problems of aesthetic education, since by its nature it is an artistic activity, and, in particular, the application affects the comprehensive development and upbringing of a preschooler.
- mental education. The stock of knowledge is gradually expanding on the basis of ideas about the various forms and spatial position of objects in the surrounding world, various sizes, and the variety of shades of colors. Mental operations are formed: analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization. Children's speech develops, vocabulary is enriched, coherent speech is formed, and figurative speech develops. When conducting classes, favorable conditions are created for the formation of such personality traits as inquisitiveness, initiative, mental activity, independence.
- Sensory education. Direct, sensitive acquaintance with objects and phenomena, with their properties and qualities.
- moral education. Visual activity () should be used to educate children in love for all the best, fair. Moral and volitional qualities are brought up: to bring what has been started to the end, to work with concentration and purposefully, to help a comrade, to overcome difficulties, etc.
- Labor education. It combines mental and physical activity. The ability to cut, handle scissors, use a brush and glue requires a certain amount of physical strength, labor skills. The participation of children in preparing for classes and cleaning up after them contributes to the formation of diligence.
- aesthetic education. A sense of color, when an aesthetic feeling arises from the perception of beautiful color combinations. The sense of rhythm arises when, first of all, the rhythmic harmony of an object, the rhythmic arrangement of its parts, is perceived. A sense of proportion - constructive integrity - is developed when perceiving a variety of buildings. Gradually, children develop artistic taste.
Application translated from Latin means "attachment". This is one of the types of fine art. It is based on cutting out various details and applying them to the background in a certain order. Details are fixed on the basis with the help of various adhesives, threads. At present, a wide variety of elements can be used in the application: various types of paper, fabrics, threads, straws, fur, shells, sand, birch bark, dried plants, leaves, seeds and other natural materials.
Application history
Application as one of the visual techniques originated quite a long time ago. Since time immemorial, it has been used to decorate clothes, shoes, tools, and household utensils. Most likely, it was the need to sew skins that laid the foundation for decorating clothes, and not just connecting its details. Much later, pieces of felt, fur, leather of various colors and shades began to be attached to clothes. And so the application was born. The subjects for her were birds, animals, people, beautiful plants and flowers. Later, threads, metal and chased plates, beads, and beads began to be used. After paper was invented, people began to make paper applications. Flat silhouettes, book illustrations, household and battle scenes were cut out of dark paper. Both noble and poor people were fond of this. At present, the application has firmly entered our lives. It is done by people of all ages.
Application is one of the types of graphic activity based on cutting out, overlaying various forms and fixing them on another material, taken as the background, the simplest and most affordable way to create artwork.
Application types
- subject, consisting of individual images (leaf, branch, tree, bird, flower, animal, person, etc.);
- plot, displaying certain events;
- decorative, including ornaments, patterns that can be used to decorate various objects.
At present, educators of preschool educational institutions tend to to traditional technology learning applications for children, namely:
- Compose a decorative pattern from various paper geometric shapes and plant (leaf, flower) details, arranging them in a certain rhythm on a cardboard base.
- Compose an image of an object from colored paper from separate parts; portray the story.
- Master various techniques for obtaining details for paper appliqué: cutting with different techniques, cutting, weaving; as well as the technique of attaching them to the base.
- Compose an image of an object (plot) using the origami technique.
And it is rare to find teachers who use non-traditional application techniques in their work.
Working with various materials, in various artistic techniques expands the child's capabilities, develops a sense of color, harmony, imagination space, imaginative thinking, and creative abilities.
Non-traditional application techniques
- Breakaway application
This method is good for conveying the texture of the image (fluffy chicken, curly cloud). In this case, we tear the paper into pieces and make an image out of them. Children 5-7 years old can complicate the technique: not just tear pieces of paper, as it turns out, but pluck or cut off the outline drawing. Breakaway applique is very useful for developing fine motor skills and creative thinking.
- overhead application
This technique allows you to get a multi-color image. We conceive the image and consistently create it, overlaying and gluing the details in layers so that each next detail is smaller than the previous one in size.
- Modular application (mosaic)
With this technique, the image is obtained by gluing many identical shapes. As a basis for a modular application, cut out circles, squares, triangles, or simply torn pieces of paper can be used.
- Symmetrical appliqué
For symmetrical images, we fold the blank - a square or rectangle of paper of the desired size - in half, hold it by the fold, cut out half of the image.
- Tape applique
- Silhouette application
Quilling (English quilling - from the word quill (bird feather), also paper rolling), is the art of making flat or voluminous compositions from long and narrow strips of paper twisted into spirals.
Facing is one of the types of paper needlework. This technique can be attributed both to the method of application and to the type of quilling. With the help of facing, you can create amazing three-dimensional paintings, mosaics, panels, decorative interior elements, postcards. This technique is quite popular, the interest in it is due to the unusual effect of "fluffiness" and the easy way to perform it.
- Collage
Collage (from French collage - gluing) is a technique in the visual arts, which consists in creating paintings or graphic works by gluing objects and materials that differ from the base in color and texture onto a base. A collage is also called a work entirely made in this technique. Collage is used mainly to obtain the effect of surprise from the combination of dissimilar materials, as well as for the emotional richness and sharpness of the work.
- Origami
Origami (from Japanese folded paper) - a type of arts and crafts; the ancient art of paper folding. Classical origami is folded from a square sheet of paper and prescribes the use of one sheet of paper without the use of glue and scissors.
- Application
Napkins are a very interesting material for children's creativity. You can make different crafts from them. This type of creativity has a number of advantages:
- the ability to create masterpieces without scissors;
- development of fine motor skills of small hands;
- development of tactile perception, using paper of various textures;
- wide opportunities for creativity.
Corrugated paper is one type of so-called ornamental paper. Compared to ordinary paper, it appeared relatively recently. It is very soft, delicate and pleasant to the touch. The children love the gorgeous colors and enjoy working with it in their art classes. This is an excellent decorative and ornamental material that allows you to create decorations, colorful toys, original garlands and magnificent bouquets, costumes that can be a great gift for the holiday.
- Application
Type of stitching. Appliqué embroidery consists in reinforcing pieces of another fabric on a certain background of fabric. Fabric applications are reinforced either by sewing or gluing. Fabric appliqué can be subject, plot and decorative; one-color, two-color and multi-color. Making appliqué from fabric requires certain skills. Firstly, one must be able to cut fabric (fabric is more difficult to cut than paper); secondly, the edges of the fabric can crumble and complicate the work.
- Application from cereals
For young children it is useful to develop fine motor skills. Touching objects with your fingers, learning to make plucked movements, of course, is important. But children over the age of one year are interested in seeing the result of their work immediately. The application of cereals becomes the most attractive for them in this regard. With cereals, you can create different crafts with kids. To do this, semolina, rice, millet are painted in various colors using gouache and water.
Ladybug from circles.
The application of circles is to some extent very similar to the designer. On the one hand, the child learns to work with colored paper, cut out figures, fold, glue. On the other hand, the child must assemble an image from identical modules, for this he needs to mentally imagine the finished result. Application from circles helps to develop figurative thinking in a child, which is very important in the work of a constructor, architect, designer.
We will need: two red circles with a diameter of 8 cm and two black circles with a diameter of 5 and 7 cm.
Take a sheet of white paper and glue a large black circle to it. This will be the body of the ladybug. Make the head from a smaller black circle, fold it in half and glue it to the body.
Make the wings from two red circles, fold them in half and glue the lower halves to the body, as shown in the picture.
Make or glue plastic eyes. Use a felt-tip pen to draw the antennae, paws and dots on the back.
Ladybugs are predatory insects, but they are not dangerous for humans, and even vice versa, they are very useful, they are of great benefit by eating harmful insects on plants in gardens and orchards. Their bright coloration tells the birds that they are not edible beetles.
Donkey from circles.
You will need:
4 red circles: three - 4 cm in diameter and one - 7 cm in diameter, 5 blue circles - 4 cm in diameter, 1 pink circle - 3 cm in diameter.
For the torso, take the big red circle and fold it so that the crease is below the diameter line. Fold 4 blue circles in half twice. These will be the donkey's legs.
For the background, take a sheet of colored paper and glue the torso and legs of the donkey. Bend the edge of the red circle above the diameter line and glue the donkey's neck. For the head, fold the edges of the blue circle on both sides. Fold the edge of the pink circle and glue it to the head. From the remaining two circles we make ears, fold them in half and glue them to the top of the head.
We glue the eye, with a felt-tip pen we draw a mane, hooves and a tail. The application of circles in the form of a donkey is ready.
Applications for children are one of the most favorite games and fun. But it is precisely by playing that the little ones learn! They are gradually mastered in the world of colors and shapes. And yet, they get satisfaction from the fact that they themselves, with their own hands, can create beauty. And if parents want to help their child, we will suggest ideas for colored paper applications.
What we can offer:
- Schemes and stencils for applications of different figures: flowers, animals, insects and fairy-tale characters.
- Let's show what entertaining non-traditional application techniques are.
- And, of course, we will give you a lot of positive! We are sure you will have fun with us!
For the little ones
Who said that the plot application is difficult? Even the younger group can handle some types of applications. We will now create a beautiful basket, and there are flowers in it.
What we may need for the application:
- Colored thin paper;
- Cardboard;
- Pencil;
- Stencils;
- Glue.
Hedgehog
Applications for the smallest are creativity, where the abilities of even the tiniest fidget are taken into account. And this example with a “hedgehog” is just right for little ones, which by the age of three they still cannot cut and glue, but they will do a great job of participating in the work. How?
Ladybug voluminous
This application is perfect for children 3-4 years old. It is very easy to make.
Application execution sequence: 
Flower meadow
This glade is an application in the younger group for children 4 years old. It can be any size and color. And several kids can work together on it at the same time. It is important only for each of them to indicate his scope of work.
Lesson in 3 stages: 
Little funny chicken
You can make holiday cards in a very original way. This will help the application in the preparatory group.
You need to cut out the following details: 
chick
Toddlers think abstractly, for them such a trifle as the color or shape of a character does not matter, if at the same time his image conveys emotions similar to children's. But how to make the application just such that the baby feels a kindred spirit? Here's a great example!
Meet Chypa! Him:
- The body is a square;
- Eye - 2 circles (black and white, and white with a little more);
- The beak is a triangle;
- The paws are also triangular;
- Wing - a semicircle;
- The crest is a crescent.
And now, trust the little one, let him choose what will be what color! Explain that each figure indicates why the bird is doing this. Is it really interesting? So, finding the right stencils for applications is already a game. It remains only to glue everything!
Sun
We complicate the task. We have to help the kids learn how to make a panel application. There are many details that are both a background and an independent part of the picture. The central part is the mischievous muzzle of the smiling Sun.
Leave the smile to your kitten. Or you can print ready-made muzzles:
And do yourself the preparation of yellow, golden and orange circles of different sizes.
We collect a picture on a blue background.
You can stick circles in the form of rays, or in a circle, the main thing is to alternate their colors. The Sun itself will be placed in the middle of the panel.
Lilac
Probably, a broken appliqué is the sweetest and most gentle thing you can imagine. She just looks so fluffy that I can't believe it's all made. A torn appliqué acquires such an effect due to small uneven parts assembled into one composition.
Bouquet
These are not just flowers, but a structure that will stand. In this case, we will make all parts of the plant. Flowers, leaves and stems. This simple application in the middle group will be mastered by children very quickly.
Snowman
We made greeting cards, invitations to a celebration, paintings and even a memory of your little one's childhood. But now we will try to make a Christmas tree toy.
And since it consists of two bases and 16 circles, we print out templates for applications, this will allow you to quickly, and not linger on the preparatory work, proceed to the design of the toy.
More about preparations. The base is 2 circles of the same size, drawn with a figure eight. Additional circles are equal in diameter to those in the base.
We also need a rope 4 times the length of the base. and decorative beads. 
glade
Glade is a multi-composition application in kindergarten for children 5-6 years old. Here we will get acquainted with the models that must first be made, and only then fixed on the basis. Volumetric types of applications are made in such an original pattern.
Our base is blue cardboard. This is the sky. The sun is shining. Grass grows in which flowers bloom. And above them flutter butterflies and dragonflies. All parts are made of paper folded into an accordion. 
Piggy bank of master classes on applications + interesting ideas
It is nice to know that the different types of appliqués made by children, such as appliqués made from torn paper, or from corrugated material, are a good memory. Yes, and irrefutable evidence that our little ones have talent. The child is developing. And in this we help him.
Today I want to introduce you to different application techniques. And since Easter will be very soon, I propose to make children's applications from colored paper on the theme of Easter.
Application for Easter " Chicken in the shell».
For manufacturing we need:
- colored paper;
- a sheet of colored cardboard,
- scissors;
Print our patterns on the printer or draw them yourself.
And cut out all the necessary details from colored paper.
Children's applications in different techniques
Breakaway application. Using this technique, you can make such wonderful Easter eggs! Take colored paper or unwanted magazines and let your baby tear them into pieces. On a sheet of cardboard, draw the outline of the eggs, and now let the kid stick the pieces of paper.
With help overhead applications you can create real pictures! Details are glued as follows: first large ones, and smaller ones on top of them.
- resembles a mosaic. A lot of identical figures are cut out of paper, and then a whole image is formed from them.
A sheet of paper is folded in half and half of the image is cut out. When the sheet is unfolded, you get a whole figure.
With this technique, you can get a real garland from the desired image. Example, flower heart:
