Biology test on the topic "Metabolism: energy and plastic metabolism" (Grade 10). Tests for preparing for the exam in biology Tests for energy metabolism exam complex
Test "Energy metabolism in the cell"
Methods for setting final grades for the test:
1. If the tested person scored 60 or less percent of correct answers (less than 8 points), he receives a score of 2;
2. If the tested person scored from 61 to 75 percent of correct answers (from 8 to 10 points), he receives a mark of 3;
3. If the tested person scored from 76 to 89 percent of correct answers (from 11 to 12 points), he receives a score of 4;
4. If the tested person scored 90 or more percent of correct answers (more than 12 points), he receives a mark of 5.
1. Oxidation of PVC during aerobic respiration occurs in:
A) Chloroplast B) Cytoplasm C) Matrix D) Mitochondria
2. The stepwise oxidation of glucose allows:
A) Get more energy B) Protect the cell from overheating
C) Use oxygen more economically D) Reduce the amount of energy received
3. Where does ATP synthesis take place:
A) Chloroplast B) Cytoplasm C) Matrix D) Mitochondria
4. Glycolysis occurs in:
A) Muscle cells during the accumulation of lactic acid B) Mitochondria during the formation of ATP
C) Human erythrocytes D) Mloroplasts in the light phase
5. Glycolysis is on
A) On the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum B) On the membranes of mitochondria
C) In the hyaloplasm D) In the Golgi apparatus
6. Glycolysis is:
a) Do anaerobic organisms live in anoxic conditions?
B) Molecular formula of glucose:
C) Describe the heterotrophic type of nutrition. Give examples of heterotrophs.
D) Describe the autotrophic type of nutrition. Give examples of autotrophs.
7. Choose the correct variant of the sequences of energy metabolism processes:
A) 1. Preparatory stage. 2 - Anaerobic. 3 - Aerobic.
B) 1. Preparatory stage. 3 - Aerobic. 2 - Anaerobic
C) 1 Preparatory stage. 3 - Aerobic. 2 - Glycolysis
8. Oxidation of PVC during aerobic respiration occurs in:
A. Chloroplast B) Cytoplasm C) Matrix D) Mitochondria
9. The relationship of plastic and energy metabolism is manifested in the fact that:
A) Plastic metabolism supplies organic substances for energy
B) Energy exchange supplies oxygen for plastic
C) Plastic metabolism supplies ATP molecules for energy
D) Plastic exchange supplies water for energy
10. At the first stage of its breakdown, glucose:
A) Oxidized to carbon dioxide and water
B) does not change
B) undergoes fermentation
D) Breaks down to two three-carbon molecules of PVC (pyruvic acid).
T05.02 Testing on the topic "Metabolism and energy conversion in the cell" Option 1. Choose one correct answer: 1. The totality of reactions of synthesis of organic substances of the cell involved in its construction and renewal of the composition: A) plastic metabolism B) glycolysis C) energy exchange D) catabolism 2. The synthesis of carbohydrates occurs in a plant cell: A) during the entire process of photosynthesis B) in the light phase C) in the dark phase D) does not occur. 3. End products of the preparatory stage of energy metabolism in the cell: A) carbon dioxide and water B) glucose and amino acids C) proteins and fats D) ADP, ATP. 4. In the process of energy metabolism: A) more complex carbohydrates are synthesized from less complex ones. B) fats are converted into glycerol and fatty acids. C) proteins are oxidized with the formation of carbon dioxide, water and ammonia D) ATP is synthesized and energy is released. 5. At what stage of energy metabolism are 2 ATP molecules synthesized? A) glycolysis B) preparatory stage C) oxygen stage D) entry of substances into the cell. 6. A set of reactions for the synthesis of organic substances from inorganic substances using light energy is called: A) chemosynthesis B) fermentation C) glycolysis D) photosynthesis. 7. Establish a sequence of stages of energy metabolism. (write the answer as a sequence of letters) A. splitting of biopolymers to monomers. B. The entry of organic substances into the cell. B. Oxidation of pyruvic acid to carbon dioxide and water. D. Breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid. D. Synthesis of two ATP molecules. E. synthesis of 36 ATP molecules. 8. Establish a correspondence between the phase of photosynthesis and the products obtained as a result of it: 1. Light phase A) glucose 2. Dark phase B) molecular oxygen C) water D) ATP E) hydrogen atoms Testing on the topic "Metabolism and energy conversion" Option 2. Choose one correct answer: 1. A set of decomposition reactions of the organic substances of the cell that provide it with energy: A) plastic metabolism B) energy metabolism C) anabolism D) transcription 2. As a result of the oxygen stage of energy metabolism, molecules are synthesized in the cell: A) proteins B) glucose C) ATP D) enzymes 3. Organisms that are characterized by only 2 stages of energy metabolism: A) aerobes B) anaerobes C) heterotrophs D) autotrophs 4. The universal source of energy in the cell is: A) uracil B) ATP C ) amino acid D) RNA e) DNA f) adenine itochondria. 6. At what stage of energy metabolism are 36 ATP molecules synthesized? A) glycolysis B) preparatory stage C) oxygen stage D) entry of substances into the cell. 7. Set the correct sequence of photosynthesis processes. A. excitation of chlorophyll. B. glucose synthesis. C. connection of electrons with a carrier molecule D. fixation of carbon dioxide E. photolysis of water. 8. Establish a correspondence between the signs of metabolism and its stages. 1. Substances are oxidized. A. plastic exchange 2. Substances are synthesized. B. energy metabolism 3. energy is stored in ATP molecules. 4.Energy is consumed. 5. ribosomes are involved in the process. 6.mitochondria are involved in the process. Key 1 option 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. BAGDVE 8. 1. BGD 2 VA 2 option 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. VADGB 8. A. 2, 4, 5 B. 1, 3, 6 Type of control: current Control form: frontal Control method: testing Time: 15 minutes
Checking knowledge on the topic: “Energy exchange. Glycolysis. Breathing. Grade 11
1. In the preparatory stage of energy metabolism,
1) splitting of biopolymers to monomers
2) protein synthesis from amino acids
3) synthesis of polysaccharides from glucose and fructose
4) breakdown of glucose to lactic acid
2. The breakdown of polysaccharides to monosaccharides in the cell occurs with the participation of enzymes
1) lysosomes 2) ribosomes 3) Golgi complex 4) endoplasmic reticulum
3. Thanks to energy metabolism, the cell is provided
1) proteins 2) carbohydrates 3) lipids 4) ATP molecules
4. The reactions of splitting organic substances in the cell occur with
1) freeing energy 2) using solar energy
3) the formation of biopolymers 4) the reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates
5. The breakdown of lipids to glycerol and fatty acids occurs in
1) the preparatory stage of energy metabolism 2) the process of glycolysis
3) the oxygen stage of energy metabolism 4) the course of plastic exchange
6. In the process of energy metabolism
1) fats are formed from glycerol and fatty acids 2) ATP molecules are synthesized
3) inorganic substances are synthesized 4) proteins are formed from amino acids
7. Oxidation of organic substances, which leads to the release of energy, occurs in
1) stomach cavity 2) liver ducts
3) body cells 4) small intestine cavities
8. Oxidation of organic substances with the release of energy in the cell occurs in the process
1) nutrition 2) respiration 3) excretion 4) photosynthesis
9. Oxidation reactions of organic substances and the synthesis of ATP molecules in the cell are classified as
1) energy metabolism 2) plastic metabolism
3) photosynthesis 4) chemosynthesis
10. What is the function of ATP molecules in a cell?
1) structural 2) transport
3) regulatory 4) energy
11. The process of splitting biopolymers to monomers with the release of a small amount of energy in the form of heat is typical for
1) the preparatory stage of energy metabolism
2) oxygen-free stage of energy metabolism
3) oxygen stage of energy metabolism
4) fermentation process
12. With the cessation of energy metabolism, the cell ceases to be supplied
1) lipids 2) ATP molecules
3) proteins 4) carbohydrates
13. Enzymatic breakdown of glucose without the participation of oxygen is
1) preparatory stage of exchange 2) plastic exchange
3) glycolysis 4) biological oxidation
14. The value of glucose oxidation is to provide cells
1) enzymes 2) vitamins
3) energy 4) building material
15. A strict sequence of many chemical reactions of the oxygen-free stage of energy metabolism is provided
1) a set of enzymes 2) ATP molecules
3) many hormones 4) RNA molecules
16. In mitochondria, unlike chloroplasts,
1) photolysis of water with the release of hydrogen and oxygen
2) biosynthesis of proteins from amino acids
3) oxidation of organic substances with the release of energy
4) splitting of biopolymers to monomers
17. The energy used by a person in the process of life is released in the cells
1) in the formation of organic substances from inorganic
2) during the transfer of nutrients by the blood
3) during the oxidation of organic substances
4) in the process of synthesis of complex organic substances
18. Under aerobic conditions, with the complete oxidation of glucose in the cell,
1) lactic acid 2) carbon dioxide
3) amino acid 4) glycogen
19. How many ATP molecules are formed due to the oxidation of one glucose molecule under anaerobic conditions?
1) 18 2) 2 3) 36 4) 38
20. The greatest amount of energy is released during splitting
1) polysaccharides to monosaccharides 2) proteins to amino acids
3) lipids to glycerol and fatty acids 4) ATP and its transformation into ADP
21. Oxygen oxidation of amino acids and fatty acids during energy metabolism occurs in
1) chromosomes 2) chloroplasts 3) ribosomes 4) mitochondria
22. Energy metabolism reactions in aerobes end with the formation
1) amino acids and glucose 2) carbohydrates and proteins
3) carbon dioxide and water 4) pyruvic acid
23. When breathing, the body receives energy due to
1) oxidation of organic substances 2) reduction of organic substances
3) oxidation of mineral substances 4) restoration of mineral substances
24. In yeast cells, during fermentation, ATP molecules are synthesized and, at the same time,
1) ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide 2) starch and glucose
3) oxygen and water 4) lactic acid
25. The relationship between plastic and energy metabolism is that energy for
1) photosynthesis supplies energy metabolism
2) the synthesis of substances supplies energy metabolism
3) the movement of substances supplies plastic metabolism
4) cell division supplies plastic exchange
26. Where does the anaerobic stage of glycolysis take place
a) mitochondria b) lungs c) digestive tube d) cytoplasm
27 The importance of providing the body with building material
a) energy metabolism b) plastic metabolism
c) light phase of photosynthesis d) oxidation of organic substances
28. In what organelles of a human cell is the oxidation of PVC with the release of energy
a) ribosomes b) nucleolus c) chromosomes d) mitochondria
29. Choose three correct answers
Select the characteristics related to the oxygen stage of metabolism
1. occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell 4. 2 ATP molecules are formed
2. occurs in mitochondria 5. ATP, carbon dioxide, water are formed
3. PVC is formed 6. 36 ATP molecules are formed
30 How many ATP molecules will be synthesized in cells during glycolysis if a fragment of a glycogen molecule containing 100 glucose residues is oxidized? Explain the answer.
31. How many ATP molecules will be synthesized in eukaryotic cells upon complete oxidation of a fragment of a starch molecule consisting of 10 glucose residues? Explain the answer.
1 option
A1. The following organisms are capable of photosynthesis:
boletus and chanterelle
linden and duckweed
roundworm and tapeworm
amoeba and infusoria
A2. The starting material for the formation of photosynthesis products are:
mineral salts
water and oxygen
carbon dioxide and water
starch
A3. The formation of carbohydrates occurs in:
grana of chloroplasts
mitochondrial cristae
golgi apparatus
EPS membranes
A4. As a result of photosynthesis, the process of converting light energy into:
electrical energy
chemical energy of organic compounds
thermal energy
chemical energy of inorganic compounds
A5. As a result of photosynthesis in chloroplasts, the following is formed:
carbon dioxide and oxygen
glucose and oxygen
chlorophyll, water and oxygen
carbon dioxide, ATP and chlorophyll
A6. The biological meaning of heterotrophic nutrition is:
synthesis of own organic compounds from inorganic
consumption of inorganic compounds
oxidation of finished organic compounds and subsequent synthesis of new organic substances
ATP synthesis
A7. The end products of the oxidation of organic substances are:
ADP and water
Ammonia and carbon dioxide
Water and carbon dioxide
ATP and oxygen
A8. The meaning of anaerobic glycolysis is:
formation of lactic acid, ATP, water and oxygen carriers
the formation of glucose; FDF, CO2
formation of 36 molecules of ATP, glucose, water
oxygen-free breakdown of proteins into amino acids
A9. Glycolysis occurs in:
mitochondria
digestive tract
ribosomes
cell cytoplasm
A10. The source of energy released during glycolysis is:
protein
glucose
ATP
Fat
IN 1. What are the common properties of mitochondria and chloroplasts?
do not divide during the life of the cell
have their own genetic material
are single membrane
contain enzymes of oxidative phosphorylation
have a double membrane
involved in ATP synthesis
AT 2. Establish a correspondence between the characteristics of metabolism in a cell and its type.
Characteristic
Type of metabolism
occurs in lysosomes, mitochondria, cytoplasm
occurs on ribosomes, in chloroplasts
organic matter is broken down
organic substances are synthesized
energy stored in ATP molecules is used
energy is released and stored in ATP molecules
A) energetic
B) plastic
AT 3. Establish a correspondence between the sign of energy metabolism and its stage.
Exchange signs
Stages of energy metabolism
pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide and water
glucose is broken down to pyruvic acid
2 ATP molecules are synthesized
26 ATP molecules are synthesized
happens in mitochondria
takes place in the cytoplasm
A) glycolysis
B) oxygen splitting
AT 4. Set the sequence of processes occurring at each stage of energy metabolism in animal cells.
A) the breakdown of glycogen to glucose
B) complete oxidation of pyruvic acid
C) the entry of organic substances into the cell
D) glycolysis, the formation of 2 ATP molecules
Part C
Find errors in the given text. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which errors were made, correct them.
1. During the energy metabolism in the body, at the preparatory stage, large molecules of biopolymers are split into monomers. 2. As a result of the first stage, two ATP molecules are formed. 3. At the second stage, oxygen takes part in the glycolysis reactions that take place in the eukaryotic cell. 4. The energy exchange is completed with the formation of carbon dioxide and water, as well as 36 ATP molecules. 5. The last stage takes place on plastid membranes.
Metabolism: energy and plastic metabolism, their relationship. Cell nutrition.
Option 2
A1. At what stage of energy metabolism are 2 ATP molecules synthesized?
glycolysis
preparatory phase
oxygen stage
entry of substances into the cell
A2. At the oxygen-free stage of energy metabolism, molecules are split
protein to amino acids
starch to glucose
glucose to pyruvic acid
pyruvic acid to carbon dioxide and water
A3. In the reactions of glycolysis involved:
hormones
vitamins
pigments
enzymes
A4. The energy of complete oxidation of glucose goes to:
ATP synthesis and then used by the body
protein synthesis, and then to ATP synthesis
oxygen formation
carbohydrate synthesis
A5. In the cell, the breakdown of proteins to amino acids with the participation of enzymes occurs in
mitochondria
lysosomes
Golgi complex
nucleoli
A6. In what organelles of human cells does the oxidation of pyruvic acid occur with the release of energy?
ribosomes
nucleolus
chromosomes
mitochondria
A7. The synthesis of ATP molecules occurs
during protein biosynthesis
during the synthesis of starch from glucose
at the preparatory stage of energy metabolism
at the oxygen stage of energy metabolism
A8. Plastic metabolism in the cell is characterized
breakdown of organic matter with the release of energy
the formation of organic substances with the accumulation of energy in them
absorption of nutrients into the blood
digestion of food with the formation of soluble substances
A9. Heterotrophic organisms differ from autotrophic organisms in that:
heterotrophic organisms grow throughout their lives
heterotrophs generally do not feed in the autotrophic way
heterotrophs do not use ATP energy
heterotrophic organisms synthesize glucose
A10. During chemosynthesis, unlike photosynthesis,
organic matter is formed from inorganic
the energy of oxidation of inorganic substances is used
organic matter is broken down into inorganic
carbon dioxide is the source of carbon
IN 1. Select three characteristics related to the oxygen stage of metabolism.
occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell
happens in mitochondria
ends with the formation of pyruvic acid or ethyl alcohol
energy effect - 2 ATP molecules
ends with the formation of ATP, carbon dioxide and water
energy effect - 36 ATP molecules
AT 2. Establish a correspondence between the characteristics of energy metabolism and its stage.
Metabolic characteristic
Stages of metabolism
takes place in the cytoplasm
occurs in lysosomes
all the released energy is dissipated as heat
due to the released energy, 2 ATP molecules are synthesized
break down biopolymers into monomers
breaks down glucose into pyruvic acid
A) preparatory
B) glycolysis
AT 3. Establish a correspondence between the signs of metabolism in humans and its stages.
Signs of metabolism
Stages of exchange
substances are oxidized
substances are synthesized
energy is stored in ATP molecules
energy is expended
ribosomes are involved in the process
mitochondria are involved
A) plastic exchange
B) energy metabolism
AT 4. Establish the sequence of energy metabolism processes
A) oxygen-free breakdown of glucose
B) the release of metabolic products - carbon dioxide and water
C) synthesis of 36 ATP molecules at the oxygen stage
D) the formation of pyruvic acid (PVA)
E) hydrolysis of macromolecular organic compounds
Part C
Why do muscles feel sore after they work?
Answers:
1 option:
A1 - 1
A2 - 3
A3 - 1
A4 - 2
A5 - 2
A6 - 3
A7 - 3
A8 - 1
A9 - 4
A10 - 2
B1 - 256
B2 - A - 136
B - 245
B3 - A - 236
B - 145
B4 - VAGB
C1 - Mistakes were made in sentences No. 3 - oxygen does not participate in glycolysis reactions, No. 4 - Energy metabolism ends with the formation of 38 ATP molecules, not 36. No. 5. The last stage takes place in mitochondria.
Option 2:
A1 - 1
A2 - 3
A3 - 4
A4 - 1
A5 - 2
A6 - 4
A7 - 4
A8 - 2
A9 - 2
A10 - 2
B1 - 256
B2 - A - 235 B - 146
C3 - A - 245 B - 136
B4 - DAGVB
C1 - As a result of incomplete oxidation of glucose (glycolysis), in conditions of lack of oxygen, lactic acid accumulates in the muscles, which irritates the nerve endings, thereby causing pain.
Option 1.
1. Where does the anaerobic stage of glycolysis take place
a) mitochondria b) lungs c) digestive tube d) cytoplasm
2. The importance of providing the body with building material
a) energy metabolism b) plastic metabolism
c) light phase of photosynthesis d) oxidation of organic substances
3. In what organelles of a human cell does PVC oxidation occur with the release of energy
a) ribosomes b) nucleolus c) chromosomes d) mitochondria
4. In case of violation of plastic metabolism, the supply of the cell stops
a) organic substances b) ATP molecules c) energy d) oxygen
5. Photosynthesis is a process
a) synthesis of organic substances due to chemical energy c) protein synthesis
b) the synthesis of organic substances due to the energy of light d) the breakdown of organic substances
6. Participates in the synthesis of ATP
a) ribosomes b) lysosomes c) nucleoli d) mitochondria
7. A prerequisite for the occurrence of all chemical processes in the cell is
a) high temperature b) high concentration of substances
c) acidic environment d) the presence of enzymes
8. What is the function of chlorophyll during photosynthesis
a) starting material for glucose synthesis b) absorbs light energy
c) is a source of oxygen d) accelerates reactions like an enzyme
9. Photosynthesis is based on the process of converting light energy into energy
a) electrical b) chemical organic compounds
c) thermal d) chemical inorganic compounds
Choose three correct answers
IN 1. select the processes that occur during the light phase of photosynthesis
1. water photolysis 4. ATP synthesis
2. synthesis of carbohydrates 5. release of oxygen
3. carbon dioxide fixation 6. ATP hydrolysis
AT 2. What is the importance of photosynthesis?
1. In providing all living things with organic substances
2. In the splitting of biopolymers to monomers.
3. In the oxidation of organic substances to carbon dioxide and water.
4. In providing all living things with energy.
5. In the enrichment of the atmosphere with oxygen necessary for breathing.
6. In soil enrichment with nitrogen salts.
C1. How many ATP molecules will be synthesized in cells during glycolysis if a fragment of a glycogen molecule containing 100 glucose residues is oxidized? Explain the answer.
Subject. Energy exchange. Photosynthesis.
Option 2.
1. The source of hydrogen for the reduction of carbon dioxide in the process of photosynthesis is
a) hydrochloric acid b) carbonic acid c) water d) carbohydrate glucose
2. During the division of animal and plant cells, molecules are the main source of energy
a) ATP b) tRNA c) mRNA d) DNA
3. Molecules have the ability to attach various substances to themselves and move them in a cell or organism
a) ATP b) mRNA c) proteins d) lipids
4. During the oxygen stage of energy metabolism, the synthesis of ATP molecules occurs mainly due to energy
a) water molecules b) protons and electrons
c) NAD molecules d) PVC molecules
5. As a result of which process lipids are oxidized
a) energy metabolism b) phagocytosis c) photosynthesis d) plastic metabolism
6. What kind of splitting does not occur in the preparatory stage of energy metabolism
a) protein to amino acids b) starch to glucose
c) glucose to PVC d) PVC to carbon dioxide
7. A set of synthesis reactions that provide cells with building material,
a) energy metabolism b) plastic metabolism c) accumulation d) chemosynthesis
8. Energy metabolism in the cell occurs
a) cytoplasm and mitochondria b) cytoplasm and ribosomes
c) mitochondria and lysosomes d) lysosomes and cytoplasm
9. Energy metabolism refers to - synthesis
a) proteins b) ATP c) carbohydrates d) DNA
10. Glycolysis occurs in
A) mitochondria b) ribosomes c) hyaloplasm d) digestive tract
Choose three correct answers
IN 1. Select characteristics related to the anoxic stage of metabolism
AT 2. Establish a correspondence between the signs of metabolism and its stages
- Substances are oxidized a) plastic exchange
- Substances are synthesized b) energy metabolism
- Energy is stored in ATP molecules
- Energy consumed
- Ribosomes are involved in the process
- Mitochondria are involved in the process.
C1. How many ATP molecules will be synthesized in cells during glycolysis if a fragment of a glycogen molecule containing 50 glucose residues is oxidized. Explain the answer.
Subject. Energy exchange. Photosynthesis.
Option 3
1. Metabolism in a cell consists of processes
a) excitation and inhibition b) plastic and energy metabolism
c) growth and development d) transport of hormones and vitamins
2. In the oxygen-free stage of energy metabolism, molecules are split
a) glucose to PVC b) protein to amino acid
c) starch to glucose d) PVC to carbon dioxide and water
3. The synthesis of ATP molecules occurs in the process
a) protein biosynthesis c) preparatory stage of energy metabolism
b) carbohydrate synthesis d) oxygen phase of energy metabolism
4. The starting material for photosynthesis is
a) proteins b) carbon dioxide and water c) water and oxygen d) starch
5. The process takes place in the ribosomes of an animal cell
a) protein biosynthesis b) carbohydrate synthesis c) photosynthesis d) ATP synthesis
6. The source of carbon used by plants in the process of photosynthesis is a molecule
a) carbonic acid b) hydrocarbon c) polysaccharide d) carbon dioxide
7. Name the substance that is the source of oxygen during photosynthesis
a) glucose b) carbon dioxide c) water d) sucrose
8. The greatest amount of energy is released in the form of heat
a) at the stage of oxygen respiration b) at the stage of glycolysis
c) during oxidative phosphorylation d) at the preparatory stage of energy metabolism
9. In the dark stage of photosynthesis,
a) ATP synthesis b) carbon dioxide formation c) carbohydrate synthesis d) water photolysis
10. Participate in glycolysis reactions
a) hormones b) vitamins c) pigments d) enzymes
Choose three correct answers
IN 1. Select the characteristics related to the oxygen stage of metabolism
1. occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell 4. 2 ATP molecules are formed
2. occurs in mitochondria 5. ATP, carbon dioxide, water are formed
3. PVC is formed 6. 36 ATP molecules are formed
AT 2. Set the correct sequence of photosynthesis processes
- Converting solar energy into ATP energy.
- Excitation of chlorophyll electrons by light.
- Fixation of carbon dioxide.
- starch formation.
- Use of ATP energy for glucose synthesis.
C1. How many ATP molecules will be synthesized in eukaryotic cells upon complete oxidation of a fragment of a starch molecule consisting of 10 glucose residues? Explain the answer.
