Foundations and moral values of the family. Composition on the topic “Values of my family. It should be borne in mind that the collective implements educational opportunities only if a favorable moral atmosphere has developed in it. If the team reigns mutually

#family #morality #values

When raising the question of family values, it is invariably assumed that they obviously have a moral status. Many philosophers have seen the family as an institution of morality, a social form that, by definition, produces moral values. Even with the realization of the imperfection of the existing forms of the family, its very existence continued to be considered a guarantee of the morality of the individual and society. However, since the historical types of the family are diverse and the historical forms of morality are also changeable, the moral intrinsic value of the family is not obvious, and the question of the relationship between family values and moral values needs to be clarified. In archaic society, the archetype of the family was the model
interpretation of any, including moral, relations. In order to navigate the situation, the person gave its participants family roles. Folklore is imbued with the idea that the family is a paramount value that must be created at any cost. The very existence of a family served as a criterion of his moral reliability. In the words of one Australian aborigine, "he who behaves correctly cannot lose all his relatives." The archaic archetype of the family as a criterion of human morality persisted even when the system of social relations changed many times over.

Society continued to be suspicious of orphans, not only for rational reasons (bad heredity, inadequate upbringing), but also because of a purely primitive prejudice: a person without relatives is a bad person. The archaic clan and family were built according to the patriarchal principle, which assumed the subordination of children to parents, the younger to the elder, women to the men, gave an idea of a single order of things, the inviolability of which was the core of traditional morality. The father of the family, following the prevailing cultural stereotypes, himself had to take care of the spiritual and moral education of family members, introduce them to the values of tradition. The moral leadership of a man was expressed in the fact that his life is built according to the norm, and the existence of all the others - according to his will, which is endowed with the attributes of morality. In traditional culture, children beyond infancy were not considered to deserve gentle treatment and consideration of their best interests. On the contrary, children were conceived as an object of education, which should be attached to the established norms as soon as possible by any means.

Accordingly, the family values of a traditional society are patriarchal values that set a well-defined matrix of moral values that regulate relations between the sexes and generations. With the advent of the state, the unconditional priority of family values was called into question in some civilizations. If in the Chinese tradition the Celestial Empire was consistently thought of as a large family, relations in which should be regulated by the rules of family respect, and not by laws and coercion, then the ancient Roman society already recorded a conflict between civil and family duties of a person, preferring the first to the second. Patriotism, the attitude of a person to the Motherland as a sacred value, meant that family interests should be sacrificed for its sake. Subsequently, various systems of morality insisted on the existence of norms more important than blind devotion to relatives. In particular, in religious morality, the archetype of the family was opposed to the idea of an individual soul, relating itself to God. Therefore, a person can and should love God and His moral rules more than his earthly attachments. In the era of modernity, there was a transition from a large patriarchal family of traditional society to a paired family, which was a shock to the moral foundations.

The family has turned from a form of organization of the entire integrity of human life into a local social entity involved in interaction with other social units according to universal rules. The desire of a person of a traditional society to take refuge in the bosom of the family, to ask for advice from the elders, began to be disapprovingly characterized as “lack of independence”, “escape from freedom”. The consistent assertion of the idea of equality led the culture of modernity to the formation of a new moral attitude in the family sphere: the principle of equality of moral subjects, regardless of their gender and age. In addition, the justification of modern morality was carried out not thanks to tradition, but with the help of rational discourse, in the context of which all social practices must comply with certain universal moral criteria. Family values were no longer perceived as moral in themselves, but had to pass the test of their status, which is already evidence of their loss of intrinsic value.

In modern society, with another increase in social mobility and a change in value orientations, in conditions when the family has ceased to be an economic unit, a place for the reproduction of labor force and even human reproduction, the institution of the family has overtaken another crisis, which is accompanied by an active search for new forms of family life, which also implies search for its new moral foundations. In the postmodern era, the family acts as the most important source of identity, as a sphere of personal self-expression, its main function is to create a niche for moral relations. In conditions of social unpredictability and alienation, the family turns out to be one of the few areas of full-fledged self-development of the individual.

It is built on the same foundations as any other community: kinship relations are neither "natural" nor privileged, they are developed as "contractual", "cumulative" attachments. The family is strengthened not by consanguinity, marriage or the authority of elders, but by trust and friendship, the true intimacy of relationships. In this regard, family ties become similar to friendships: “The principle of the family - a community of close people devoted to the good of each other - will undoubtedly remain; but [now] kinship can arise from friendship as well as from blood relations, ”notes M. French. In turn, family-like ties can also develop in friendly communities.

In European countries, we are talking not only about gay marriages, but also gay families raising children, as well as families consisting of several heterosexual women raising children together. "Just Together" is not only the name of a popular French novel, but also a general designation for the essence of modern family communities. E. Giddens writes that modern marriage is evolving either into friendship or into a "home" - an environment in which the individual acquires a sense of security and psychological comfort. W. Beck, among other scenarios for the future of the family, singles out the emergence of new life forms outside the male and female roles. N. Gross writes that detraditionalization leads to the destruction of only the so-called regulative tradition of marriage and family, however, the sense-forming tradition of maintaining family ties based on romantic love and fidelity retains its role in the structure of intimacy of modern Americans. Thus, the family as a community can depart quite far from its traditional composition and functions, while retaining its moral significance.

In postmodern societies, the value of the family has not only not decreased, but increased. Honoring the elders was replaced by concern for the elders. The ideas of tolerance, voluntariness, equality and trust have become the basis of new norms that support moral relations in family-type communities. Children become not only equal in rights, but also the main (because of their small number and expensive upbringing) members of the family. Disappears the difference between legal and "illegal", native and adopted children. The basis of the morality of the Belarusian society is traditional morality and the family as its dominant. The family forms the value core of the consciousness of adult Belarusians, it occupies the first position among both basic and instrumental values, its importance has grown over the past decades and exceeded 90%.

The first place of the family in the hierarchy of values is also the most important pan-European priority. However, for all their commitment to the family, Belarusians do not strongly condemn those phenomena that actually destroy the traditional family (divorce, abortion, casual sex) . The abstract value of the family is weakly supported by instrumental values that allow in practice to create and maintain a harmonious family life. In addition, the content of family values has long been significantly modernized.

“In Belarus, the egalitarian type of family dominates in the minds of the population, ensuring gender equality and partnership of spouses in the performance of family responsibilities” . Despite the fact that the family of today's youth is invariably included in the top five leading values in life, the traditional sexual morality that ensured its strength is a thing of the past. Thus, while maintaining the highest value of the family, there is a significant change in the content of this value orientation, which belongs to the core of moral consciousness. So, in the context of the dynamism of family processes and the coexistence of families of various types, modern society should not be content with the self-evident significance of family values. It is necessary to carefully formulate the answer to the question: what type of family society morally approves, what is the basis for this approval, on the basis of what moral values it is necessary to build a modern family.

Literature

1. Giddens, E. The Transformation of Intimacy: Sexuality, Love, and Eroticism in Modern Societies. - St. Petersburg, 2004.

2 Franch, M.M. Beyond power: on women, men and morals. - N.Y., 1985.

3. Spencer, L. Rethinking friendship: hidden solidarities today. - New Jersey, 2006.

4. Beck, W. Risk society: Towards another modernity. - M., 2000.

5. Gross, N. The detraditionalization of intimacy reconsidered // Sociological Theory. - 2005. - Vol. 23. - No. 3. - P. 286-311.

6. Morozova, S.N., Bulynko D.M. The dynamics of life values in the structure of the normative consciousness of the population of Belarus and neighboring countries // The role of educational and research organizations in cross-border cooperation: materials of the international. seminar, Minsk, May 29, 2008 - Minsk, 2008. - S. 84-107.

7. Titarenko, L.G. Value world of modern Belarusian society: gender aspect. - Minsk, 2004.

8. Vodneva A.K., Sidorenko S.F. Family // Value world of modern man: Belarus in the project "Research of European values" / ed. D.M. Bulynko, A.N. Danilova, D.G. Rotman. - Minsk, 2009. - S. 53-74

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The moral value of the family

Ethics of family relations

If all family members try to get along with each other and avoid conflicts, peace and harmony will always reign in the house. This is not so easy to achieve, sometimes it takes a lot of effort to extinguish the sparks of a flaring quarrel. Some people think that politeness is only necessary outside the home, and in the family circle you can relax. However, relaxing does not mean forgetting all the polite words. It seems to you that "please", "thank you", "sorry" are not needed, you can do without them. Yes, in some cases you can actually not use these conditional expressions. If we are talking about everyday things that are within the competence of, for example, a wife, the husband can simply remind: “Pay for the phone.” He does not have to constantly “ask” for this. The husband may not thank his wife every time she puts before lunch, and she doesn't have to say "thank you" when he gives her a coat. Asking for a favor and thanking you should be in other cases. For example, a husband can say: "Please bring my cigarettes, I don't want to interrupt work" For the service rendered, he must thank his wife. Intonation plays a big role in the relationship of close people. It is able to negate all polite expressions. The phrase: "Pour me coffee" - can sound friendly and polite, while the words: " I beg you, please pour some coffee" - they can resemble an order. Each family has its own appeal to each other. There is nothing wrong when a husband calls his wife "baby", and she is his "cat", however, these affectionate nicknames are not intended for prying ears. In the absence of third parties, it is better to call each other by their first names.

Spouses often find it difficult to contact their spouse's parents. If you do not want or cannot call your mother-in-law or mother-in-law mother, contact by name and patronymic. You should not call the mother-in-law "grandmother", and the mother-in-law "aunt Masha", this is impolite.

Very often, the cause of conflicts is the joint residence in the apartment of the spouses and their parents. Quarrels are especially frequent when mother-in-law and daughter-in-law live in the same apartment. It is not necessary to find out which of them is the "mistress", they both have equal rights to this "title", even if the daughter-in-law does not take much part in household affairs because of her employment at work and in school. At the same time, the mother-in-law, due to her illness, who does not have any burdens in household chores, remains the "senior" mistress: she is given an honorable place at the table and consulted about changes in everyday life. It is extremely impolite for families to remove old grandmothers from participating in family life, not inviting them to the festive table during family celebrations. If the daughter's or son-in-law's peers come to visit, the mother does not have to take part in their parties. She can go out to them for a few minutes to say hello. In the same way, members of the younger generation are not required to be present at meetings of parents and their friends. This should be done only when the mother or father specifically asks the children about it. Decency requires that a guest who comes to one of the family members be greeted by all the others, But this does not mean that they should spend the whole evening In his company. In order to avoid conflicts in the house, the younger generation should always show courtesy towards the older generation. If an elderly mother-in-law or mother-in-law lives in your home, you should not:

tell her that she is tired and she better get some rest just when she is having a great time at the table in the company of your friends and relatives;

shut up and cut off the conversation when she enters the room;

tell children that their grandmother has age oddities;

talking about someone in her presence: "It's an old man";

in a dispute, use the expression: "At your age.";

consider that the inheritance of the mother-in-law is only household chores;

give things associated with mourning;

repeat that your apartment is small and cramped. However, the head mistress should also be polite. She is highly recommended

not too persistently interested in the details of the lives of children;

do not try to find out the details of what she was not told about;

do not show discontent and whims, referring to age;

do not require younger family members to spend more time at home;

do not constantly use the argument: "Here in my time.";

talk less about your past;

the mother-in-law should not show her son her dissatisfaction with her daughter-in-law, and the mother-in-law should not condemn her son-in-law in the presence of her daughter.

Each member of the family should respect the interests and tastes of each other. If a husband likes to watch football or goes fishing on weekends, the wife should not resent this. If he spends Saturday with a fishing rod on the river bank, then Sunday will definitely be dedicated to family affairs. Likewise, the husband must take into account the interests of his wife. In no case should you say with condemnation: "Is a smart woman / can watch such a stupid movie!" When the wife is watching her favorite series on TV.

If you consider yourself well-mannered, don't judge each other's hobbies and friends.

Keep correspondence confidential. Parents should not read letters intended for their children. Spouses should do the same with each other. Anyone who rummages through the pockets of loved ones in search of notes or letters is doing extremely ugly.

Many are wondering if it is necessary to knock before entering the room of one of the family members? Each family has its own rules, but in the morning or in the evening, when a person can dress or undress, it is better to knock.

If you sit down at the table, the phrase: "Bon appetit" is not at all necessary. But after eating, a well-mannered person should say: "Thank you."

Very often a man, very gallant towards other ladies, behaves completely unacceptably with his wife, showing elementary bad manners. But it is not in vain that they say that the wife is the "second half." By being impolite towards her, the husband thus shows disrespect to himself.

Know that the duties of a husband include the following:

serve outerwear to your wife, and not only in a public place, but also in your own hallway, where no one sees you;

do not read the newspaper at dinner;

to praise the cooking of his wife;

at any dance evening, the first dance must be danced with your wife;

compliment your wife, notice her new dress or new hairstyle;

passing through the door, let his wife in first. Get out of the trolley bus first and give your wife a hand;

from time to time to give his wife small gifts and buy flowers for no reason;

in the presence of his wife not to look after other women;

forever forget the argument: "I earn and demand that.";

do not walk around the apartment half-dressed;

when leaving home on weekends or after hours, always inform your wife of the purpose of your departure and the time of your return;

show interest in how his wife spent time in his absence;

talk with his wife on various topics, and not just about household chores.

However, you should not show your attention to your wife by unbridled criticism of everything that seems wrong to you. Day after day criticizing her character, her manner of dressing, her methods of raising children, her friends, and so on, remember that even the calmest woman's patience eventually wears out. By the way, such behavior of a man is often the result of his self-doubt, low self-esteem, so the wife needs to emphasize the merits of her husband more often, to notice all his achievements. Often the wife takes the place of the family critic.

A wife should also remember to be polite towards her husband. She should pay attention to the following:

when choosing outfits and accessories for them, listen to the opinion of your husband, and not just to the advice of your girlfriends;

try as often as possible to cook what your husband loves;

do not interfere in the sphere of his "sacred interests": do not rummage through his briefcase or bag, do not take his personal belongings without permission, do not put things in order in his box;

if your husband once again tells the same story in the company, which is pretty boring to you, or a bearded anecdote, do not try to cut off his speech with the phrase: “Everyone has already heard this”;

do not criticize him in front of your children. And in general, do not sort things out with him in front of children, this can be done without witnesses;

do not control the husband explicitly;

in no case do not express indignation regarding his attachment to his mother;

praise him more often, make compliments, listen carefully to his advice;

do not invite guests into the house who are not attractive to him, and do not persuade him to go to visit people whose company he does not like;

do not remember the merits of the first husband if you married a second time.

Of course, there are different situations in life, and conflicts cannot always be avoided. But if they continue too often, the initiator of quarrels should think and find the reason for their own nervousness, because of which quarrels occur.

During a showdown, you should not resort to irony, because. this usually offends the opposing party and provokes a retaliatory protest. State all your arguments in an even tone, calmly and politely. Aggressive, commanding or capricious intonations are negatively perceived. In disputes, try to avoid omissions, and it is absolutely stupid and ugly, quarreling, to threaten your spouse.

In a dispute, one should not refer to the opinion of third parties. It is worthwhile during the most friendly conversation to bring the opinion of the mother of one of the spouses, as a calm and polite argument turns into a scandal.

You should not resort to generalizations. If you are unhappy with some mistake made by your spouse at a party, do not start an accusatory speech with the words: "You always.". It is necessary to speak only about the specific fact that took place in this case.

Mutual claims can kill the most tender feelings, even if reproaches are well-deserved. The one to whom they are presented will subconsciously seek to isolate himself from the accuser, so claims that are made too often can lead to a break.

Try to make comments to loved ones in a friendly and unobtrusive way, do not repeat them many times. If a person does not respond to your comments, this does not mean that he did not hear them. He probably cannot or does not want to do otherwise. Forgive those you love for their weaknesses, because you are unlikely to have no flaws at all. However, this is not a call for forgiveness at all. If a person is demanding of himself, he can expect the same from his loved ones. The most important thing is to find the right time and the right form for expressing the requirements.

It is impossible to avoid quarrels in the family, but they should not be frequent, and after reconciliation, the conflict, as well as the reason for its occurrence, must be immediately forgotten.

In general, it is better to extinguish quarrels in the bud, and not to inflate to the size of a universal fire. You can, of course, ask a loved one why he did this and not otherwise, but if his answer did not satisfy you, do not try to "press him against the wall." Family etiquette recommends: all statements of one partner must be taken on faith - by others. Do not try to catch a loved one in a lie.

Even in a quarrel, do not use harsh expressions. An angry, albeit sincere phrase: "You're crazy!" - it is better to replace it with polite: "You are mistaken, dear." Harsh and rude words, even if they are spoken without malicious intent, can hurt a person painfully and leave an unpleasant aftertaste in his soul for a long time.

The foundations of good parenting are laid in childhood, but if parents demand from their children what they never do themselves, they are unlikely to achieve what they want. No matter how a father or mother inspires a son or daughter that it is ugly to speak obscene words, the child will never accept this if the parents themselves often use profanity in quarrels. It is natural for a child to imitate those who are authority for him, and these are, first of all, the parents. If you want your child to be polite - become an example for him.

If you want your child to learn good manners, try to teach them as early as possible. As soon as the baby began to eat on his own, give him children's cutlery. The sooner you start teaching your child the rules of etiquette, the sooner he will learn to behave correctly and naturally, not only at the table, but also in other situations. However, it is worth remembering that even if friends admire your baby, it is still too early for him to sit at a common table with adult guests. During the celebration, it is better to seat the children at a separate table.

When several children grow up in a family, polite and friendly relations should exist between brothers and sisters. This is possible if parents love their children equally and do not give any of them a reason to feel that he is treated worse than the other.

Of course, no family can do without quarrels, this is a familiar and common thing. But those parents who believe that children should figure it out themselves are wrong: in no case should it be allowed to come to a fight or swear words. Children need to be taught to control themselves, this will help them in the future to maintain self-control even in the most difficult situations.

Children grow up, and there comes an age that is commonly called "difficult". Indeed, sometimes it can be very difficult to find a common language with a teenager who was affectionate and obedient just a year or two ago, and now has suddenly become sharp and withdrawn. It seems that the wall of misunderstanding that has appeared between parents and their child is insurmountable. However, this is not at all the case: if the mother and father are friendly to the child, respect him, share their thoughts with him on many issues, give practical and smart advice and do not hesitate to ask his opinion, peace and mutual understanding will reign in the family.

The influence of the family on the formation of the spiritual and moral character of the police officer

Moral and aesthetic education plays a significant role in the professional training of police officers.

Moral education is a process of active and purposeful influence on employees in order to form positive moral qualities in them. To understand the features of the system of moral education, it is necessary to reveal its basic principles: purposefulness, a combination of high requirements with respect for the individual, education in a team and through a team, individual approach, continuity, activity and initiative of the educated.

Purposefulness is such an educational activity when the educator clearly imagines whom and how he is going to educate, what qualities should be formed in the subordinate, what beliefs should be developed in him, what feelings should be developed. In order to set specific goals for yourself, it is necessary to study your subordinates, their character traits, temperament, their views and beliefs. Only in this case it is possible to achieve positive results.

A combination of high standards with respect for the individual. In an effort to form certain qualities in your subordinates, in no case should you offend them, humiliate their self-esteem. Otherwise, the results of education will be sharply negative. This principle also warns against two wrong approaches in education, which, unfortunately, still take place:

1) authoritarian upbringing - oriented towards rigid coercion and suppression; b) liberal upbringing - leaning towards forgiveness.

Education is possible in a team and through a team. Sometimes the impact of the team on the employee is more effective than disciplinary measures.

It should be borne in mind that the collective implements educational opportunities only if a favorable moral atmosphere has developed in it. If, however, mutual hostility reigns in the collective, covering up bad deeds in the form of "mutual responsibility", then the moral and educational impact of such a collective turns out to be extremely negative.

The principle of an individual approach to your subordinates involves taking into account the characteristics of each personality: its character, temperament, level of knowledge of abilities, strengths and weaknesses. Educational impact should not be the same for everyone. Some people respond better to a strict and demanding attitude towards them, while others, on the contrary, respond to praise and support, and from sharp reproaches they withdraw into themselves and lose interest in the matter.

The tasks of moral education are: the formation of positive moral qualities among employees of internal affairs bodies; the fight against the antipodes of morality that take place among employees of the internal affairs bodies (acquisitiveness, bureaucracy, violations of discipline, sycophancy, servility, bribery, drunkenness).

The main methods of moral education are: persuasion, example, moral authority of the leader, coercion, disciplinary measures.

Persuasion is an impact on a person, during which the assimilation of norms, values, principles of morality takes place.

Personal example. In the example, there is always a sense of concreteness, the unity of word and deed.

moral authority of the leader. This method is effective provided that the leader himself has a high moral culture.

Coercion - this method can be used if the subordinate does not respond to the above means.

Aesthetic education is a purposeful system of formation of a person who not only perceives beauty, but also strives to live and create according to the laws of beauty.

The main tasks of aesthetic education are: the formation of aesthetic tastes, ideals, the development of the ability to correctly understand aesthetic values; the formation of the need for employees to affirm the beautiful in their activities - in work, in lifestyle, in everyday life.

Aesthetic education plays an important role in improving the culture of service activities, contributes to the efficiency of work and the growth of the prestige of the internal affairs bodies. Now, more than ever, our country needs not only highly professional, but also intelligent police, which the population respects and provides all kinds of support for.

ethics family moral aesthetic

The main principles of aesthetic education are: the principle of universality of aesthetic education and art education, the principle of unity of aesthetic and moral education, the principle of the complex impact of various types of art, the principle of creative amateur performance of police officers The principle of universality of aesthetic education and art education. To understand the beautiful, appropriate preparation is necessary, i.e. art education.

The principle of unity of aesthetic and moral education. An employee who is aesthetically developed, as a rule, is also a highly moral person. And he will not allow himself to get drunk, swear, be rude. The principle of the complex impact of various types of art. An aesthetically developed person should have at least a minimum of knowledge and various types of art. The principle of creative amateur performance of police officers. It is necessary to study the abilities of your subordinates, their hobbies and encourage them in every possible way. The methods of aesthetic education are similar to the methods of moral education. The main ones include: persuasion, personal example, encouragement, coercion, disciplinary measures. The role of the family in education is well known and generally recognized. The family is the first sculptor who begins to sculpt both physically and spiritually born personality. Note that in our time, family traditions are of particular importance. They have their roots in ancient times and in one way or another have always been connected with the way of family life of the people, with their way of life. They regulate the behavior and actions of family members, leave a peculiar imprint on the formation of thoughts and feelings. It is no coincidence that entire dynasties of the military very often take shape in our country. Police officers are no exception. Honor, devotion to the Motherland and law-abidingness are actually inherited from them. It can be said that service to the Motherland has become a good tradition in some families. Family traditions are understood as the customs, order and norms of behavior of family members, and it is they that are transmitted from the older generation to the younger. A person is not born with a ready-made moral behavior. In the process of his formation as a person, a person, perceiving the life of other people and his own life with consciousness, begins to realize himself as a person. Understanding in a childish way the essence of human relations, he similarly builds his relations with family members, with other people, with society as a whole. So a person fixes in his mind the norms and rules of behavior that exist in the family.

List of sources used

1. Budanov A.V. Pedagogy of personal professional security of police officers. - M., 1992.

2. Zeer E.F. Psychology of professions. - Yekaterinburg, 1997.

3. Psychology and pedagogy in law enforcement activities of internal affairs bodies. Textbook / Ed. cand. legal Nauk I.D. Marinovskaya. - M.: MUI of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia; Publishing house "Shield-M", 1997.

4. Psychology. Pedagogy. Ethics. Textbook for universities / O.V. Afanasiev, V.Yu. Kuznetsov, I.P. Levchenko and others; Under the editorship of prof. Yu.V. Naumkin. - M.: Law and Law, UNITI, 1999.

5. Stolyarenko A.M. Applied legal psychology. - M., 2001.

6. Stolyarenko A.M. Psychology and Pedagogy: Textbook for High Schools. - M., 2001.

7. Legal Pedagogy: Textbook for university students / Ed. prof. V.Ya. Kikotya, prof. A.M. Stolyarenko. - M.: UNITI - DANA, Law and Law, 2004.

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St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia

Faculty of distance learning

Department of Personnel and Educational Work

Test

on the subject of professional ethics on the topic:

"The Moral Value of the Family"

Completed by: student lieutenant colonel of militia

Bogdanov Alexey Viktorovich

Saint Petersburg

Introduction

Family values

The moral foundations of the family

Status dispositions in the family

The system of rules of conduct in the family

Index of individualism of a child in a family

Family masculinity index

Conclusion

Bibliography

INTRODUCTION

An ideal family is unthinkable without love. Love is warmth, tenderness, joy. This is the main driving force in the development of mankind, for the sake of which we all exist, that which moves a person to recklessly heroic deeds. "I love, and therefore I live ..." (V. Vysotsky)

More than once, philosophers and sociologists have raised the question of the crisis of the institution of the family, and even predicted its disappearance in the future. The structure of the family as a small social group has changed: families have decreased, many families have appeared that were formed after remarriage, single mothers. But marriage still has a high prestige, people do not want to live alone. The educational function of the family remains important, but a large role is assigned to the state and society: children are brought up in nurseries, kindergartens, schools, and the media also have a significant impact. The recreational function of the family is also important, i.e. mutual assistance, maintenance of health, organization of rest and leisure. In the modern world, with its high social pace, the family turns into an outlet where a person restores his mental and physical strength. One of the main functions of the family, reproductive, does not change; procreation function. Thus, nothing and no one can replace the functions of the family.

In our country, great attention is paid to the family. The family is under the protection of the state . Modern marriage and family relations require that the husband and wife have a high level of moral, ethical, psychological and pedagogical culture of marriage. It is important to help the younger generation in the successful development of personal qualities, the ability to understand their own qualities and the qualities of other people. That is why the preparation of the younger generation for family life should be given the closest attention. Such training contains the following aspects: general social, ethical, legal, psychological, pedagogical, aesthetic, economic and economic.

The family is a very important, responsible business of a person. The family brings fullness of life, happiness, but each family is, first of all, a big business of national importance. And the goal of our society is the happiness of people, and one of its most important components is a healthy, strong family, because it is she who raises and educates a new generation. Consequently, the state should pay even more attention to caring for the family: increasing real incomes, social benefits and benefits, housing security, etc.

So, family life requires from a person very different knowledge and skills, as well as skills that are formed in everyday life, starting from the parental family.

If spouses love each other, feel deep sympathy, but cannot find a common language, they experience great difficulties. Love brings together; but a family is at least two different people with their own attitudes towards different aspects of life. In the family, clashes of opinions, ideas, interests, needs are inevitable. Full agreement is not always possible even if desired. One of the spouses with such an orientation would have to give up their aspirations, interests, etc. The better the relationship between spouses, the easier it is for them to raise children. Parental education is, first of all, a great job of building a permanent and lasting psychological contact with a child at any age.

The family is a product of the social system, it changes with the change of this system. But, despite this, divorce is an acute social problem.

Divorce is the strongest emotional and mental shock that does not go unnoticed for spouses. As a mass phenomenon, divorces play a predominantly negative role both in changing the birth rate and in raising children.

Divorce is assessed as a blessing only if it changes for the better the conditions for the formation of the child's personality, puts an end to the negative impact on the child's psyche of marital conflicts. A family can live if it performs poorly or does not perform at all any of its functions other than parental. The family dies if it ceases to do what it was created for - the upbringing of children.

1. FAMILY VALUES

family educational parents

As a cell of society, the family reflects its ideological, political and moral foundations. Among the spiritual values of the family, the most important place is occupied by ideological values.

The family is the most important school of morals, here a person takes the first steps along the path of the moral and political development of the individual.

The active social orientation of the activities of the father and mother are reflected in the lifestyle of the family. Such parents grow up ideologically convinced children.

A huge role in the transfer of the ideological experience of the older generations to the younger ones is played by traditions (the beginning and end of the school year of children; days of majority; obtaining a passport, etc.)

The ideological values of the family include family heirlooms - documents, memoirs, letters, awards. Each of them is a testament to the life and deeds of loved ones, relatives. Careful attitude to relics is a source of moral strength, ideological conviction, spiritual continuity of generations.

MORAL AND MORAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE FAMILY

Morality is formed in specific historical conditions and, accordingly, its very content changes depending on these conditions.

The moral code proclaims the leading moral principle by which the family lives: Mutual respect in the family, concern for the upbringing of children . But other principles also directly concern the family - for example, is conscientious work not needed in the family? or principle one for all and all for one Does it only apply to public life? And where, if not in the family, do we learn a humane attitude towards people, honesty and truthfulness, simplicity and modesty, implacability to injustice?

Whatever moral principle we take, it becomes clear that it is assimilated from an early age in the family. The assimilation of moral norms occurs not from words, but in the activity, in the actions of people.

Yes, the concept family debt wider than marital debt : it includes parental debt, and filial (daughter) debt and the debt of a brother, sister, grandchildren, etc. Marital, family duty is an enduring moral value of people. And love is inconceivable without duty, responsibility for each other. So, children are the main moral value of the family, and parental duty is the responsibility for the fact that a worthy person, healthy physically and spiritually, grows up in the family. And the participation of children in the life of the family should take place on the basis of the rights of equal members of the family team.

It can be said with confidence that a house in which there is no friendship, good relations between elders and younger ones cannot be called happy. Therefore, we have the right to rank the friendship of parents and children among the moral values of the family.

Sincere, respectful relationships are established, as a rule, only in families where relationships are built on the type of cooperation. Families starting such relationships are distinguished by mutual tact, politeness, endurance, the ability to give in, get out of the conflict in time and endure adversity with dignity.

From the first days of its existence, a young family, relying on all the best inherited from their parents, should strive to create their own style of relationships, their own traditions, which would reflect the thoughts of young people to create a strong family, raise children, and preserve love. Mutual respect and understanding will become a tradition, while gallantry and high aesthetics will become a habit and remain in the family for life.

3. STATUS DISPOSITIONS IN THE FAMILY

The following constituent elements of this criterion are proposed: authority, power, democratism of relations, control, trust, etc. As can be seen from the above list of elements that make up this criterion, not only the value orientation of the family at the level of parent-child relationships is subject to analysis, but also the entire spectrum of intra-family subordination. This refers to the relationship between generations also at the level of older parents (grandfathers, grandmothers). This also includes the definition of the style of intermarital communications and the corporatism of ties between children in the family.

The degree and quality of the manifestation of status dispositions in the family is measured using the following indicators:

) the attitude of children to manifestations of parental authority;

) trust in the relationship "parents-children" - according to mutual assessments;

) the quality of parental control in relation to children (demanding, categorical, consistent);

) cohesion and hierarchy of relations between children in the family;

) distribution of household duties;

) the intensity and quality of communication links with representatives of the third generation (older parents): communication and support.

SYSTEM OF RULES OF BEHAVIOR IN THE FAMILY

From the point of view of influencing the process of education, this value criterion performs a function in the family that is close to parental control, but in some cases its action goes beyond the framework of the “educator-educate” relationship and applies to all members of the family group. Thus, the rules of conduct accepted by all members of the family without exception determine the moral ideology of this particular family with minor children. The educational role of this criterion is most evident in the process of the formation of moral values and rules of life in children, since the actions and actions of the child approved by the family are directly related to the assimilation of the moral norms of society.

The effectiveness of the child's assimilation of the educational efforts of parents to transfer the system of rules of conduct in the family is measured by the following indicators:

) the obligatory observance of the established order in the family. Empirical indicators in this case can be: the obligation to return family members home no later than a certain time, notification in case of an unforeseen delay; the immutable fulfillment by family members of their household duties, etc. The qualitative level of this indicator is measured by the grading scale: "high commitment - rather high - when both - rather low - very low";

) tolerance for manifestations of deviant behavior both within the family and outside it. The level of intolerance in the family to manifestations of alcoholism, drug addiction, hooliganism, violence, nationalism, terrorism, etc. can serve as an indicator. To measure the level of tolerance, a similar rating scale is used;

) the sequence of educational actions on the part of parents. The empirical indicators of this educational family ideology are as follows: correspondence between words and deeds in the actions of parents; lack of double morality in the family; adequate reaction of parents to the behavior of children, etc. The rating scale includes the following positions: "high consistency - more often consistent - when both - occasionally show consistency - as a rule, do not follow the sequence";

) presenting requirements to children, taking into account their age characteristics and capabilities. Empirical indicators of this indicator are based on taking into account the factors of physical and mental health of children, their level of social and legal preparedness, etc. The rating scale provides for the following qualitative characteristics: "always take into account - more often take into account - when, according to circumstances - more often do not take into account - usually do not take into account."

INDEX OF INDIVIDUALISM OF A CHILD IN THE FAMILY

The criterion under consideration makes it possible to compose, through a system of indicators, an idea of the self-assessments and self-identification of the child as a family member, as well as the position of parents in the formation of independence of his judgments and actions in the worldview sphere. It is known that an individual can isolate himself only by feeling himself in the society of other individuals similar to him. It seems extremely important that the child has a free choice between the possibility of communicating with other people and isolation for introspection and improvement, the development of their personal qualities. The child's individualism index gives an idea of the educational responsibility of parents who consciously form such qualities of the child's personality that allow him to achieve a sense of inner freedom and emancipation in the process of growing up and socialization. When working with this criterion, a number of complex indicators are used, which can later be presented in fractional form at the level of simple indicators:

) the ratio of the principles of communication and isolation in the practice of educating parents of individuality as a quality of the child;

) the degree of independence of the child in the family allowed by the parents:

material (the child's own earnings through labor);

physical (acquisition of self-care skills, personal care of one's health);

psychological (respect for the personality of the child, moderate criticism);

intellectual (respect for the opinion of the child, creation of conditions for the development of cognitive attitudes).

) personal autonomy of the child:

spatial (presence of own room, bed, etc.);

emotional (the possibility of solitude, a sense of "social loneliness");

material (personal earnings as pocket money or as part of the family budget);

) self-identification of the child: orientation towards individuality or social system (“I” - as part of a family group);

) independence of the child in decision-making, independence from the reference group (including family);

) the child's assessment of his achievements as personal success or as a collective effort of the family.

INDEX OF MASCULINITY IN THE FAMILY

The term "masculinity" is used in the analysis of the educational methods of the family in a situation of a differentiated approach to children of the opposite sex. The same term defines the actions of family members to provide mutual support, protection and assistance, i.e. the level of corporateness of the family group is determined.

At the same time, the masculinity index reveals the frequency of the spouses using forceful methods to solve family problems. As you know, the effectiveness of family education involves, first of all, a clear example of the parents' own behavior in certain life circumstances. Practice shows that examples of violent behavior borrowed by children from the parental family become a natural continuation of the tradition of spousal and parental violence in the next generation.

It follows from the above that the indicators used to determine the masculinity index should make it possible to evaluate spouses-parents as subjects of both positive (support) and negative (violence) actions in the family. The following set of indicators is proposed:

gender approach to the upbringing of children; differentiated educational measures of mother and father for children of different sexes;

the permissibility of child abuse (the use of various forms of violent actions);

the intensity of parental support provided to children (the parent as a protector, the family as a "refuge");

the manifestation of empathy and its addressees in the family and outside it;

the permissibility of intermarital violence.

Another methodological approach to the problem of classifying the value system of the family was tested as part of the monitoring conducted by a group of researchers led by the author. The classification proposed below is based on the characteristics of the family, reflecting its life activity. The researchers were guided by the hypothesis of a higher efficiency of educational influence in families that are distinguished by the stability of intra-family relations. On the other hand, the stability of the family is due to the presence in it of a stable system of values that creates a situation of social balance and successful resistance to negative external factors. The educational values of the family are essentially a reflection of its value orientations. It is known that educational measures are implemented by parents not so much through didactic influence on the child, but through the demonstration of personal behavior, orientation of interests and needs, as well as through the creation of a certain psychological climate in the family. Based on this basis, we define the educational strategy of the family through its value system. Based on this theoretical premise, the following main elements were included in the classification of family values:

) values of marriage;

) values associated with the democratization of family relations;

) the values of parenthood, raising children;

) values of family ties;

) values associated with self-development;

) values of extra-family communications;

) values of professional employment.

The ultimate goal of the study was to determine the mechanisms of continuity of the value system within the family: from parents to children. At the same time, the satisfaction of adolescents with the presence and nature of the manifestation of each value in his family was revealed. Satisfaction with a particular value was identified with the adolescent's readiness to accept it as an element of the ideological concept of his own future family.

As a result of the analysis of the empirical data obtained, the following dynamic series was built, which characterizes the readiness of children to accept certain values of the parental family for their implementation in their own family (Table 1).

Table 1

Continuity of family values in the dynamics of years

Ценности семьиГотовы принять, подростки (%) Не готовы принять, подростки (%)1995 г.1997 г.1999 г.1995 г.1997 г.1999 г.Супружеские отношения161322382635Демократизация отношений в семье344235302333Родительство, воспитание детей 514444162124Родственные связи6773697311Саморазвитие112118433046Внесемейные коммуникации46624616720Профессиональная занятость родителей72645015720

Analyzing the data table. 1, it can be argued that adolescents are most ready to borrow the model of family ties from their parental value system, primarily in relations with their own older parents (70% of adolescents are ready to accept, on average over the years of monitoring, 7% are not ready). The rating of such family values as professional interests, attitude to work is also quite high (an average of 62% are ready to follow such a parental model of behavior, 14% of adolescents reject it). The next family value accepted by children as a model of behavior is extra-family communication, and above all, relationships with friends (accepted by 51% of adolescents, rejected by 14%). Slightly less than half of teenagers (46%) approve of the system of education adopted in the parental family (compared to 20% of those who do not approve of their parents' methods of education). The number of adolescents who approve of the style of family relations (democratic) and reject the relations existing in the family is quite comparable (37% and 29%, respectively). Emotional relationships between parents do not enjoy the support of children: only 17% of adolescents evaluate them positively, while 33% of negative assessments. Finally, adolescents do not at all approve of the form of spending their free time by their parents, the lack of opportunities for self-development in this area. Only 16% of children are ready to borrow a parental example, while 40% do not want to.

Summing up the analysis of the significance of family values in the structure of parenting resources, we can draw a number of conclusions.

Firstly, the value system of the family has a powerful potential for educational impact on the younger generation in terms of its personal development.

Secondly, in the context of global changes in Russian society and the uncertainty of goals in the activities of a number of social institutions that arose against this background, the presence of a stable value system in the family can serve as a counterbalance to negative influences and a guarantee of adequate upbringing of the younger generation. This thesis seems to be a weighty argument in the development of state policy to support the family as an institution for raising children.

Thirdly, the transformation of Russian society has led to the leveling of many social values of the old series (the era of socialism), but a distinct system of values of the new era has not yet been formed. This is the main difficulty in the implementation of the educational process in a changing society: there are no sustainable guidelines for future development, a long-term strategy of social priorities has not been defined. The definition of social guidelines for the development of Russian society, presented to the population of the country in a conceptual form, could greatly alleviate the problems of the family and other social institutions in the selection and development of principles for the educational impact on children in the new conditions of functioning.

In a changing society, the traditional values of the family often become an obstacle in the assimilation of new life realities. In such a situation, the process of transformation of family values, their adaptation to new living conditions often occurs with the active participation of the younger generation in the family. Such a social phenomenon takes place today in Russian society: there is an atypical situation where parents recognize the high competence of children in a number of issues related to the real values of the new society. Thus, in a transitional Russian society, one should speak not so much about the traditional transfer of family values from parents to children, but about their multidirectional participation in this process. At the intergenerational level, along with the assimilation of basic values by children, the value system of parents is being transformed.

The Russian reforms of the last two decades have radically changed the ideology of the priorities of society's values. The primacy of the interests of society over the individual, postulated under socialism, has changed to the opposite: from now on, the interests of the individual are regarded as primary, prevailing over the collective, group. Other moral guidelines of society have also changed: hitherto little-known terms from someone else's life have come into constant use with a positive sign: "enterprise", "personal initiative", "leadership", "competitiveness", etc. In the past, the positive characteristics of the value series acquired a purely negative meaning: “modesty”, “altruism”, “collectivism”, etc. Such radical moral assessments, characteristic of a society in transition, will undoubtedly acquire a less categorical form over time, balancing each other. However, today's trends testify to the leveling of traditional Russian values under the pressure of the values of other communities introduced from outside. In the light of what has been said, today an initiative of the official authorities is needed to determine the place of the traditional values of the old series in the new value structure of society in order to preserve the national identity of Russia.

CONCLUSION

Analysis of statistical data shows that in the process of studying such a course, students purposefully form qualities, skills and abilities that will be useful to them in family life. Young people realize that a normal family life requires moral and psychological preparation for marriage, personal qualities that ensure the spiritual unity of family members.

In the process of studying the course, young people form views and ideas that help to adequately assess the role of family education and personality formation. At the same time, their views on the everyday foundations of family life are also changing, and a positive attitude towards participation in family affairs is being formed. After all, it is obvious that in family life a lot of things are tightly connected in a single knot: moral and economic, economic and ethical. The influence of the course is also found in the analysis of the value orientations of young people on mutual love as the highest motive and condition of family life.

St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia

Faculty of distance learning

Department of Personnel and Educational Work

Test

on the subject of professional ethics on the topic:

"The Moral Value of the Family"

Completed by: student lieutenant colonel of militia

Bogdanov Alexey Viktorovich

Saint Petersburg

Introduction

Family values

The moral foundations of the family

Status dispositions in the family

The system of rules of conduct in the family

Index of individualism of a child in a family

Family masculinity index

Conclusion

Bibliography

INTRODUCTION

So, family life requires from a person very different knowledge and skills, as well as skills that are formed in everyday life, starting from the parental family.

The family is a product of the social system, it changes with the change of this system. But, despite this, divorce is an acute social problem.

1. FAMILY VALUES

family educational parents

As a cell of society, the family reflects its ideological, political and moral foundations. Among the spiritual values of the family, the most important place is occupied by ideological values.

The family is the most important school of morals, here a person takes the first steps along the path of the moral and political development of the individual.

The active social orientation of the activities of the father and mother are reflected in the lifestyle of the family. Such parents grow up ideologically convinced children.

MORAL AND MORAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE FAMILY

Morality is formed in specific historical conditions and, accordingly, its very content changes depending on these conditions.

3. STATUS DISPOSITIONS IN THE FAMILY

The degree and quality of the manifestation of status dispositions in the family is measured using the following indicators:

) the attitude of children to manifestations of parental authority;

) trust in the relationship "parents-children" - according to mutual assessments;

) the quality of parental control in relation to children (demanding, categorical, consistent);

) cohesion and hierarchy of relations between children in the family;

) distribution of household duties;

) the intensity and quality of communication links with representatives of the third generation (older parents): communication and support.

SYSTEM OF RULES OF BEHAVIOR IN THE FAMILY

The effectiveness of the child's assimilation of the educational efforts of parents to transfer the system of rules of conduct in the family is measured by the following indicators:

INDEX OF INDIVIDUALISM OF A CHILD IN THE FAMILY

) the ratio of the principles of communication and isolation in the practice of educating parents of individuality as a quality of the child;

) the degree of independence of the child in the family allowed by the parents:

material (the child's own earnings through labor);

physical (acquisition of self-care skills, personal care of one's health);

psychological (respect for the personality of the child, moderate criticism);

intellectual (respect for the opinion of the child, creation of conditions for the development of cognitive attitudes).

) personal responsibility of the child, attitude to rights and obligations;

) personal autonomy of the child:

spatial (presence of own room, bed, etc.);

emotional (the possibility of solitude, a sense of "social loneliness");

material (personal earnings as pocket money or as part of the family budget);

) self-identification of the child: orientation towards individuality or social system (“I” - as part of a family group);

) independence of the child in decision-making, independence from the reference group (including family);

) the child's assessment of his achievements as personal success or as a collective effort of the family.

INDEX OF MASCULINITY IN THE FAMILY

gender approach to the upbringing of children; differentiated educational measures of mother and father for children of different sexes;

the permissibility of child abuse (the use of various forms of violent actions);

the intensity of parental support provided to children (the parent as a protector, the family as a "refuge");

the manifestation of empathy and its addressees in the family and outside it;

the permissibility of intermarital violence.

) values of marriage;

) values associated with the democratization of family relations;

) the values of parenthood, raising children;

) values of family ties;

) values associated with self-development;

) values of extra-family communications;

) values of professional employment.

Table 1

Continuity of family values in the dynamics of years

Summing up the analysis of the significance of family values in the structure of parenting resources, we can draw a number of conclusions.

Firstly, the value system of the family has a powerful potential for educational impact on the younger generation in terms of its personal development.

CONCLUSION

Bibliography

.The Constitution of the Russian Federation (adopted at a popular vote on December 12, 1993) With amendments and additions as of 2006, July 12 // Rossiyskaya Gazeta December 25, 1993 No. 237.

2.Berdyaev N.A. Philosophy of freedom. M, 1990.

.Kon I.S. "In Search of Yourself". M, 1989.

.Makarenko A.S. Works. M, 1957.

.Skriptunova E.A., Morozov A.A. On the preferences of urban youth // Sociological research. - 2002.- No. 1.

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Foundations and moral values ​​of the family. Composition on the topic “Values ​​of my family. It should be borne in mind that the collective implements educational opportunities only if a favorable moral atmosphere has developed in it. If the team reigns mutually

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Ethics of family relations

Spouses often find it difficult to contact their spouse's parents. If you do not want or cannot call your mother-in-law or mother-in-law mother, contact by name and patronymic. You should not call the mother-in-law "grandmother", and the mother-in-law "aunt Masha", this is impolite.

tell her that she is tired and she better get some rest just when she is having a great time at the table in the company of your friends and relatives;

shut up and cut off the conversation when she enters the room;

tell children that their grandmother has age oddities;

talking about someone in her presence: "It's an old man";

in a dispute, use the expression: "At your age.";

consider that the inheritance of the mother-in-law is only household chores;

give things associated with mourning;

repeat that your apartment is small and cramped. However, the head mistress should also be polite. She is highly recommended

not too persistently interested in the details of the lives of children;

do not try to find out the details of what she was not told about;

do not show discontent and whims, referring to age;

do not require younger family members to spend more time at home;

do not constantly use the argument: "Here in my time.";

talk less about your past;

the mother-in-law should not show her son her dissatisfaction with her daughter-in-law, and the mother-in-law should not condemn her son-in-law in the presence of her daughter.

If you consider yourself well-mannered, don't judge each other's hobbies and friends.

Keep correspondence confidential. Parents should not read letters intended for their children. Spouses should do the same with each other. Anyone who rummages through the pockets of loved ones in search of notes or letters is doing extremely ugly.

Many are wondering if it is necessary to knock before entering the room of one of the family members? Each family has its own rules, but in the morning or in the evening, when a person can dress or undress, it is better to knock.

If you sit down at the table, the phrase: "Bon appetit" is not at all necessary. But after eating, a well-mannered person should say: "Thank you."

Very often a man, very gallant towards other ladies, behaves completely unacceptably with his wife, showing elementary bad manners. But it is not in vain that they say that the wife is the "second half." By being impolite towards her, the husband thus shows disrespect to himself.

Know that the duties of a husband include the following:

serve outerwear to your wife, and not only in a public place, but also in your own hallway, where no one sees you;

do not read the newspaper at dinner;

to praise the cooking of his wife;

at any dance evening, the first dance must be danced with your wife;

compliment your wife, notice her new dress or new hairstyle;

passing through the door, let his wife in first. Get out of the trolley bus first and give your wife a hand;

from time to time to give his wife small gifts and buy flowers for no reason;

in the presence of his wife not to look after other women;

forever forget the argument: "I earn and demand that.";

do not walk around the apartment half-dressed;

when leaving home on weekends or after hours, always inform your wife of the purpose of your departure and the time of your return;

show interest in how his wife spent time in his absence;

talk with his wife on various topics, and not just about household chores.

A wife should also remember to be polite towards her husband. She should pay attention to the following:

when choosing outfits and accessories for them, listen to the opinion of your husband, and not just to the advice of your girlfriends;

try as often as possible to cook what your husband loves;

do not interfere in the sphere of his "sacred interests": do not rummage through his briefcase or bag, do not take his personal belongings without permission, do not put things in order in his box;

if your husband once again tells the same story in the company, which is pretty boring to you, or a bearded anecdote, do not try to cut off his speech with the phrase: “Everyone has already heard this”;

do not criticize him in front of your children. And in general, do not sort things out with him in front of children, this can be done without witnesses;

do not control the husband explicitly;

in no case do not express indignation regarding his attachment to his mother;

praise him more often, make compliments, listen carefully to his advice;

do not invite guests into the house who are not attractive to him, and do not persuade him to go to visit people whose company he does not like;

do not remember the merits of the first husband if you married a second time.

Of course, there are different situations in life, and conflicts cannot always be avoided. But if they continue too often, the initiator of quarrels should think and find the reason for their own nervousness, because of which quarrels occur.

In a dispute, one should not refer to the opinion of third parties. It is worthwhile during the most friendly conversation to bring the opinion of the mother of one of the spouses, as a calm and polite argument turns into a scandal.

You should not resort to generalizations. If you are unhappy with some mistake made by your spouse at a party, do not start an accusatory speech with the words: "You always.". It is necessary to speak only about the specific fact that took place in this case.

Mutual claims can kill the most tender feelings, even if reproaches are well-deserved. The one to whom they are presented will subconsciously seek to isolate himself from the accuser, so claims that are made too often can lead to a break.

It is impossible to avoid quarrels in the family, but they should not be frequent, and after reconciliation, the conflict, as well as the reason for its occurrence, must be immediately forgotten.

When several children grow up in a family, polite and friendly relations should exist between brothers and sisters. This is possible if parents love their children equally and do not give any of them a reason to feel that he is treated worse than the other.

The influence of the family on the formation of the spiritual and moral character of the police officer

Moral and aesthetic education plays a significant role in the professional training of police officers.

1) authoritarian upbringing - oriented towards rigid coercion and suppression; b) liberal upbringing - leaning towards forgiveness.

Education is possible in a team and through a team. Sometimes the impact of the team on the employee is more effective than disciplinary measures.

The main methods of moral education are: persuasion, example, moral authority of the leader, coercion, disciplinary measures.

Persuasion is an impact on a person, during which the assimilation of norms, values, principles of morality takes place.

Personal example. In the example, there is always a sense of concreteness, the unity of word and deed.

moral authority of the leader. This method is effective provided that the leader himself has a high moral culture.

Coercion - this method can be used if the subordinate does not respond to the above means.

Aesthetic education is a purposeful system of formation of a person who not only perceives beauty, but also strives to live and create according to the laws of beauty.

The main tasks of aesthetic education are: the formation of aesthetic tastes, ideals, the development of the ability to correctly understand aesthetic values; the formation of the need for employees to affirm the beautiful in their activities - in work, in lifestyle, in everyday life.

List of sources used

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Foundations and moral values of the family. Composition on the topic “Values of my family. It should be borne in mind that the collective implements educational opportunities only if a favorable moral atmosphere has developed in it. If the team reigns mutually