Uterine tone. Special exercises for uterine tone. What does a woman feel in this state?

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Almost all women in the position feel pulling symptoms in the lower abdomen. A uterus in good shape indicates pathological changes in a woman's body or its natural preparation for delivery. How to treat uterine tone during pregnancy? Below are the main methods.

Treatment of tone depending on the trimester

How to treat uterine tone during pregnancy? The main goal of therapy for a pathological condition is to relax the muscles of the organ of the reproductive system. Without timely intervention, tone can lead to miscarriage.

In the 2nd trimester, the tone of the uterus is associated with the active growth of the placenta, which puts pressure on neighboring organs. In such a situation, gynecologists advise patients to use a bandage in order to redistribute the load from the pelvic organs to the spine.

At 34-35 weeks, uterine tone is a symptom of an approaching birth. The woman's body prepares itself for the expulsion of the fetus from the uterus. In this case, doctors do not take any action and advise the pregnant woman to rest longer and be in the fresh air.

If a woman has felt symptoms of uterine tone at work or she is unable to contact a treating specialist, then she needs to take No-shpu or use Papaverine suppositories.

For women at risk for gynecological diseases, if signs of tone appear, immediate hospitalization is required. A woman is placed in a hospital if the pathology is accompanied by bloody uterine discharge.

Treatment at home

How to avoid uterine tone during pregnancy? There are several ways to eliminate the signs of pathology without the use of drugs. These measures will be effective when the problem is mild and suitable for its prevention.

Relaxation

The technique allows you to completely relax the muscles of the body without harm to the body of a pregnant woman. A woman should close her eyes, lie down on a flat surface and mentally imagine herself in the desired place: it can be a seashore or a recreation center. Relaxation not only relieves muscle tension, but also prepares the uterus for childbirth.

Toning exercises

Gymnastics is designed to relieve tension from certain muscle groups. During gymnastics, a woman will be able to reduce the intensity of signs of uterine tone. Among the effective exercises it should be noted:

aromatherapy

Aromatherapy is popular not only to relieve tone, but also in the treatment of other diseases. This is due to the fact that oils have a calming effect on the nervous system through the organs of smell.

For the procedure, you must select the appropriate aroma. A few drops of your favorite oil can be applied to a special medallion or added to the water while taking a bath.

Soothing teas

Drinks are used to prevent the problem. Tea is brewed from:

mint;
valerian leaves;
lemon balm;
motherwort.

Drink recipe: 1 tsp. vegetable raw materials pour 250 ml of boiling water and insist 20 minutes. It is better to add honey to tea instead of sugar. Rest is recommended after drinking.

If it is not possible to purchase plants, then you should buy medications at the pharmacy, which include the listed herbs.

Medical treatment

How to treat uterine hypertonicity during pregnancy? Medicines are necessary if the pathological condition is accompanied by:

sharp pains;
uterine bleeding.

In order for drug therapy to be most effective, it is necessary to identify the cause that caused the tone of the uterus.

The main goal of treatment: providing a pregnant woman with psychological comfort, relaxing the muscles of the reproductive organ, normalizing blood circulation in the placenta.

Magnesium

relaxation of the walls and muscles of the reproductive organ;
stabilization of blood pressure;
active removal of excess water from the body.

Oral administration of the drug will not help with such a dangerous condition as uterine tone, since it does not enter the bloodstream. For this reason, the drug is administered intravenously. The dosage of the drug and its concentration is determined by the doctor. At the same time, he takes into account the severity of the disease and the individual characteristics of the patient. Rapid administration of drugs containing magnesium is contraindicated.

In addition to magnesium sulfate during pregnancy, Magne-B6 is attributed. The active ingredient of the drug blocks the entry of calcium into the tissues of the uterus, and vitamin B6 has a relaxing effect.

No-shpa

The treatment regimen for uterine tone includes the drug No-shpa. The drug stimulates blood circulation, relieves muscle spasms and increases blood flow to the organs. The drug does not have an instant effect, the result of taking it can be seen only after the course has been completed. The dosage of the drug is determined by the gynecologist, since in case of an overdose, the drug gives side effects, for example, increased excitability of the heart muscles.

The therapeutic effect of taking the medication occurs after 30 minutes. In acute respiratory infections and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, intramuscular or intravenous administration of No-shpa is recommended.

Antispasmodics

How to treat hypertension? Antispasmodics allow a pregnant woman to reduce the intensity of the symptoms of a pathological condition. Some of these drugs inhibit inflammation and dilate blood vessels.

During pregnancy, you can use:

Papaverine, produced in the form of a solution, tablets and suppositories. The instructions for the medication indicate that its use is prohibited during pregnancy. But in practice, the effect of its use exceeds the risks to the fetus. The preferred form of the drug used during childbearing is rectal suppositories. They provide instant results due to rapid absorption into the intestinal wall. Papaverine is not recommended for expectant mothers who have heart problems.
Drotaverine (No-shpa), produced in the form of solutions and pills. With caution, the drug is used in the 1st trimester. Contraindications to the use of Drotaverine - renal and hepatic failure in advanced form, glaucoma, allergy to the components of the drug.
Papazol(used instead of Papaverine). The product contains 2 active ingredients: dibazol and papaverine chloride. The drug is prescribed to pregnant women less often than Papaverine, due to its insufficient knowledge on this category of citizens. The main effect of the drug is vasodilating and relieving spasm. Among the contraindications to the drug are: lung obstruction, heart disease, epileptic seizures.
Ginipral. Available in capsules and in solution for intravenous administration. Ginipral is recommended to eliminate uterine tone in the last stages of pregnancy. The main component of the drug is hexoprenaline sulfate. The substance eliminates spasms of the myometrium. Indications for taking the drug:

the occurrence of irregular contractions;
premature birth in the past;
fetal hypoxia.

The medicine can not be taken in the 1st trimester of pregnancy, with allergies to the constituent components of the drug and with exacerbation of cardiovascular pathologies.

Sedative drugs

How to treat uterine tone during pregnancy with sedatives? Pregnant women are often recommended to take Persen, the main active ingredients of which are mint, lemon balm. The drug has a beneficial effect on the nervous system of a pregnant woman and normalizes sleep. From taking Persen in the 1st trimester of pregnancy should be abandoned. Contraindications to taking the medication - activities that require concentration of attention, low blood pressure.

Another remedy prescribed for hypertonicity is Novopassit. It consists only of natural ingredients and therefore does not adversely affect the fetus. The medicine relaxes the muscles and normalizes the work of the heart. The release form of the product is syrup or tablets.

Hospitalization

On average, the treatment of tone in the hospital lasts 2 weeks, in some cases - up to 17 days. During inpatient treatment, the patient is provided with bed rest, antispasmodics are prescribed, injections of painkillers are performed. With the tone of the uterus, pregnant women are credited with No-shpu in tablet form, Papaverine in the form of suppositories and magnesia intravenously.

How to avoid uterine tone during pregnancy? It is recommended to follow some rules:

Change your diet to include foods with magnesium. The substance has a beneficial effect on the cells of the central nervous system, removing hyperexcitability. Foods rich in magnesium include:

broccoli;
buckwheat;
oatmeal;
bran;
cucumbers;
zucchini.

In case of pathology, it is recommended to completely abandon:

legumes, as they increase gas formation in the intestines;
moldy cheeses, because they contain a fungus dangerous for pregnant women;
coffee, as the product increases pressure and increases the excitability of the nervous system;
raw eggs, which are a potential source of salmonella infection;
strong black tea.

Drink at least 2 liters of water daily. A problem that occurs in many women in position is constipation. The liquid allows you to normalize the work of the intestines and prevent dehydration in case of toxicosis.
Limit your sex life. During pregnancy, it is undesirable to have sex in extreme situations and try new positions. For intimate life, poses are selected that exclude the physical activity of a woman.
Follow the daily routine.
Stay outdoors daily.
To shift part of the housework to relatives or husband.

It is important for the expectant mother to recognize the signs of uterine tone at the time and use the above tips. In a normal state, the pregnant belly should be soft. The specialist will confirm the presence of a problem with the help of an examination on the chair and instrumental diagnostic methods.

Hypertonicity of the uterus during pregnancy is treated at home or in a hospital. In the first case, therapy includes observing the regime of work and rest, performing simple gymnastic exercises. Inpatient treatment includes bed rest, limiting stressful situations, oral medication or intravenous administration. With untimely seeking help and the absence of therapeutic measures, the condition can cause premature birth.

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Expectant mothers are often diagnosed with "uterine tone during pregnancy." Those who bear their first child do not recognize this danger and often do not understand how everything can end. But even more “experienced” pregnant women are usually afraid of tone in the 1st trimester and mistakenly believe that nothing terrible will happen in the later period.

Why does uterine hypertonicity occur, how to recognize it, why pain cannot be tolerated, what drugs can be taken to get rid of it? You will find answers to these and other questions in our article.

The organ of the female reproductive system - the uterus - consists of external and internal mucous membranes, between which there is a muscle layer (myometrium). Like all other human muscles, the myometrium has the ability to contract and relax. But if a woman can “control” the muscles on her arms and legs, then she cannot control the muscle layer of the uterus. For example, the uterine muscles contract when a woman laughs, coughs, or sneezes.

This process occurs imperceptibly and painlessly, but until the woman becomes pregnant. When a fetal egg begins to grow inside the uterus, the female body tries to reject it as a foreign (as it seems to it, completely unnecessary) body. The myometrium contracts, and the expectant mother is in pain at this moment. This is called hypertonicity of the uterine muscles.

Painful sensations can be weak or strong, last a few seconds or minutes, appear a couple of times or disturb constantly. If a woman does not yet know about her pregnancy, she often does not understand the danger that threatens her and her baby. And if the gynecologist knows and has already managed to scare her that there should be no pain during pregnancy, she begins to worry, and thereby only makes it worse.

In a woman who was absolutely healthy before the conception of a baby, during pregnancy, the uterus comes into tone for the following reasons.

"Sedentary" work or the need to stand on your feet for several hours, travel in public transport.
stressful situations.
Failure of the hormonal system in the 1st trimester: lack of progesterone (it is produced by the ovary to relax the myometrium, in the 3rd trimester this task is performed by the placenta) or an excess of male hormones.
Toxicosis, which is accompanied by severe vomiting (in the 1st trimester). An increased tone of the myometrium occurs because the muscles of the organ tense during vomiting. Toxicosis is considered normal in the first trimester. But if a pregnant woman constantly experiences nausea at the mere sight of food, if she loses weight, the child will not receive the necessary nutrients. This is not the best way to reflect on its development.
The movement of the fetus at a later date (in this case, hypertonicity of the uterine muscles should not be afraid).

At risk are expectant mothers who have:

bad habits (smoking, addiction to alcohol);
a large number of abortion;
multiple pregnancy. A large load is created on the walls of the uterus. In some cases, she has to stretch to enormous sizes;
special structure of the reproductive organ (bicornuate, saddle-shaped, baby uterus);
negative Rh factor. If the pregnant woman has a blood type with a negative Rh factor, and the biological father of the child has a positive one, the mother's body tries to reject the fetal egg as a foreign body. But the first such pregnancy usually proceeds well;
thyroid dysfunction;
polyhydramnios;
viral and infectious diseases, including those that are sexually transmitted (ureaplasma, chlamydia, mycoplasmosis, viruses);
myoma;
diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Hypertonicity of the uterus appears with strong gas formation.

Some diseases, such as sexually transmitted infections, can only be treated in the third trimester, because antibiotics have to be taken. It is also impossible to refuse treatment: the placenta protects the child, but some substances can penetrate through it and adversely affect the development of the fetus.

Hypertonicity of the uterus throughout pregnancy manifests itself in different ways. In the 1st trimester it is:

dizziness, nausea;
dull pulling pain in the lower abdomen, as during menstruation, in the lower back or perineum (it can be of the same strength or “roll”, intensify, then weaken).

In the 2nd and 3rd trimesters, a “fossilized” abdomen is added to them. A tense uterus can be felt if you put your fingers on your stomach.

Another sign of increased tone is bloody discharge from the genital tract. They can be profuse or spotting, beige, brown, pink, or streaked with blood. Normally, only light discharge is observed. In all other cases, you should immediately contact a gynecologist.

At a later date, when there is little room for a large child in the womb, you can see how the baby is “stretched”. At this moment, the muscles of the uterus tense up, and the woman feels the fossil of the abdomen well, sees how it changes its rounded shape (one side of the abdomen seems to sink, while the other, on the contrary, begins to bulge more strongly). It lasts just a few seconds and does not pose any danger to either the mother or the baby.

Diagnostics

In order to understand whether the tone of the uterine muscles in a patient is increased, doctors use three methods:

palpation (palpation with fingers);
tonusometry.

In the 2nd trimester of pregnancy, the doctor can "feel" the tone of the uterus with his fingers through the anterior wall of the abdominal cavity. During the examination, the woman lies on her back and keeps her legs bent at the knees. In this position, the abdominal muscles relax, and the uterus, if it is dense, is well palpable.

Ultrasound is used as an auxiliary diagnostic method. The results obtained allow us to understand the degree of threat (complications, miscarriage) and the need for hospitalization.

With tonusometry, muscle tension is detected using special sensors. This method is rarely used, since the other two provide comprehensive information.

Elimination Methods

Increased uterine tone is treated on an outpatient basis and in a hospital. The first option is chosen when the expectant mother is concerned about mild pain in the lower abdomen or lower back. At the same time, she does not have spotting, and up to this point the pregnancy has proceeded without complications. Hospitalization is recommended in the case when it is not possible to remove the increased tone for a long time.

At home, a woman should rest more, forget about sexual activity for a while, take antispasmodics (No-shpu, Drotaverine, Papaverine - a solution for intramuscular injections or rectal suppositories), sedatives (motherwort, valerian) and progestogen (Utrozhestan) drugs, as well as Magne B6 .

Medicines have contraindications. You cannot self-prescribe medications. This must be done by a doctor. The dosage in each case, he selects individually.

"Cat". It is performed as follows: kneel, rest your palms on the floor, carefully bend your back, then arch. Repeat 5-10 times. After that, it is better to lie down for half an hour or an hour, especially if the exercise is performed in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy.
Tense facial muscles can cause uterine contractions. By relaxing the facial muscles, you can eliminate the hypertonicity of the uterus. To do this, the pregnant woman needs to get on all fours, lower her face down, relax her facial muscles. Breathe through your mouth.
Knee-elbow posture. This exercise is performed as follows: a woman needs to kneel and rest her elbows on the floor, stand like this for 1-10 minutes. In this position, the uterus will be in a suspended position and will be able to relax.

Exercises should be performed carefully, at a slow pace. If the pain intensifies, you need to stop, rest, lie down. With severe persistent pain, it is better to call a gynecologist, consult or immediately call an ambulance.

If a pregnant woman has a high muscle tone for a long time that cannot be removed or spotting has appeared, doctors will insist on hospitalization. In the hospital, the expectant mother will have to observe bed rest.

In the 1st trimester, she will receive intramuscular injections of No-shpa, Papaverine, vitamins, sedatives, and Utrozhestan. If there is spotting, they will be stopped with Dicinon or Tranexam.

But all these remedies stop the symptoms and do not solve the main problem - the elimination of the cause.

In the 2nd trimester, a pregnant doctor may prescribe:

electrophoresis with magnesia;
droppers with Ginipral;
vitamin and mineral complex.

In the 3rd trimester, the same drugs are used to treat increased uterine tone. If, according to the results of the ultrasound, it becomes clear that the tone is strong and the child receives little oxygen and nutrients, the expectant mother is prescribed Curantil or Trental.

These drugs are allowed to be taken only as prescribed by a doctor. For example, Curantyl can cause severe headaches. But if a woman takes several drugs, she will not be able to understand what exactly caused the adverse reaction. You need to tell your doctor about your condition. He will decide which medication to remove.

Possible negative consequences and prognosis

Uterine contractions are a pain that cannot be tolerated in the hope that everything will go away with time. The tone carries a great danger, first of all, for the developing fetus.

In the 1st trimester, spontaneous miscarriage (detachment of the fetal egg) can occur. Pregnancy may not be interrupted, but freeze due to the fact that the fetus did not receive oxygen and nutrients. In both cases, the pregnancy cannot be maintained.

In the 2nd and 3rd trimester, placental abruption does not occur, but another problem appears: the uterus, contracting, compresses the fetal bladder, as a result, the cervix opens and preterm labor begins. In some cases, the water breaks even if the cervix is closed. It is most often possible to save a baby if the gestational age is 36-38 weeks.

Prevention

To prevent increased uterine tone, pregnant women are advised to follow a few simple rules.

Get tested for genital infections at the stage of pregnancy planning.
Get registered in a timely manner, regularly go to "appearances" to the gynecologist, follow his recommendations.
Sleep 8-10 hours a day.
Be sure to breathe fresh air, but it is better to refuse long walks.
Avoid stressful situations.
Do not create excessive physical activity for yourself.
Eliminate the use of alcoholic beverages at the stage of pregnancy planning.
Quit smoking.
Do not lift heavy objects, especially in the 3rd trimester.

A pregnant woman should eat right. In her diet, there must be foods rich in magnesium:

vegetables, greens (cabbage, basil, spinach);
cereal crops (wheat, barley, buckwheat);
dairy products (cheese, natural yogurt).

This microelement helps to relax the smooth muscles of the intestines and myometrium (the muscle tissue of the uterus). In addition, it has a beneficial effect on the central nervous system.

Conclusion

The tone of the uterus during pregnancy is a diagnosis that gynecologists put 60% of women. Symptoms of hypertonicity - pain in the lower abdomen or lower back, "fossil" of the abdomen, spotting. Muscle spasm can cause placental abruption (miscarriage) or preterm labor.

There are many reasons for the appearance of increased tone, but you can prevent its occurrence if you follow the simple rules of prevention: get plenty of rest, be less nervous, eat right and listen to the doctor's recommendations. Self-medication can lead to sad consequences.

Symptoms of uterine tone during pregnancy scare women in anticipation of a “miracle”. However, such manifestations are not always a pathological condition that threatens the normal course of gestation. After all, the uterus and the fetus developing in it are sensitive not only to physical influences, but also to changes in the psycho-emotional status of the expectant mother. Therefore, a temporary tone can occur even in the norm, reflecting the well-being of a woman. What does the tone of the uterus mean during pregnancy and how to find the line between the norm and pathology?

The uterus is a "ball" of smooth muscle fibers, inside which the fetus develops. The walls of the uterus and the body of the fetus do not directly touch each other, they are separated by a thin membrane - the fetal sac, as well as the placenta. The state in which most of the muscle fibers of the uterus are in the contraction phase is called tone. It is observed in childbirth, which ensures the “pushing out” of the baby from the womb and is absolutely normal. But the tone during premature pregnancy can lead to disastrous consequences.

How to identify yourself

Signs of uterine tone during pregnancy are not always noticeable to a woman. It all depends on the duration of pregnancy, as well as on the severity of the tone. How can you independently determine whether there is uterine tone during the current pregnancy or not? You can do this by listening to the body and examining your own feelings.

In the first half of the term

Immediately after conception and throughout the entire 1st trimester, the expectant mother can judge that the uterus is in good shape only by subjective sensations. At this time, the body of the uterus is deep in the cavity of the small pelvis, and it is not possible to probe it through the stomach on its own. Therefore, for diagnosis, it is important to know the main signs of hypertonicity.

Painful sensations. Most often, pains over the bosom are similar to menstrual ones. Women describe them as pulling, constant or intermittent. Indeed, during menstruation, the uterus also contracts to evacuate the contents. Therefore, the symptoms are very similar.
Frequent urge to go to the toilet. The body of the uterus lies in close proximity to the bladder. With the contraction of her muscle fibers, she literally puts pressure on the bladder, causing false urge to urinate.
Pressure on the rectum. If the body of the uterus is tilted back, then the effect is not on the bladder, but on the rectum. In this case, there is a feeling of pressure and a feeling of incomplete emptying of the rectum, soreness in the perineum in the sitting position.
Special sensations. Many women find it easier to describe what they feel during pregnancy in figurative terms. Often they note that in the lower abdomen "something dense as a stone" or "the uterus clenched like a fist", others describe the tone of the uterus as "coldness in the stomach."

For the doctor, these complaints become a reason for an extraordinary examination. A two-handed examination (through the vagina and abdomen) allows you to accurately find out if there is uterine hypertonicity, or if the sensations during pregnancy are caused by something else.

Symptoms of uterine tone may appear for no apparent reason. But more often, hypertonicity occurs after physical overwork, psycho-emotional experiences, during an exacerbation of chronic diseases, with a cold.

In the second half of the term

In the 2nd trimester (closer to 18-20 weeks), the enlarged uterus is already well palpable above the womb. From this moment on, a woman can not only subjectively, but also objectively judge the tone. Increased urge to go to the toilet, a feeling of pressure on the rectum, pain in the lower abdomen - all this worries as well as in a short time. In addition to this, you can simply try to feel the uterus through the abdomen. Normally, it should be soft, practically no different from the surrounding tissues. If a woman defines a "hard ball", this may indicate hypertonicity.

In the 3rd trimester, especially on the eve of childbirth, women clearly determine when the uterus contracts. At the same time, the stomach becomes more formed, and not “blurred”. When stroking, the uterus is dense, but there should be no pain and discomfort. When they occur, acute conditions (for example, placental abruption) should be excluded.

How can you confirm the tone of the uterus during pregnancy

Every expectant mother can exaggerate her feelings, worrying about the child's condition. Therefore, additional diagnostic methods are used to confirm the tone of the uterus and the presence of threatening conditions.

Expert review. Already at the beginning of pregnancy, the gynecologist can detect the tone of the uterus. Normally, when palpated, the pregnant uterus is soft, pliable. But with an increased tone, it thickens, and a woman may feel discomfort and pain during examination.
Ultrasonography. With the help of ultrasound, local tone can be detected. This definition is especially reliable at the beginning of pregnancy. Local tone may be associated with areas of detachment or be caused simply by the study itself. In the latter case, it passes after 10-15 minutes of rest.
Cardiotocography (CTG). With the help of this study, it is possible to determine not only the fetal heartbeat, but also the presence of uterine muscle contractions. For this, a separate sensor is used, which is most often installed in the region of the fundus of the uterus on the right or left. Rhythmic muscle contractions will be visible on the graph as waves of different amplitudes, and a constant tone as a horizontal line of a certain height. This method is informative to use only from the third trimester. So you can confirm the onset of labor in normal and premature births.

Pathological tension

The causes of uterine tone during pregnancy are diverse. Periodic tone, which is clearly associated with stress or overwork, is experienced by many expectant mothers. However, causes that increase uterine contractions until full-term pregnancy should be avoided as much as possible.

Pathological tone is characteristic of the following conditions.

Placental abruption. This is one of the most formidable complications of pregnancy. Detachment is the pathological separation of the placenta from the uterine wall with the formation of a hematoma and subsequent uterine bleeding. In addition to a constant tone, a woman will notice soreness in the entire surface of the uterus and a change in fetal movements. Later, bloody discharge from the genital tract may join. The condition requires immediate medical attention.
Abortion. Most often, tone is associated with this condition. At the same time, bloody discharge may join for a short time. At the onset of labor before the due date, the tone of the uterus acquires a cramping character.
Anomalies in the structure of the uterus. Periodic tone is observed in women with congenital anomalies of the uterus: bicornuate, with a septum, saddle. Such features of development increase the risk of miscarriage, which is the reason for the increase in tone.
Neoplasms and other diseases. Myoma often causes tone due to abnormal tissue extensibility in the area of the nodes. When fibroids are located on the anterior wall of the organ, they are palpable as rounded focal dense formations. Severe endometriosis of the uterus (adenomyosis) is also the cause of such changes in the myometrium.
pathology of pregnancy. If the uterus is overstretched, for example, with polyhydramnios, a large fetus or multiple pregnancies, it can artificially create the feeling that it is constantly in good shape. At the same time, only a doctor can distinguish the norm from the pathology.
Diseases of nearby organs. With the pathology of organs that are located close to the uterus, the latter can come into tone. For example, with renal colic, appendicitis. Ordinary constipation or bloating can also provoke tone.

Norm Options

In some situations, a normal tone occurs, which passes on its own without consequences.

Physical labor. Any physical labor, even if a woman feels good during its performance, can lead to hypertonicity. This is a kind of evidence of overwork.
Touch. As soon as the uterus is well defined above the bosom, a woman may notice that when touched, she quickly comes into tone. This is especially clearly seen when examined by a doctor and is a normal reaction to touch.
intimate relationships. During sex and for some time after it, the muscles of the uterus continue to contract due to the release of the hormone oxytocin, which causes an increase in tone.
Fetal movements. Starting from 26-28 weeks, the baby reaches a fairly large size. His movements each time bring the myomerium into a state of some contraction, which is the more frequent and more intense the closer to childbirth.
Mom's stress. Psycho-emotional overstrain leads to the release of hormones into the blood, which leads to contraction of the myometrium and the appearance of tone.
Training bouts. From the 37th week of pregnancy, a periodic tone appears, especially often occurring at night. Such activity of the myometrium is necessary for the preparation of the cervix.

Although increased uterine tone during pregnancy is not always accompanied by pathological conditions, you should definitely see a doctor if hypertonicity is noted for a day or two, is cramping in nature, or, in addition to tone, there are abdominal pains, changes in fetal movements (very violent or absent) or discharge with an admixture blood from the vagina.

What is the danger

Normal contractions, for example, before childbirth and after stroking the abdomen do not provoke any pathological changes. But the constant tone of the uterus, especially during late pregnancy, can be dangerous, so if it is present, it is better to get expert advice rather than waste precious time.

The fact is that when the child's place is located along the back wall of the uterus, tone is the only symptom of detachment. Other conditions, which in this case should be ruled out by a specialist, are:

the threat of termination of pregnancy;
uterine bleeding.

But only a doctor can distinguish a physiological tone from a pathological one after an examination and a minimal examination (ultrasound, CTG).

How to cope on your own

The gynecologist observing her should tell the woman how to remove the tone of the uterus during pregnancy and prevent its occurrence. The following is usually recommended to prevent hypertension.

Relaxing gymnastics. For pregnant women, special sets of exercises have been developed to relax and strengthen the muscles of the pelvic floor. There is also a whole area of yoga that pursues the same goals. But it is better to engage in such exercises after consulting a gynecologist.
Swimming in the pool. Swimming is good for muscle and psychological relaxation. But the pool should be used only with the permission of a doctor.
Calming herbs. Pregnant women are more prone to mood swings, they are more sensitive and vulnerable. And psychosomatics can not only provoke the threat of interruption, but also contribute to the development of toxicosis and preeclampsia. Therefore, with increased anxiety, irritability and emotional stress, it is useful to take valerian or motherwort.
Fight against constipation. The well-coordinated work of the intestines is important for maintaining the normal tone of the uterus. Constipation and the constant straining that follows them can increase the tone. It is especially important to prevent constipation in the event of a threatened miscarriage. To improve intestinal motility, you should increase the amount of fiber-rich foods (fruits and vegetables) in your diet. If necessary, you can use safe medicines for constipation, for example, containing lactulose (Duphalac).
Rest properly. It is important for pregnant women to know how to lie down, especially for long periods, so as not to provoke hypertonicity. In a horizontal position, you should spend more time on your left side. So the inferior vena cava will not be compressed.

By following these simple recommendations, you can remove the tone of the uterus, which is provoked by overwork or minor functional disorders. If discomfort persists or when other complaints (for example, doubtful discharge) are attached, it is necessary to consult a specialist as soon as possible.

Therapy

Treatment of uterine tone during pregnancy can take place at home as prescribed by a doctor or in a hospital, and early and late therapy is different. Medicines are prescribed in the form of vaginal and rectal suppositories, tablets, droppers or intramuscular injections - it all depends on the severity of the tone.

Medications at the beginning of pregnancy

It is important to observe the medical-protective regimen and rest. With psycho-emotional instability, a pregnant woman is prescribed sedative herbs in the form of decoctions or tablets. For the main treatment, the following groups of drugs are used.

Antispasmodics. Help relieve tension in the smooth muscle fibers of the uterus. Tablets or injections of drugs also dilate blood vessels and increase blood flow in the placenta. Examples of funds: "No-shpa", "Papaverin", "Drotaverin".
Hormonal preparations. Progesterone-based products are used (Dufaston, Utrozhestan, Susten). Their appointment is effective for really low levels of progesterone in blood tests. With increased tone, natural progesterone (in Utrozhestan) is more often used, which can be used up to 32-34 weeks. Doses and regimens are set individually depending on the clinical picture.
Vitamins and microelements. Magne B6 or other magnesium preparations are used (for example, Magvit, Magnefar). This microelement affects muscle contractions, including relaxing the myometrium. It can be prescribed both in prophylactic doses (one tablet once or twice a day) and in therapeutic doses (two tablets two or three times a day).

If during the course of treatment the cause of hypertonicity is found out (detachment, inflammation in the vagina), the corresponding groups of drugs (hemostatic, anti-inflammatory suppositories, antibiotics) are additionally prescribed.

Preparations after 20-22 weeks

After 20-22 weeks, the range of drugs expands. The following medicines are used.

"Ginipral". The drug acts on certain receptors, which are concentrated in large numbers in the muscle fibers of the uterus. The drug in the form of an intravenous infusion is effective for relieving an acute condition (even contractions), and tablets are used as maintenance therapy. But "Ginipral" has a side effect in the form of an increase in the heart rate of a woman and a fetus. The prescription of drugs that slow down the heart rate helps to avoid such adverse reactions (for example, it can be both Nifedipine and Verapamil).
Magnesia. This remedy is universal during pregnancy. It has a complex effect and almost no contraindications. Most often, it is administered intravenously by drip, less often intramuscular injections are prescribed (they are very painful, according to reviews, and can also be complicated by the formation of seals). Usually, the infusion of the solution is carried out in the first half of the day - in the morning.
Physiotherapy. Magnesium electrophoresis, Shcherbak's collar, therapeutic sleep are prescribed.

If, during research, changes in the condition of the fetus are detected, for example, the blood flow between the child and the woman is disturbed, vasodilators and agents that improve metabolic processes (Pentoxifylline, Actovegin) are added to the treatment.

Regulation of labor activity

Pathological tone can occur even during childbirth. This leads to a violation of uterine contraction, lengthening of labor, sometimes you have to resort to a caesarean section. To quickly reduce the local tone of the cervix, which arose during active labor, use both antispasmodics and painkillers. At the same time, to ensure adequate pain relief:

perform spinal anesthesia;
narcotic analgesics are administered ("Promedol").

With their ineffectiveness, in most cases, delivery ends with an operation.

It is important for women to understand what uterine tone is during pregnancy, when it can be normal and pathological. Timely identified deviations can save not only the baby, but also the life of the woman herself. Therefore, with disturbing symptoms, it is better to once again consult with your doctor.

Collapse

The uterus is a muscular organ, and therefore subject to constant contraction and relaxation. The tense state of the uterus is especially pronounced during pregnancy and during childbirth. This state is called tone. Almost every third pregnancy is accompanied by such stress. But are only pregnant women affected by this condition? Why is the uterus tense? Can there be uterine tone without pregnancy?

State of tone in the absence of pregnancy

In its structure, the female uterus acts as a hollow organ covered with muscles. It is represented by three layers: the outer (perimetry), middle (endometrium - uterine mucosa) and the actual muscle layer (myometrium). Muscle fibers are arranged in a different order. For example, in the inner layer - in a circle, in the outer layer - vertically, and in the middle - in a spiral. The work of these fibers directly depends on the nervous system and hormonal influences. The uterine muscles tend to be in constant motion - to contract and relax.

This is interesting! Normally, the muscle layer of the reproductive organ of a non-pregnant woman should be at rest. Prolonged tone indicates gynecological problems. In European countries, non-pregnant women with this phenomenon do not receive any medical care. The tone of the uterus here is considered quite commonplace, which does not affect women's health in any way. In Russia, on the contrary, doctors try to determine the causes of stress with maximum accuracy and prescribe the optimal treatment.

Causes

The tone of the uterus not during pregnancy is usually caused by the following reasons:

premenstrual period. The tone of the uterus before menstruation is a fairly common occurrence. There is a rejection of the epithelium of the organ and muscle contraction. It is also possible to tone the uterus during menstruation. On critical days, the female body produces progesterone in excess. It promotes fluid retention in the body. At this point, the bulk of the nutrients are in the uterus. This provokes an increase in the uterus and its tone. It is not worth sounding the alarm regarding the tone of the uterus during this period. But the tension of the uterus after menstruation is a reason to see a doctor.
Endometriosis. This disease can occur due to any surgical intervention (abortions, abortions, other operations). Usually, menstruation with endometriosis has a smearing character, they are rather painful, brownish in color. The disease is often accompanied by uterine tone.
Myoma. A very common disease in which there are formations in the uterus (most often benign). Women of preclimatic age are especially susceptible to it. Fibroids often cause cramping pains before menstruation. The disease is easily treatable with timely diagnosis.

The tone of the reproductive organ is often observed in the presence of fibroids

Lack, or vice versa - an excess of male hormones in the female body. To eliminate this feature, a woman is prescribed suitable hormones. The lack of male hormones is eliminated by progesterone, while the excess is the antipode.
Problems with intestinal motility. Increased gas formation causes bloating, colic and constipation. The intestine puts pressure on the uterus, causing it to be in good shape. In addition, problems with the intestines can provoke blood stasis of the small pelvis and clogging the body with its own toxins. To avoid this condition, you need to carefully monitor the quality of nutrition and lead a mobile lifestyle.
postpartum tone. Often caused by remnants in the uterus of particles of the placenta. In order to find out, a woman needs to undergo an ultrasound. The afterbirth may remain in case of poor contractility of the uterus, which could not independently remove all postpartum residues. It can also be caused by manual removal of the placenta or if the placenta is too close to the uterus. If the tone is provoked precisely by these reasons, the woman needs to undergo a cleaning, and then check her condition with the help of ultrasound. Ignoring such a situation can lead to serious problems for women's health.
Problems in the functioning of the central nervous system. The uterus is made up of many nerve endings. Stress, overwork, nervous disorders can worsen the contractility of the organ. For this reason, during stress, a woman is often prone to pain in the lower abdomen.
Taking medications. Certain medications cause uterine tone as a side effect.
Psychological aspect. No matter how strange it may sound, a woman herself is capable of causing uterine hypertonicity. Confidence that there really is tension can actually provoke its appearance.
Postponed operations on the cervix. In the treatment of certain diseases, surgical intervention in the work of the cervix is required. This procedure is used to eliminate polyps, treat erosions, precancerous conditions and other pathologies. After the intervention, sutures are placed on the neck and a cotton swab is left in the neck for a short period of time. It is necessary to stop postoperative bleeding. The first time after the operation, the patient feels pulling pains in the lower abdomen. This symptom is often accompanied by bleeding. All this indicates the presence of tone. This phenomenon is eliminated by anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs.
Tone after intimacy. Orgasm always causes uterine tone, which goes away after a short time. If the body remains in good shape after sex for a long time, you should immediately contact a specialist.

These causes of tone cannot be ignored. A woman should see a doctor for proper medical care.

Attention! On palpation of the uterus, the doctor can detect its tone. But in itself this fact is not the basis for such a diagnosis. The organ may tense up during the examination. Therefore, to accurately determine the fact of tone, an ultrasound should be performed.

In addition to a gynecological examination and ultrasound, the level of uterine tension can be determined using the tonusometric procedure using special equipment.

Danger

The degree of negative impact of uterine tone during pregnancy is obvious - it can cause a miscarriage. But can the tone of a non-pregnant woman harm? The uterus in good shape can cause the following complications:

Feeling of general discomfort. This symptom often accompanies the state of tone and to a certain extent affects the usual way of life of a woman.
Possibility of liver problems. When feeling discomfort and pain in the lower abdomen, women often take antispasmodics. Their systematic use can lead to violations of the liver.
Problems with conception. A tense uterus, contracting, will not allow pregnancy to occur. And if the fact of conception does happen, the zygote will not be able to gain a foothold in the tense uterine wall.
Difficulties in intimate life. Tension of the uterus causes discomfort during sex. Because of the fear of discomfort, a woman may avoid intimacy.

Solutions

Patients with increased tone require topical therapy. As a rule, this condition is eliminated with the help of medications.

Important! Only a doctor can prescribe a particular drug. Self-medication can cause unpleasant consequences for the female body.

In matters of relieving uterine tension, the following groups of medicines will become relevant:

Immunomodulators, antibiotics. Prescribed when inflammatory processes are detected in the uterus. Before taking antibacterial agents, the patient should undergo an examination for the sensitivity of microorganisms.
Sedative drugs. Especially effective in relieving uterine tension in the absence of pregnancy. They help to eliminate stress and emotional tension - the main factors of tone. It is worth considering that taking certain types of such drugs interferes with the concentration of attention and the process of driving a car.
Antispasmodics. The main effect of such drugs is the relaxation of the reproductive organ before menstruation. You need to take them in the dosage prescribed by your doctor. Such medications may be in the form of rectal suppositories, injections, or regular tablets.
Preparations based on progesterone. Helps in relaxing the uterus. Some women manage to get pregnant after taking them. These drugs are taken after ovulation.

In parallel with taking medications, doctors prescribe women to restrict physical activity. It is also worth leading a measured lifestyle - observe sleep patterns, avoid overwork and stress. It will be useful to follow a diet and avoid junk food.

The tone of the uterus is a frequent companion of pregnant women. But it can be present without the onset of pregnancy. Usually it is short in time and the woman practically does not feel it. The situation is quite different when the symptoms of tone are clearly felt. "Petrification" of the lower abdomen, aching or shooting pain in the lower back are mandatory conditions for visiting a doctor and receiving additional recommendations. Usually, the condition is quite easily stopped by medications and following simple rules.

The tone of the uterus is a delicate and urgent matter, especially in the last trimester. If a woman is increasingly experiencing an increased tone of the uterus, this process should be monitored and tried to be eliminated.

What happens with increased uterine tone
During pregnancy, the uterus naturally increases in size. Her muscle layer increases along with it by about 10-12 times and at the same time thickens 4-5 times. Uterine contractions in pregnant women sometimes occur even during the normal course of pregnancy, this happens closer to childbirth and is called training contractions. They are not dangerous to the fetus and pass quickly. But basically, the uterus is in a relaxed state, which allows you to bear a healthy baby and give birth exactly on time (+/-). However, there may be factors that affect the tone of the uterus, it rises and the muscle tissue contracts. Unfortunately, this is a very dangerous and disturbing process that can cause miscarriage or premature birth.

Why there is an increased tone of the uterus during pregnancy
The reasons for the increased tone of the uterus are very diverse, but there is only one conclusion - the danger of fetal loss. Therefore, it is worth knowing the "enemy" in person. Why a pregnant woman may experience increased uterine tone:

multiple pregnancy;
polyhydramnios;
too large fruit;
nervous tension, stressful situation;
physical stress;
bad habits;
the result of transferred gynecological diseases and surgical interventions;
inflammatory processes in the uterus (myoma, polycystic, endometriosis);
back problems (scoliosis, osteochondrosis, muscle hernia, pinched nerve).

With an increased tone, a woman has aching and pulling pains in the lower abdomen, her health deteriorates sharply, a feeling of heat appears, the stomach becomes hard, begins to pull the muscles of the back and lower back, and there is a feeling of urge to defecate. You should immediately respond to this and take immediate action.

What to do if the tone of the uterus has sharply increased
Pregnancy, of course, is not a disease or disability, thank God, and pregnant women have just as many worries as everyone else, if not more. And you need to go to the bank, and to the store, and to the market to skimp. The tone of the uterus can increase at any time, even during household chores in the kitchen or when cleaning. In any case, as soon as the tone of the uterus has increased, the abdominal muscles have become hard and contracted, drop everything immediately and do everything to relax the muscle tissue. Do not forget, the market and the kitchen will not go anywhere, but you can easily lose the baby.
What to do if you are away from home.
Firstly, if you are in a stuffy room, you should go outside (even in winter, fresh frosty air will ventilate you a little and calm you down) sit down, lean on something with your back and head, take a deep breath, stretch your legs, loosen your tight hair and relax clothes, drink an antispasmodic tablet, breathe deeply and evenly, try to relax completely. Sit so calmly for about 20 minutes. As soon as you feel that you are "letting go" do not try to get up abruptly. Slowly get up and try to get to the house or to the clinic as soon as possible.

If you are at home.
Lie on the sofa, put a hard pillow under your head, relax completely, drink an antispasmodic or put a papaverine candle, drink cool (not cold) water, calm down, breathe deeply. Lie down for half an hour in this relaxed position. After the tone has returned to normal, sudden movements are not recommended.
In any of the situations, be sure to consult a doctor. Perhaps everything is very serious and it would be better for you to lie down for preservation.

What drugs reduce the tone of the uterus
Pregnant women should always carry a bottle of water with them and a pack of antispasmodics, which will come to the rescue at any time.

No-shpa (drotaverine)
Papaverine (tablets, vaginal suppositories);
Magne-B6.

If your tone rises due to nerves, take:

Sibazol;
Nozepam;
Trioxazin.

Well relaxes the muscles of the uterus Ginepral. Hemostatic drugs (if already an extreme case) - Dicinon, Etimsalate sodium.

Don't forget that even after your pain is gone and you seem to feel better, don't be careless. Seek immediate medical attention. This situation should not be left without his recommendations. Otherwise, everything threatens with the loss of the fetus or premature birth at best. Take care of yourself and your baby.

24.02.2019 06:52 9507

20.10.2016

Olga, I agree with you, tone is a serious thing. At the beginning of my pregnancy, I was diagnosed with uterine hypertonicity and threatened miscarriage. They explained that the uterus puts so much pressure on the fetus that it does not allow the organs to form correctly. They pricked No-shpu and Papaverine, the relief was minimal, the stomach turned to stone again. Then she decided to reduce all the loads to a minimum, and transferred her eldest son to her husband under guardianship. He also did the housework, I just basked in the crib and went out for walks. And the tone, as if removed by hand. Of course, pregnancy is not a disease, but we need more rest.