Presentation "The History of Father Frost and the Snow Maiden" presentation for a lesson on the world around us (middle group) on the topic. Presentation "Santa Claus and the history of his appearance" Quiz from Santa Claus and the Snow Maiden presentation
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Presentation “The History of Father Frost and the Snow Maiden” Prepared by Isaenko E.Yu., Educator of GBDOU No. 133 of the Admiralteysky district of St. Petersburg
Frost is a Slavic deity, the lord of winter cold. The ancient Slavs imagined him in the form of a short old man with a long gray beard. His breath is a strong cold. His tears are icicles. Frost - frozen words. And the hair is like snow clouds. He was also called Grandfather Treskun, Morozko, Grandfather Studenets.
Santa Claus was originally an evil and cruel pagan deity, the Great Old Man of the North, the lord of icy cold and blizzards, who froze people.
Under Peter I, our grandfather began to bring gifts more and more often and distinguish good kids from bad ones.
From November to March, Grandfather Treskun was the complete master of the earth. Even the sun was afraid of him! He was married to a despicable person - Winter.
Look how beautiful artists depict winter...
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They have three daughters - Stuzha, Vyuga and Metelitsa. Cold and Blizzard girls are cool, wayward, windy - and they don’t yet have their own families. And Metelitsa once met Buran - the son of the Snow Queen - they fell in love with each other and they had a daughter - the Snow Maiden.
The Snow Maiden, the granddaughter of Father Frost, accompanies her Grandfather everywhere. The image of the Snow Maiden is a symbol of frozen waters. This is a girl dressed only in white clothes (or colors reminiscent of frozen water). The headdress of the granddaughter of Santa Claus is an eight-rayed crown, embroidered with silver and pearls.
All winter, Santa Claus walks through harsh forests and fields, loudly knocking with his staff and calling for frosts that cover everything around with ice.
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He prefers to wear a long red fur coat, beautifully embroidered with silver, white trousers, a hat trimmed with swan's down and beautiful mittens decorated with a pattern. In Father Frost's wardrobe there are long fur coats of three colors: white, blue and red, on his gray-haired head there is a boyar's hat decorated with multi-colored crystals, in his hands he holds a staff and a bag of gifts.
According to the old tradition, he rides on three magnificent white horses, symbolizing the three winter months.
The birthplace of the All-Russian Father Frost is located in Veliky Ustyug, Vologda region. There is a fairy-tale tower there.
The possessions of Santa Claus are guarded by loyal guards
The main entrance to the estate of Father Frost. You pass through this gate and find yourself in a fairytale forest.
Tower of Father Frost
Santa Claus or the story of his appearance
Interesting stories about the New Year
Prepared by: Fuflygina N.N.,
head Library of the FGKOU SKK MIA of Russia
Samara 2017
Father Frost
From early childhood, we are all accustomed to the fact that Santa Claus comes to our house during the New Year holidays.
He gives gifts that we have been dreaming about all year. Modern children write letters of request to Grandfather Frost, and Grandfather Frost tries to fulfill all wishes.
Great-grandfathers of Santa Claus
Russian Father Frost is rather a pagan spirit. The birth of his three great-grandfathers occurred during the times of ancient East Slavic tribes who worshiped pagan deities.
They worked as spirits of cold, and their names were Treskun, Karachun and Zimnik.
Great-grandfathers of Santa Claus
Treskun had an unkind spirit: he sent cold to the earth, destroyed crops, and froze people and animals. People tried to buy off the evil spirit with spells and gifts, brought him porridge, jelly, and persuaded him to spare crops and livestock. But Treskun was adamant.
Great-grandfathers of Santa Claus
Karachun lived underground. He turned water in wells and springs into ice, and froze rivers.
And people were not advised to meet with him at all; the consequences of such meetings were disastrous. He was terrible in person and his deeds were terrible.
Great-grandfathers of Santa Claus
Zimnik was a stooped, short old man with a long white beard. He held an iron mace in his hand. Whatever that mace touched turned into ice, folk legends said.
Read more about this in Slavic mythology.
Grandfathers of our Santa Claus
Gradually, the spirits of cold from ancient beliefs began to smoothly flow into folk art: Frost the Voivode, the grandfather of our hero, appeared in the legends.
Legends say that Frost the Voivode was a little kinder than his fierce ancestors.
Grandfathers of our Santa Claus
Soon a literary adaptation of Odoevsky was published, combining myths and legends. In it, for the first time, the old man Moroz Ivanovich, who has already somewhat matured (in comparison with his ancestors), appears before us for the first time.
Gradually, he turned from formidable into fair and kind, and now he no longer comes for gifts, but brings them himself.
The appearance of Santa Claus
The traditional appearance of Santa Claus according to myth: beard and hair - thick, gray (silver); white gloves or mittens embroidered with silver; dressed in a long white linen shirt. A red or gold cloak is put on top of it (red is preferable). Father Frost's boots are red, embroidered with silver or silver, embroidered with gold threads. A crystal staff completes the look.
Santa Claus of our time
Father Frost and the Snow Maiden come to all children's New Year's parties. The children are looking forward to their dear guest and wizard. With the wave of Santa Claus's staff, the lights on the New Year's tree are lit.
Information sources
Scrap set Winter
Father Frost
Snowflake
Happiness!
Great-grandfathers
Frost the Voivode
Cover 1, 2
Moroz Ivanovich
The image of Santa Claus
Ded Moroz and Snegurochka
Birthday
Santa Claus and his story
Slavic mythology
Treskun, Studenets, Pozvizd, Karachun
Main article: Colleagues of Father Frost Different countries and different nations have their own New Year and Christmas characters - analogues of the Russian Father Frost. Many peoples of Russia have “their own” Santa Claus. For example, among the Karelians his name is Pakkaine, which translated from the Karelian language means “Frost”. Pakkaine is young, his birthday is December 1st. In the USA, Canada, Great Britain and Western Europe, he is called Santa Claus. He is dressed in a red jacket trimmed with white fur and red trousers. There is a red cap on the head. In Finland, New Year's grandfather is called Joulupukki. He wears a tall cone-shaped hat, long hair, and red clothing. He is surrounded by gnomes in peaked hats and capes trimmed with white fur. And in Estonia, Santa Claus is called Jyuluvan and he looks like his Finnish relative. There are two Santa Clauses in Sweden: a stooped grandfather with a knobby nose - Yultomten and the dwarf Yulnissaar. Both of them go from house to house on New Year’s Eve and leave gifts on the windowsills. There are also two Santa Clauses in France. One is called Père-Noël, which means Father Christmas. He is kind and brings gifts to the children in a basket. The second one is called Chalande. This bearded old man wears a fur hat and a warm traveling cloak. His basket contains rods for naughty and lazy children. In Cyprus, Santa Claus is called Vasily. In Italy, old lady Befana comes to the children. On New Year's Eve, she flies into houses through the chimney and brings gifts to good children, while the naughty ones get only ashes. In the Basque Country, Father Christmas is called Olentzero. He is dressed in national homespun clothes and carries with him a flask of good Spanish wine. In Romania, the “snow grandfather” is called Mosh Craciun. He is very similar to our Santa Claus. In Mongolia, Santa Claus looks like a shepherd. He is dressed in a shaggy fur coat and a large fox hat. On his side is a snuffbox, flint and steel, and in his hands is a long whip. In Uzbekistan, his name is Korbobo (Qorbobo literally means “Snow Grandfather”). He is dressed in a striped robe and a red skullcap. Korbobo enters the villages on a donkey loaded with bags of New Year's gifts. In early May, an old man named Khyzyr Ilyas comes to Muslim countries with gifts. He wears a red cap entwined with a green scarf and a green robe with flowers embroidered on it. In Moldova, as in Romania, Santa Claus is called Mosh Craciun (Mo? Cr? ciun).
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The very first Santa Claus was St. Nicholas. When leaving, he left the poor family who sheltered him golden apples in a shoe in front of the fireplace. GREAT-GREAT-GREAT-GREAT-Father Frost
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There are two Santa Clauses in France: one is called “Father January” - Père Noel, walks with a staff and wears a wide-brimmed hat. He brings gifts to the children in a basket. The second one is called Shaland. This bearded old man wears a fur hat and a warm traveling cloak. His basket contains rods for naughty and lazy children. Colleagues abroad
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Finnish Santa Claus - Jollupukki lives in Lapland and happily answers children's letters. He wears a tall cone-shaped hat, long hair, and red clothing. He is surrounded by gnomes in peaked hats and capes.
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In the USA, Canada, Great Britain and Western Europe, he is called Santa Claus. He is dressed in a red jacket trimmed with white fur and red trousers. He wears a red cap on his head. Santa Claus smokes a pipe, travels through the air on reindeer and enters the house through a pipe. Children leave milk and cookies for him under the tree.
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Santa Claus In the old days he was called differently: Grandfather Treskun, Moroz Yolkich, Studenets, Grandfather, Frost, Morozko, Red Nose Frost. And more often, with respect, by name and patronymic: Moroz-Ivanovich. Nowadays he is called Father Frost.
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In the old days, when Santa Claus was younger and more energetic, he not only gave gifts to children and adults, but also played pranks: he spoiled the crops and homes of those who angered him (or did not treat him properly). Now he has gotten much better and usually limits himself to visiting guests on New Year’s Eve and distributing gifts. True, sometimes he requires that the recipient first sing him a song or recite a rhyme.
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Snegurochka is the granddaughter of Father Frost. The most important difference between the Russian Father Frost is his constant companion, granddaughter Snegurochka. The image of the Snow Maiden is a symbol of frozen waters. None of his foreign counterparts have such lovely escorts. This is understandable: alone and in the Far North, where there are only seals and polar bears, you can die of boredom! And it’s more fun with a granddaughter. The Snow Maiden is a unique phenomenon, characteristic only of our New Year. The Snow Maiden is always young, extremely beautiful, a little sad... But at the same time, she is the cutest character of the New Year holidays.
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Symbolism of the New Year The ancient Germanic tribes believed that the spirit of the forest lived in the spruce tree and protected plants, animals and birds. So they tried to appease this mighty spirit; they paid homage to the spruce tree, bringing their trophies to it - gifts, decorating it.
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In 1998, Veliky Ustyug, an ancient city in the northeast of the Vologda region at the confluence of the Sukhona and Yuga rivers, was named the Russian homeland of Father Frost. The ancient Father Frost, according to Slavic pagan myths, lived in an icy hut in the land of the dead, which could be reached by passing through a well. Address where you can write a letter to Santa Claus: 162340 Russia, Vologda region, Veliky Ustyug, Santa Claus. In a pine forest, fifteen kilometers from the city, the estate of Father Frost was built. In his village there is a shop of Father Frost, a post office and a museum.
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New Year in Rus' The next amendment to the calendar was made by the Bolsheviks in 1917. They not only adjusted it to the European one, but also canceled the New Year as unnecessary. But they soon changed their minds and in 1930 the largest Christmas tree in the country was erected in the Kremlin. Since that time, Russia has celebrated two New Years - according to the new and old styles. In ancient Rus', the new year began in March. It was greeted as a holiday of spring, sun, warmth, and anticipation of a new harvest. Since the 10th century, when Christianity was adopted in Rus', the New Year began to be celebrated according to the Byzantine calendar - September 1. In 1699, Russian Tsar Peter 1 issued a decree to celebrate the New Year according to European custom - January 1. Thus, he changed the calendar in accordance with the Western European calendar. The New Year began to be celebrated on January 1, but with a lag of 14 days from the Gregorian calendar.
