How to understand the position of the longitudinal presentation of the breech. Head presentation of the fetus: longitudinal, low

Incomprehensible terms of doctors often frighten pregnant women, because not every of them has a medical education or read additional literature related to pregnancy. On ultrasound, many have to hear the diagnosis of "cephalic presentation of the fetus."

What does he mean? Is it pathological or normal condition that does not threaten the mother and child? Without knowing the exact information, do not panic and worry. It is better to check with the doctor for details or to find answers to your questions on your own.

What does cephalic presentation of the fetus mean?

This position of the baby in the uterus is the most common and most desirable for childbirth. naturally. By head presentation is meant the location of the baby's head at the entrance to the small pelvis.

In 95-97% of cases, the baby is head down in the uterus. The remaining 3-5% are in the breech presentation of the fetus, in which childbirth is considered pathological.

Experts distinguish several options for the longitudinal head position of the fetus. The tactics of childbirth and the prevention of complications during delivery depend on them.

Head presentation options

Obstetricians and gynecologists distinguish several various options cephalic presentation of the baby:

occipital;
facial;
frontal;
anterior head.

The best option in gynecology and obstetrics is considered occiput presentation . The neck of the baby, passing through the birth canal during delivery, is bent. The back of the baby's head appears first at birth. About 90-95% of births proceed in this way. Occipital presentation allows the mother to give birth without breaks, and the child to be born without injury.

What does head mean presentation of the fetus of the facial type ? This variety is characterized by maximum extension of the head. The baby comes out of the birth canal backwards with the back of the head. In most cases, with such a presentation, the child is born due to a caesarean section. However, independent childbirth is not excluded.

frontal presentation is very rare. The forehead of the fetus serves as a conductive point through the birth canal. With this variant of presentation, it is necessary C-section. Natural childbirth is excluded.

Front head variant also called anterior. During the period of exile, a large fontanel serves as a wire point. With an anterior presentation, a child can be born both naturally and due to a caesarean section, but with independent childbirth, there is a high probability of injury to the baby. A mandatory measure during delivery is the prevention of fetal hypoxia.

The location of the fetus is also characterized by position. 1 item head presentation of the fetus means that the back of the crumbs is facing the left uterine wall. It occurs quite frequently. The position of the child, in which his back is facing the right uterine wall, is called by obstetricians and gynecologists 2 position head presentation of the fetus.

The back of the child is not always facing the left or right uterine wall. Usually it is turned back or forward. In this regard, distinguish the type of position. In the front view, the back is turned forward, and in the back view, it is backward.

All incorrect presentation and position of the fetus can be caused by the following reasons:

narrow pelvis;
abnormal structure of the uterus;
uterine fibroids;
heredity.

Low cephalic presentation of the fetus

Pregnant women learn about the low location of the fetus, as a rule, at 20-36 weeks of pregnancy. Fetal descent should occur around 38 weeks. Having heard such a diagnosis, do not panic.

Of course, due to low presentation fetal heads may begin premature birth, so doctors should carefully monitor the course of pregnancy, and expectant mothers should follow all the doctor's instructions and take any actions with extreme caution.

In most cases, childbirth goes well. None negative consequences for the baby and his mother does not arise.

With a low head presentation of the fetus, experts recommend:

use a special prenatal bandage;
not to run;
give up physical activity;
rest more often.

Diagnosis of head presentation of the fetus

At about 28 weeks, the obstetrician-gynecologist, upon examination, can tell about the presentation of the fetus. To determine its type, external techniques are used. obstetric examination. With cephalic presentation, the head is palpated above the entrance to the small pelvis.

Ultrasound is needed to make an accurate diagnosis. The doctor can even determine the head presentation at 22 weeks. However, before the birth, the situation may change several times. As a rule, the fetus changes its position several times before 32 weeks, since there is enough space in the uterus for its movements.

The presentation of the fetus (pelvic or head) can be determined by the woman herself. To do this, lie on your back, bending your knees and placing one hand on your lower abdomen. If, with slight pressure, the head of the child is felt, then the presentation will be head.

Establishing a variant of the head presentation is much more difficult. Here, a woman on her own will not be able to determine anything. Only ultrasound can show an accurate diagnosis.

Features of childbirth with various types of head presentation of the fetus

Childbirth is considered correct and favorable if it occurs with an anterior view of the occipital head longitudinal presentation of the fetus. The head of the child, leaving the small pelvis, bends. The chin is pressed against chest. When passing through the birth canal, the small fontanel plays the role of the leading wire point. The head, moving forward, turns inside. The face is turned to the sacrum, and the back of the head - to the pubic joint. The head, showing itself to the light, unbends. Further, the shoulders unfold inside, and the head outside. Now the baby's face is turned to the hip of his mother. Following the head and shoulders, the rest of the body emerges easily.

During childbirth in the posterior view of the occipital head presentation of the longitudinal position, some difficulties arise. The head inside turns to face the pubic joint. The back of the head is turned towards the sacrum. The advancement of the head is delayed. There may be weakness of labor activity, which is dangerous with complications. Doctors in such a situation conduct stimulation. Obstetric forceps are superimposed with the development of asphyxia.

With facial presentation, a woman can give birth under the following conditions:

normal size of the pelvis;
small fruit;
active generic activity;
the chin of the crumbs is facing forward (anterior type of facial presentation).

During childbirth, a wait-and-see position is taken. The condition of the woman in labor and the dynamics of labor activity are under control. With the help of phonocardiography and cardiotocography, the fetal heartbeat is monitored. If, with a facial presentation, the child's chin is turned backwards, then it is carried out.

Independent childbirth very rarely found in frontal cephalic presentation of the fetus. They are fraught with various complications: ruptures of the perineum and uterus, the formation of vaginal-vesical fistulas, and fetal death. Before inserting the head, if this type of presentation is suspected, the obstetrician-gynecologist can turn the fetus. If it is impossible to make a turn, then the child can be born only as a result of a caesarean section.

With anterior head presentation, the tactics of childbirth is expectant. If the health of the fetus or mother is threatened by some kind of danger, then a caesarean section is performed.

Prevention of birth complications in cephalic presentation

Women who are diagnosed with cephalic presentation of the fetus at week 30, and its pathological variant must be hospitalized in advance maternity hospital to select the appropriate delivery strategy. With an incorrect presentation for the child and mother, the most favorable caesarean section is the most favorable.

Many pregnant women are frightened when gynecologists pronounce incomprehensible and complex medical terms during the examination. In the process of ultrasound monitoring, young mothers sometimes hear about the head presentation of the fetus. What does it mean? Is this the norm or pathological condition causing serious damage to the baby in the womb? There is no need to panic: the attending physician tells in detail about the head presentation.

What is cephalic presentation of the fetus?

Pregnant women often hear this wording from gynecologists during examinations from the 30th week of gestation. Far from all expectant mothers understand a complex medical phrase, so they begin to worry about the condition of the baby developing in the stomach. What is fetal presentation, is the head position a norm or a dangerous pathology?

When a doctor talks about presentation, he means the position of the child's torso from the back of the head to the sacrum relative to the uterus. That is, head presentation of the fetus - longitudinal position fetus with the placement of the head in the pelvic area. This location of the baby is correct, observed in 97% of mothers preparing for childbirth. In about 3% of women, the crumbs sit down with their ass on their mother's small pelvis, or they can generally lie down horizontally. In such a situation, childbirth is complex and pathological.

What is head presentation of the fetus?

Gynecologists distinguish four types of head location of the child:

Occipital. Obstetricians consider this position the most convenient and safe. When the baby moves through the birth canal during childbirth, his neck is in a bent state. The nape of the baby emerges first from the mother's vagina. More than 95% of births proceed as described above. With occiput presentation, most babies are born without injury, and mothers are usually not diagnosed with ruptures.
Facial. In this position, the baby's head is strongly thrown back. In the process of childbirth, the baby's face is shown first from the mother's genital tract. Usually, with facial placement of the fetus, doctors send patients to a caesarean section to prevent complications. Although many women give birth successfully and natural way.
Execution. This type of presentation is recorded extremely rarely. During childbirth, the baby's forehead comes out first from the mother's vagina. In this position of the fetus, it is mandatory to appoint surgical intervention, natural childbirth not allowed.
Anterior head. This type of presentation is also called anterior parietal. The first fontanel of the child, located on the top of the head, is shown from the vagina. With an anterior head placement of the fetus, you can give birth both by caesarean section and in a natural way. But with natural childbirth, the baby is more likely to be injured. There is also a high risk of hypoxia of the baby in the process of coming out into the world.

The location of the baby in the womb is also determined by two positions. When the baby is in the first position, then his back is adjacent to the left side of the uterus. Most babies develop in this position. If the child leans back against the right side of the uterus, then he is in the second position. Sometimes babies press their backs against the anterior or posterior mucous surfaces of the uterus.

What to do with a low head presentation of the fetus?

Doctors usually tell women about low cephalic presentation of the fetus at 20 weeks of gestation. This is too early, normally the child, preparing for birth, should descend into the pelvic cup at 38 weeks. Due to the low head presentation of the fetus at 20 weeks, there is a high risk of onset premature birth. But there is no need to worry: gynecologists are closely monitoring the condition of patients with an unfavorable diagnosis. Young mothers who have a low head presentation of the fetus in the womb should heed all the advice medical professionals, move with extreme caution. Doctors recommend that women with a low placement of the child:

wear special support bandages;
exclude intense physical activity;
often rest lying down;
do not run, do not make sudden and rapid movements.

In the vast majority of cases, childbirth with a low position of the baby takes place in normal term are not accompanied by complications.

What causes fetal misalignment?

Sometimes gynecologists diagnose in pregnant women not the head presentation of the fetus, but the pelvic one. That is, the baby is not placed in the uterus upside down, but sits in the bowl of the mother's small pelvis with legs or ass. The following factors provoke the wrong position of the child:

narrow hips at mother;
myoma;
polyhydramnios, which increases the activity of the fetus;
oligohydramnios, interfering with the mobility of the baby;
placenta previa;
abnormal structure of the uterine walls;
low contractility of the muscles of the uterus;
genetic predisposition;
constant squeezing of the abdomen during daytime rest and night sleep;
wearing uncomfortable and tight clothing.

With pelvic or transverse arrangement the child's gynecologist decides which method to carry out obstetrics. With pelvic placement of the fetus, both ordinary births and surgical intervention. Obstetricians perform a caesarean section in cases where the woman in labor has too narrow hips, or if the baby is large. At transverse presentation when the baby is located horizontally in the uterus, obstetric care is carried out exclusively by caesarean section. Natural childbirth is contraindicated.

How is head presentation diagnosed?

How is head presentation of the fetus detected during pregnancy? At about 30 weeks of gestation, the expectant mother learns from the gynecologist detailed information about the location of the baby in the uterine cavity. Diagnosis of presentation is usually carried out by means of a standard gynecological examination. The gynecologist plunges his fingers into the patient's vagina, gropes the crown of the fetal head above the pelvic cup. At pelvic location the doctor's fingers stumble on the legs or ass of the crumbs. To confirm the diagnosis, the patient is sent for ultrasound monitoring.

A medical specialist is able to determine the head presentation of the fetus as early as 20 weeks. But it is still not advisable to carry out diagnostics before the 30th week, since before this period the baby does not yet occupy the entire space of the uterus, therefore it is able to roll over several times. Mom herself at home can find out the location of the child in the womb. To do this, she should lie down on her back, spread her legs not wide, bend her knees, put her hand on the lower abdomen. Slightly pressing her hand on her stomach, the woman gropes for a hard and rounded object with a longitudinal head presentation of the fetus. This is the baby's head. To calm down too excited and confused young mothers who have little understanding of anatomy, some gynecologists show them the head presentation of the fetus in a photo or schematic illustrations. After all, women who are versed in physiological features childbirth, worry a little.

How is childbirth carried out with different types of head presentation of the fetus?

Obstetricians call childbirth safe, in which there is a longitudinal occipital position of the fetus, head presentation of the fetus. When the baby goes out through the vagina, he tilts his head, his chin is pressed against his neck. The head, pushing forward, makes a turn. The child's face turns to the maternal sacrum, and the back of the head - to the pubic symphysis. When the head finally emerges from the vagina, it unbends, then the baby's shoulders straighten, and the face turns to the mother's thigh. The shoulders and head come out the hardest of all, the trunk and limbs leave the birth canal without difficulty.

With the occipital location, childbirth often proceeds with complications. The baby's head turns in the birth canal incorrectly: the face looks at pubic symphysis, and the back of the head - on the maternal sacrum. As a result, the exit of the head to the outside is delayed. There is also a risk of weakening labor activity, which is very dangerous for a newborn baby. In this situation, obstetricians are forced to subject the woman to stimulation. The use of obstetric forceps is indicated when asphyxia occurs in an infant due to a long stay in the genital tract.

With a facial arrangement, natural childbirth is allowed only if the woman has enough wide hips, the fetus is not large, labor activity proceeds intensively. During childbirth, obstetricians closely monitor physical state and the well-being of the woman in labor, by means of cardiotocography, the heart rate of the child being born is calculated.

With the frontal position of the fetus, natural childbirth is allowed in extremely rare cases, since they are almost always accompanied by severe complications: ruptures of the vagina and cervix, the formation of vaginal fistulas, and even the death of an unborn baby. To correct the location of the head, the obstetrician can gently turn the baby around. If the reversal is not possible, then the doctor decides to perform the operation.

In the anterior head position, childbirth is often carried out in a natural way. But if the obstetrician understands that the health of the mother and the life of the child are in danger, then he appoints a caesarean section.

The longitudinal position of the fetus is the most correct and optimal for the normal passage of childbirth. But many women, especially those who are pregnant with their first child, do not understand medical terminology and, naturally, such a diagnosis can panic them. Let's see what is the longitudinal position of the fetus in the womb and how does it affect the course of pregnancy and childbirth?

The position of the fetus and its meaning

As is known, at normal course During pregnancy, the position of the baby in the womb is constantly changing and has almost no functional significance. Is that sometimes it can interfere with the conduct scheduled diagnostics. But closer to the fortieth week of pregnancy, the fetus increases significantly in size and the uterus becomes small for him. As a result, it is already difficult for the child to move. He is in almost the same position, and the way the baby will be born depends on his position during this period.

So, there are two main options that are radically different from each other: the longitudinal position and the transverse position. Their small variations are also possible - mixing the axis.

In most cases, and this is the norm, longitudinal arrangement. This means that the child is located vertically in the womb, that is, the axis of the fetus - a line along the vertebra, coincides with the axis of the uterus. This is a typical position of the fetus and one of the factors for the normal passage of the upcoming birth.

In addition, during childbirth, the presentation of the fetus is also important, that is, the location of the fetus relative to the cervix with the head or pelvis. When the head is adjacent to the neck, this is head presentation, and if the legs or buttocks are pelvic.

It is believed that childbirth is best when the fetus lies head down, closer to the exit from the uterus. In this case, in the absence of other contraindications, childbirth is relatively easy and natural. That is, the head longitudinal position of the fetus is considered the most optimal.

Longitudinal pelvic position fetus is abnormal and even dangerous due to high risk injury.

It happens very rarely, with a probability of three percent.

With this type of fetal location, natural childbirth is possible, but is more difficult, and there may be complications. So, the child in the gluteal position enters the birth canal wide pelvis, which can cause bleeding and perineal rupture in the mother, as well as a violation of the integrity of the bones in the child.

Also in this case, it is important that the birth takes place as quickly as possible, any delay is fraught with serious consequences for both the mother and the child. Therefore, very often breech presentation experts recommend a caesarean section.

Breech presentation is not the norm. Initially, nature laid the exit of the child's head, because the bones of the skull are not connected to each other and are able to change their shape. This, in turn, greatly facilitates the passage of the baby through the birth canal. The bones of the pelvis do not have such properties, so the possibility of damage is high.

Among possible causes wrong position fetal specialists distinguish: narrow pelvis, placenta previa, tumors of internal female organs, flabby abdominal wall or uterine musculature, polyhydramnios.

Why does the fetus normally take a longitudinal position?

This is a question to which it is impossible to give an exact answer, since experts have not come to a consensus. But there are several assumptions. So, some scientists are inclined to believe that this is due to the relatively heavy weight head relative to body. But this theory is quite controversial. After all, on early stages pregnancy, the ratio and weight of the head compared to the body is much higher than at the end, but the fetus is not necessarily located upside down.

Other scientists believe that the position of the child in the womb is affected by a combination motor activity fetus and reactive uterine contractions. This is due to the fact that the fetus grows and begins to move more and more actively, while it affects the walls of the uterus, and in response to this kind of irritation, they begin to contract, and mainly in the transverse direction. In this case, the space in the transverse plane becomes less and less, and the fetus is simply forced to take a longitudinal position.

And the fetus is located head first due to the fact that the pelvic part is much wider than the head, and it needs more space, and the place of exit from the uterus is quite narrow.

What to do if the child lies incorrectly?

The longitudinal position of the fetus, head first, is physiologically normal, but sometimes the child is located in the womb across, obliquely, pelvis forward, etc. The position of the fetus begins to be monitored from about the thirtieth week of pregnancy, but by the thirty-sixth week it may change. Therefore, if the child is not positioned correctly, this is not a cause for concern, during this time everything can be corrected. To do this, it is enough to take special postures, which will contribute to the movement of the baby. So, for example, if the axis of the child's position is shifted to the right, then you need to lie on this side as often as possible. When the desired position has already been achieved, experts recommend fixing the result with a bandage.

Many experts believe that the cause of the incorrect position of the fetus may be insufficient physical activity mothers. Very often, pregnant women try to protect themselves from everything, sometimes crossing all boundaries. After all, moderate physical exercise in the form of swimming, hiking, charging are very useful for both future mother and for her child.

Various exercises will also be effective for changing the position of the fetus in the womb. For example, standing on all fours, swaying your hips from side to side, or moving around the house like that. It is especially useful to do this when the baby is awake.

But even if the baby has not taken the right position, modern medicine is quite capable of coping with this with minimal consequences.

The position of the fetus in the uterus becomes important only after 30 weeks. Until this time, the baby has enough space for a free change of position, and it can change several times a day - this is considered the norm.

However, the child is constantly growing, and closer to childbirth, he is already forced to remain in the same position throughout the entire time. From what exactly this position will be, it may depend on whether the birth will be natural or not, and whether any complications will arise in the process.

That is why after the third ultrasound, many women are faced with incomprehensible to them medical terms. Most often, they see a record in the ultrasound protocol: the longitudinal position of the fetus. Let's figure out what this means.

Possible positions of the fetus

The fetus in the uterus can be located in different ways. It is extremely rare, but still there is a transverse position, a little more often the child is located with slight deviation from the axis, and the most frequent, more than 95% of cases, is the longitudinal position of the fetus. This position is called typical.

This term refers to the position when the axis of the fetus (a line running along the spine) coincides with the axis of the uterus. To put it simply, the child is upright. This is the typical situation. However, in this case, there are several options: the longitudinal head and pelvic position of the fetus.

The situation also differs by position. So the entry in the protocol: “the position of the fetus is longitudinal, position 1” means that the child is located with its back to the left side of the uterus, if position 2, then to the right.

head position

The most common is the longitudinal position of the fetus. The head is present when the fetus is head down towards the exit from the uterus. It is considered typical. It is in this position that childbirth is easiest.

Most likely, in this case, childbirth will be natural. Unless, of course, there are no other complications. It is in this position that childbirth should take place according to the plan of nature.

breech presentation

Longitudinal position and breech presentation is much less common, no more than 3% of cases. In this scenario, a successful natural delivery is also possible, but quite often doctors prefer to resort to a caesarean section. As a rule, they also pay attention to the size of the fetus, as well as the size of the woman's pelvis.

If the situation still allows for a natural birth, you need to be prepared for the fact that they will be more difficult to pass than in the case of the head proposal.

Firstly, with a longitudinal gluteal position, the fetus enters the birth canal not with a narrow head, but with a wider pelvis, which can provoke a perineal rupture or uterine bleeding.

Secondly, in order to avoid complications, it is necessary that the birth proceed quickly. That is, a woman will have to push very hard. In such a situation, every second is precious, and delay is fraught with serious complications for both the mother and the fetus.

In addition, a child born this way should have regular visits to an orthopedist during the first year, who will closely monitor the development of the child's pelvic bones.

The bones of the child's skull were originally designed to pass through the birth canal, they are not interconnected and slightly shift under pressure, changing the shape of the skull. Pelvic bones they do not have such an ability, so passing through the birth canal can damage them or affect further development.

Why is the fetus in a longitudinal position?

Scientists and physicians have not yet fully studied this issue, and there are several theories about why in most cases the fetus still assumes a head longitudinal position. One of them says that this is due to the fact that the head has more weight.

However, this theory is unlikely to be confirmed, since early dates the size and weight of the head exceeds the size and weight of the body more significantly than at the end of pregnancy, while the fetus does not necessarily lie upside down during this period.

It is much more likely that body position is influenced by a combination of fetal motor activity and reactive uterine contraction. As the fetus develops, its movements become more active, in addition, it constantly grows and begins to touch the walls of the uterus. Those in response are reduced, and mainly in the transverse direction.

That is, there is less space in the transverse plane, which provokes the fetus to take a longitudinal position. Well, he turns his head down because the uterus is already there, and more free space is needed for the legs, because they just need to kick their mother in the tummy.

If the baby lies in the tummy incorrectly

Despite the fact that the position of the fetus begins to be fixed from the 30th week, it can change up to the 36th week of pregnancy. Therefore, if you have been told that the child is in a breech presentation, it is too early to worry.

You can try to influence the location of the fetus. To do this, sometimes it is enough just to take poses more often that provoke the child to move. So, if the fetus is slightly offset from the axis to one of the sides, you need to lie on this side, and so on.

After you managed to get the baby to take the right position, many experts recommend firmly fixing the stomach with a bandage, and try to remove it as little as possible. It is believed that this is what will allow you to maintain the necessary position until the onset of childbirth.

The position of the fetus is the ratio of its axis (which passes through the head and buttocks) to the longitudinal axis of the uterus. The position of the fetus can be longitudinal (when the axes of the fetus and uterus coincide), transverse (when the axis of the fetus is perpendicular to the axis of the uterus), and oblique (middle between the longitudinal and transverse).

The presentation of the fetus is determined depending on that part of it, which is located in the area of \u200b\u200bthe internal pharynx of the cervix, that is, at the place where the uterus passes into the cervix (presenting part). The presenting part can be the head or the pelvic end of the fetus; in the transverse position, the presenting part is not determined.

head presentation

head presentation determined in approximately 95-97% of cases. The most optimal is the occipital presentation, when the head of the fetus is bent (the chin is pressed to the chest), and at the birth of the baby, the back of the head goes forward. The leading point (the one that first goes through the birth canal) is a small fontanelle located at the junction of the parietal and occipital bones. If the nape of the fetus is turned anteriorly, and the face is backwards, this is the anterior view of the occipital predilection (more than 90% of births occur in this position), if vice versa, then the posterior. In the occiput posterior presentation, childbirth is more difficult, during childbirth the baby can turn around, but childbirth is usually longer.

With cephalic presentation, the pelvic end of the fetus may deviate to the right or left, depending on which way the back of the fetus is facing.

Also, extensor types of head presentation are distinguished, when the head is unbent to one degree or another. With a slight extension, when the leading point is a large fontanelle (it is located at the junction of the frontal and parietal bones), they speak of an anterior presentation. Childbirth through the natural birth canal is possible, but they take longer and are more difficult than with occipital presentation, since the head is inserted into the small pelvis in a larger size.

Therefore, cephalic presentation is a relative indication for a caesarean section. The next degree of extension is frontal presentation(it is rare, in 0.04-0.05% of cases). At normal sizes fetus delivery through the birth canal is impossible, it is required operative delivery. And finally, the maximum extension of the head is facial presentation when the fetal face is born first (it occurs in 0.25% of births). Childbirth through the natural birth canal is possible (in this case, the birth tumor is located in the lower half of the face, in the area of the lips and chin), but they are quite traumatic for the mother and fetus, so the issue is often resolved in favor of a caesarean section.

Diagnosis of extensor presentation is carried out during vaginal examination during childbirth.

Breech presentation of the fetus

Breech presentation occurs in 3-5% of cases and is divided into foot presentation, when the legs of the fetus are presented, and gluteal, when the baby is squatting, as it were, and his buttocks are presented. more favorable.

Birth in breech presentation is considered pathological due to a large number complications in the mother and fetus, since the first to be born is a less voluminous pelvic end and difficulties arise when removing the head. At foot presentation the doctor delays the birth of the child with his hand until he squats down to prevent the legs from falling out, after such a benefit, the buttocks are born first.

Breech presentation is not an absolute indication for caesarean section. The question of the method of delivery is decided depending on the following factors:

the size of the fetus (with a breech presentation, a large fetus is considered to be more than 3500 grams, while during normal childbirth - more than 4000 grams);
the size of the mother's pelvis;
type of breech presentation (foot or gluteal);
gender of the fetus (for a girl, childbirth in a breech presentation is associated with a lower risk than for a boy, since the boy may have damage to the genitals);
woman's age;
flow and outcome previous pregnancies and childbirth.

Transverse and oblique position of the fetus

transverse and oblique position fetuses are an absolute indication for caesarean section, childbirth through the natural birth canal is not possible. The presenting part is not defined. Such positions are determined in 0.2-0.4% of cases. The previously used turns by the leg during childbirth are now not used due to the great trauma for the mother and baby. Occasionally, a similar rotation can be used for twins, when, after the birth of the first fetus, the second took a transverse position.

The transverse position may be due to tumors in the uterus (for example,), which prevent them from taking a normal position, in multiparous women due to overstretching of the uterus, with large fruit, with a short umbilical cord or its entanglement around the neck.

In the absence of reasons preventing the fetus from turning on the head, you can perform the same exercises as with breech presentation. In an oblique position, you need to lie more on the side where the back is predominantly facing.

The position of the fetus in twins

With twins, vaginal delivery is possible if both fetuses are in the head presentation, or if the first (which is closer to the exit from the uterus and will be born first) is in the head presentation, and the second in the pelvic. If, on the contrary, the first is in the breech presentation, and the second in the head, the situation is unfavorable, since after the birth of the pelvic end of the first fetus, the babies can catch on their heads.

When determining the transverse position of one of the fetuses, the issue is resolved in favor of a caesarean section.

Even with a favorable arrangement of the fetuses, the question of the method of delivery for twins is decided not only on the basis of the position, but also depending on many other factors.

Comment on the article "Position and presentation of the fetus"

bandage - the position of the fetus. Personal impressions. Pregnancy and childbirth. bandage - the position of the fetus. the doctor with my back advised me to buy and wear a bandage. but I have a baby know what's on later dates do not recommend a breech bandage to give the child ...

Discussion

The doctor told me that the bandage does not fix the position of the child. He is in the water, and there is a lot more around the child.
To really "squeeze" the child somehow, you need to pull off the bandage from some incredible strength, this is simply unrealistic.

I didn’t understand at all whether everyone needs a bandage and when should I start wearing it? And does it depend on the abdominal muscles that someone holds the tummy himself, and someone needs support in the form of a bandage?

Pregnancy, childbirth and breech presentation of the fetus. How to fix? Is natural childbirth possible with a breech presentation of a child. Ever since we were told we were upside down at 30 weeks, I've done a bunch of different exercises and fretted about...

Discussion

I have a boy, also pelvic, but they said that he would roll over, I also really don’t want a CS, but if the baby doesn’t turn, I won’t injure, it’s better than the CS than the baby’s suffering. and find out the gender of course.

I have a girl friend 14 years ago gave birth to a daughter in the pelvis. Doctors refused to do CS: "second birth, you will give birth yourself." Result: at cerebral palsy child in severe form.

Incorrect presentation of the fetus. The ideal position of the baby in the uterus is longitudinal with occipital presentation, that is, head down, with the chin tightly pressed to the chest. But it is important to understand that the incorrect position of the child is a feature of the flow ...

According to ultrasound, cephalic presentation, so I’m still wondering why she hammers so hard there) of the abdomen so that by slightly pushing the stomach from one hand to the other and back, it is possible to determine whether the position of the fetus can be determined longitudinally. Where it is most active...

Discussion

Don't understand. maybe the legs, and the arms, and the butt, and the knees and elbows move :))

it will grow up a little more, and it will be possible to touch :) you find such a concrete hillock - this is the priest. from it in one direction the back goes in such an arc (very easy to determine), and in the other direction the legs hang down (if you press, you can find small such bumps or just uncertainties such when everything is wrapped inside). and the hairs are both from the hands and from the legs. and even from the priests with his head, on your term: o) and he still has time to settle down with his head down, don't worry!

Our baby has up to last ultrasound came to light breech presentation. But at 36 weeks, the doctor determined (by touch) that the baby had turned over, although it is believed that this is possible mainly until 32 weeks. By the way, the wife practically did not do exercises for ...