What is the translation of the word oppa from Korean? Korean Terms Every K-POP Lover Should Know

At first glance, this is all complicated and incomprehensible, and also in dramas we are often confused, so to speak, to enhance the effect, they speak incorrectly...

In general, we even drew a pitiful semblance of a diagram... Based on it, I’ll tell you everything now.

But in order. The entire construction of speech, including address, is based on your relationship with another person. Is he older or younger, woman or man, is he a relative... or maybe he or she is your close friend?! (verses straight)

So, the first thing that catches your eye is the ending of the verbs.

There are several types.

The most polite (something similar, could you please...) where -(s)se is added to the verb. This is what they usually say when they ask to bring or serve something: mul juseyo - please bring water. Or they want to show, as it were, the superiority of the listener over themselves...

Then come –(sy)mnida and –е forms. Although the first one seems more polite. In fact, it is simply more formal, for example, this form can be heard from presenters at concerts. In the case of the drama You're Beautiful and Ko Mi Nam, it was just the same enhancement of the humorous effect ^_^ Also, the uniform is used in the army and during interviews at work. As for the –е form, it is perhaps the most common in colloquial speech. And also quite polite and you won’t offend anyone. Although if you meet an adult or a person of higher rank than you, it is still better for the first time - (sy)mnida.

Further the form is coming so to speak, the infinitive of the verb, in Korean all verbs in the infinitive end in - yes. Kada - go. But you won’t say that, for example, to your boss or teacher (more precisely, you can say that, and you will, but I’m warning you right away, you shouldn’t). This form can also be heard from Koreans in conversation. This is what they say either with very close friends or with their boyfriend or girlfriend, which is rare, but sometimes guys address their girlfriends this way. Or when you talk to yourself ( O_o ): for example, masschida! - you can say to yourself when you eat ramen, which will mean: yummy!

There is also a form that is not at all polite... This is when only stem is used from the infinitive of the verb, that is, the part that comes before -da. Surely you have heard in dramas how someone, in a fit of anger or hysteria (depending on which one), shouted: KA! And he pointed to the door. This is just the stem from kada (to go), which is in in this case will be: get out! Or get out of here! It’s better to never use this in speech at all ^_- Well, at least in a calm state.

So we’ve sorted out the verbs a little bit... But that’s not enough, now you need to understand how to address a person.

To a stranger or to a colleague at work or in any other such a case, just add - shi to the name. You can't go wrong.

Further in my post there are all sorts of different types appeals (as I call them) according to belonging to you. So, for example, I call my Korean teacher sunsennim (teacher). I would call my mother (if she were Korean) omoni or just omma. Also dad: appa or aboji. And then follows the entire list of relatives...

Now for the noona and unnie. Nuna for boys, unni for girls, I mean boys call their older sisters that way, and so do their girls. Although, if you're in good relations with her, then I, for example, can call a friend who is older than me: unnie. So blood relationship is not necessary. It's very rare for guys to call their older girls noona, but it's very, very rare.

Now for the best part: oppa. So this is what a younger sister calls her older brother, although this is also what they call their boyfriends or older boy friends. I did this as soon as I found out that a friend was older than me... followed by: oppa and poker face . It was more convenient for me ^_^ Of course, not always, but mostly the boys even like it. And girls, in order to show a boy they know that she likes him, can call him oppa, but not the others. (did anyone understand what I meant?!).

Hyun is a younger boy calling an older boy, that is, his older brother or friend.

Also, if the girl is much older than you, let’s say she’s well over 30, then it’s better to call her agashi, God forbid adjuma! She may be offended... And if, say, married man then he will be ajoschi, and the woman will be ajuma (that’s exactly it).

So what else... And yes, if you are talking to someone who is younger than you and at the same time you know each other well, then there is nothing wrong with the name (s). -and if the name ends with a consonant, -if it ends with a vowel. Sometimes you can hear simply: I am! This is all from the same topic as KA!

There is also a sunbae - this is an older classmate or colleague; chingu is a friend, but somehow I usually don’t say that...it sounds impersonal or something.

And if someone is younger than you, then you can call them dongsaeng... you can, but it’s not necessary, especially boys, they get offended ^_-

Did I forget something?! Eh, I think I wrote all the main points. If you have questions, ask.

Koreans very rarely address each other by name. Only close friends, as well as classmates and classmates of the same age, can take such a liberty. Elders can call younger ones by name (and even then they do not always use this right), but not vice versa.

“And in other cases, what do they call each other?” - those who have recently encountered the Korean language are surprised. The surprise, as a rule, is aggravated by the fact that the Korean language does not have the pronoun “You” in the sense in which we are accustomed to using it in relation to elders or strangers. There is a word 당신, which is translated in dictionaries as “You”, but in fact it is something between “You” and “you”, that is, it is not polite enough to address an elder this way. The pronoun 당신 can be used in relation to a peer or a person who is a little older/younger and who is not very far from you on the social ladder. In other cases, the necessary address is determined by who you are related to the person (and, accordingly, who you are related to him).

Let's look at the main types of requests.

In family

할아버지 – grandfather

할머니 - grandmother

아버지 (아빠) – father (dad)

어머니 (엄마) – mother (mother)

오빠 – older brother (for a woman)

언니 – older sister (for a woman)

누나 – older sister (for a man)

형 (님) – older brother (for a man)

동생 – younger brother or sister (for everyone)

이모 (님) – auntie maternal line

이모부 (님) – uncle (husband of maternal aunt)

고모 (님) – paternal aunt

고모부 (님) – paternal aunt’s husband

큰아버지 (큰아빠) – father's older brother

큰어머니 (큰엄마) - wife of father's elder brother

작은아버지 (작은아빠) – father’s younger brother

작은어머니 (작은엄마) – wife of father’s younger brother

삼촌 – uncle

외삼촌 – maternal uncle

며느리 – daughter-in-law

사위 – son-in-law (a woman’s parents address their daughter’s husband by last name + 사위)

Often parents call their children simply “son” or “daughter”, sometimes adding the pronoun 우리 – our(s):

아들 – son

딸 – daughter

Cousins, second cousins, etc. brothers and sisters are called the same as relatives (오빠,언니/형,누나). The same applies to older friends. If a friend or girlfriend is at least 1 year older, they are called an older brother or sister. Younger brothers/sisters/friends are called by name.

Treatment between spouses

In every family, spouses call each other differently. For example:

여보 – dear, dear

자기야 – dear, dear

Sometimes a wife calls her husband 오빠, and a husband calls his wife by name; less often - husband wife 누나, and husband's wife - by name (this depends on the difference in the age of the spouses and which of them is older)

When children appear, parents usually begin to address each other by the name of the eldest child. For example: 민혁 아빠 – Min Hyuk’s dad, 선희 엄마 – Song Hee’s mother.

At school/university:

선생님 – teacher, lecturer

교수님 – professor

선배님 (선배) – senior fellow student (lit.: one who started studying before me). The suffix -님 is respectful. In the case when a person started studying before you, but is younger than you in age, this suffix need not be attached.

후배 – younger study comrade (such comrades can be called by name)

In the case when it is necessary to specify which teacher, professor or senior fellow student is meant, before the position they call either full name, or just the last name. For example: 김수정선생님 – teacher (teacher) Kim Soo Jong, or simply 김선생님 – teacher (teacher) Kim.

At work

At work, it is customary to address everyone by their job title. Just as in the case of a teacher or professor, before the title you can indicate the full name or only the surname of the person you are addressing (or about).

Positions in the company:

회장 – president

부회장 – vice president

사장 – director (as well as executive director)

부사장 – Deputy Executive Director

전무이사 /전무 -Chief Managing Director

상무이사 /상무 – Managing Director

이사 – director

부장 – general manager, head of department

차장 – deputy head of department

과장 – manager

대리 – assistant manager

계장 – section chief

사원 - employee

When addressing all positions, the polite suffix -님 is added: 사장님, 부장님, etc.

Ordinary employees higher up the corporate ladder are addressed by name with the addition of a polite suffix - 씨: 미령씨,민수씨. Employees also address each other in the same way. Exception: newcomers who have recently joined the company address employees of the same rank as them, but who joined earlier 선배님 or 선배

On the street and in other public places

In case of communication with strangers who have nothing to do with you (for example, service personnel, sellers in stores and markets, taxi drivers, hairdressers, etc., as well as just passers-by on the street), the following addresses are used:

아쩌씨 – man, uncle (to a man over 30 years old)

아줌마 or 아주머니 (more polite) – woman, aunt (to a woman over 30 years old)

아가씨 – girl

학생 – student (for schoolchildren, teenagers and young people of both sexes)

꼬마 – baby (for preschool children)

“No matter how much you educate a person, he still wants to live well”©

The most important integral part politeness is right choice forms of addressing the interlocutor. This takes into account his age, social status, the degree of closeness of the relationship, the environment in which communication takes place.

In a family, only the younger ones are usually called by name, and the main form of address is the names of degrees of relationship in their polite form: father, mother, spouse, older brother/sister, big father (father's older brother), younger father, older sister's husband, mother-in-law/ father-in-law, matchmaker, godfather, etc., etc. In everyday life, people who are not literally relatives often call each other degrees of relationship.

Oppa (Older brother) - this is how girls and young women address older young people. There is a joke: “Oppa often becomes appa.”

Appa- appeal small child to my father. A young wife sometimes calls her husband the same way if they have Small child. This is similar to the phrase “our folder (daddy)”.

Yobo (dear/dear) - this is what middle-aged and older spouses call each other. Young spouses, especially those with higher education and progressive views, address each other by name, as they called each other when they first met at university.

By name, with the addition of a word "ssi" Not only spouses call each other, but also friends, colleagues of equal status and age, so the translation of the word “ssi” is "Mr., Madam" , as dictionaries indicate, not entirely adequate. This is a polite, friendly form. If it is used after the last name and first name, let's say. Park Yongchul-ssi, then this is already a completely official appeal.
"Ssi" immediately after a Korean surname (say, Kim-ssi) is considered rude as an address. It is used in relation to simple and uneducated people or when they want to hurt someone.

A common address to a friend married woman: "Han-min's Mother" , "Kyon'a's Mother" - goes back to those not too distant times when a woman’s status in society depended on whether she had a child or not.

Nuna (elder sister) - used in informal setting men towards women not much older than themselves. It is difficult to say what this “not much” equals. This is a nuance, apparently determined intuitively.

unnie (elder sister) - this is what women call their friends, classmates and fellow students, acquaintances and random fellow travelers somewhat older than themselves in age.
unnie- this is how you can address a pretty saleswoman at a market or in a store, and by this address she will immediately understand that you like her. However, at the same time, you yourself should not be too burdened with the burden of years. Otherwise, your interlocutor will think that you are hinting at her considerable age. Times are changing quickly, and today young (30-40 years old) Korean women react painfully to any hints and questions related to their age. The desire to stay young after marriage is a recent one, but is becoming more common.

With this in mind, one should be careful when using the traditional address to a married woman. ajumoni (literally: auntie, auntie) , which is increasingly associated with the idea of ​​an illiterate, middle-aged and unrespectable person or with the bad manners of the speaker. In meaning it resembles our Russian "woman", which does not evoke any pleasant associations.
Changing traditional connections in society, when everyone more women continue to work after getting married, when the number of women holding certain positions, holding scientific degrees, participating in political and social activities is growing, there is a need for a new neutral and respectful form of address, like "madam" from the French, "miss" from the British, "lady" among the Poles.
So far, there has been a tendency among employees to use the English "Miss". They only respond to him willingly and without offense young girls- secretaries from offices or nurses from private dental clinics. The search continues.

A person who teaches at a prestigious university is called sunsaeng-nim, What means "teacher". A teacher can be called a person who knows something better than others.
Sometimes students can contact teachers kyosu-nim (Dear Professor) . This is often said to those who have a scientific degree or a fairly high status among other professors.

At a market or in a store a person is approached sonnim (guest, client) .

Most Koreans, with age, achieve their desired goal and become owners of their own business, which gives them the right to be called a word that sounds euphonious to the Korean ear. sajang-nim (that is, the respectable owner of the enterprise) , and even if they don’t, then it still appears to them the best compliment, just as it pleases the soul of a lieutenant to address him as “Mr. Major.”
****
se@l
There is also sunbae - senior comrade (for work, for university, for drinking).
Hyun - Older brother . Man's Appeal younger age to a man older in age.

Eleyna
There is also "hoobae"- junior in rank, colleague or classmate in position.
"Self-nim" - "madam", also used to address a professor’s wife or a woman who is the wife of any respected person.
"Sabo-nim" - "Mister" , Respected man. For example, this is how you can address the president.
Big brother to younger sister addressed by name. When referring to a name, a particle is added "-I" or "-A", depending on the euphony of pronunciation, for example "yuri-ya" or "hamin-ah", which means close relationship. This tradition is observed until old age. But this, of course, is not a mandatory appeal, but just a nice feature.

"오빠" (oppa, older brother for a girl). In modern Korean, “oppa” is no longer just an older brother for a girl, it is any young man who is scarier than her, more or less close to her, a friend, acquaintance, co-worker, etc. Here, however, it is worth making a reservation. A girl will simply use the term “oppa” to call either her own older brother or her boyfriend. In all other cases, this address will be preceded by the person's name (성우 오빠, for example ("Song Woo oppa") - although this rule however, it is more applicable when the conversation is about this very “oppa” with a third person; when addressed directly, it will still be just “oppa”). With this “oppa” (as with all other terms, which are discussed below), the most difficulties always arise when translating into Russian: there is no exact parallel in Russian and you have to constantly get out and look for words suitable for this particular situation. “Oppa” is not just a word, it is a whole layer of Korean culture, if you look at it more broadly. “Oppa” will always help, you can (and should) rely on him, he is the source of all joys (as well as the root of all misfortunes), etc. and so on. This appeal contains the whole essence of Confucian society - the elder is always better, he is always right, especially if the elder is a guy in relation to a girl.

"언니" ("unnie", older sister for a girl). The usage is the same as “oppa”; this word is used to describe not only older sisters, but also all older girls. “Unnie” also has one unique feature that distinguishes it from all other similar addresses, namely, this is how female waitresses in restaurants are called, and quite often even guys. Common mistake Russian speakers in Korea call waitresses “아가씨” (“Agassi”, literally “girl”). However, this cannot be done, since the word “agassi” has a pronounced negative connotation; that's what girls are called prostitute, in rare cases, old uncles and aunts can call a young girl that way (which is justified etymologically; “agassi”, literally “little mistress girl”; this word acquired a negative meaning recently, during the lifetime of these same old men, hence the use them this word from old memory).

"형" ("Hyung", big brother for guys). The scope of use is the same. Any guy older than you will be a "hyung" (with all the ensuing consequences). An interesting detail: “hyung” (or more politely “hyungnim”) is what the gang leader is called by his subordinates.

"누나" ("Noona", older sister for guys). The scope of use is the same. However, let me note that “noona” is more often used to refer to one’s own older sisters, but if it is necessary to somehow designate a girl who is older in age, a Korean will still look for other ways: by position, place of work, etc. ., although it is, of course, impossible to say that guys completely avoid this treatment.

"동생" ("Dongsaeng", younger brother or sister). This word is not a direct address; no one [almost] ever calls a junior “dongsaeng” in direct contact, but in a conversation with a third person about this person they can refer to him with this very term. So, for example, they can characterize a young girl / guy in order to emphasize his belonging to something (without such a correlation, Korean culture is simply inconceivable): 김연아, 국민 여동생 (“Kim Young Ah, younger sister the entire nation"), seemingly loving and proud at the same time.

Ajusshi - achzhossi (achzhoshi) - an appeal to a man who is much older in age. Sometimes it is translated, depending on the situation, as “master” or “uncle.”

Ajumma - achzhuma - an appeal to a woman who is much older in age. Similar to "ajossi", sometimes translated as "lady" or "aunt". Young girls can be insulted by calling them "achzhuma".

Agassi - agassi (agashi) - an appeal to young ladies who are not yet “aunts”. They are also often translated simply as “madam” or “girl”.

Hyungnim - hyungnim - a more formal form of address "hyung". Can be used when addressing, for example, a son-in-law or the leader of a mafia-gangster group.

Sunbae - sunbae - an address to senior students or senior work colleagues. Something like an analogue of the Japanese "senpai"

Sunbae-nim - sunbae-nim - a more formal and strict "sunbae". Same as "hyung" and "hyungnim".

In a family, only the youngest are usually called by name, and the main form of address is the names of degrees of relationship in their polite form: father, mother, spouse, older brother/sister, big father (father's older brother), younger father, older sister's husband, mother-in-law/ father-in-law, matchmaker, godfather, etc., etc. In everyday life, people who are not literally relatives often call each other degrees of relationship.

Oppa (elder brother) - this is how girls and young women address older young people. There is a joke: “Oppa often becomes appa.”

Appa - a small child's address to his father. A young wife sometimes calls her husband the same way if they have a small child. This is similar to the phrase “our folder (daddy).”

Yobo (dear/darling) is what middle-aged and older spouses call each other. Young spouses, especially those with higher education and progressive views, address each other by name, as they called each other when they first met at university.

Often, when addressing a person respectfully or formally, the suffix "-ssi" ("-ssi" or "-shi") is added after his name, which is usually translated as "lord" or "madam." Lately In Korea, the English addresses “Mr”, “Miss”, “Mrs” have become fashionable; this can sometimes be clearly heard in dramas and films. Still, when translating in the credits, I would still recommend translating “Madam” or “Mr.,” without Americanisms, which often hurt the eyes of a picky viewer.

The usual address to a married woman you know: “Han-min’s Mother”, “Kyeong-ah’s Mother” - goes back to those not too distant times when a woman’s status in society depended on whether she had a child or not.

The suffixes are "-양" ("-yang") and "-군" ("-kun").

There is not much to say about these suffixes. "-yang" joins female name and, in fact, means “girl”, “girl”, “-kun”, respectively, to the masculine, and means “guy”, “young man”. In nine cases out of ten, these suffixes will only be used by elders in relation to younger ones, usually children and teenagers; in all other cases they are unacceptable. They can often be heard in the speech of teachers calling children by name in class, educators in hagwons (language schools), sometimes when addressing, for example, the head of a department in the office to a young trainee or intern, less often between friends, but this is more common in a joke and often in situations where the speaker wants to emphasize the gender of the listener.

There is also “hube” - a junior in rank, a colleague or classmate in position. “Samo-nim” - “madam”, this is also how they address the wife of a professor or a woman who is the wife of any respected person. “Sabo-nim” - “Mr.” , Respected man. For example, this is how you can address the president. An older brother addresses his younger sister by name. When referring to a name, a particle “-ya” or “-a” is added, depending on the euphony of the pronunciation, for example, “yuri-ya” or “khamin-a,” which means a close relationship. This tradition is observed until old age. But this, of course, is not a mandatory appeal, but just a nice feature.

And there is also a piece of “yang” for a girl who is younger... And “gun” for men...

Taking this into account, one should carefully use the traditional address to a married woman, adjumoni (literally: aunt, auntie), which is increasingly associated with the idea of ​​​​an illiterate, middle-aged and unrespectable person or with the bad manners of the speaker. In meaning, it resembles our Russian “woman”, which does not evoke any pleasant associations.

The change in traditional relationships in society, when more and more women continue to work after getting married, when the number of women holding certain positions, holding scientific degrees, and participating in political and social activities is growing, has created a need for a new neutral and respectful form of address, like “Madame” among the French, “miss” among the English, “lady” among the Poles.

So far, there has been a tendency among employees to use the English "Miss". Only young girls—secretaries from offices or nurses at private dental clinics—respond to him readily and without offense. The search continues.

A person who teaches at a prestigious university is called seongsaeng-nim, which means “teacher.” A teacher can be called a person who knows something better than others.

Sometimes students may address teachers as kyosu-nim (respected professor). This is often said to those who have a scientific degree or a fairly high status among other professors.

“Chagi” is almost the same as “ebo”, only it is also used between just a guy and a girl, not necessarily spouses.

And “uri aegi” (something like “my baby”), some Koreans say that to their girlfriends. Although it came from some Korean series from 4 years ago.

Kaos al Rim: “sabom” - an address to a coach, instructor, teacher

"kwan-jannim" - an appeal to a master (for example, taekwondo, or hapkido)

It must be taken into account that in different situations the same person is addressed differently.

0 After people have watched their first drama, questions begin about the origin and meaning of some obscure words. Since ancient times, a rule arose in Korea not to use personal names in communication. Similar view etiquette has been preserved to this day, although it is not followed as categorically as in the past.. We recommend adding us to your bookmarks so that you can visit us periodically. Today we will talk about another Korean word, this Nuna, what it means in Korean you will read a little lower.
However, before continuing, I would like to recommend you a couple more sensible publications on the topic of street slang. For example, what does Ofnik mean, how to understand the word Vpadlu, what is Sizhka, who is Degradant, etc.
So let's continue what does Nuna mean? in Korean? This term was borrowed from the Korean language, and literally translates as "big sister."

Nuna- that's what the younger guy calls his older sister, or an older friend

Do you want to go on a date with me noona? (Do you want to go on a date with me noona?)

I told noona that I"ll come home early today. (I told noona that I would come home early today).

Sang-hee noona is so pretty. She"s smart, sporty, and a beautiful voice. I wish noona would go out with me, but I found out she doesn"t date any one younger than her. (Sang-hee noona is so beautiful. She is smart, athletic and has a charming voice. I want noona to go out with me, but I found out that she is not dating anyone younger than her).

Nuna- this is an appeal from a younger brother to an older sister, but in relation to girls older than oneself in age it is not used so often

Nuna is a Korean term meaning older sister, which men call a female relative or an older girl whom they admire or respect. The word is sometimes used as an honorific or as a substitute for a person's name. Variant spelling is Nuna

It is worth noting that titles such as unnie, noona, oppa or hyung are not used in relation to those who are older than 15 - 20 years. I will add that noona Most often they call their own older sisters. If a Korean needs to somehow address a girl older than himself in age, then he will look for other designations, using references to place of work, position, status, etc. However, to say that young people from Korea completely refuse this word when communicating with older girls, it would be wrong.

Word " Nuna"often used in romantic relationships when a guy refers to his lover who is older than him or the same age.

After reading this article, you learned what does Nuna mean? in Korean, and now you will no longer be in trouble if you suddenly come across this word again.