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Types of skin (types of skin). Skin types. Genuine Leather. Leather products

Currently, we are very actively buying goods in online stores. Often the buyer is attracted by the sale price, colorful photographs make them already take out a credit card and pay for the goods. However, as folk wisdom says: "If you hurry, you will make people laugh"! In order to be guaranteed to receive a product of exactly the quality that the buyer expects, it is necessary not only to carefully study the product from the photo and read the description fluently, but also to have some theoretical knowledge that will help to avoid annoying mistakes and waste.

Today we will talk about leather products, more precisely about the material itself - leather. Man has been using leather in everyday life since ancient times. After one or another processing method, the skin of an animal could be used either as a fur product, or one or another type of skin. Leather was used to make clothes, shoes, equipment, covers and some parts for weapons, as well as some elements of military armor.

Leather is a strong and durable material. It has good protective properties, is elastic and durable with proper care. Aesthetically attractive, it can give things both a sophisticated elegant and a reliable severe appearance. The science of tanning has continuously developed and improved over the centuries. There are many ways of dressing and processing leather, about which a lot of specialized literature has been written. Like any other area of ​​human activity, leather production uses its own special terminology, which is also used in the description of goods in the store.

Genuine Leather

  • Classic leathers from cattle skins:

bull leather ( Bull leather , Steerhide ) - very dense, tough, durable leather with a thickness of 2.5 to 5 mm. Durable, wear-resistant, practically insensitive to moisture. It is used for the manufacture of haberdashery goods (bags, purses, backpacks, belts in ethnic, "country" and "crazy" styles), jackets, travel and special shoes(boots, berets, boots), as well as decorative and gift items (from book bindings to key chains and hairpins).


An example of a bovine leather jacket. The photo shows the thickness of the skin and its characteristic texture.


buffalo leather ( Buffalo leather ) - the most dense, tough and heavy of natural leathers with a thickness of 0.9 to 3 mm with a characteristic "coarse-grained" (or "reaped") texture of the front surface. Resistant to moisture and mechanical damage. It is used similarly to bovine leather, but is much rarer and more expensive. Very popular in the manufacture of jackets and accessories for bikers.

An example of a buffalo leather bag.

Cowhide ( cowhide , neat " s leather ) - plastic, elastic, durable leather with an imposing natural texture of the front side. Well perceives various types of dressing, processing and coloring. Allows you to get a significant range of leather materials of various colors and textures, including elite and exclusive ones. It has a wide range of applications, including: tailoring, footwear and haberdashery, furniture upholstery, upholstery and decoration of car interiors, residential and office premises, production of decorative and gift items.

cowhide from the American leather company Horween.


An example of a handmade belt from cowhide. Product from the Japanese site Rakuten.

Cow's skin (WITHow leather ) - durable skin, less thickness and stiffness than bull. It has a pleasant natural texture, wear-resistant. It is used for the manufacture of haberdashery, outerwear, shoes and accessories in a moderate price range.

Women's bag made of cowhide. Mass production. China.

Calfskin ( Calfskin , calf , veal ) - thin, soft, plastic, silky to the touch skin, has a natural "breathing" structure, high strength and wear resistance. The characteristics, use and cost of calf leather depend on the age of the animals. Calfskin milk age(up to 6 months) – flask- perfectly drapes and keeps its shape, has high elasticity and resistance to deformation. It is used to make high quality clothing and accessories. The skin of calves up to one year of age - outgrowth- thicker, less elastic and is used for the manufacture of high quality shoes, bags and other haberdashery and accessories. The toughest and thick skin calves up to 18 months of age. It is used both for the manufacture of high-quality shoes, bags, suitcases and various souvenirs, as well as in interior design.

Italian gloves Calfskin. Shop epauletnewyork.

  • Classic leathers from the skins of domestic and wild animals:

Horse (horse) skin ( horsehide , Horse leather ) - rather dense, high-strength leather of medium plasticity, which requires quite a long processing to achieve quality. It is used for the manufacture of high-quality men's outerwear, hats, shoes, accessories, as well as natural upholstery and lining materials.

A modern replica of an American WWII flight jacket from the company Aeroleatherclothing.

Some jackets made of similar leather are recommended to be specially seated (like a pair of raw denim jeans) and then broken in. If anyone is interested, here are the instructions.

Goat skin (goat skin /leather) - tender and soft, very thin and durable, has a unique wavy pattern, is quite water resistant, retains heat well, is plastic and elastic. Used to make high quality elegant accessories and light outerwear.


Goat skin leather jacket from an American company Alpha Industries.

Buckskin ( Deerskin , Deer leather, doeskin , buckskin ) - elastic, durable, velvety, retains its shape well with frequent changes in temperature and humidity. In the process of dressing, it is processed with animal fats, retains heat well, protects from wind and moisture. As a rule, it is used for the manufacture of men's shoes, briefcases, bags, gloves and other accessories, less often for sewing outerwear.

For example, here is a bag from an American company known for its very attentive attitude to materials and details.



Here you can see the characteristic texture of the material.


Sometimes deerskin with the help of special processing, on the contrary, can be quite tough. For example, deerskin of Indian dressing Parflech, is characterized as rather rigid. It is currently used for the manufacture of accessories in ethnic style. Term Parflech it is also used for elk and buffalo leather of similar processing.


Elk skin (Elk Skin) - elegant, durable, silky to the touch, similar in properties to deer, but has a slightly more porous structure. It is used for tailoring men's outerwear and accessories.

This is how the details of a hunting jacket made of elk skin look like.


The use of elk leather in FBT moccasins from a cult Japanese manufacturer Visvim.


Here you can see the texture of the skin and the use of a manual seam by the master.


Sheepskin - sheep skin (sheepskin) - flexible, soft elastic skin, with high elongation. It is perfectly processed and keeps the given form. It is considered one of the best materials for the manufacture of high-quality model clothes, hats and accessories.


Men's padded jacket amazon.co.uk.


Pigskin (pigskin) – fairly thin and light leather with a characteristic large-pore texture. It takes dressing and coloring well, but does not differ in strength and water resistance. It is used for mass production of inexpensive haberdashery goods, clothing, footwear, accessories, upholstery and lining materials.

Pigskin wallet. Area ebay.


Pouch for penknife made of pigskin.


  • Exotic leathers:

Crocodile skin ( Crocodile skin / leather ) - characterized by noble beauty, complex, long and laborious processing, strength, elasticity, absolute resistance to moisture and pollution, very high cost. According to raw materials, properties and price, they are divided into: leather caiman ( Caiman skin / leather ) – more rigid and less durable; the skin of the crocodile itself and the skin alligator ( Alligator skin / leather ) . Shoes, clothes, haberdashery and accessories made of crocodile skin are made mainly by hand, by masters of the highest class and adorn the collections of the world's leading designers.


Crocodile leather wallet.


Crocodile leather watch bracelet. Handmade by Japanese manufactory KC"S.


Snake skin ( Snakeskin , snake leather ) - smooth and elastic, with fantastic patterns and textures, strong, durable and perfectly accepts various types of dressing, processing and coloring. Most popular leather python ( Python skin / leather ) And cobras ( Cobra skin / leather ) . Snake skin is used to make shoes, clothes and accessories, giving even the smallest item a uniqueness and originality.


Cowboy style snakeskin wallet.


Ostrich skin ( Ostrich skin / leather ) - dense, plastic, rather strong skin, has a very effective texture of the front surface. One of the most popular materials in the collections of many famous designers. It is used for the manufacture of shoes, outerwear, haberdashery, decor elements and interior decoration.

Ostrich leather gloves. The characteristic texture is visible.


Kangaroo skin ( Kangaroo skin / leather ) - plastic and springy, light and strong, has high air permeability and hygroscopicity, perfectly retains its properties and shape in finished products. It is used for tailoring clothes, shoes, including sports shoes, haberdashery and accessories.


Tourist boots made of American brand kangaroo leather.

shark skin ( Shark skin / leather ) - is considered the most durable among natural leathers, while being light and elastic. In its natural state, it is covered with very hard and sharp scales, which are quite difficult to remove. Shoes, outerwear, haberdashery and various accessories, decorative elements and souvenirs are made from shark skin.


Shark skin wallet, handmade. Japan.


Stingray leather ( Stingray skin / leather ) - has a very attractive fine-grained texture of the front surface, is very durable and difficult to dress and process, but it is waterproof, resistant to dirt and does not require special care. It is used for the manufacture of high-quality outerwear, shoes, haberdashery and accessories, decor elements and even women's jewelry.


Iphone case made of stingray leather.


Processes for dressing, dyeing and finishing leather

Krast ( Krust ) - the general designation of dense leathers with a preserved natural front surface, obtained mainly from the skins of cattle.

Such leathers undergo chrome or chromium-free tanning and are subjected to covering or through dyeing. To protect against moisture, the front surface of the crust is treated with natural wax, while maintaining the natural breathability of the skin. Crust is used for the manufacture of shoes, haberdashery and office products, upholstery of furniture, the manufacture of goods for riding (saddle, harness) and goods special purpose(sheaths, game-bags, holsters, etc.). Products from trust are durable, with long-term use in places of folds and constant friction, they acquire a darker color (patina) and the effect of natural aging.


Vegan– crust tanned with substances of natural (vegetable) origin.

To obtain a vegan, both cattle skins and pigskin are used. Vegan is used to make decorative and gift items, accessories and household items in ethnic, country and crazy styles, elements of traditional costumes, goods for riding (saddles, harness) and special purposes (sheaths, game bags, holsters, etc.). .) self made.


Smooth skin- a general designation of high-quality and elite leathers with a natural front surface, obtained from calf, goat and sheep skin, skin of young cows and bulls, in rare cases - from pig and foal skin.

Front surface smooth leathers not processed at all or undergoes minimal refining treatment by spraying wax, resin or paint, sometimes with a light dust-like embossing. Smooth leathers are plastic, retain their natural breathability, and are prone, like crust, to natural patination during operation. They are used for sewing clothes and shoes of the highest class, making accessories, haberdashery and gift items, prestigious furniture, decorating and interior decoration.

Aniline leather (Aniline leather ) - smooth premium leather, with a thin non-pigmented protective shell applied to the painted surface. Weakly protected from external influences, most prone to patination.


Semi-aniline and aniline-plus leather ( Semi - aniline leather ) – aniline leather with additional dusting of pigments and dyes. A little tougher and lower quality, however, more resistant to external influences.


Skin with a corrected facial surface ( Corrected grain leather ) – semi-aniline leather subjected to multi-stage processing to perfect alignment of the front surface, polymer coating and light embossing. Tougher and lower quality than semi-aniline leather, but has a reliable protection against moisture and pollution.


Nappa (Nappa leather ) – soft and elastic semi-aniline leather with a corrected front surface with a thickness of 0.5 to 1 mm, made from sheepskin and cattle hides. The skins are double-tanned and subjected to various types of additional processing to give various decorative effects. Nappa is used for the manufacture of hats, outerwear and lightweight clothing, haberdashery, various accessories and decorative elements.


Velor (Velour leather) - soft and plastic skin with a short, dense pile. Velor is made from dense, small skins of pigs and cattle, by chrome tanning, followed by polishing the front or wrong side of the skin. "Front" velor is obtained as a result of grinding the front side of the skin (merei), "bakhtarmy" velor - by grinding the wrong side of the skin (bakhtarmy). The front side of the "bakhtarmyany" velor is the polished side. Velor is not durable and resistant to moisture and dirt. It is used for the production of outerwear, shoes and haberdashery. To increase water resistance and service life, velor should be subjected to additional processing, and products made from it should be carefully maintained.


Suede (chamois leather) - soft, thin, durable, well-stretching velvety skin, on both sides has a thick short pile without shine. Made from fat-tanned leather, processed on both sides. It has a porous structure, perfectly passes water and air, retains its shape and properties when wet and after drying. Suede is resistant to temperature changes and some caustic substances, does not cause allergic reactions. High-quality suede is obtained from the calf, skins of young deer, elk, goats and sheep and is used to make clothes, underwear, hats, light model shoes, orthopedic products, various accessories and jewelry. From the skins of adult sheep and deer, technical and wiping suede are obtained, which are used in industry.


Laika ( kidskin , dogskin ) – light elastic skin pastel colors, with a perfectly smooth front surface. Laika is made from classic types raw materials - skins of lambs, kids, foals and dogs, and from non-traditional ones - skins of cats and rats. Dressing of skins is carried out by chrome, chrome-fat or aluminum tanning. Despite the softness and tenderness of the husky, it is quite durable and wear-resistant. It is mainly used for the manufacture of gloves, decorative items and jewelry, much less often in making light shoes and haberdashery. Laika does not tolerate moisture, and after drying it loses its shape and properties. Laika products require proper care.


Nubuck (nubuk) - exquisite leather with a very fine pile on the front side, has a porous "breathing" structure, a fairly high strength. Unlike suede, it is made from denser skins of cattle, subjected to chrome tanning and polishing only on the front side. It is mainly used for the manufacture of men's, women's and children's shoes and as a furniture material, less often for sewing outerwear. In order for nubuck products to last longer and retain their appearance, they require careful care with special products.

Nubuck oil (nubuk-oil) – nubuck with additional fat impregnation. It has a characteristic oily surface and a slightly vintage look, but is practically insensitive to moisture and is easily cleaned of dirt. Shoes made from nubuck oil are more practical and durable.

crazy (Crazy leather) - Refined leather with an elegant matt front and pull-up effect. Unlike nubuck, after sanding, it undergoes a special stretching treatment and a wax coating. This treatment gives the effect of lightening and "floating" of color in places where the skin is stretched. It is also used for making shoes and as a furniture material.

Morocco ( Morocco leather) – high-quality leather of special dressing, stamped and dyed in rich bright colors. Made from sheep and calfskin, it has high strength, resistance to dirt and mechanical damage, has an elegant rich look. It is used for the manufacture of stylish bags and accessories, decorative items and jewelry.

split (split leather) - natural leather material obtained by mechanical separation - grinding - natural leather into layers, usually from 3 to 6 layers. Stratification is subjected to chromium and chromium-fatty skins of cattle and pigs. By foliation, front, middle and purl (bakhtarmy) splits are obtained. Thin facial splits are used to obtain high-quality haberdashery and photo leathers. Thick front and middle splits form split velor used for the manufacture of technical footwear, workwear and for the manufacture of furniture leather. Small splits and trimmings are used to make glue and technical gelatin.

Shagreen (shagreen leather) - dense leather with a decorative convex-grained texture of the front surface of untanned leather. It was made from the black-backed part of horses and kulans and dyed green. Now it is made from sheep and goat skin. It is mainly used for decorative consumer goods and as technical leather.

Galisha (French galuchat) - shagreen obtained from stingray and shark skins, which have a natural granular structure. It is used for the manufacture of shoes, outerwear, haberdashery and various accessories, decor elements and souvenirs.

Kid (fr. chevreau, English . kidskin ) - soft, light, dense leather with a peculiar wavy pattern on the front surface. Traditionally, chevro was made from thin skins of chrome-tanned dairy goats and had properties similar to laika. Now it is made from sheep, mutton and calf skins. Shevro is inelastic, water-resistant and does not let air through. Due to its protective properties, it is one of the best materials for sewing shoes. Also, various haberdashery, decorative elements and souvenirs are made from it.


chevret (Chevrette leather) - elastic, viscous, dense and loose leather obtained from young sheepskin by chrome tanning. The pattern of the front surface resembles a chevro, but is much less durable and of poorer quality. It is used for the manufacture of outerwear, shoes and haberdashery. To increase the strength, loose chevret is treated with polymer and other materials. A more durable variety of chevret, better suited for sewing shoes, is obtained from the skins of sheep of coarse-haired steppe breeds.

Cordovan ( Cordovan ) - durable, strong, elastic exclusive vegetable tanned leather with a shiny smooth front surface. It is made from separate sections of horse skin by very long manual dressing (about 6 months). Cordovan is waterproof, durable, easy to clean from dirt, for a long time retains shine. Used for tailoring exclusive men's shoes.


The famous Indy boots from the American company Alden.


Artificial substitutes for natural leather

MF leather ( microfiber synthetic leather ) - an artificial substitute for genuine leather based on microfiber - the finest synthetic microfibers of polyester and polyamide. Microfiber (MF) is characterized by lightness and high strength, it is plastic and springy, resistant to light and chemicals, allows the formation of materials of various structures, including textiles and knitwear, and does not accumulate static electricity. MF leathers have excellent water resistance and breathability, are resistant to abrasion, perfectly retain their color and shape during long-term use, are easy to clean and do not absorb dirt, have practically no odor of their own and do not perceive foreign odors.


MF leathers are almost indistinguishable from genuine leather in appearance. This effect is achieved due to high-quality imitation of the texture of the front and reverse side skin. MF leathers are free from congenital and acquired surface defects typical of natural leathers. In the manufacture of MF leather, almost any texture and color and decorative effects can be obtained on roll material of various widths.

MF leathers are used to make everyday and sports shoes, as well as furniture and automotive leather. The use of MF leathers saves the lives of animals raised for natural leather.

PU leather ( Polyurethane leather ) is a high-tech multilayer product based on defective natural leather. The damaged top layer of natural leather is replaced with an ultra-fine fiber made of high quality polyurethane (PU) - this is how PU leather is obtained. PU leather has through pores and the properties of a "breathing" and hygroscopic material, is light, resistant to mechanical stress, and tolerates low temperatures well. PU leather manufacturing technology allows you to get the front layer of any colors and textures without compromising the breathability and plasticity of the material. Often, PU leather products look more attractive than real leather.

PU leathers are used to make elegant outerwear and lightweight clothing, fashion and sports shoes, haberdashery, jewelry and decorative items, as well as furniture and automotive leathers.

Camera case made of Polyurethane leather


PVC leather, vinyl leather ( Polyvinyl chloride, vinyl synthetic leather ) – material made of monolithic or porous polyvinyl chloride (PVC) applied to a fibrous base. Vinyl artificial leather can be based on fabric, knitwear, various types of non-woven materials made from natural or synthetic fibers. The properties of vinyl artificial leather for a specific purpose - strength, flexibility, extensibility, springiness, fluidity, drape - are provided by the use various materials basics. The density of vinyl artificial leather is given by impregnation with polymer compositions. Thus, by varying the bases and additional processing methods, it is possible to obtain vinyl artificial leather with any predetermined properties. Vinyl leather is waterproof, resistant to abrasion, retains its color and shape perfectly during long-term use, is easy to clean and does not absorb dirt, does not have its own smell and does not perceive foreign odors.

Viniliskins are used to make elegant outerwear and lightweight clothing, trendy youth clothing, underwear, model and sports shoes, haberdashery, accessories, jewelry and decorative elements, as well as furniture and automotive leathers.


eco-leather (Eco leather) - material made of microporous "breathable" polyurethane, applied to a fabric base made of natural or polyester materials. A unique material that has all the best qualities of genuine leather and does not have its shortcomings. It has excellent hygienic properties, does not require special care, is durable, lightweight and wear-resistant. Visually indistinguishable from genuine leather. With an increase in the thickness of the polyurethane layer, the quality and performance properties improve, but the rigidity of the eco-leather also increases.

It is used for sewing clothes and underwear, model and sports shoes, haberdashery, accessories, household items, jewelry and decorative elements, as well as furniture and automotive leather.


  • Special artificial leather substitutes:

Faux suede (artificial chamois) - textile imitation of natural suede, material made of cotton and polyester fibers on an adhesive basis. To protect against moisture and pollution, the material is coated with Teflon coating. To give rigidity, the material is laminated on one side - it is subjected to high-temperature bonding with the substrate. It retains its shape and properties during washing and after drying, is resistant to temperature changes, does not cause allergic reactions. In appearance, it differs little from the natural counterpart, but is more durable and does not require special care. It is used for hats, light inexpensive shoes and various accessories, car interior trim, as well as in the manufacture of furniture.

Faux nubuck (Artificial nubuck leather, Synthetic nubuck leather ) - imitation of natural nubuck made of PU leather. In appearance, it almost does not differ from its natural counterpart, is more resistant to moisture and pollution, and does not require special care. Mainly used for making shoes, haberdashery and accessories.

Lacquered faux leather (Synthetic patent leather) – imitation leather with lacquered front surface. It is made from all types of artificial leather. With high quality, it is in no way inferior to natural analogues, but it is cheaper and less demanding in care. Lacquered artificial leather is used for tailoring clothes, headwear, haberdashery and accessories, making men's, women's and children's fashion shoes, interior decoration, as well as in the manufacture of furniture. The quality depends on the manufacturer and the type of material.


Stretch leather (Synthetic stretch l eather) - thin, elastic, springy material. It is made from all types of artificial leather. Stretch vinyl leather and eco leather are more common. It is used for tailoring, concert costumes and various accessories. Looks impressive, does not require special care. The quality depends on the manufacturer and the type of material.


Print leather (Synthetic p printed leather) - material with a pattern applied by one or a combination of various methods. It is made from all types of artificial leather. When making a leather print, embossing, engraving, applying various inclusions, varnishing and many other techniques can be used. The range of artificial leather prints is significantly superior to the natural counterpart.

Perforated leather (Perforated s synthetic leather) – material with perforated or punched through holes over the entire surface. It is made from all types of artificial leather. It is used in tailoring shoes, outerwear, haberdashery and accessories, in the manufacture of furniture and car decoration.

Embroidered leather ( Embroidered s synthetic leather ) - material with patterns embroidered on the front surface. It is made from all types of artificial leather, except for PU leather. Unlike natural analogues, artificial leather can be easily processed in industrial and household sewing machines. The range of artificial leather embroidered with complex patterns, lace and ribbons is very large. Embroidered artificial leathers are very widely used in tailoring, hats, accessories, interior decoration and furniture making.

Examples of descriptions of leather goods in stores

Now let's move from theory to practice. We will try to look at different products in stores and try to apply what we have learned.

For example, let's look at the description of these boots in the popular LLbean store.

The description explicitly states the use of bison skin without any sort of gimmick.


By zooming in on the photo, we can see the texture of the skin.


Check out the pilot jacket from Alpha Industries. The description also clearly indicates the use of natural sheepskin.


Boots Dr.martens 1461 . The description clearly indicates the synthetic origin of the materials. However, these boots are not of poor quality.


Sometimes in stores information about materials is not given explicitly. Terms such as "Premium leather" may be used. At the same time, anything can be meant by this term. From any kind of natural leather to ordinary leatherette with some kind of processing. As a rule, stock stores with discounted goods are not very scrupulous in these matters. For example, here are women's boots from the 6pm store. The description doesn't say anything about the leather itself, it just says "Premium".


Therefore, it is advisable to make purchases in such stores when a person already knows the product that he is buying and has an idea about it.

Conclusion

I hope that this material was interesting and useful for readers of the resource.

Now, reading the description of a product, the buyer will be more closely interested in the material and pay less attention to the marketing tricks of some stores.

Having replenished his luggage of "consumer" knowledge with the above information, a person will be able to understand the purchased goods much better, having greater erudition, he will be able to pass something with a calm soul, and become quite reasonably interested in something. Perhaps someone will be much more conscious of shopping, not buying things of mediocre quality, only because of the sale price. Knowing about the properties and characteristics of a particular type of leather, a person will be able to choose a product that will most fully meet the requirements of the buyer. In the end, "harmful" knowledge does not exist :)

34 comments

  • After a recent review, in addition to my disagreement with its author, I wondered if the author of the review is right in some ways, how does the layman know that "Premium leather" is not at all what it seems at first glance :-)

    Therefore, I asked Dmitry to sort out this not a simple issue both for myself and for our readers. In my opinion, the article turned out to be good and exhaustive. I will definitely save it to my bookmarks and will use it as a cheat sheet.

    Dmitry, thank you very much :-)

The model of lightweight demi-season boots with an upper made of high-strength hydrophobic leather and a rubber sole with a embossed tread is consistently popular among employees of various power structures, tourists and people who prefer active types of outdoor recreation. For greater comfort, the lining in the boots is made of dense PVC mesh. The toe and heel are reinforced with a special thermoplastic material that allows you to keep outer shape boot. Deaf valve prevents entry into the boot foreign objects. Demi-season boots are equipped with a lacing system consisting of eight pairs of D-shaped half rings, which make it possible to significantly facilitate and speed up the process of lacing and unlacing boots without removing the laces from the loops. ASSAULT BOOTS OF URBAN TYPE Continuation of the legendary "COBRA" series. Used in all special divisions of the Russian Federation Top combined: hydrophobic leather (1.2-1.4 mm), “DRYWALKSYSTEM” (R) (CJSC “RUSSIAN KOZHA”) + elastic genuine leather on the top. Lining: mesh. Sole: rubber of increased wear resistance (Italy), BUTEK 1. Sole fastening method: adhesive. Toe cap and heel counter: Reinforced thermoplastic material. Sizes: 40-46. The deaf valve protects a foot from influence of environment (dust, water, dirt) High-speed lacing. Black color. Weight: 570 gr. Specifications Storm boots. Model Cobra 12011 Producer BUTEKS Country Belarus Top material hydrophobic leather (1.2-1.4 mm), "DRYWALK SYSTEM"® (CJSC "RUSSIAN KOZHA") + elastic natural leather on the tibia Lining material mesh Sole fastening glue-on Instep support metal Toe and heel reinforced from thermoplastic material Sole material rubber of increased wear resistance BUTEK 1, (Italy) Available size range 40-46 Shoe color black Lace type speed lacing Valve type deaf valve

The upper is made of natural chrome leather, 1.4-1.6 mm thick The lining is made of textile material Cambrelle ®, "Super Royal" ® , high density, dries quickly and does not wear off Durable sole made of thermoplastic, withstands temperatures from -40 ° C to +40 °C Toe and heel counter reinforced with TECNO G thermoplastic material The model is fixed with lacing and is durable in use Produced and manufactured in Belarus General characteristics ISBN: 5-458-45233-X 978-5-458-45233-5 Publisher: ЁЁЁ Media Series: - Specifications Army type boots (Berets). Model Omon 701 Producer BUTEX Country Belarus Top material genuine chrome leather (1.4-1.6 mm) Lining material hygroscopic and wear-resistant fabric (150 g/m2) Glue-and-sewn fastening of the sole Instep support metal Toe and back reinforced from thermoplastic material Material TEP soles(±40°С) 2121 Available size range 36-50 Shoe color black Valve type blind valve Soft edging present Hooks present

Demi-season boots with a top made of durable elastic chrome leather 1.4 mm thick and with a reliable rubber sole equipped with a large tread - the best shoes that are used by numerous employees of law enforcement and security agencies, tourists and ordinary people leading an active lifestyle. As a lining, a strong and, at the same time, very soft nylon mesh is used here. The toe cap and heel of the boot are reinforced with a special thermoplastic material. The boots have a high-speed lacing that allows you to quickly and securely fix the foot in the boot. The model is equipped with a deaf valve that prevents foreign objects from entering the boot. ASSAULT BOOTS OF URBAN TYPE Combined top: genuine chrome leather (1.2-1.4 mm) + elastic genuine leather on soft piping and valve. Lining: laminated mesh. Sole: rubber of increased wear resistance (Italy), BUTEK 1. Sole fastening method: adhesive. Supinator: metal. Toe cap and heel counter: Reinforced thermoplastic material. Sizes: 40-46. Semi-deaf valve. Soft edge. Black color. Weight: 580 gr. Specifications Assault boots. Model Mongoose 24111 Producer BUTEX Country Belarus Top material genuine chrome leather (1.2-1.4 mm) + on soft edging and valve elastic genuine leather Lining material laminated mesh Sole fastening adhesive Instep support metal Toe and heel reinforced from thermoplastic material Sole material rubber of increased wear resistance BUTEK 1 , (Italy) Available size range 38-46 Shoe color black Valve type semi-deaf valve Soft piping present

Demi-season boots, in which the berets and the upper part of the vamp are made of nylon fabric with a density of 1000 D, and Bottom part vamps - made of genuine chrome leather with a thickness of 1.6 mm, are perfect for both employees of law enforcement and security units, as well as tourists or people who are fond of active species outdoor recreation. The undoubted advantages of this model is that the front part of the boot is protected from mechanical damage and moisture by an overlay made of Matrix leather and, in addition, the toe and heel are reinforced with a special thermoplastic material to maintain their shape. The lining in this model is made of durable nylon mesh. The high lacing system securely fixes the model on the leg, in addition, the presence of three pairs of hooks in the upper part of the ankle allows you to quickly lace up the boots. The deaf valve prevents foreign objects from entering the boot. The flexible and durable rubber outsole is equipped with a coarse tread pattern that provides optimal traction on a wide variety of surfaces, be it sand, gravel, rocks or grass. ASSAULT BOOTS URBAN TYPE This model is a classic "tactical" police boot. It has been tested in many special units of Russia. Received the highest marks for such indicators as wear resistance and comfort from the employees of the SOBR "BULAT". Top combination: genuine chrome leather (1.4-1.6) + high-strength fabric made from non-textured 1680D nylon thread. Lining: laminated mesh Sole: rubber of increased wear resistance (Italy), BUTEK 1. Sole fastening method: adhesive. Supinator: metal. Toe cap and heel counter: Reinforced thermoplastic material. Sizes: 40-46. The deaf valve protects a foot from influence of environment (dust, dirt). Black color. The toe part is reinforced - leather with high-strength PU coating "Matrix" (Italy). Weight: 545 gr. Specifications Assault boots. Model Viper 2331 Producer BUTEX Country Belarus Top material genuine chrome leather (1.4-1.6) + high-strength nylon fabric 1680D Lining material laminated mesh Sole fastening adhesive Metal arch support Toe and heel reinforced from thermoplastic material Sole material rubber of increased wear resistance BUTEK 1, (Italy) Available size range 40-46 Shoe color black Valve type deaf valve Protection with overlays made of high-strength Matrix leather with PU coating (Italy). toe

Pilot winter boots with a low (18 cm) beret and an elastic sole made of a polymer material with rubber properties (TEP) are perfect for outdoor activities, as work shoes and long walks. The top of this model is made of genuine chrome leather 1.6 mm thick, and is used as a heater. natural fur sheepskin. The toe and heel of the boot are reinforced with a special thermoplastic material to keep their shape. The outsole has a tread pattern for a secure grip on any surface. To prevent snow and foreign objects from getting inside the boot, Pilot boots are equipped with a semi-deaf valve. For greater reliability, the sole in this model is stitched around the perimeter, and the lower part of the ankle is attached to the vamp metal rivet. HIGH BOOTS Upper: natural chrome leather (1.4-1.6 mm) Lining: natural sheepskin. Sole: TEP (±40°С), 3521. Sole fastening method: gluing. Arch support: metal Toe cap and heel counter: reinforced thermoplastic material. Sizes: 36-50. Semi-deaf valve. Soft edge. Color: black Weight: 730 gr. Modifications: Model 180 artificial fur. Specifications Boots. Model Pilot 181 Producer BUTEX Country Belarus Top material genuine chrome leather (1.4-1.6 mm) Lining material natural sheepskin Sole fastening glue-and-stitching Metal arch support Toe and heel reinforced from thermoplastic material Sole material TEP (±40°C) 3521 Available size range 36-50 Shoe color black Valve type semi-deaf valve Soft piping present

Thermoplastic toe cap and heel counter. The height of the berets is 27 cm. Gender: male Season: summer Main color: black Material of the top part: genuine embossed leather + Oxford 600D Material of the part of the lining: unlined Material of the part of the bottom: sole - thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) Method of attaching the sole: bead stitching Type of shoes: ankle boots Size Chart cm 22.5 23 23.5 24.5 25 25.5 26.5 27 27.5 28.5 29 29.5 30.5 31 8 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 UK 3.5 4 5 6 6.5 7.5 8 9 9.5 10.5 11.5 12 13 Blank sheet paper. Mark the extreme borders of the foot. Measure the distance between the outermost points of the foot. Find the appropriate size in the table above.

Gender: unisex Season: summer Material: genuine leather Top material: vamp / back / ankle boots - genuine leather Lining material: breathable membrane material Bottom material: two-layer foam-based insole, moisture wicking Sole attachment method: molded Normative technical documentation: TR TC 019/2011 "On the safety of personal protective equipment" Protective properties: without a protective toe Shoe type: low shoes Series: STIX Sole: PU Color: black Fastener: lacing Country: Russia

ASSAULT BOOTS OF THE URBAN TYPE Upper: hydrophobic leather (1.2-1.4 mm), “DRYWALKSYSTEM” (R) (CJSC “RUSSIAN KOZHA”) Lining: printed wool fur (merino). Sole: 2-layer (rubber + PU), BUTEK 3. Sole attachment method: adhesive. Toe cap and heel counter: Reinforced thermoplastic material. Sizes: 40-46. The deaf valve protects a foot from influence of environment (dust, dirt). Speed ​​lacing. Black color. The toe part is reinforced with leather with high-strength PU coating "Matrix", (Italy). Weight: 600 gr. Specifications Assault boots. Model Cobra 12034 Producer BUTEKS Country Belarus Top material hydrophobic leather (1.2-1.4 mm), DRYWALK SYSTEM® (CJSC RUSSIAN KOZHA) Lining material printed woolen fur (merino) Sole fastening glued Instep support metal Toe and heel reinforced from thermoplastic material Sole material 2-layer: rubber + PU BUTEK 3, (Italy) Available size range 40-46 Shoe color black ). toe

LOW SHOES Top: genuine chrome leather (1.4-1.6 mm). Lining: non-woven, abrasion resistant and quick drying increased density(150g/sq.m.) Sole: TPE "FASHION" (±40°C), 112. Sole fastening method: gluing. Supinator: metal. Toe cap and heel counter: Reinforced thermoplastic material. Sizes: 40-46. Black color. Weight: 495 gr. Specifications Low shoes. Model Inspector 704 Producer BUTEKS Country Belarus Top material genuine chrome leather (1.4-1.6 mm) Lining material hygroscopic and wear-resistant fabric (150 g/m2) Glue-and-sewn sole fastening Metal arch support Toe and heel reinforced from thermoplastic material Sole material TEP (±40°С ) "FASHION", 112 Available size range 36-46 Shoe color black

Insulated boots Lesnik are designed for installers, for construction, loading and unloading operations, as well as for various industries industry and agriculture. Great for moving through the forest and staying in place for a long time in the most very coldy. The outsole made of deep corrugated rubber with anti-slip properties ensures the safety of metalwork assemblers, and the presence of a thick felt pad in the sole provides excellent thermal insulation for the foot. The bootleg has a special leather regulator. The vamp and the heel are made of genuine leather, which allows you to move comfortably in slushy weather. Boots height: 35cm Gender: male Season: winter Main color: black-grey Upper material: Sheep wool felt (100%), thickness 5-7mm. vamp genuine leather (1.8-2.2mm), thermoplastic 2mm in the toe and heel parts bottom detail material: multi-layer sole (layers: pvc, genuine leather, microporous rubber, felt, microporous rubber, TEP-thermoplastic elastomer) sole attachment method: stitched Type of shoes: cloth and felt shoes Size chart cm 22.5 23 23.5 24.5 25 25.5 26.5 27 27.5 28.5 29 29.5 30.5 31 Russian size (RUS) 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 EUR 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 UK 3.5 4 5 6 6.5 7.5 8 9 9.5 10.5 11.5 12 13 13.5 Finding your size Determine your size as follows: Place your foot on a clean sheet of paper. Mark the extreme borders of the foot. Measure the distance between the outermost points of the foot. Find the appropriate size in the table above.

Season: winter Top part material: vamp / back / ankle boots - genuine leather Lining part material: woolen fur Bottom part material: two-layer foam-based insole, moisture wicking Sole attachment method: injection Protective properties: without protective toe-cap Type of footwear: boots Series: NEON Sole: PU-TPU Color: black Lining/insulation: woolen fur Fastener: lacing Country: Russia

OMON winter boots, in which high (24 cm) berets are made of natural chrome leather 1.6 mm thick, with a flexible sole made of thermoplastic plastic, equipped with a large embossed tread and insulation made of high-quality natural sheepskin - these are exactly the shoes that law enforcement officers need , professional tourists and everyone who is fond of outdoor activities. The toe and heel of the boot are reinforced with thermoplastic material to keep their shape. In this model, a lacing system is used, in the upper part of which there are two pairs of metal loops that allow you to quickly take off and put on shoes without removing the laces from the loops. The deaf valve prevents dirt, snow, sand and other foreign objects from getting inside the boot. This model is a godsend for people with a high instep. Top: genuine chrome leather (1.4-1.6 mm). Lining: natural sheepskin. Outsole: TEP (±40°C), 2050. Outsole fastening method: gluing. Supinator: metal. Toe cap and heel counter: Reinforced thermoplastic material. Sizes: 36-50. The deaf valve protects a foot from influence of environment (dust, water, dirt). Hooks. Soft edge. Black color. Weight: 840 gr. Technical characteristics Boots of army type (Berets). Model Omon 905 Producer BUTEX Country Belarus Top material genuine chrome leather (1.4-1.6 mm) Lining material natural sheepskin Sole fastening glue-and-piercing Metal arch support Toe and heel reinforced from thermoplastic material Sole material TEP (± 40 ° C), 2050 Available size range 36- 50 Shoe color black Valve type blind valve Soft piping present Hooks present

The top of this model of boots is made of special combined fabrics: the vamp is made of hydrophobic leather 1.8 mm thick; high (23 cm) berets - made of durable nylon fabric with a density of 1000 D. The lining is made of moisture-wicking Cambrel fabric, which is not subject to abrasion and decay. The heel and toe of the boot are reinforced with thermoplastic material to increase reliability and shape retention. Rubber outsole with a large embossed tread is attached to the boot using the adhesive method. The design of the upper part of the powerful high lacing system with five pairs of metal loops allows you to quickly put on and take off the shoes. The presence of a deaf valve in this model prevents any foreign objects from entering the boot. This model is very reliable and practical, and therefore extremely popular among law enforcement officers and people who are fond of outdoor activities. BOOTS WITH HIGH TIRES Top combined: hydrophobic leather (1.2-1.4 mm), “DRYWALK SYSTEM” (R) (CJSC “RUSSIAN KOZHA”) + high-strength fabric made of non-textured 1680D nylon thread. Lining: non-woven, abrasion-resistant and quick-drying high density (150gsm). Sole: rubber of increased wear resistance (Italy), PANAMA. Sole attachment method: adhesive. Supinator: metal. Toe cap and heel counter: Reinforced thermoplastic material. Sizes: 40-46. The deaf valve protects a foot from influence of environment (dust, dirt). Speed ​​lacing. Soft edge. Black color. In the heel part of the berets there is a shock-absorbing insert. Weight: 720 gr. Specifications Lightweight ankle boots. Model Kalahari 1411 Producer BUTEX Country Belarus Upper material hydrophobic leather (1.2-1.4 mm), DRYWALK SYSTEM® (CJSC RUSSIAN KOZHA) + high-strength nylon fabric 1680D Lining material hygroscopic and wear-resistant fabric (150 g/m2) Sole fastening adhesive Arch support metal Toe cap and heel reinforced from thermoplastic material Sole material rubber of increased wear resistance PANAMA, (Italy) Available size range 40-46 Shoe color black Lacing type speed lacing Valve type deaf valve Soft edging is present

Summer boots with a top made of high-strength nylon fabric with a density of 1000 D (boots 23 cm) and natural chrome leather (toe) 1.6 mm thick will take their rightful place in the wardrobe of law enforcement and security forces, tourists and all people leading an active lifestyle life. Moisture-wicking Cambrel fabric was chosen as the lining, which is not subject to abrasion and decay. The outsole in these boots is equipped with a relief tread, has a stitching around the perimeter and is made of durable thermoplastic material. For greater comfort in this model, the toe and heel of the sole are raised, which creates additional comfort when walking. The toe cap and heel counter are reinforced with a special thermoplastic material to keep their shape. Wanting to reduce weight and increase the flexibility of the boot, the manufacturers of the toe and heel in this model were cut off, and for greater reliability they used rivets to fasten the berets to the vamp. The deaf valve protects a foot from hit in a boot of dust, sand, dirt and other foreign objects. LIGHTWEIGHT BOOTS WITH HIGH TIRES Top combined: genuine chrome leather (1.4-1.6 mm) + high-strength fabric made of textured 1000D nylon thread. Lining: non-woven, abrasion-resistant and quick-drying high density (150g/sq.m.) Sole: TPE (±40°C). Sole fastening method: gluing. Supinator: metal. Toe cap and heel counter: Reinforced thermoplastic material. Sizes: 40-46. The deaf valve protects a foot from influence of environment (dust, dirt). Black color. Weight: 630 gr. Specifications Lightweight ankle boots. Model Tropic 35 Producer BUTEX Country Belarus Top material genuine chrome leather (1.4-1.6 mm) + high-strength 1000D nylon fabric Lining material hygroscopic and wear-resistant fabric (150 g/m2) Sole fastening glue-and-piercing Metal arch support Toe and back reinforced from thermoplastic material Sole material TEP (±40°С), 2050 Available size range 40-46 Shoe color black Valve type blind valve

PILOT winter boots with low (18 cm) berets, the upper part of which is made of genuine chrome leather 1.6 mm thick, with a flexible sole made of special rubber and insulation made of high-quality natural sheepskin - these are shoes for real professionals. The sole in this model has an anti-slip system ALPIROTOR (Italy) in the form of brackets made of durable frost-resistant plastic with hardened steel spikes that are removed into special grooves. For greater comfort in this model, the toe and heel of the sole are raised, which creates a comfortable walking experience. The toe and heel of the boot are reinforced with thermoplastic material to keep their shape. The semi-deaf valve, which is available in PILOT boots with low (18 cm) berets, prevents dirt, snow, sand and other foreign objects from getting inside the boot. This model is a godsend for people with a high instep. This model of winter boots is great for everyday use, many people use these boots during outdoor activities. HIGH BOOTS Upper: natural chrome leather (1.4-1.6 mm) Lining: natural sheepskin. Sole: rubber of increased wear resistance with anti-slip system ALPIROTOR (Italy) Sole fastening method: gluing. Arch support: metal Toe cap and heel counter: reinforced thermoplastic material. Sizes: 40-47. Semi-deaf valve. Soft edge. Color: black Weight: 790 gr. Modifications: Models 180 and 181. Specifications Boots. Model Pilot 131 Producer BUTEKS Country Belarus Top material genuine chrome leather (1.4-1.6 mm) Lining material natural sheepskin Sole fastening glue-and-stitching Metal arch support Toe and heel reinforced from thermoplastic material Rubber outsole material of increased wear resistance with anti-skid system ALPI ROTOR (Italy) Available size range 40-47 Shoe color black Valve type semi-deaf valve Soft piping present Hooks present

Specifications Shoes. Model Officer 7021 Producer BUTEKS Country Belarus Top material genuine chrome leather (1.2-1.4 mm) Lining material hygroscopic and wear-resistant fabric (150 g/m2) Sole fastening adhesive Metal arch support Toe and back reinforced from thermoplastic material Sole material TEP (±40°С) ) 3556 Available size range 40-46 Shoe color black

Top material - Thickened natural yuft cattle leather Lining - unlined Sole - Molded from spec. rubber, heat-resistant, petrol- and oil-protective Method of fastening the sole - doppelno-adhesive (similar to welt-stitched with reinforced fastening of the heel with brass nails) and hooks Toe cap - Reinforced from thermoplastic material (TM) Heel counter - Rigid, molded Instep support - Metal Sizes -39-47 * The manufacturer reserves the right to make changes in the design, materials and equipment without prior notice

Top combined: hydrophobic leather (1.2-1.4 mm), "DRYWALKSYSTEM"® (CJSC "RUSSIAN KOZHA") + elastic genuine leather on the shaft. Lining: merino wool Sole: rubber of increased wear resistance (Italy), Sole fastening method: adhesive. Toe cap and heel counter: Reinforced thermoplastic material. Deaf valve ("tongue") protects the leg from environmental influences inside birch fastener “Lightning”. High-speed lacing.

Gender: unisex Season: summer Top part material: vamp / back / berets - genuine leather Lining part material: breathable membrane material Bottom part material: two-layer foam-based insole, moisture wicking Sole attachment method: molded Normative technical documentation: TR CU 019/2011 "On the safety of personal protective equipment" Protective properties: without a protective toe-cap Type of footwear: boots Series: STIX Sole: PU

The design of the top of the semi-boots with a side fastener of the Velcro type makes it possible to adjust the volume and width of the shaft. The waterproof, lightweight upper and the flexibility of the outsole provide additional wearing comfort and increase the time of uninterrupted use of the shoe. Gender: male Season: winter Main color: black Upper material: water-repellent fabric (Oxford) Lining material: faux fur Bottom material: PVC sole, vamp and heel - artificial leather Sole attachment method: molded Normative technical documentation: GOST 26167- 2005 Type of shoes: shoe covers, half boots, husky Size chart cm 22.5 23 23.5 24.5 25 25.5 26.5 27 27.5 28.5 29 29.5 30.5 31 Russian size (RUS) 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 EUR 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 UK 3.5 4 5 6 6.5 7.5 8 9 9.5 10.5 11.5 12 13 13.5 Finding your size Determine your size as follows: Place your foot on a clean sheet of paper. Mark the extreme borders of the foot. Measure the distance between the outermost points of the foot. Find the appropriate size in the table above.

Mankind has been using natural leather since ancient times. Depending on its manufacture, the following types are distinguished:

  • raw;
  • rawhide;
  • tanned.

To date, the most common is tanned leather. There are several tanning methods. It is applied as one separate method, and combined. In addition, in GOST there is a division of genuine leather into hard and soft.

Material characteristics

Yuft is genuine leather made by combined tanning. The raw materials for it are the skins of cows, bulls, horses, pigs. Yuft refers to soft leathers.

The properties of the material depend on the type and quality of the raw material, as well as the way it is processed. If the raw material is the skin of cows and bulls, then the dressed skin is called cowhide. The material is taken from the belly of nulliparous cows and one-year-old bulls.

Yuft made from the skin of pigs is less durable compared to cowhide and horse. Therefore, the standards for pigskin are softer.

Material Features

Yuft was called "Russian leather". In the 19th century, it was valuable abroad because it was the only tanned leather that was treated with a mixture of birch tar and seal oil. As a result, insects could not damage it, it did not mold. For the production of yuft, abundant greasing is used, so that the mass fraction of fat in it reaches 25% of the total mass.

In Russia, there is a state standard that spells out all the characteristics that yuft must comply with.

Of all natural materials, yuft has no equal in thickness. There is an opinion that if clothes from this skin touch a nail, then the nail will fly out sooner than the clothes will tear.

Dressed leather yuft comes in various colors. The most popular is black.

According to their application, the following types of yuft are distinguished:

  • shoe;
  • sandal.

shoe type

Shoe type is most often used to create the upper part of shoes, boots, boots. Natural material has a very dense structure, so shoes from it are incredibly resistant to wear. But it is quite elastic due to the large amount of fat. All these characteristics make it possible to use this type to create shoes for all military and security structures. In the photo you can see soldiers' boots made of yuft - berets.

Also there is leather yuft from a combined material. The material consists of yuft and tarpaulin - an artificial substitute for pigskin. High-quality genuine leather is used to manufacture those elements that are most heavily loaded when walking, and the tops of boots and the top of boots are decorated with tarpaulin. Shoes made of combined material are more affordable.

Shoe look is used not only for army, but also for work shoes. Yuft boots are great for industry with difficult conditions. Their top is impregnated with a special compound that protects against oil, water and gasoline. The feet are equipped with a metal insert, and on the toe of the shoe there is a steel or thermoplastic overlay. In such boots in hot workshops, the feet will not sweat much.

Yuft boots are used by those who work hard in difficult natural conditions: the properties of leather are such that shoes from it do not get wet. This applies to geological exploration, the oil industry, installation, construction and road works.

sandal type

The sandal type is very different from the shoe type. If for shoes they take the highest quality cowhide leather obtained from the skins of cows and bulls, then the sandal type is made mainly from pig and horse skin. This leather is thinner than shoe leather.

The front side is brought to glossiness by grinding, and all places with relief are removed. The sandal type is only suitable for dry conditions, as it repels moisture worse than shoes. This is due to the lower fat content in it (two times lower). But the sandal type is a breathable material, so the feet in such shoes are quite comfortable. The top of sandals is sewn from sandal material, which gave it its name. Clogs and multi-colored models of workers in medicine, light industry, food industry, cleaning companies are often made of sandal-type leather.

Characteristics of the material crust

The word "crust" is translated from in English as "bark" or "crust". Crust is distinguished by amazing strength and elasticity. To obtain similar properties, raw materials are soaked in water and treated with wood smoke. Then it is subjected to a gilding procedure, as a result of which the wool is removed.

Crust is characterized by the use of drum dyeing. The front side of the skin is not processed. The natural pattern is preserved, and the crust acquires water-repellent properties. Therefore, the material is perfect for creating demi-season and winter shoes.

Crust is often called haberdashery leather. It is not only strong and durable, but also malleable. Crust is easily processed, so it has found wide application.

Made from this material:

  • furniture;
  • women's and men's bags;
  • shoes (the uppers of the shoes are mainly made from crust; after the hydrophobic treatment, the shoes become especially strong);
  • stationery and office items (diaries, business card holders, etc.);
  • hunting and combat equipment (holsters, game-bags, etc.);
  • riding equipment (saddles, harnesses, etc.).

Crust leather and yuft are natural raw materials that are particularly durable. They are perfect for the manufacture of safety shoes, army and work models.


There are many types of leather in the world. Most of us in best case knows 1-2 types. This is often used by sellers of both the leather itself and products made from it, giving out one type after another and telling fables about the value of one or another type. We have collected the most common species. Perhaps someone will be interested in how and from what leather things are made. When shopping for a leather jacket, the information below will help you avoid making big mistakes and outright cheating.

Smooth skin

General designation for various kinds leather with a dense and smooth front surface, which is achieved by special processing of the upper layer of the entire skin of the animal. This treatment best preserves the natural surface of the front side of the leather, which is sometimes ennobled by dust-like embossing. For the production of smooth leathers, the best raw materials are used, which are manufactured taking into account the most modern technologies. Most often, smooth skins are made from the skins of very young, dairy calves, half-skins, outgrowths, cowskins, bulls, goats, goats, sheep, and in some cases from pig skins or from foal skins. From these materials in online stores, we can see a variety of products: photos of leather sheepskin coats, down jackets, jackets and raincoats.

patent leather

This is a type of leather with a shiny mirror finish treated with a polyurethane resin lacquer finish. The quality of such leather directly depends on the quality of the used raw materials and the lacquer component. Coated with a primer (usually based on natural cellulose - such a layer protects the skin from loss of softness and flexibility), tanned leather is varnished (usually based on polyurethane resins). Varnishes differ from each other - they can be not only glossy, but also matte, colored or retaining the natural color of the skin. The color range of varnishes is unlimited - from ultra-bright to colorless or natural color options. Flakes of silicon, mica and other materials can be specially added to the varnish to create decorative effects.

Most often, such leather is used in the production of model shoes, both women's and men's. Patent leather is very different in quality. Good Italian-made patent leather will never be scratched by a fingernail, even if the leather itself is soft, it withstands repeated bending, stretches like natural leather, leaving the varnish coating intact, and is not afraid of either frost or heat. Patent leather made in China or South Africa is usually easily scratched with a fingernail, and the lacquer layer bursts with slight stretching and bending. In Russia, it is almost impossible to find Italian-made patent leather, as it is very expensive.

Nappa

Nappa is a semi-aniline tanned leather with high plasticity and even coloring. Soft and thin material with high decorative performance is a wide variety - nappa can be shiny (an aniline coating is applied to the skin) or matte ( matte effect attached with semianiline impregnation), perforated or smooth. The only property remains unchanged: the durability and quality of this material. Nappa leather is produced mainly from the skins of both young and adult animals - the skins are double tanned, which also ensures greater softness of this skin. Most Italian jackets are made from this leather. Women's leather jackets presented in our catalog is no exception.

Suede

This skin is produced from the skins of elk (the highest quality), reindeer, sheepskin, goatskin or calf. Basically, suede is used for the top of model shoes. During tanning, this skin passes through a special - cutting - machine, where with sharp and long knives the layers of skin are divided into mezdrovye and front parts. Thus, the skin is processed on both sides - as a result, suede is obtained. Suede has a thick low pile, it is soft and porous, thin, stretches very well, and is breathable. The cost of products made from natural suede is very high, but this leather is practically not amenable to wear - that's why it is used for the production of elite clothing and footwear.

Stretch leather

Velours

Velor is a chrome-tanned leather for uppers. Such skin is obtained by grinding the front or back surface of various types of leather. As a rule, leathers are used for this, which have raw defects on the front side. Velour-split is obtained from a bahtar split, which does not have a front side at all. The distinctive qualities of velor are a uniform and dense pile, density, softness, malleability and high thermal conductivity. Velor is often confused with suede, but this is a gross mistake - natural suede is very rare. In contrast to it, the strength of velor is low - shoes made of velor get wet during wear, get dirty and quickly lose their shape.

Nubuck


Nubuck is a chrome-tanned leather that is obtained by sanding the front side of the leather with fine abrasive materials to give it a sophisticated look. The process of this treatment turns the smooth surface of the skin into soft and velvety. Nubuck has a soft, almost imperceptible pile, it is very wear-resistant, has excellent breathability - in shoes and clothes made of nubuck, the skin “breathes”. One of the subspecies of nubuck is oiled nubuck. This is leather, which, after grinding, is impregnated with a special oil-based substance. Oiled nubuck has a slightly greasy surface, an “old” look, and is not afraid of water.

opoek


A common material for light clothing and footwear. The material for the calf are the skins of young calves up to 1 year old, who ate exclusively milk. The skin of such animals is very delicate, elastic and soft, but at the same time strong. The opokok is well stretched, it has a pronounced measure, it is resistant to deformation, and therefore it is excellent for making shoes. When finishing the flasks, the acquisition is very beautiful appearance. Also, such leather can serve as a material for the manufacture of other types, such as velor or nappa.

Kid


One of the most expensive chrome-tanned leathers. It is produced from goat skins of a small area (kids up to 6 months old). This skin has a beautiful grain with a pronounced grain. Chevro compares favorably with sheep skins in density, elasticity and water resistance. At the edges, such skin has a beautiful waviness. The mechanical properties of chevro are low, but due to their lightness and beautiful appearance, as well as good vapor permeability parameters, such leather is a valuable material for the production of shoes. By the way, raw materials from India are often used in the production of chevro leather.

chevret


Chrome-tanned leather from young sheepskin obtained from semi-fine and fine-wool sheep breeds. It is similar to a chevro, but more viscous and soft. A considerable number of women's shoes are made from this leather. The structure of the chevret is loose, so the mechanical strength has to be increased by processing with polymers and other chemicals. substances. Often, the chevret is also used for the manufacture of haberdashery, and is also popular in the outerwear industry. This leather is soft and stretches easily. More suitable for the shoe industry, durable and non-viscous chevret is made from the skins of coarse-wooled sheep of the steppe and Russian breeds.

Calfskin


The smoothness of calfskin is due to its structure - this skin consists of fine fibers. Mostly calfskin is used precisely when it is necessary to achieve the classic texture of smooth leather. In the process of processing, this leather is only slightly polished - a more serious mechanical impact can ruin it. natural beauty. Such leather does not form cracks, does not break, is very soft, durable and has a natural texture. Shoes and clothes and such leather perfectly fit the contours of the body, perfectly breathable and providing a pleasant coolness.

Faux leather


Imitation of genuine leather, used in all areas - from shoes and haberdashery to clothing. Almost all types of artificial leather have a multilayer structure, consisting of a fibrous base - knitwear, non-woven material, an impregnating composition and finishing coatings, as a rule, polymeric and not possessing through porosity characteristic of natural leather. The resistance to repeated bending of such leathers is average, frost resistance is high - up to -25 degrees, moisture resistance is also high. Appearance can vary greatly - in fact, artificial materials copy any of the above types of leather.

stable climate and optimal conditions keeping livestock in Europe is a good argument for "Rostok" to buy upper leather primarily here. Each purchased skin is tanned by experienced experienced specialists and controlled by Rostok for the quality of processing and the flawlessness of the front layer of the skin.

What kind of skin makes a career with Rostock?
Sheep nappa. Sheep skin is particularly supple and soft. Optimal for soft women's and men's moccasins. Appearance: smooth surface and delicate measure. opoek. Leather from the skins of young calves. With a delicate measure, well formed, with a silky sheen. Ideal for elegant urban models. cowhide leather. Soft felted very flexible and wear resistant. Especially suitable for unlined moccasins. Natural optics of the measure.

Deer skin (suede). A peculiar structure of fibers, unusually soft leather for super-comfortable moccasins in noble optics.

 Buff. Wear-resistant and dense fibrous structure. Preferred for free time shoes and sandals. Shine effect. Goat skin leather (chevro). a kind of measure, wear-resistant and yet very soft. Good for dyeing.

Nubuck. (Skin without facial layer). Cowhide leather or flask sanded on the front side, soft to the touch. Particularly well dyed. Velours. (Skin without top layer). Cowhide leather or flasks sanded from the bakhmarta side. If you run your hand over the pile, a gentle color change occurs. hunting calf. (Skin without facial layer and cattle skins). The polished bakhtarma is worn outside, softly measured inside. Can be done without lining.

patent leather. At Rostock - only from the most gently calciner and therefore especially soft, flexible and pliable. fantasy skin. Natural, gentle padding. A fashionable appearance is achieved by printing or embossing. reptile embossing. Basis: Natural, gentle flask. Fashionable embossing "under the scales" of reptiles.