How long can breast milk be stored. How to store breast milk at room temperature. How long can be stored? Do you need to warm up? Basic places and principles of storage

If a nursing mother creates a breast milk bank for her own needs, she chooses those containers that are convenient for her. If we are talking about expressing and freezing donor breast milk, then the issue of packaging is a matter of bilateral agreement. Storage containers should be comfortable for the breastfeeding mother and comfortable for the host family at the same time, as they may have their own ideas about this. In most cases, the container is provided by the host family, so it makes sense to discuss this issue before starting cooperation on the exchange of donor breast milk.

Where can expressed breast milk be stored?

- In freezer bags for fruits and vegetables

These packages are sold in super- and hypermarkets. They are specially designed for freezing. food products, are properly certified so they do not release any substances into the products, strong enough and with a secure latch so as not to tear or open during storage (of course, if these are high-quality freezer bags). Since the daily dose donor milk rarely exceeds the volume of 200 ml, so that it is not "lost" in the package, it is better to use packages of the minimum volume, from those that are on sale.

- In clean baby food jars

If a mother buys industrial baby food for a child, then sometimes a fairly large supply of these jars accumulates in the house. They are provided with a well-closing lid, and the glass itself is inert and excellent for long-term storage. Jars must be thoroughly washed before use. Also, do not forget the old trick with a bursting frozen full jar, so you need to freeze the jars not completely filled so that milk, like any liquid, has a place to expand. Glass jars are also convenient because they are reusable. When the milk from the jar is eaten, it can be washed and reused to store the next portion. The disadvantage of jars - they take up a lot of space in the freezer.

- In sterile jars for analysis

In pharmacies, sterile jars for analysis are on sale. They are small, they have a measuring scale in milliliters, which is convenient for determining the amount of milk in a jar. According to the terms of their intended use, it is assumed that such jars can be cooled and frozen, therefore they are made of inert plastic, which does not release anything when cooled and frozen. Such jars take up less space in the freezer than the previous ones, but still more than soft plastic bags.

- In ice packs

Although such packages are not convenient for everyone, some mothers adapt not to defrost the entire package at once, but to carefully cut off a few cubes from it and defrost exactly the small portion that is needed for feeding. When using such packages, you need to pay attention Special attention on their strength, since they are often made of very thin plastic, and they tear easily.

- In any strong bags or containers intended for food storage

Basically, breast milk- this is the same food for the baby, like the rest of our food, so any containers designed for cooling and freezing food are suitable for storing it. You just need to remember about general rules hygiene.

- In sterile bags used by the food and biological industries to store samples

If parents have the opportunity to purchase such packages in bulk, then they may also be suitable for storing breast milk, as they are designed for cooling and freezing, and are made of durable and inert plastic.

- In special bags for breast milk

This option is offered to us by manufacturers of goods for children. They are small, usually marked with a scale that allows you to determine the amount of milk in the bag. But these packages are of different quality even from the same manufacturer, and, despite their high cost, according to mothers, it happens that they are torn and opened during storage.

- In special containers for breast milk

This is the most expensive option for storage containers, and such containers are significantly more expensive than even special packages. These containers are strong enough that they do not crack, but they can leak if the lid is screwed loose or askew, which is easy to do in a hurry. And they take up more space in the freezer than all the previous options. The advantage of this option is that the containers are reusable, they, like jars from baby food, can be washed and used again.

No container for breast milk increases or reduces its shelf life. When choosing any container option, it is necessary to follow the rules of hygiene and carefully monitor the safety of the container during storage and defrosting, since losing even 100 ml due to the fact that the bag burst is very disappointing.

If you choose any hard plastic containers, then you need to make sure that they do not contain bisphenol A.

Interesting influence information various types containers for the content of nutrients in breast milk is

It happens that for one reason or another, a mother needs to temporarily stop feeding, but she does not want to completely wean the baby from the breast. Then she should learn how to freeze breast milk so that it does not lose its useful properties and did not deteriorate during storage.

Freezing breast milk is only necessary if it is stored for a long time. If the stocks will be used within the next few days, it is best to store them refrigerated in the refrigerator, without resorting to freezing. This will save more nutrients.

Preparing for pumping

To begin with, milk must be collected correctly. Be sure to wash your hands with soap before pumping. You can express manually or with a breast pump. If a breast pump is used, all of its parts must be washed in advance in a way that is safe for the baby. detergent and dried. It is not necessary to wash the breast before pumping, since there are glands on the areolas that produce a secret that has bactericidal properties. A daily hygienic shower is enough.

Which storage container to choose

It is important not only to follow all hygiene requirements but also to choose the right container for storage.

It is convenient to store in glass bottles, but not to freeze breast milk, because the glass can crack from temperature changes. Glass containers are also bad because valuable fat fractions stick to it during the freezing process, which the baby then does not get.

It is not recommended to use transparent plastic containers made of polycarbonate. This type of material contains the hazardous substance Bisphenol A, which is released during heating and enters the product. If such a container is used for freezing, then it will not be possible to heat the product in it. To reheat, thawed milk must be poured into another container. BPA-free cookware is labeled BPA free.

For storage, you can choose opaque polypropylene containers that are considered safe.

Frozen breast milk is conveniently stored in special plastic bags. These bags are easy to store in the freezer. In addition, they are sold already sterilized, which simplifies their use. The bags can be connected to the breast pump, which reduces the chance of milk contamination when pumping.

Any utensils, with the exception of sterilized bags, must be washed and dried in advance.

Freezing expressed milk

In order for milk to be stored for a long time, it is necessary to protect it from excessive contact with air. Immediately after pumping, the container must be closed. Excess air is removed from plastic bags.

Containers or bags in which it is supposed to freeze breast milk should be filled no more than 3/4, as the liquid expands when frozen, and the container filled to the brim may burst.

It is better to freeze stocks in small portions up to 120 ml so that the entire amount of defrosted milk can be used at a time.

If there is not enough milk to freeze, you can fill the container during the day and then freeze. Fresh milk can be added to the chilled portion, if its amount is much smaller and does not heat the already cooled one. Otherwise, it is better to first cool fresh in a separate container and then mix with already chilled. You can add a little chilled to the frozen one, avoiding thawing the stored portion.

The breast pump and container must be pre-treated. Expressed milk does not require any processing before freezing.

Stocks should be stored, not exceeding the following periods:

in the common compartment of the refrigerator on the freezer shelf - up to 14 days;
in a freezer with a separate door - up to 4 months;
in a separate freezer with a constant temperature not exceeding 20 0 C - up to a year.

How long will milk actually last? It depends on how hygienically it was collected.

During freezing, expressed milk sometimes changes color. This does not affect the quality of the product in any way. If the milk does not emit a sour smell, then it has not gone bad.

Cons of freezing

Freezing is not the best The best way storage. Chilled milk, subject to all cleanliness conditions, is stored in the refrigerator for up to 8 days. Moreover, the number of harmful microorganisms in it decreases over time, since the enzymatic system of milk is included in the work.

If the product is frozen, then during thawing it will lose about half of its valuable substances. But their content will be five times more than in substitutes. However, if expressed milk is used several days in advance, it is best to keep it refrigerated.

After thawing, a specific soapy smell sometimes appears. Some children refuse to drink such milk. The smell is caused by the enzyme lipase, which is inactivated high temperature. If the expressed milk is brought to the pasteurization temperature (60 0 C) without allowing it to boil, the lipase will be destroyed, but some useful material For example, vitamin C.

When storing frozen milk in refrigerators that do not need to be defrosted, the fat composition of the product changes due to regular thawing and freezing.

Because of all these disadvantages, you need to think about how much pumped milk will actually have to be stored and whether it should be frozen.

If you do not know how long it will be before the expressed milk is consumed, it is best to store it frozen.

It is important not only to freeze the product correctly, but also to defrost it with the least loss for a quality composition.

No matter how long it takes, milk should be thawed gradually. To defrost, it must be rearranged from the freezer to the refrigerator. Then you need to heat the thawed milk by placing the vessel in warm, but not hot water. Such gentle thawing will allow you to preserve the beneficial substances to a greater extent.

For heating, you should not use a microwave, as uneven heating provokes the destruction of nutrients.

If the entire defrosted portion is not used immediately, the leftovers are stored in the refrigerator for no more than 24 hours.

Of course, in the first six months of life, breast milk remains the most valuable nutrition for the baby. But life circumstances sometimes make their own adjustments, and if the mother does not seek to transfer the baby to the mixture, then she has the opportunity to make supplies of expressed milk.

Even pre-frozen breast milk will be much healthier for the baby than the highest quality substitute.

When a baby is just born, he constantly needs his mother's presence. And it's not just about organization. breastfeeding but also in physical contact. After a long nine months in her mother's tummy, the baby needs to feel her mother's warmth and heartbeat. But the baby is growing every day, and sometimes mom has to leave him with family and friends to do some of their own business. But what if the baby is fed on demand? Let's clarify how to store breast milk in the refrigerator and can it be stored there, how and how long is it stored?

In fact, breast milk can be stored in the refrigerator. This opportunity greatly facilitates the life of a newly-made mother, helping to provide for the baby. healthy nutrition even in his absence. But in order for milk to retain all its useful qualities, you need to store it correctly.

How long to keep mom's milk in the fridge?

The most useful food for the baby can be stored both directly in the refrigerator - on a regular shelf, and in the freezer. The shelf life of the product is different.
So, when stored on an ordinary refrigerator shelf at temperature indicators from zero to plus five degrees, mother's milk retains its qualities for about a week. However, it is advisable to place it in the coolest places in your refrigerator. In order to prevent the product from spoiling, it is important to cool it after decanting, and only then put it in the refrigerator.

Milk can be stored much longer inside the freezer. If it keeps the temperature from minus thirteen to minus eighteen degrees, then the shelf life reaches six months. And at temperatures around minus eighteen - minus twenty degrees, it is extended to a year. Before freezing breast milk, you should first cool it in the refrigerator at a temperature of from zero to plus five degrees.

How can breast milk be stored?

If you need to store such a nutritious product for a long time, of course, it is best to freeze it. Only freshly expressed milk is suitable for freezing. After decanting, it must first be cooled to room temperature, then placed in the refrigerator for an hour and a half, and only then put in the freezer. It is extremely important to write the time and date of harvesting on the container. Readers of "Popular about Health" should take into account that when frozen, breast milk loses some of its usefulness, which is completely natural. However, such food will be better for the baby than all kinds of artificial mixtures.

If you plan to use the expressed milk for several days, it is not necessary to freeze it. You can store this product on a shelf in the refrigerator. But it is better not to put it on the door. It is believed that milk preserved in this way is able to preserve all its useful qualities.

In the event that the baby drinks the expressed milk on the same day, and the house is not very hot, there is no need to send the product to the refrigerator. It may well be stored tightly closed and in a sterile container, even at room temperature.

How to properly use milk from the refrigerator or freezer?

In order for the stored product to retain all its qualities, it is necessary to heat it correctly. So, in no case should breast milk be heated in a microwave oven or in a saucepan by boiling or conventional heating. Such methods will lead to the fact that food for the baby will not be very useful, if not completely useless.

If you have taken your breast milk out of the freezer, put it on the refrigerator shelf first. So it can thaw. After pour it into the bottle from which you plan to feed the baby, and warm it up to desired temperature using the water bath method. Also a good option would be to use a special bottle warmer.

Already thawed or simply warmed milk should not be tried to save again. In this case, the product will no longer be very useful.

Where to store breast milk?

In fact, there are several options for containers for expressed breast milk on the market. They can be glass and plastic, have the form of bags, cups and bottles. When choosing the option you need, keep in mind that milk containers must be sterile, they must be tightly closed. They should be easy to use, and it's a good idea to have a measuring scale on the container.

In the event that you plan to freeze milk, give preference to special disposable plastic bags. Such containers can be easily and hermetically sealed, in addition, they are sterile, made of durable materials and can be used immediately after unpacking. In addition, the packages have a measuring scale, and you can easily write the date and time on them. You can buy them in an ordinary pharmacy.

For storage on the shelf of the refrigerator, it is quite possible to use glass or plastic containers. It is scientifically confirmed that both packaging options allow you to store breast milk without any loss of quality.

In order for the storage and use of the product to be convenient, it is worth giving preference to containers with a volume for a dose sufficient for one feeding. In no case should you forget to write down the date and time of pumping on the container.

Even at the beginning of the last century, peasant women went to plowing with a baby in a garter to feed him on the job, while more enterprising city women took advantage of the achievements of the industry (the first patented bottle dates back to 1880) and first learned how to pump, and then how store breast milk after pumping. So that the nannies, in whose arms the child remained, could feed him from the bottle.

And now mommies use different ways storing expressed milk so that you can be separated from your baby. Many mothers do not know how to properly organize the system of feeding with expressed milk. And the main questions that interest them are: how long breast milk is stored after pumping and how to properly store expressed breast milk, how much breast milk can be stored in the refrigerator.

About retention rules

How to store breast milk after pumping so that it stays fresh and retains its nutritional and healing properties for a baby?

Storage conditions and terms are crucial for breast milk. There are principles for maintaining its optimal properties. Gross violation of these principles leads to spoilage of the product long before the expiration date. That's why caring mommy must literally churn the following items, so that the storage of expressed milk does not adversely affect its quality:

Sterilize, dry and then keep containers for storing expressed breast milk tightly closed.

Bacteria contribute to the coagulation of milk, and they can only be eliminated by sterilization by boiling. You can also keep the vessel over the steam for at least 5 minutes. In addition, the container must be dried (upside down over a clean cotton ironed towel) to drain any remaining water. And then close tightly. The world of bacteria is rich, but they do not multiply on a dry and clean surface.

Use a "permanent" marker to sign the container in which you can store your expressed milk.

Must be specified exact date and time (in hours and minutes) of pumping. Such measures will prevent possible confusion with determining the storage time in the future if you are absent not only for a few hours, but for several days (for example, a child with a grandmother in the country, and you work in the city)

Follow the golden rule: one pump, one container.

Never mix milk of different expression times. main reason- all in the same bacteria. The older one pumped portion is than the other, the more bacteria it will contain. When mixed, they will get into fresh milk and lead to clotting. In addition, possible mismatch in temperature, high acidity or alkalinity of milk from different expressions when mixing can also cause product oxidation and quick spoilage. After all chemical composition milk directly depends on the mother's diet, and even on her emotional state at the time of contraction.

The principle of gradualness must be observed in all thermal procedures.

So, if freezing is necessary, milk is not put in the freezer immediately after pumping. First, breast milk is hermetically sealed, and so it is stored to reach room temperature. Then for several hours they put it first on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator. Gradually, the container is moved closer to the freezer, while reducing the temperature using the regulator to a minimum. After that, you can put it in the freezer compartment, where the milk will be stored until the time of use.

Never re-freeze!

In this regard, and also taking into account how long it is allowed to store milk after defrosting, its entire amount must be divided into portions necessary for a single feeding of the baby (about 150 ml), as well as for "snacks".

Defrost valuable liquid in the opposite way: for 5 hours in the refrigerator, then keep the milk at room temperature at least half an hour before warming up for the next feeding.
To warm up, you can not use either a stove or a microwave, put milk in a bottle in water at 36-37 ° C, but do not forget about heat transfer, especially if the room is cold.

You may need to change the water two or three times. If you're in the city where goes hot water from the tap, you can just put the bottle in a cup under the stream of water, but watch the temperature of the jet. Start at room temperature, then gradually bring it up to body temperature, but never hot! Keep stirring the liquid. As soon as it feels like the temperature of the milk is equal to the temperature of the jet (that is, 36 ° C), make sure of this by dropping on reverse side wrists: you should not feel either "warmth" or "cold" - immediately start a feeding session.

If you are not a nanny, but a "nanny", then you should not trust your wrists, as well as temperature sensations in general.

In addition, too much fuss is not good for men. So just defrost the milk in warm water, and then entrust its warming to a special electric heater.

Always check the product for freshness, no matter how long the breast milk has been stored in the refrigerator.

Just sniff, or drip on your tongue - the acid should not appear. At the slightest doubt - do not take risks, but make the usual mixture, which should always be ready.

Shake the bottle several times before feeding.

Subject to these simple rules a young mother will not have a question about how to store expressed breast milk.

Capacity selection

IN this issue can be guided by industry practice, as well as, for example, medical institutions. Previously, all dairy products were bottled in glass bottles sealed with stainless steel lid. In this case, the milk could be sterilized or pasteurized. And in each case appointed certain period storage.

When we talk about storing expressed milk, glass bottles or jars with airtight stainless lids will do just fine.

Glass is also good because it can be sterilized and used an unlimited number of times. It will be most convenient to purchase jars of baby food. Mom can eat mashed potatoes and juices from them - this will benefit her baby, and the jars should then be boiled, dried and tightly closed until used. Keep empty jars (no more than ten in total, which is convenient!) Should be kept in a clean and dry kitchen cabinet. It is advisable to cover them with a paper or cotton towel from excess dust.

A simplified option are plastic containers that make it easier to store breast milk in the refrigerator. They are included in the pumping kits. But think for yourself - can you trust plastic to store your newborn's nutrition? What is the percentage chance that harmful toxic ions will not penetrate the liquid? In addition, the container for baby food is so unpretentious! It is enough to boil once a week required amount jars and put them in the cupboard.

But you can’t put glass in the freezer! It is for such cases that it is better to use special bags from pumping kits. In this case, you must strictly follow the attached instructions.

Shelf life of breast milk

How long can breast milk be stored in the refrigerator and at room temperature? Should you boil your expressed milk? For inexperienced moms or nannies: mother's milk is not boiled, as it will lose its healing properties for the baby. Fortunately, the chemical composition of mother's milk has anti-inflammatory properties. It is sometimes said that it is a natural "vaccination" against all diseases.

Milk can remain fresh without any treatment even at room temperature. However, no more than a day.

The refrigerator significantly prolongs the "life" of mother's milk, even without boiling. In the case of a longer absence of the mother, you can resort to freezing. Remember that freezing and thawing will deprive expressed breast milk of most of its benefits. But even this option remains better than a mixture.

So, how long does expressed milk last? Below are the traditional guidelines - the rules for storing breast milk.

At a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C - maximum allowable time storage - 6 hours
At a temperature not higher than 15 ° C - up to 24 hours
In the refrigerator with a temperature regime of 4 ° C - up to 8 days
Milk in a freezer that is opened frequently will keep for a maximum of 2 weeks.
Shallow freezing (not lower than -5 ° C), with rare opening - up to six months
Milk can be stored for a year only when deep frozen at - 20 ° C

The issue of long-term storage

If speak about small terms storage of breast milk (up to 2 weeks), then the described rules can be very useful. They also give an answer to the question of how to keep breastfeeding a busy mother. After all, even if she does not leave for for a long time, but simply cannot devote herself to each feeding, it is easier for her to express the required amount and ask family members to feed the baby.

In addition, this is an easy way out with frequent daily absences of the mother, if there is no certainty that the baby will sleep soundly until she returns. Milk that has been expressed about 2 weeks ago is about the same composition as a baby's age, so your baby will get all the nutrients it needs.

It is no secret that milk "grows" with the baby, which is its uniqueness. Monthly peanut gets with a light mother's milk all the substances necessary exclusively for his age. Over time, milk becomes fatter and more nutritious, meeting the needs of a growing body. That is why, if you freeze expressed milk, then through long time cannot be limited to them. Your baby may either receive solid food, or remain exclusively breastfed - then episodic cases of complementary feeding with thawed breast milk will not harm him.

The still unstrengthened body of a baby needs competent care. It is commendable for a mother to want to continue breastfeeding for as long as the baby needs. And simple rules for storing expressed milk will help her do this without the need to be inseparable from the child.

“Hello, Lyudmila!

Thanks for your feeding tips. The baby is already 3 months old and everything is fine with us. But soon I will need to leave the house for 4-5 hours for a couple of days and the child will have to leave the expressed milk. Tell me how to store expressed breast milk, and how long for it to be useful to the baby. I'm very worried.

Tatiana"

Thanks for the interesting question.

No matter how much we want to always be with the baby, sometimes situations arise when the child has to be given supplementary food, with pre-prepared breast milk.

Most often these are the following situations:

The need to urgently leave the baby for a sufficiently long time. This situation may arise due to an urgent exit to work, long trip, business trips.
Due to breast problems. Painful cracks may appear on the mammary glands, the child may bite through the chest. With such troubles, breastfeeding becomes problematic. Possible reason- Incorrect attachment of the baby to the breast.
For the health of the child. premature baby, or baby, in effect physiological reasons unable to breastfeed. Feeding such a baby with expressed milk may be a temporary measure.

What to do in the situation?

If for any reason you need to leave your baby for a long time, then you are doing the right thing by asking in advance how to store breast milk after pumping. Correct Mode nutrition is very important for the baby, and more important than ever when feeding a newborn baby.

This is where the question arises: how long can breast milk be stored after pumping?

There are a number of conditions under which milk is stored for different amounts of time. This is the storage of expressed milk indoors, in the refrigerator or frozen.

How long can you store expressed milk?

There are tons of studies on how long breast milk can be stored at room temperature or deep-frozen without losing its beneficial properties.

In general, the situation looks like this:

The storage of breast milk indoors depends on the air temperature. At a room temperature of 23-25 degrees Celsius, milk can be stored for 4 hours. At a lower air temperature, within 19-22 degrees, breast milk can be stored for 8 hours.
How long does breast milk keep in the refrigerator? at a temperature of 2-4 degrees, breast milk can be stored for 7 days.
Well, freezing. Studies on the topic "is it possible to freeze breast milk", while preserving its properties, gave positive result. Proper storage implies a shelf life of approximately 6 months. Frozen milk is a real salvation for a nursing mother if illness or other circumstances have led to the fact that you can not breastfeed your baby for some time. If there is not enough milk produced, then this is not a reason to transfer it to the mixture. Watch the Breastfeeding Secrets course to increase your milk supply and switch to full breastfeeding >>>

Important: Expressed breast milk can be stored indoors, in a refrigerator or in a deep freeze, without losing the benefit for the baby, only if all storage rules are observed.

What else do you need to know about leaving milk at room temperature?

How much breast milk can be stored without a refrigerator was mentioned above, now it’s worth talking about containers for its safety.

Nowadays, the modern baby industry offers a huge range of breast milk storage containers made of plastic or glass. It does not matter what the dishes are made of, the main thing is that the container can be cooled and heated, without compromising the composition of the product. The main requirements that storage tanks must meet are:

container sterility;
tight-fitting lid;
the presence of a measuring scale on the container.

In this package, expressed milk will not be exposed to harmful bacteria and will be suitable for feeding for a long time. For convenience, it is recommended to sign the time when milk was placed in it, so it will be easier to follow its suitability, given the temperature in the room.

Rules for storage in the refrigerator

There are several basic principles on how to store breast milk in the refrigerator, following them you can be calm for the baby's well-being.

The container for milk must be sterile, suitable for cooling, it is necessary to indicate the time of pumping on it. So, the shelf life of the product will be maximum.
Containers should not be placed in the refrigerator doors, it is better to remove them as far as possible deep into the unit, where fluctuations temperature regime less noticeable.
Having taken out the milk for feeding, it is worth shaking the container properly so that the stratified product mixes again.

It is also worth knowing about how to heat breast milk from the refrigerator. There are several ways to do this:

water bath: place the extracted milk in a saucepan with cool water, put on fire and heat for a while, shaking the container until the contents reach the desired temperature;
warming up with hot water: keep the container under running water and, shaking, warm it up to body temperature, you can check this by dripping milk on your wrist;
special heating device.

Important: breast milk should not be heated by pouring into a saucepan or in the microwave. Open fire or oven radiation can destroy the beneficial substances in the product and cause it to overheat.

How to freeze expressed milk?

When freezing milk, a number of instructions should also be followed for its best preservation.

The most important thing in this process is the choice of a container for freezing. Container or jar is not the best convenient option, it is much wiser to buy bags for storing breast milk in a pharmacy, such packaging is very convenient to use.

Breast milk freezer bags are sterile, the product placed in them will be safe for the baby after defrosting and do not take up much space in the freezer, which means they can be placed there in large quantities.

Do not forget to sign each package before freezing, indicating the date of collection of milk, for full control over the expiration date. Having decided what to freeze breast milk in, you should also think about how to do it correctly:

Breast milk expressed in a special bag should be cooled before freezing.
Portions in packages should not be large, they should be dosed so that the entire product is consumed at a time after defrosting.
Prepared bags should be stored in a separate section of the freezer, opening it only as needed, so milk can be stored there for about six months. If the packages are kept in a common compartment, the shelf life is drastically reduced, depending on how often the freezer needs to be opened.

Important: never refreeze breast milk! Secondary freezing leads to loss of nutritional and beneficial properties of the product.

Having learned how to freeze breast milk, you should remember how to prepare the product for consumption. You should not immediately warm up the bag taken out of the freezer, you need to gradually defrost it in the refrigerator and only then heat the milk.

If you need to temporarily leave your child or are planning to go to work early, watch the webinar "How to Separate Your Child Properly?" to do everything right and not cause stress to the baby >>>