Proper feeding of a child on artificial feeding. What foods can be given as first complementary foods with artificial feeding

Child nutrition is a very important topic for parents. After all, the formation of his body, the development of the organs and life support systems of the baby, and his immunity depend on what kind of nutrition the baby receives during the first year of his life.

If the baby is on natural breastfeeding, then everything is easier. Complementary foods are introduced after six months. When to start complementary foods artificial feeding?

The timing of the introduction of complementary foods is different for each baby, depending on its development and on the nutrition received.

A few decades ago, when adapted mixtures had not yet been developed or not everyone could buy them, artificial foods began to be introduced almost from the age of one month. The child's intestines were accustomed to adult food, giving literally drop by drop, first fruit juice, and then vegetable broth.

By three months, fruit puree or juice and kefir were present in the baby's diet, and already from four months they began to introduce cereals and so on. In the future, scientific studies have shown that such an early introduction of complementary foods contributes to the development of gastroenterological diseases. Feeding dates have changed.

IN modern conditions variety of adapted mixtures, you can always choose the baby the mixture that will satisfy all his needs in accordance with age and preferences.

The mixtures provide all the necessary substances (fats, proteins, carbohydrates), vitamins and trace elements necessary for the baby at a certain age. Therefore, if the child grows and develops normally, then even with artificial feeding, you should not rush with complementary foods.

According to the recommendations World Organization health (WHO) and the opinion of many doctors, Complementary foods do not need to be introduced up to 6 months for both breastfeeding and formula-feeding. It is recommended to start complementary foods at 4-5 months only if there are indications for this, for example, a formula-fed baby is not gaining weight well.

Principles for the introduction of "artificial" children

Dairy-free cereals or vegetable puree are most often used as the first product introduced into a child's diet. Where is it better to start? You need to proceed from the state specific child.

The decision is made by the parents in consultation with the pediatrician. However, a number of rules have been developed that must be observed when introducing complementary foods:

1. First time New Product given in a minimum amount 5 grams or incomplete teaspoon. If the child tolerated the product normally, then on the third day the dose can be increased.
2. Gradual increase in food intake. That is, add a little bit to the previous dose every day. For example, half a spoon, a spoon, two spoons ... 150 mg.
3. You need to enter the products one by one y. Next product you can start to enter only a few days after the previous one, making sure that the child does not have a negative reaction to it.
4. Give the child an injectable product before feeding breast milk or formula.
5. When introducing a small portion of complementary foods, supplement your baby with formula or milk, gradually replacing one of the feedings with complementary foods completely.
6. Do not start introducing complementary foods if the baby is not feeling well.
7. Food is prepared immediately before feeding. It must be prepared from fresh products in conditions of perfect cleanliness.
8. The product must be ground to a liquid puree-like consistency., because the baby still can not chew.
9. The temperature of the food should correspond to the temperature of the human body, i.e. 36-37 degrees.

Following these principles, the introduction of complementary foods will not cause any special problems.

First Products

There is a scheme for the introduction of complementary foods, developed by specialists. Therefore, you need to start complementary foods with those products that the doctor will advise, and not your mother or grandmother. By modern standards complementary foods are best to start with vegetables, this is reflected in the table. In special cases, complementary foods begin with dairy-free cereals. In accordance with the WHO recommendations, the scheme for the introduction of complementary foods by months looks like this:

Vegetables

Chopped boiled vegetables are well absorbed by the baby's body, help get rid of constipation, establish the correct microflora in the intestines, and contain the necessary nutrients. Therefore, vegetables are usually the first product that a baby tries after milk or formula.

When introducing vegetables to the child's menu, it is better to choose from such vegetables How cauliflower, zucchini or broccoli. Start one thing, gradually expanding the diet. Later, you can introduce carrots and pumpkin. Potato is considered an allergenic vegetable. It is not recommended that it make up more than a third of the vegetables received. Prepare after soaking in water for 4 hours.

You can mix different vegetables only after they have been introduced into the diet in turn.

It is not difficult to prepare vegetable puree at home, but you can buy it in the store. When cooking, it is important not to salt the baby's food. The taste buds of a child are different from adults, and salt is harmful to a small organism. You can enter 1-3 ml in puree vegetable oil.

Kashi

Porridge is used as the first complementary food if the baby's weight gain is insufficient.

Weaning begins from gluten-free cereals (rice, buckwheat, corn). Be sure to use porridge without milk for the first feeding. Do not salt. Later you can add milk porridge.

It is better to buy baby dry porridge in the store. If ordinary cereals are used, then it must be ground in a coffee grinder.

Later, somewhere around 7-8 months, you can add oatmeal and a mixture of cereals - multi-cereal porridge.

From eight months you can add butter 1-5 gr.

Fruits

Introduction to the diet of fruit in the form of puree or juice is recommended from 7 months. Sometimes they enter from six. However, if you introduce fruit puree first, then from vegetable puree the child may refuse.

There are many different purees and juices for sale in stores. baby food on different age. Still better to start with apple. If freshly squeezed juice is being prepared, then it must be half diluted with boiled water. A raw apple can be given from 9 months.

Dairy products

Some doctors recommend kefir and cottage cheese as a first meal. These products can be bought at the children's dairy kitchen. If there is no dairy kitchen nearby, then you can cook it yourself from boiled milk (it is better to take non-fat) and sourdough. Cottage cheese is easy to make from kefir. It is necessary to heat kefir until curdling and strain.

Meat

As a complementary food, first of all, use mashed potatoes. You can buy it at the store or make your own. To do this, boiled meat is carefully chopped with a blender or scrolled twice in a meat grinder with a fine grate. Dilute with decoction, water or milk to the desired consistency. Children from one year old can be given meatballs or steam cutlets.

• • If the baby does not like the proposed product, you do not need to try to feed him by force. You can start with a different product, and later try to return to the first.

• • Before cooking vegetables or fruits, wash them thoroughly with a special brush, and then pour boiling water over them.

• • When boiling meat or fish, put the product in boiling water, so more vitamins and nutrients will be preserved.

• • It is better to cook the baby for a couple or cook.

• • Grind thoroughly finished product using a blender or meat grinder. Some products can be crushed well or rubbed through a sieve. Dilute the puree well with a decoction of vegetables or water (milk) to obtain the desired liquid consistency.

• • Do not introduce complementary foods into hot weather. The baby often has poor appetite during the heat.

• Store cooked food in the refrigerator, tightly closed, for no more than a day.

The opinion of Dr. Komarovsky

The well-known pediatrician, author of many scientific papers on pediatrics, Dr. Komarovsky, believes that if the mother receives a full, varied diet, then the child does not need to introduce complementary foods for up to six months.

If the baby is artificial, then you need to purchase a good adapted mixture and then it will be possible not to feed the baby for up to six months.

Dr. Komarovsky advises to start feeding the child with low-fat kefir, better taken in the children's dairy kitchen. Increase the dose every day and after five days mix kefir with a small amount of cottage cheese. It is necessary to gradually increase the amount of these products in such a way that in a week you can replace one of the feedings per serving - 150 g of kefir and 30 g of cottage cheese. The doctor recommends feeding such food to the child in the morning.

The second product for complementary foods Komarovsky advises introducing milk-cereal cereals. Gradually completely replacing another of the feedings - evening.

Thus, it is clear that the opinions of various specialists about the timing of the introduction of complementary foods and products with which to start are different. Therefore, the decision on complementary foods should be made by parents, based on the recommendations of their pediatrician and on the developmental characteristics of their child.

An additional type of food of animal or vegetable origin. In composition, taste, form of administration, it differs sharply from breast milk, promotes the development of the chewing apparatus, stimulates enzyme systems gastrointestinal tract and prepares the baby for weaning.

Rules for the introduction of complementary foods:

Complementary foods are introduced only to a healthy child

Complementary foods are given before breastfeeding (in contrast to juices that are given after feeding), starting with 5 g and gradually (over 2-4 weeks) bringing the volume of complementary foods to 150 g. In the second half of the child's life, complementary foods should not exceed 180 g.

Complementary foods should be homogeneous in consistency and not cause the child to have difficulty swallowing. With age, you need to move on to thicker, then denser food.

Complementary foods are given in a warm form, with a spoon, in the position of the child sitting. It is not advisable to give 2 dense or 2 liquid complementary foods in one feeding.

Do not give the same type of complementary foods 2 times a day.

The basic rule of complementary foods is the gradual and consistent introduction of new products. A new type of complementary food is introduced after complete adaptation to the previous one.

When introducing complementary foods, watch the baby's stool; if it remains normal, then the next day the amount of complementary foods can be increased.

It is impossible to combine the introduction of complementary foods and new complementary foods with preventive vaccinations.

It is necessary to start the introduction of vegetable puree as a complementary food with one type of vegetable, gradually moving to a mixture of them. Pay attention to the degree of their grinding. As the first vegetable supplement, we can recommend mashed zucchini, potatoes, as the least allergic and do not cause increased gas formation.

When introducing cereals as complementary foods, use gluten-free cereals - rice, buckwheat and corn flour, so as not to induce the development of gluten enteropathy in children in the first months of life (do not start complementary foods with semolina).

Cottage cheese (at a dose of 3-5 g / kg of body weight) and yolk (1/4-1/2 part) should be prescribed no earlier than 6 months of life, since early introduction foreign protein leads to allergization, damage to functionally immature kidneys, metabolic acidosis and dysmetabolic nephropathy.

From 7-8 months, raw ripe fruits and meat in the form of minced meat (from rabbit, turkey, beef, veal, lean pork) are introduced into the child's diet - 3-5 g / kg of body weight. At 9 months, meatballs are given in the same volume, by the year - steam cutlets. It is recommended to use canned meat for baby food of industrial production, produced in glassware. Canned meat can be divided into purely meat and meat-vegetable. Canned meat is produced with different degrees of grinding: homogenized (from 8 months), puree (from 8-9 months) and coarsely ground (from 10-12 months). The last two types differ from homogenized canned food not only in the degree of grinding, but also in the presence of spices in them, as well as the possible replacement of water with meat broth. Most canned food is fortified with iron.

Meat broths are withdrawn from complementary foods, as they contain a lot of purine bases, which leads to damage to functionally immature kidneys.

Puree soups are prepared on vegetable broths. Food should be lightly salted: kidneys baby poorly remove sodium salt from the body. In industrially produced puree, the sodium content should not exceed 150 mg/100 g in vegetables and 200 mg/100 g in mixtures of meat and vegetables.

From 8 months, kefir or another can be prescribed as complementary foods. fermented milk mixture. The unreasonable widespread use of kefir as complementary foods in the first months of life can cause a child to have an acid-base imbalance, acidosis and create an additional burden on the kidneys. It is not recommended to dilute cottage cheese with kefir, as this dramatically increases the amount of protein consumed. Cottage cheese should be used with fruit or vegetable puree.

From 9 months, a child can be given low-fat varieties of fish 1-2 times a week instead of meat: cod, flounder, saury, pike perch. In the intervals between meals, the child can be offered fruit juices that do not contain sugar. Lightly salted cheeses can be given to a child from one year old (they are rich in proteins, calcium, vitamins A and B).

When to start feeding?

By 4-6 months, the child's need for additional energy, vitamins and minerals and breast milk or its artificial substitute do not meet the increased needs of the baby in vitamins, calories and trace elements. In addition, complementary foods accustom the child to the perception of more dense food, develops chewing. at this age, it is necessary to introduce the child extra food. Before 4 months, the child's body is not physiologically prepared for the perception of new dense food. And later than six months it is undesirable to start, as there may be problems with adapting to food of a denser consistency than milk. Therefore, according to most experts in the field of baby nutrition, the first complementary foods should be introduced in the period from 4 to 6 months of life. With artificial feeding, you can start complementary foods from 4.5 months, with breastfeeding - from 5-6 months. Remember that the timing of the introduction of complementary foods is individual.

Insufficient supply of energy and nutrients from breast milk alone can lead to stunted growth and malnutrition;
due to the inability of breast milk to meet the needs of the child, micronutrient deficiencies, especially iron and zinc, may develop;
may not be provided optimal development motor skills such as chewing, and the child's positive perception of new tastes and textures of food.

Therefore, it is necessary to introduce complementary foods at the right time, at the appropriate stages of development.

Much controversy remains over exactly when to start introducing complementary foods. And while everyone agrees that the optimal age is individual for each individual child, the question of whether to recommend the introduction of complementary foods at the age of “4 to 6 months” or “at about 6 months” remains open. It should be clarified that "6 months" is defined as the end of the first six months of a child's life when he is 26 weeks old, and not the beginning of the sixth month, i.e. 21–22 weeks. Similarly, "4 months" refers to the end, not the beginning fourth month life.

There is near universal agreement that complementary foods should not be started before 4 months of age and should not be delayed beyond 6 months of age. Several WHO and UNICEF publications use language recommending complementary foods at "4-6 months" or "at about 6 months". But scientific rationale recommendations for a period of 4-6 months does not have sufficient documentary evidence. In a published WHO/UNICEF report on complementary feeding in developing countries, the authors recommended that full-term infants be exclusively breastfed until about 6 months of age.

When introducing complementary foods before 6 months of age, consideration should be given to factors such as body weight and fetal age at birth, clinical condition and general status. physical development and nutritional status of the child. As a result of a study conducted in Honduras, it was found that feeding children who are on breastfeeding, with a birth weight of 1500 to 2500 g, high-quality complementary foods from 4 months of age did not provide any benefits for physical development. These results support the recommendation to exclusively breastfeed for about 6 months, even for small babies.

What and how to give in the first complementary foods?

The first dishes of complementary foods are vegetable purees or cereals. If the child is underweight or has an unstable stool, it is best to start with cereals. Conversely, when overweight, normal weight or a tendency to constipation, it is recommended to introduce complementary foods with vegetable puree.

If your child is deprived similar troubles and absolutely healthy, then the advice of pediatricians and nutritionists is currently reduced to starting complementary foods with vegetable puree.

Food - vegetables.

Vegetable puree is rich in mineral salts (potassium, iron), organic acids, pectins and plant fibers that normalize stool. It is better to start with foods such as zucchini, all types of cabbage, potatoes, they are the least likely to cause allergies. Later, you can try carrots, beets and tomatoes. The modern children's industry offers a large assortment various kinds puree. According to the degree of grinding, they are divided into homogenized, which are offered to children from 4.5 months, puree for children 6–9 months and coarsely ground (9–12 months).

Canned vegetables for children are prepared with a small amount of salt, and some manufacturers leave the taste of vegetables natural without adding salt at all. No need to additionally salt them and add vegetable oil.

Puree of legumes, tomatoes, with spices should not be given as complementary foods to babies aged 4-6 months, because tomatoes, which are among the vegetables, are especially often causing allergies in children, it can be introduced into the diet no earlier than six months. Tomato paste containing salt is best introduced from 6-7 months. Legumes, which contain a high level of plant fibers and special types of sugars that can cause irritation of the intestinal mucosa and increased gas formation no earlier than 7–8 months. Onion and garlic containing essential oils, irritating the mucous membrane of the stomach, intestines, kidneys - only from 8-9 months, while spices - from 9 months and older, better after a year and a half.

How to feed a child?

You should offer a new dish not once, but at least 10-12 times, and only after the baby stubbornly refuses it, move on to another type of vegetable. After the child has not accepted this or that vegetable, do not immediately switch to cereals, try another, sweeter vegetable.

How to prepare mashed potatoes?

Can cook vegetable food on your own, using both fresh and frozen vegetables. To do this, they must be boiled, then mashed (in a blender or using a regular crush). Add some vegetable or melted butter(in the amount of not more than 3-4 grams).

Butter is another new complementary food that children have been introduced to since the introduction of vegetable puree or porridge. It is a source of nutrients, energy, and fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E). Vegetable oil is allowed to be introduced from 4.5 months, butter - not earlier than 5-6 months.

Complementary foods - porridge

Two weeks after the baby gets used to the vegetable puree, you can begin the introduction of cereal complementary foods. Dry instant cereals are the most convenient. To prepare them, you only need to mix the dry powder with warm boiled water and mix. The advantage of these products (as well as canned baby food) is their guaranteed chemical composition, safety and saturation with essential vitamins, calcium, iron and minerals. You can also use dry milk porridges that require cooking, flour for baby food, as well as ordinary cereals, previously ground in a coffee grinder. It is important to emphasize that gluten-free cereals - rice, also buckwheat and corn flour should be used as the first cereal; other cereals - rye, wheat, barley, oats - contain gluten. This is the main protein of cereals, in babies it can cause such unpleasant phenomena as pain and bloating. The principles of introducing cereals are the same as for other types of complementary foods - start with one type of cereal, gradually, a week after the introduction of the first cereal, try another type, even later - you can switch to cereal from a mixture of cereals.
Do not sweeten commercially produced cereals
It should be borne in mind that the child is only getting used to new tastes, and his future eating habits depend on how well he is taught to eat in the family. As a consequence, the habit of sugary foods can lead to obesity and related diseases.

How to introduce a new complementary food?

You need to start with one type of the least allergenic product. The interval between the introduction of various complementary foods should be at least 5-7 days. While the baby begins to try something new, you should carefully examine the skin daily for the appearance of any rash, and also monitor the stool. If rashes appear or the nature of the stool changes (frequent and liquid), it is necessary to cancel the complementary food dish and consult a doctor.

A new product should not be introduced if the child is unwell or during preventive vaccinations, it is undesirable to start in hot weather.

It is recommended to give "novelty" before breastfeeding- then a hungry child is likely to react positively to food. In addition, it is better to offer a new dish in the morning in order to monitor the baby's condition throughout the day.

Complementary foods are given to the baby only with a spoon, and not through the nipple.

Don't aim for too much variety in your diet. small child, for starters, 2-3 types of vegetables introduced progressively (one per week) are enough. It is necessary to adhere to certain schemes for introducing new foods into the baby's diet.

An example of the introduction of cereals and vegetable purees:

Day 1 - 1 teaspoon (5g)

2nd day - 2 tsp (10g)

3rd day - 3 tsp (15 g)

4th day - 4 tsp (20 g)

5th day - 50 ml (50g)

6th day - 100ml (100g)

7th day - 150 ml (150g).

An example of the introduction of vegetable and melted butter:

if a child eats cereals of industrial production, they already have oil and should not be added additionally.

1st day -1 drop

2nd day - 2 drops

3rd day - 5 drops

4th day - ¼ tsp

5th day - ½ tsp. (3g)

Nutrition for a 6-month-old child (volume of porridge and puree up to 150 ml, feeding frequency 5-6 times a day)

First feeding. Formula or breast milk
160–200 ml

Second feeding. Porridge
150 ml

Third feeding. vegetable puree
150 ml

Fourth feeding. Formula or breast milk
160–200 ml

Fifth feeding. Formula or breast milk
160–200 ml

Sixth feeding. Formula or breast milk
160–200 ml

An approximate scheme for the introduction of complementary foods and dishes for natural feeding of children in the first year of life:

An approximate scheme for the introduction of foods and complementary foods for artificial feeding of children in the first year of life:

Keep in mind that the schemes are approximate and if the child is fully breastfed and develops normally (this should be decided by the pediatrician), all the timing of the introduction of complementary foods can be shifted by 2-3 months. The table indicates that a child of his age can already eat.

Notes on the introduction of complementary foods:

• Whole milk is used to prepare complementary foods (vegetable puree and cereals).
• The amount of yogurt depends on the amount of adapted or "following" mixture received by the child.

Fruit juices are given little by little, first diluted 1: 1 with boiled water. Fruit puree is introduced only 2-3 weeks after the juice. It is better to start with apple juice and puree. Berries are excluded up to 6 months.

Last time at breastfeeding The introduction of complementary foods is recommended with a good weight gain from 6 months of age, so the tables are approximate. Check with your pediatrician before introducing complementary foods.

The tables were developed in accordance with guidelines No. 225 (1999) " Modern principles and methods of feeding children in the first year of life" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and the Research Institute of Nutrition of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences.

The proposed recommendations for feeding children in the first year of life are based on the results of an analysis of modern world scientific literature and our own research. Their legitimacy is also confirmed by the clinical experience of observing children in the first year of life.

Feeding is an important event in the life of every baby, and its introduction always raises a lot of questions among young parents. In this article, we will consider the introduction of complementary foods by months for a special category of children, the so-called "artificial children", who for some reason, for example, due to or forced separation of a child from his mother, do not eat breast milk, but infant formula.

When it is worth introducing the first complementary foods with artificial feeding, where to start and how to give the child specific products for months - we will all pay attention to this in this article.

There is an opinion that the introduction of complementary foods with artificial feeding can be started much earlier than. This is due to the fact that due to the mixture, which has many different impurities, digestive system an artificial child “ripens” much faster for foreign food. To date, there are no unequivocal recommendations as to exactly at what age it is worth starting to feed a child who is on artificial feeding. Optimal age for this, a period of 4-6 months is considered. Complementary feeding before this time is unacceptable, since the baby's digestive system is simply not yet ready to digest anything other than breast milk and a substitute formula, and a later start of feeding, on the contrary, is to some extent fraught with a developmental lag.

In any case, there are several signs by which you can understand whether a baby who is bottle-fed is ready for complementary foods or not:

• he sits more or less confidently, does not lean to one side and does not fall forward;
• is actively interested in the food that mom and dad eat, tries to grab it, pull it into the mouth.

• during the course of the disease and within a few days after complete recovery;
• within a week after any vaccination;
• at the height of the hot summer.

Experts also recommend paying attention to the weight gain of the baby: if the baby is gaining weight well and moderately on artificial feeding, then you can start feeding from 5-6 months, and if the baby is a little behind in weight or, on the contrary, is gaining too actively, then start possible earlier.

Where to begin? Here, as with the start of complementary foods, everything is individual. Often, formula-fed babies are recommended to start complementary foods with vegetable purees, since they usually have no problems with weight gain, and very often there is even a bust. Vegetables are quite easy to digest and have many vitamins and minerals. useful substances, which are so necessary for the baby on artificial feeding. But if, for some reason, the child eats a mixture and still gains weight poorly, then, as with breastfeeding, it is worth starting with cereals.
Returning to the topic of vegetables, we also want to note that if you do not know which vegetable puree to give preference to: industrial or homemade, then it all depends on where you take the vegetables for making homemade puree. If you are confident in the quality of the vegetables from which you are going to puree, then nothing should stop you (read also about). If you are going to buy vegetables of dubious origin in the supermarket, then it is better to immediately purchase an industrial jar of mashed potatoes, since vegetables sold in stores are often treated with various chemicals, and specially grown vegetables of higher quality are used to make industrial mashed potatoes.

Don't start with large portions right away. This or that product at the first injection must be given to the crumbs in a very small amount - 0.5-1 teaspoon, doubling the portion every next day, until it comes to a portion of 100-150 g, which can fully replace one feeding with a mixture. Also, do not rush to salt and sweeten food for the baby, it is generally not recommended to do this before the 1st year. When you reach a full serving of vegetables, you can add 0.5-1 teaspoon of vegetable oil to it (0.5-1 teaspoon of butter to porridge).

Complementary feeding of a child by months with artificial feeding

We invite you to consider in more detail which products to introduce correctly to formula-fed babies for specific months of life.

Vegetables

As already mentioned, vegetables are ideal for the first feeding of a formula-fed baby, and they can be introduced from 4-6 months. The first vegetables of the baby may well be: zucchini, cauliflower, potatoes, broccoli, pumpkin, carrots, beets, etc. It is worth noting that you still need to start with white vegetables, and yellow and orange should be introduced secondarily, in the last thing is to offer the baby red vegetables. The portion of vegetables offered to the baby should begin with 5 g and gradually increase to 100-150 g.

Fruits

Fruits can also be introduced to the baby in the period of 4-6 months, however, it is not recommended to start formula-fed complementary foods with them, since after sweet fruits the baby will negatively perceive less tasty vegetables and porridge. As the first fruits, it is allowed to introduce apple, pear, banana, peach and apricot. Exotic fruits and citrus fruits, such as kiwi, oranges and mangoes, are not recommended for a baby under one year old. It is also necessary to start the introduction with a minimum portion (5 g) and gradually bring it up to a portion of 60-100 g.

Kashi

Porridge can also be chosen as the first complementary food (at 4-6 months), but, as already mentioned, only if the baby has problems with weight gain. In any case, it is necessary to start strictly with gluten-free cereals: buckwheat, rice and corn. Such cereals as pearl barley, oatmeal and semolina can be introduced into the baby's diet no earlier than 1 year. Up to 8 months, porridge must be boiled strictly on water in a ratio of 1: 4. So that the baby can eat porridge and not choke, it is necessary to grind the cereal in a coffee grinder, or already prepared porridge with a blender. Gradually, the porridge can be made thicker. Porridges are introduced in the same way: gradually and alternately. Having reached a portion of 100-200 g, you can add a little butter to the porridge.

Meat

Meat is an essential product that saturates the body of the crumbs with many useful substances and prevents the appearance of anemia. Meat is introduced into the baby's diet after six months (preferably from 7 months). To begin with, it is recommended to give preference to rabbit and turkey meat, and then introduce chicken, beef, veal and lean pork. It is worth giving the child pre-chopped meat, or industrial meat puree. To start, best solution will add chopped meat to vegetable puree or non-dairy porridge, from 8 months you can make meatballs for your baby, and from the 1st year you can give steam cutlets. Meat portions should not be large: starting from 10 g, and ending with 60-70 g.

Yolk

Egg yolk is a healthy and nutritious product, but it is quite difficult to digest and often causes allergies. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce it to the baby gradually and very carefully: from 8 months, give it 1 time in 3 days, starting with 1/8 of the yolk, and each time doubling the portion to 1/2 of the yolk. Protein is allowed to be given to children only upon reaching the 1st year. Chicken eggs you can also completely replace quail.

Cottage cheese

The question remains quite controversial when it is possible to introduce fermented milk products to artificial babies. Some experts assure that not earlier than 8 months, others - starting from six months. Some even advise starting complementary foods with kefir if the baby has digestive problems. In any case, the baby needs cottage cheese, as it is a valuable source of calcium and useful amino acids. Remember that cottage cheese for a baby must be chosen very scrupulously, since bacteria multiply very quickly in this product. It is necessary to give preference to cottage cheese in a special package, or cook it yourself using special starter cultures or kefir. Remember also that the daily portion of cottage cheese up to 1 year old should not exceed 50 g, otherwise the child's liver will be put too much stress.

Fish

Fish must be introduced into the diet after the full introduction of meat, not earlier than 8 months. To begin with, it is worth giving preference to low-fat fish varieties, in which there are few bones: hake, pollock, sea bass, cod, etc. Fish should be introduced in the same way as meat: chop and add to vegetable puree or porridge. It is recommended to give fish to the baby 2 times a week, replacing the "meat" feeding.

In order for the start of complementary feeding to be as painless as possible for you and the crumbs, you need to follow these guidelines:

• you can’t completely refuse infant formula, even if the child eats “adult” food with pleasure, before he turns 1 year old (with complementary foods, the baby may not get all the nutrients and nutrients he needs);
• products must be introduced alternately, one after another (you cannot give 2 new products in 1 day);
• do not force the child to eat;
• new food must be given to the baby in the morning and afternoon in order to fully assess his reaction to the "new";
• complementary foods should be offered to the baby at the beginning of feeding, and then supplemented with a mixture;
• the consistency of food should gradually change (becoming thicker with time), but it is necessary to start giving food from the consistency of sour cream;
• whole cow's milk children under one year old should not be given categorically;
• soups for babies up to a year should be cooked on vegetable, and not on meat broth;
• you can not use sugar, salt and other spices for baby dishes up to a year.

Video about the first feeding with artificial feeding

This video explains quite clearly about correct introduction complementary foods for children who are bottle-fed, by months, is it possible for them to introduce “pedagogical complementary foods”, until what point is there a need to supplement the child with a mixture, and what nuances exist when feeding artificial children.

I hope you have found something for yourself in this article. useful information and clarified the basic rules for the introduction of complementary foods for months to babies on artificial feeding.

I would also like to ask a question to those mothers whose babies have been or are still being bottle-fed: how and at what time did you start feeding your baby, what products were introduced for months, what rules did you follow? Leave your comments on this.

Every woman who is going to get pregnant and give birth to a baby should know about the features of feeding and caring for a baby.

The necessary advisory assistance to a young mother should also be provided by a neonatologist and a local pediatrician.

Therefore, if you have any questions about the rules of feeding and caring for a child, then do not hesitate to ask them. qualified specialists. Some babies are bottle-fed due to hypogalactia, serious illnesses liver, kidney or mammary glands at a woman. However, the baby must receive all the nutrients he needs, so the introduction of the first complementary foods in such children has its own characteristics.

Optimal timing of the introduction of complementary foods

Exist exact dates when to introduce complementary foods to a bottle-fed baby adapted mixtures. Artificers are introduced to new food products 4 weeks earlier than children receiving mother's milk. That's why the optimal period for the first complementary foods is 3.5-4 months.

After the introduction of complementary foods, the baby should switch to a five-time diet, the same number of feedings is recommended for children who are breastfed. It is important to understand that complementary foods should gradually replace the mixture with food more familiar to an adult.

At the time of the introduction of new foodstuffs, the enzyme system digestive tract the baby is fully prepared to digest and assimilate food other than the usual breast milk or formula.

With artificial feeding, complementary foods are introduced in order to fully provide the child with the necessary nutrients, vitamins and microelements. It also contributes to:

• getting enough fiber necessary for normal intestinal motility;
• proper development of the speech apparatus (through chewing movements);
• gradual weaning from the mixture and a harmonious transition to a more adult diet;
• in the process of growth, the child's body needs more and more minerals, which are found in large quantities in vegetables.

Features of the introduction of the first complementary foods with IV

The decision on which product to introduce into the baby's diet first should be made jointly with the pediatrician observing him.

9 rules for the first complementary foods with IV

• 1. If the weight of the child is behind the norm or there is a tendency to disrupt the digestion of food, then first they give him porridge, in other cases it is rational to give the first vegetable complementary foods.
• 2. A bottle-fed baby can be fed once a day at first. With five meals a day, a meal at 10 am is replaced with complementary foods.
• 3. The first portion of porridge or puree is 15-20 ml, and the remaining volume must be replenished with a mixture.
• 4. It is very important to carefully monitor the condition of the crumbs during the first day after he has tried a new product. When color changes skin or stool disorders, you should contact your pediatrician and discuss with him the scheme for introducing new foods into the baby's diet.
• 5. On the second day of the introduction of complementary foods, its amount should be 50 ml, and the remaining amount of food should be replenished with a mixture.
• 6. On the third day, the baby receives 70-80 ml of puree or porridge, and for 1-2 weeks the second meal is completely replaced by complementary foods.
• 7. It is better to give cooked food to the child with a spoon, even if the baby at first refuses or is naughty to eat in a new way for him.
• 8. Make sure that there are no lumps and large pieces of vegetables in the food, gradually make the porridge or puree thicker.
• 9. It is important to remember that complementary foods with artificial feeding begin only when the baby is completely healthy. In the presence of any diseases, the introduction of the first complementary foods should be postponed and agreed with the pediatrician.

Which products are better to choose

If the baby will receive complementary foods in the form of vegetable puree, then the most important rule It is considered the introduction of only one vegetable at a time into the diet. This is due to the fact that if a child has allergic reaction, then mom and pediatrician will know exactly which vegetable caused the allergy.

Potato

Usually, first of all, the child is given a taste of mashed potatoes (potatoes can also be cooked in vegetable broth without salt). After 2 weeks, you can gradually (after every 3-5 days) add one vegetable to the potatoes.

Vegetables

The most suitable vegetables for complementary foods are carrots, beets, cabbage and pumpkin. When the baby is six months old, it will be possible to add a few drops of vegetable oil to the puree, and at 7 months - butter.

Kashi

In the event that the first complementary foods begin with milk porridge, then it is advisable to opt for buckwheat, rice or corn grits. It is believed that it is better not to give the child oatmeal or semolina porridge, as they contain gluten, which provokes the development of celiac disease.

The composition of the porridge should also gradually change:

• During the first 7 days, you need to give 5% porridge, which is boiled in vegetable broth or half milk (50% water, 50% milk).
• From the second to the fourth week, the baby receives 8-10% porridge with half milk.
• After 4 weeks, you can cook 10% porridge in whole milk and add 5% sugar and 3% vegetable oil to it.

It should be remembered that during the month the child should receive only one type of cereal, after a month other cereals can be introduced.

Introduction to the diet of healthy nutritional supplements

In the absence of medical contraindications the child needs to introduce juices and fruit purees, as they are a source of many vitamins, trace elements and minerals. The main purposes of introducing purees and juices are:

• prevention of hypovitaminosis, anemia, rickets;
• improvement of the secretory and motor function of the intestine;
• positive effect on the intestinal microflora.

Fruit juice

The introduction of fruit juice begins at 3-3.5 months, at first the volume of juice should not exceed 1-3 drops.

You should carefully monitor the condition of the baby after drinking juice, if the reaction to the new kind food is normal, then the volume of juice is gradually increased (by the end of 4 months, the child should receive 20 ml of fruit juice per day).

It is advisable to prepare juice immediately before giving it to the baby and exclusively from vegetables that have passed correct handling. First for the first feeding most the best fruit for juice is an apple.

It is strictly not recommended to give the baby grape juice and juices from tropical fruits (an exception is banana juice from 4 months). Juice should be offered to a child an hour and a half before or after a meal; sugar should not be added to it to improve taste.

fruit puree

2-4 weeks after the introduction of the juice, the baby is given a taste of fruit puree. It is better to start with half a teaspoon of applesauce, the maximum volume of puree in the first half of the year is 50 mg.

For the introduction of the first complementary foods on artificial feeding choose only high quality products. It is in the process of obtaining new products that the baby develops the intestinal microflora and the enzyme system, which have a huge impact on the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract throughout a person's life.

If the child has an adverse reaction to a new food (rash, diarrhea or constipation) or other anxiety symptoms, you need to urgently consult with a pediatrician who will correct the scheme for introducing complementary foods to your baby.

Found an error? Select it and press Ctrl + Enter