School holidays in October. What are the holidays in October?

October is an amazing month. It is known not only for its changeable weather, which actively prepares Russians for the imminent arrival of winter, but also for festive and significant events. The calendar of the month includes all the important dates of October 2017, which are versatile in nature, but are essential for each of us.

Anniversaries

What is an anniversary date? This is a festive event that has round date. Quite a lot of significant events are planned in the autumn, we will list all the anniversaries of October 2017.

1 - the date of birth of the famous Russian actor Oleg Efremov is celebrated. This year, the outstanding actor of the times would have turned 90 years old.
2 - 100th anniversary is celebrated since the birth of the Russian sculptor - Mikhail Anikushin.
5 - a unique historical date - the 280th anniversary of the birth of Count Alexei Orlov.
The 5th anniversary event is also celebrated by the Russian football player Andrey Zyryanov. The athlete is celebrating his 40th birthday.
6 - celebrate anniversary events and entrepreneurs. For example, the famous Russian businessman Vladimir Gusinsky is celebrating his 65th birthday.
6 - at the same autumn moment, a unique and sought-after actress, Elisabeth Shue, is celebrating an anniversary event (55 years).

7 - a truly Russian anniversary event - 65 years old is celebrated by our president - Vladimir Putin.
8 - a holiday of a creative nature - 125 years since the birth of the famous poetess - Marina Tsvetaeva.
The 12th - 40th anniversary is celebrated by the Russian singer of popular songs - Jasmine.
14 - 90th anniversary of the birth of actor and entertainer - Roger Moore.
15 - Russian writer Ilya Ilf is celebrated by creative people on his 120th birthday.
16 - lovely date- Dmitri Hvorostovsky, the world-famous singer of the opera stage, celebrates his 55th birthday.
16 - the actor of our Russia - Ivan Dykhovnichny - celebrates his 70th birthday.
19 - a Brazilian actress popular in recent times, known throughout the world for the TV series "The Rich Also Cry" - Veronica Castro celebrates her 65th birthday this year.
19 - sports anniversary date - 55 years of the famous boxer - Evander Holyfield.
The 23rd - 85th anniversary is celebrated by the Russian writer Vasily Belov.
26 - the popular politician of all America - Hillary Clinton - is 70 years old.
28 - actress, better known for the film "Pretty Woman" - Julia Roberts - celebrates a significant date - 50 years.
30 - Marshal Nikolai Ogarkov celebrates his 100th birthday.
31 - 95 years is celebrated since the birth of the popular Russian actor - Anatoly Papanov.

Important dates

Autumn is rich and significant dates in October 2017. Festive events are celebrated in large numbers. If a holiday is classified as a cultural property, then it gathers like-minded people for creative evenings. Every Russian keeps public dates in his heart.

What is the popular month of autumn?

The 1st - 105th anniversary is celebrated by a popular Russian historian, as well as a geographer and, of course, the author of numerous research work- Gumilyov L.N.
4 - a unique date for the whole country - exactly 60 years ago, the first artificial satellite of the planet Earth was launched into the depths of space. In honor of major event of the year, the country declares a week of space, which begins on the 4th and ends on the 10th of October.

October is also unique in that this year marks the 60th anniversary of the release of the film The Cranes Are Flying to the masses. Director Kalatozov M. was recognized as one of all the best specialists his profession at the Cannes Film Festival. The outstanding film received a well-deserved award in 1958 - the Palme d'Or.

October holidays

For every Russian, significant dates for October 2017 carry essential information. This autumn month there are others, no less significant events of the year.

1 - creative people meets the international music festival.
1 - is celebrated by the whole world today and the holiday of a smile.
1 - Russia celebrates the day of the elderly.
1 - 11th anniversary is celebrated by the Russian ground forces.
2 - the date of birth of the popular and demanded e-mail in the present day.
3 - professional holiday employees and employees of the OMON.
4 is an international holiday dedicated to animals.

5 - professional holiday essential- teacher's Day.
5 - well-deserved congratulations are received by employees of the criminal investigation department.
6 - date of birth of the emoticon.
8 is a holiday dedicated to rural women.
9 - Postal workers and all Russian post offices meet a professional holiday event.
11 is girls day. World date.
12 - the day of the Russian personnel officer.
14 - Orthodox Christians meet the Intercession Holy Mother of God.
16 is the chef's holiday.
20 - international holiday of the profession - cook.
24 is a professional holiday for special forces officers.
29 - date of birth of the Komsomol.
31 - Halloween.

Some of them are purely professional. For example, Teacher's Day, which is celebrated on October 5th. This is a holiday for all Russians: everyone studied at school or continues to do so now, and they are proud of those who gave or are giving a start in life, introducing them to a wide variety of knowledge. Schools on October 5 are full of flowers, smart children, their parents and, of course, the teachers themselves. Addressed to teachers warm congratulations And good wishes from everyone present.

Professional holidays include World Post Day, OMON Day, Ground Forces Day in Russia, etc.
At the same time, in October there are several unusual holidays, for example, International Smile Day, celebrated at the very beginning of the month. It is associated with the appearance on the Internet and in our life in general of a smiley - a yellowish laughing face, which was created in ten minutes by a modest American artist Harvey Bell. The smiley was even stolen, and became a trademark of a company with branches around the world. But often they are used by those who travel on the World Wide Web. Communicating with each other on the network, we actively use funny, sad, puzzled and with other mines on the face emoticons.

But the International Day of Older Persons in early October and Grandparents' Day at the end of it echo each other. But the essence is the same - representatives of the older generation are honored all over the world, who, even having retired, do not remain idle - they help children in raising their grandchildren, in solving endless domestic and other problems. And these days there are flowers in families, as well as in offices where older people continue to work. Veterans are presented with gifts, premiums in envelopes, they are bestowed with kisses and warm hugs.
In the second autumn month, a number of countries celebrate the days of gaining independence - Cyprus, Guinea, but it was in October that the People's Republic of China acquired its new state status with communist ideology and the Communist Party at the head. With a population of more than one and a half billion, China is now a prosperous world power with a powerful economy, which literally steps on the heels of the United States in its rapid development, and occupies a leading position on the planet after them. State formed in October South Korea. It also has a developed economy, modern cities, its products (cars, household and other appliances) are readily bought on all five continents. In October, Republic Day is widely celebrated in Portugal.

Standing apart in the list of holidays in October is the twenty-fourth number - the International Day of the United Nations. Created immediately after the Great Patriotic War on the initiative of the victorious countries, the UN has played and continues to play a big role in maintaining global peace. But every year and every month, the International Day of the United Nations is dedicated to a specific theme. For example, January 27 is Holocaust Remembrance Day. February 4 is World Cancer Day. March 21 is World Down Syndrome Day. We all remember the sensational Nizhny Novgorod the story of the expulsion from the cafe of the sister of fashion model Natalia Vodianova due to the fact that she is the carrier of this particular disease. And it can scare away the respectable public from the institution. Outrageous case! And the end of his investigation has not yet been set. But the saddest and most disgusting thing is that it took place! So the World Day of People with Down Syndrome, more than ever, is appropriate!

> What are the holidays in October?

Bright September has ended and now rainy, cold OCTOBER has already come. But this month is also rich in holidays. On this page we have published all professional, state, and church issues. Of the professional holidays, the most celebrated by everyone is, of course, Teacher's Day! Employees celebrate their day in October Agriculture, customs, mail and many others.

• October 1 - World Day of the Elderly
• October 1 - Day of the Russian Ground Forces
• October 1 - International Music Day
• October 1 - World Vegetarian Day
• October 3 - OMON Day
• October 4 - World Animal Day
• October 4 - Day civil defense Russian Emergency Situations Ministry
• October 4 - Russian Space Forces Day
• October 5 - Teacher's Day
• October 5 - Day of Criminal Investigation Workers
• October 6 - World Habitat Day
• October 6 - Day of the Russian insurer
• October 7 - Day of formation of headquarters units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
• October 8 - Day of the commander of the ship (surface, underwater and air)
• October 9 - World Post Day
• October 9 - Repose of John the Theologian
• October 12 - Day personnel worker
• October 14 - Protection of the Most Holy Theotokos
• October 15 - World Rural Women's Day
• October 16 - World Anesthesiologist Day
• October 16 - World Food Day
• October 16 - Chief's Day
• October 20 - Signal Troops Day of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
• October 20 - Naval Sailors Day (birthday of the Navy)
• October 20 - International Air Traffic Controller Day
• October 22 - White Cranes Festival
• October 23 - Advertising Workers Day
• October 24 - Units Day special purpose
• October 25 - Cable Industry Worker's Day
• October 25 - Customs Day Russian Federation
• October 28 - Russian Army Aviation Day
• October 28 - International Animation Day
• October 28 - Grandparents' Day
• October 29 - Day of employees of the private security service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
• October 30 - Mechanical Engineer's Day
• October 31 - Day of SIZO and Prison Workers
• October 31 - Day of the sign language interpreter
• October 31 - Halloween

Floating dates:

• First Friday of October - World Smile Day (October 5 - date for 2018)
• First Monday in October - World Architecture Day
• First Monday in October - International Doctor's Day (October 1 - date for 2018)
• First Thursday of October - World Housing Day (October 4 - date for 2018)
• Second Friday of October - World Egg Day (October 12 - date for 2018)
• Second Sunday of October - Day of Agricultural and Processing Industry Workers (October 14 - date for 2018)
• Third Sunday of October - Day of Road Workers
• Third Sunday of October - Workers' Day Food Industry (October 21 - date for 2018)
• Last Sunday in October - Motorist's Day (October 28 - date for 2018)

Such holidays and festive dates await us in OCTOBER. Now you know calendar of holidays in OCTOBER and you can prepare a congratulation in advance for your loved ones and relatives.

In addition, in October there are a lot of those who celebrate their birthday or anniversary. You can see congratulations for them on our website, just follow the links below ...
Happy Birthday Poems.

The old Russian name is leaf fall or pazdernik (from "pazder" - waste from flax, hemp). Another version is that in the old days the wind was called that it bared the trees, pierced the bones of the peasant. Pazdernik not only bares the trees, but rips off the leaf from the branches. Pazdernik is a month of variable weather, a month of special signs about winter.

The common names for October are dirty or wedding, both names with a transparent etymology, and also bonfires - after all, flax and hemp usually began to be crushed at this time. Other names: first winter, zazimnik, breast (cf. Ukrainian breast - December), leaf stubble, leaf fall (cf. Ukrainian leaf fall - November), breadmaker, cabbage. Ukrainian name Zhovten.

All state and professional holidays in Russia,
including significant World and International holidays, and other equally interesting holidays and events.

All holidays in October.

Almost every day in October is marked by a holiday. The October holiday calendar will tell you about upcoming holiday, significant event month, anniversaries, professional days representatives various areas activities and other interesting events.
Do not forget to congratulate your family and friends on the upcoming holiday. What holiday today you will learn from our calendar.

Floating dates:

On the first Monday of October, holidays and events - World Day of Architecture (architect)
On the first Monday of October, holidays and events - International Doctor's Day
On the first Monday in October, holidays and events - World Housing Day
On the first Friday of October, holidays and events - World Smile Day
Second Wednesday of October, holidays and events - International Day for Disaster Reduction
Second Friday of October, holidays and events - World Egg Day
Second Sunday in October, holidays and events - Day of Agricultural and Processing Industry Workers
Third Thursday of October - International Credit Union Day
On the third Sunday of October, holidays and events - Day of Road Workers
On the third Sunday of October, holidays and events - Food Workers Day
Fourth Monday in October - International Day school libraries
Last Saturday of October - All-Russian Gymnastics Day
IN last sunday October, holidays and events — Motorist Day

• International Day of Non-Violence
• International Day of the Social Educator
• Gandhi Jayanti - Mahatma Gandhi's birthday

• world animal day
• Day of the Space Forces of Russia
• Civil Defense Day EMERCOM of Russia
• Cinnamon Roll Day in Sweden (Kanelbullens dag)
• Svarog Day

• World Habitats Day
• Day of the Russian insurer
• Archivist's Day in Belarus
• Memorial Day in Turkmenistan
• Egyptian army day

• Day of the commander of a surface, underwater and air ship of the Russian Navy
• Croatia Independence Day
• Columbus Day in the USA

• world mental health day
• world day against the death penalty
• Alexis Kivi Day, Finnish Literature Day
• Armenian Chemical Forces Day
• Day of Standardization and Metrology Workers in Ukraine
• Anniversary of the start of the Cuban War of Independence

• World Arthritis Day
• HR Day in Russia
• world egg day

• Protection of the Most Holy Theotokos and Ever-Virgin Mary
• World Standards Day
• Day of the worker of agriculture and processing industry in Russia

• world food day
• world bread day
• World Anesthesia Day (Anesthesiologist Day)
• Boss Day (Boss Day)
• Aliya Day

• International Credit Union Day

• international air traffic controller day
• International Chef's Day
• World Osteoporosis Day
• Day of the military signalman in Russia
• Belgrade Liberation Day
• All-Ukrainian day of fight against breast cancer
• Candy Day in the USA

• International Stuttering Day
• International Day of School Libraries

• Day of special forces units of the Armed Forces of Russia
• United Nations Day
• World Development Awareness Day
• Day of the diplomatic worker of Kyrgyzstan
• Day of Workers of Standardization and Metrology of Kyrgyzstan

• National Day of the Republic of Austria

• International Animation Day
• Day of the motorist (Day of workers road transport)

• Foundation Day of the Russian navy
• Mechanical Engineer Day in Russia

• Broadcasts

Holidays in October 2018

Holidays archive

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• November
• December

What are the holidays in October?

October - beautiful month, the crown of the velvet season. At this time, nature acquires stunning beauty in all shades of gold. And I want to color these days with interesting exciting events. What are the holidays in October - you ask. And many different interesting holidays You will be prompted by our calendar of holidays in October.

October Traditions

Holidays in October are the occasion for the creation of numerous new traditions. You can go every first day of October to eat delicious 4 cheese pizza. Dedicate the 2nd of the month general cleaning, and 3 - cleaning the yard. On October 7, fill it with bright colors as much as possible. Spend the next day only in a good mood. Every October 10, show your concern for the people you love. On the 11th, pretend to be a time traveler - it's very fun and interesting, and on the 18th, don't torture yourself with dull cleaning. Spend October 30 without swearing and rude expressions, and on October 31 - make nice gifts for your parents.

When do we light up?

Reasons for mind-blowing parties begin on October 1 - during world day cognac. You can light up perfectly on October 3 - the national day of champagne, as well as the day of Bloody Mary. On October 10, the day when everything is allowed, you can have an amazing party without restrictions. October 13 - the day of mind-blowing parties, speaks for itself. On the 22nd, you can come up with a non-existent holiday, and light it up on this occasion.

When do we work?

What do we celebrate in October at work? A lot of things. October 1 - when you hate going to work on Monday after the weekend. The next day, be sure to express your ideas to your boss, and get a quick positive response to them. On the 3rd, you can, without hiding, express your own opinion. October 5th is perfect to increase your own income and mercilessly fight your laziness. Congratulate your absent-minded or constantly whining colleagues on October 6, and after work you can play cards with your employees. On October 17, your bosses will definitely appreciate your unique talent. On the 26th, you can not go to work for no reason.

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3.10.2015

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October 1, 1550 -Ivan the Terrible laid the foundations of the Russian regular army

Ivan Vasilievich later received a serial number -IVand nickname - Grozny, issued a decree:« On the placement in the Moscow and surrounding districts of a selected thousand service people » , which, as a result, laid the foundations of the Russian regular army.

Later, a collection system appeared military service and organizationally centralized command and control of the army. Were created: archery army, guard service, artillery as independent genus troops. In parallel with this, mine explosives and handguns were actively developed.

Such actions to strengthen Russian army led to numerous victories over the enemy.

October 1, 1754 - Paul was bornI

Catherine's sonIIand PetraIII, heir to the Russian throne PavelIwas born on October 1 (September 20), 1754 in St. Petersburg.

According to contemporaries, Paul received a good education. In his youth, he was close to Empress Elizaveta Petrovna, who actually took him away from his parents and was personally involved in his upbringing. When Catherine the Great ascended the throne, and PeterIIIwas killed, the empress began to fear Paul, because he had much more legal rights to the throne than she. Catherine tried not to allow Paul to discuss state affairs, kept him at a distance.

Having come to power in November 1796, PavelIfirst of all, he tried to cross out everything that his mother Catherine did during the 34 years of her reignII.

An important legislative act of Paul is considered to be the law on the procedure for succession to the throne, published in 1797, which was in force in Russia until 1917.

Like his father, Emperor Paul was killed as a result of a conspiracy. His son ascended the throne - Emperor AlexanderI.

October 3, 1903 -The confrontation between the Parliament and the President in Moscow turned into an armed clash

September 21, 1993 Decree of the President of the Russian Federation 1400 was published"On the phased constitutional reform in the Russian Federation" . Its essence is that the president usurped the supreme power in the country, dispersing the Supreme Council and liquidating the Constitution.

All regions of Russia recognized the decree as criminal. Siberia threatened with an economic blockade. The meeting of the Federation Council, scheduled for October 4, was going to demand the abolition of the criminal decree and the simultaneous elections of parliament and the president. In addition, they were negotiating with the Patriarch to restore the status quo on September 21st. The Supreme Soviet and then the Congress of People's Deputies, on completely legal grounds, removed the president from office. But the ousted president ignored all this. In response, he actually arrested (blocked) the entire Supreme Council.

The crisis was the result of a confrontation between two political forces: on the one hand, the President of the Russian Federation Boris Yeltsin and the government headed by Viktor Chernomyrdin and a small part of the deputies of the Supreme Council and the Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation - supporters of the president, and on the other hand -opponents of the political and socio-economic course of the President of the Government: Vice President Alexander Rutskoy, the main part of the deputies of the Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation and the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation, headed by Ruslan Khasbulatov, the majority of which was the Russian Unity bloc

Political feuds between President Yeltsin and the Supreme Soviet headed by Khasbulatov lasted throughout 1993. At that time, the Kremlin was working on a new Constitution, since the old one, according to the president, hampered reforms. The new Constitution endowed the president with enormous rights and nullified the rights of parliament.

Tired of "butting" with the deputies, on September 21, 1993, Yeltsin signed Decree No. 1400 on the termination of the activities of the Supreme Council. The deputies refused to comply, announcing that Yeltsin had carried out a "coup d'état", that his powers were terminated and transferred to Vice President Rutskoi.

OMON blocked the "White House", where the parliament was sitting. Communications, electricity, water were cut off there. Supporters of the Supreme Council built barricades, and on September 3, their clashes with the riot police began, 7 demonstrators were killed, dozens were injured.

Yeltsin declared a state of emergency in Moscow. A. Rutskoi called for the capture of the Ostankino television center in order to gain access to the air. Dozens of people died during the capture of Ostankino. On the night of October 4, Yeltsin gave the order to storm the White House. In the morning the building was shelled from tanks. In total, 150 people died on October 3-4, four hundred were injured. Khasbulatov and Rutskoi were arrested and sent to Lefortovo.

An interview was published in the Komsomolskaya Pravda newspaperAndrei DUNAEV, until the summer of 1993, Deputy Minister of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, supporter of the Supreme Council:

“... If we wanted, we would have stayed in the White House for a month or two. There were supplies of weapons and food. But then a civil war would break out. If instead of Khasbulatov there was a Russian, perhaps everything would have turned out differently. The Rostov OMON, who arrived in Moscow, told me: “Two m ... ka are fighting for power. One is Russian and the other is Chechen. So it's better to support the Russian .

... An employee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs died in front of my eyes, he was mowed down by a sniper from the Mir Hotel. They rushed there, but the shooter managed to leave, only by special signs and style of execution they realized that this was not the handwriting of our MVD, not KGB, but someone else. Apparently, foreign intelligence agencies. And they sent instigators from the American embassy. The US wanted to stir up a civil war and ruin Russia.”

October 4, 1957 - The world's first artificial Earth satellite was launched into Earth orbit, discovering space age in human history

Russian satellite PS-1 became the first artificial celestial body, launched into orbit. He representedyourselfa ball with a diameter of 58 centimeters and a weight of 83.6 kilograms. Equippedfour pin antennas 2.4 and 2.9 meters long necessary for signal transmission. The launch vehicle of the PS-1 satellite was subsequently named the Baikonur Cosmodrome.

The PS-1 satellite spent 92 days in flight and made 1440 revolutions around the Earth, which is approximately equal to 60 million kilometers.

The United States of America was able to repeat the success of the USSR only1st of February 1958 , launching the Explorer-1 satellite on the second attempt, weighing 10 times less than the Soviet PS-1.

October 8, 1392 - Repose of St. Sergius, hegumen of Radonezh, wonderworker of all Russia

Bartholomew (worldly name) was born in 1314 into a boyar family, his father's name was Cyril, and his mother's name was Maria. WITH early years the young man dreamed of dedicating his life to the service of the Lord. However, the parents did not want to see their son as a monk, after their death, the future Hegumen of the Russian land, with his older brother Stefan, settled on a hill in the dense thicket of the forest, built a wooden church with their own hands and consecrated it in the name of the Life-Giving Trinity. The elder brother soon got bored with the ascetic life, and he left, and Sergius was left all alone. All the days he spent in prayers, and once they were heard, hegumen of one of the nearby monasteries Mitrofan tonsured him into monasticism. From that moment on, Sergei Radonezhsky did not spend a single minute in idleness, he worked and prayed all day long, his only desire was to save his own soul, to live and die in solitude in his own forest.

A few years later, people began to settle around the church built by Sergius. Even during his earthly life, the Reverend became a great intercessor and mourner for the Russian land.

In addition to the Trinity-Sergius Monastery, Sergius founded several more monasteries (Annunciationmonastery on Kirzhach, Staro-Golutvin near Kolomna, Vysotsky Monastery, Georgievsky on Klyazma), he made these monasteries as abbots of his students. More than 40 monasteries were founded by himstudents: Savva (Savvino-Storozhevsky near Zvenigorod), Ferapont (Ferapontov), ​​Cyril (Kirillo-Belozersky), Sylvester (Voskresensky Obnorsky) and others, as well as his spiritual interlocutors, such as Stefan of Perm.

On the eve of the death of St. Sergius in last time called on the brethren and addressed with the words of the testament:

“Be careful, brethren. First have the fear of God, purity of soul and unfeigned love... » .

September 25, 1392 Sergius died.

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October 11, 1931 - A decision was made in the USSR to completely eliminate private trade

On this day, it was decided to completely eradicate private trade, in the course of eliminatingall property was confiscatedrural kulaks were exiled to Siberia,and city shop owners were deprived of political rights, many were subjected to legal persecution, and only collective farm markets had the right to exist.

Of course, the law on the prohibition of private trade could not completely eliminate it. The shadow economy remained, in addition to this, trade “under the counter” remained - high-quality things, scarce products were all in good demand.

Later, a card system appeared, which existed from 1928 to 1935, during the Great Patriotic War and during Perestroika.

Grand Duke of Moscow and Vladimir Dmitry Ivanovich Donskoy was born in Moscow when he was four years old, his father diedIvan I Danilovich Kalita, and at the age of 9 the young prince had to fight forhis reign in Vladimir. Metropolitan Alexy became the mentor and comrade-in-arms of young Dmitry, the young prince consulted with him on many political issues, trusted him with the most intimate. Also a good relationship Dmitry had a relationship with Sergei Radonezhsky, andIt was to him that the prince came before the Battle of Kulikovo for a blessing.

Since 1363, Dmitry Donskoy became the Grand Duke of Vladimir, and after a big fire in Moscow, the prince builtnew white-stone Kremlin.

In 1380, Dmitry Donskoy, at the head of the combined Russian forces, defeated the troops of Mamai in the Battle of Kulikovo, for which he was nicknamed Donskoy.

Dmitry Donskoy was a believing and devout person, he supported Orthodox churches, made donations, founded monasteries throughout his reign. The Grand Duke died at the age of 39(19) May 27, 1389 and was buried in the Archangel Cathedral in Moscow. Canonized by Russian Orthodox Church in 1988.

October 12, 1492 - The expedition of Christopher Columbus reached the island of San Salvador ( official date discoveries of America)

Based on the theoretical calculations of ancient scientists about the sphericity of the Earth, Christopher Columbus compiled the shortest sea route from Europe to India. With the support of Andalusian merchants and bankers, Columbus organized an ocean expedition. On August 3, 1492, three ships sailed from the Canary Islands, and on October 12 of the same year, ships moored off the coast of modern America (although Columbus was sure that this was India).

There are discussions in the scientific literature that Columbus was the first to discover America. It has been established that the islands and coastal areas of northern and northeastern America were visited by the Normans hundreds of years before Columbus. However, only the discoveries of Columbus were of world-historical significance, since only after his expedition did the American lands enter the sphere of geographical representations.

According to legend, when the Muslim army was advancing on the Byzantine Empire, a Sunday prayer for salvation was held in the Constantinople church.The temple was overflowing with worshipers, unexpectedly holy holy fool Andrew looked up and saw surrounded by angels, illuminated by heavenly light, the Mother of God walking through the air. For a whole hour she prayed with the people, then the Mother of God took off her shiny veil and covered the people in the temple with it. After that, the vision disappeared, the veil became invisible, but the grace of the Mother of God remained with the people of Constantinople.

The Intercession is considered one of the main Orthodox holidays, on this day it is customary to go to the temple with the whole family and pray to the Most Holy Theotokos, ask her for well-being.

October 14, 1905 - Peace of Portsmouth signed

Peace treaty signed on August 231905 years in an American cityPortsmouth . Its signing ended the difficult and unsuccessful period for Russia of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905. the document was an example of the diplomatic art demonstrated by S. Witte.

What was this treaty? The terms of the treatise can be subdivided according to their content into several groups. The first of these concerned the redistribution of spheres of influence in third countries. Russia recognized the prevailing interests of Japan in Korea, and undertook not to interfere with measures to establish Japanese dominance in this country.

The tsarist government also ceded to Japan its rights to lease the Kwantung Peninsula with the naval base of Port Arthur (Luishun) and the commercial port of Dalniy (Dalian) with all concessions and state property, which was a major loss in political, strategic and economic terms.

The next group of conditions related to the loss of Russian territory and property. The tsarist government gave Japan the southern part of Sakhalin (up to the 50th parallel) with the adjacent islands and all state property. The area and population of the territory annexed by Japan were not so large, but it was of serious strategic and economic importance: the possession of South Sakhalin allowed Japan to block the La Perouse Strait and made it easier to block the Tatar Strait. In addition, the island was rich in minerals. The article on Sakhalin annulled the amicable delimitation of 1875, once again placing the territorial issue in the way of good neighborly relations between the two countries.

Japan received the South Manchurian railway between Port Arthur and Quanchenzi station with all its branches, rights and privileges. total cost Russia's direct material losses, not counting the territory, exceeded 100 million gold rubles. To this should be added monetary compensation for the maintenance of prisoners of war, the amount of which was not fixed in the contract itself, and was later determined at 46 million rubles.

In 1945, the southern part of Sakhalin Island and the adjacent islands were returned to Russia.

October 14, 1964 - Khrushchev is removed from all posts

On this day, the Central Committee of the CPSU granted the request of Nikita Khrushchev and released him from the post of First Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. Khrushchev explained the reason for this decision as follows:« Due to old age and declining health » . Although in fact he was removed as a result of a conspiracy between a new generation of apparatchiks who did not want to see Khrushchev as their leader.

Khrushchev, who has been on vacation since September 30, was deliberately isolated from the center. On October 12, gathered in MoscowPresidium , and 13 - Plenum of the Central Committee at which it was decided to summon Khrushchev toKremlin , present him with a list of charges and force him to resign.

On behalf of the Presidium of the Central Committee, Suslov demanded Khrushchev's resignation. The score of sins presented to the First Secretary was impressive. He was accused of abandoning the collective leadership,voluntarism , administration, the collapse of agriculture, the weakening of the country's defense power, the approval of a new personality cult.

In response to this, Khrushchev did not fight, but simply said:« I'm already old and tired... The main thing I've done... Could anyone dream that we can tell Stalin that he doesn't suit us and offer him to resign. We wouldn't have a wet spot left. Now everything is different, fear has disappeared, and the conversation is on an equal footing. This is my merit » .

October 18, 1009 - By order of the Egyptian ruler Al-Hakim, the Church of the Holy Sepulcher was plundered and destroyed

The beginning of the construction of the Holy Sepulcher began in 325 under Empress Helen, mother of Constantine the Great.

In 1009, by order of the ruler of Egypt, Al-Hakim, the Church of the Holy Sepulcher was looted and destroyed, only separate fragments of the building survived, buried under heavy stone debris.

Unfortunately, historians have not been able to recreate complete picture and the reasons for what happened. Information from various sources describethe personality of Al-Hakim as a very controversial and unbalanced ruler.

It was the destruction of the Holy Sepulcher that served as the reasons for the start of the Crusades.

October 18, 1867 -

In 1732, a Russian expedition discovered Alaska, after which it became a possession of the Russian Empire.

At the beginning of the 19th century, Alaska generated income through the fur trade, but this was not enough for the Russian imperial family, it was obvious to them that the costs of maintaining and protecting this remote and geopolitically vulnerable territory would outweigh the potential profit.

The US began negotiations to acquire Alaska from Russia in 1867 under President Andrew Johnson. And already on March 30, 1867 at 4 o'clock in the morning, an agreement was signed on the sale of Alaskaand the Aleutian IslandsUnited States of America for 7,200,000 dollars (11 million tsarist rubles).

Of course, the inhabitants of America did not want to acquire a useless territory for such a lot of money, they even called it a polar bear reserve, but whengold and rich mineral resources were discovered in Alaska, this deal was recognized as the main achievement of the administration of President Andrew Johnson.

The official handover ceremony for Alaska took place before the Money- October 18, 1867. On this day in the capital of Russian settlements in North America Novoarkhangelsk (now the city of Sitka) under artillery salute and during the parade of the military of the two countries was lowered Russian flag and raised American. October 18 is celebrated in the USA« Alaska Day» . In the state official holiday March 30 is considered the date of signing the Treaty.In 1959, Alaska became the 49th state of America.

October 22, 1962 - The beginning of the Caribbean crisis - confrontation between the USSR and the USA

The aggravation of relations between the USSR and the USA occurred as a result of the deployment of Soviet missile weapons in Cuba. Such action was required because of the diplomatic and economic pressure that the United States was exerting on Cuba. The Soviet leadership, at the request of the Cubans, settled their troops on the island, including missile, to suppress the armed aggression of the Americans.

Upon learning of this, the US government declared a naval blockade of Cuba and concentrated a 250,000-strong army on the shores of Florida. In response to this, the USSR government gave the command to put all Armed forces, anti-aircraft guns were installed in the squares of Havana, opening fire during overflights of American aircraft. On the same day was created emergency advice UN security. It was possible to resolve the conflict between the USSR and the USA thanks to the diplomatic efforts of both sides.

The Soviet Union agreed to withdraw the missile launchers from Cuba, and the United States lifted the naval blockade. In January 1963, the UN received assurances that the Caribbean (Cuban) crisis had been eliminated.

October 23-25, 2002 - Nord-Ost.In Moscow, there was a terrorist attack on Dubrovka

At 9:15 p.m., a group of armed men broke into the building of the Theater Center on Dubrovka, just at that time the Nord-Ost musical was on, so there were more than 700 people in the building. All of them in the blink of an eye turned from spectators into hostages. Later, the Russian special services learned that the building had been seized by a detachment of Chechen fighters led by Movsar Baraev, and then, that there are terrorists among the invaders- suicide bombers hung with explosives.

The next day, at 19 pm, the Qatari TV channel Al Jazeera showed a report where the militants, even before the theater was seized, put forward their demands - to withdraw Russian troops from Chechnya. After that, negotiations began, in which they took partState Duma deputy from Chechnya Aslambek Aslakhanov, Iosif Kobzon, British journalist Mark Franchetti, two Red Cross doctors. The militants flatly refused to accept food and water for the hostages, but still, On October 25, at one in the morning, they let a doctor into the building, he was the head of the Department of Emergency Surgery and Trauma of the Center for Disaster Medicine, Leonid Roshal.

In the morning, in front of the occupied building, a rally of relatives and relatives of the hostages was overdue, they demanded, so that the Russian government complies with all the demands of the terrorists.

On October 26 at 5:30 a.m., three explosions and several automatic bursts were heard near the theater building, an assault followed at about 6 a.m. Russian special forces using nerve gas. At 6.30 in the morning, FSB officials reported that the theater and everyone in it were now under the control of special services, and most of the terrorists had been destroyed.

On October 7, 2002, the Moscow prosecutor's office published a list of the dead, it included 128 people: 120 Russians and 8 citizens from countries near and far abroad.

October 28, 2002 was declared a day of mourning for the victims of the terrorist action.

October 26 -

Iverskayaicon Mother of God one of the most respected Orthodox world, now located on Athos.

In the 9th century it was kept in the city of Nicaea by a pious widow, in the same century the iconoclasts destroyed all the holy icons. Arriving at the house of this Christian woman, one of the soldiers struck the image of the Mother of God with a spear. Immediately, blood flowed from the affected area. The widow was frightened by the complete destruction of the icon and promised the soldiers money for not touching the sacred image until morning. After the soldiers left, the woman and her son took the icon to the sea and lowered it into the water. The waves carried the icon to Athos. Having conducted a prayer service for the gift, the monk of the Iversky Monasteryat the command of the Mother of God, who appeared to him in a dream, he walked on the water, accepted the holy icon and placed it in the temple. The next day, the icon was not found in the temple;- In that way, it ended up above the gates of the monastery, it was removed and carried back to the temple, but history repeated itself. After this, the Blessed Virgin came to Saint Gabriel in a dream and said her will that she did not want to be guarded by the monks, but wanted to be their Guardian. After that, the image was placed over the monastery gates.

October 301696 - At the suggestion of Peter I, the Boyar Duma adopted a resolution"Sea ships to be ..."

The absence of a regular navy in Russia contributed to the political and cultural isolation of the country and a major obstacle to economic and social development.

The first regular fleet was the Azov, it was created during the reign of Peter I to fight against Ottoman Empire for the right to enter the waters of the Black Sea. For four years in Voronezh, Kozlov and other cities located along the banks of rivers flowing into the Sea of ​​Azov, 36-gun ships "Apostol Peter" and "Apostle Paul", four fireships, 23 galleys, 1300 plows, sea boats and rafts were built . It was they who made up the Azov fleet. The first victory was not long in coming, on July 29, 1696, when the Turkish fortress Azak (Azov) was taken. And it was after such a joyful event that the Boyar Duma, headed by Emperor Peter I, adopted a resolution "Sea ships should be ...".

October 31, 1961 - On the night of October 31 to November 1, Stalin's body was taken out of the Mausoleum

Joseph Stalin passed away on March 5, 1953, on March 9 of the same year he was buried in the Mausoleum on Red Square.

Starting in 1956, dissatisfaction began to be heard at party production meetings that the presence of Stalin's body in the tomb of Lenin "is incompatible with the lawlessness committed by Stalin."

On the eve of the XX Congress of the CPSU Party, the workers of the Kirov and Nevsky Machine-Building Plants received a proposal to rebury Stalin's remains in another place. XXII supported this idea and decided:"Mausoleum on Reddish Square, made to perpetuate the memory of Lenin" . It was decided to rebury Stalin's remains on Red Square behind the Mausoleum.Fearing popular indignation, the action was carried out in strict secrecy. At nightOn October 31, 1961, under the pretext of a parade rehearsal for November 7, Red Square was cordoned off and, in the presence of countless guards, the funeral team, under the close attention of the reburial commission, took out Stalin's remains from the Mausoleum and buried them near the Kremlin wall.

Working days in October 2019

First of all, let's talk about how many working days in October 2019. The second autumn month has 23 labor days: 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 28, 29, 30, 31 numbers.

Non-working days in October 2019 in Russia

Surely, workers are interested in knowing what days off are in October. This autumn month will give employees 8 days off. These are the 5th, 6th, 12th, 13th, 19th, 20th, 26th, 27th.

Holidays in October 2019 in Russia

Now we will tell you how many holidays there are in October 2019. There are no official holidays this month.

How Russians will rest during the six-day period

Employees working under the condition of a six-day working week will rest only in Sundays. This month they fall on the 6th, 13th, 20th, 27th.

Working hours

What dates fall on holidays, workdays and weekends in October 2019, the production calendar will tell you. According to production calendar Russia, there will be 23 working days and 8 days off and holidays.

Working hours norms:

• at 40 hour working week- 184 hours;
• at 36-hour - 165.6 hours;
• at 24-hour - 110.4 hours.

Holiday calendar in October 2019

This month there are no official public holidays that could give workers an extra day of rest. But employees will be able to celebrate professional, international holidays, days of military glory and Orthodox holidays. Read more about what holidays in October 2019 are waiting for us, read on:

• 1 - Day of the Ground Forces of the Russian Federation;
• 1 - Day of the elderly. Grandparents, all elderly people you know should be congratulated on the holiday. Thanks to this holiday, it became possible to speak openly about the problems of the elderly, to pay tribute to their many years of work and care;
• 2 - All-Russian day of vocational education (Day of vocational education). On this day in all secondary special technical educational institutions rulers are held, and students organize congratulatory concerts for teachers;
• 4 - Day of the military space forces of Russia. The holiday is solemnly held in all military formations of the Russian Federation given purpose, at space orbital stations and in various ground-based design bureaus, centers for preparing for flights and launching spacecraft;
• 4 - Day of the Civil Defense Troops. Day of the Ministry of Emergency Situations;
• 5 - Day of workers of the criminal investigation department;
• 5 - Teacher's Day in Russia. World Teachers Day. This is a professional holiday for educators;
• 6 - Day of the Russian insurer;
• 7 - Day of the employee of the headquarters units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs;
• 12 - HR Day (Russian Federation from the USSR);
• 14 - Protection of the Most Holy Theotokos. The cover is the beginning of the wedding season;
• 14 - Day of the agricultural worker is celebrated on the second Sunday of the month. This is a professional holiday for all those who work in the field of agriculture and the processing industry in Russia;
• 20 - Day of Signal Corps of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation;
• 20 - International Chef's Day, Russian chefs celebrate;
• 20 - Day of the air traffic controller;
• 21 - Day of the food industry worker. Celebrated on the third Sunday of the month. The holiday was established in 1966 by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. The tradition of honoring food industry workers continues to this day;
• 21 - Day of road workers;
• 23 - Day of Advertising Workers;
• 24 - Day of formations and special forces;
• 25 - Day of the customs officer of the Russian Federation;
• 29 - Day of employees of the private security service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs;
• 30 - Day of the motorist. Day of the road transport worker;
• 30 - Mechanical Engineer's Day;
• 30 - Birthday of the Navy;
• 30 - Day of Remembrance of Victims of Political Repressions.