How to handle and care for baby's skin folds. Newborn care

Dear mothers! This article does not pretend to be an entertaining reading, it, first of all, should become a reminder for you, who find yourself at home with a little man in your arms. For you, who are just preparing for the joyful event of childbirth, and for you who have already arrived at your native walls with a tiny little man, this small article is a reminder of the most urgent issues of the regimen and hygiene of a newborn child. My long-term experience of communicating with mothers shows that all of them, without exception, listen very carefully to the doctor's recommendations when they are discharged from the hospital, some even take notes, but after a couple of days they start calling with the very questions that we so vividly discussed recently. It is understandable - excitement, anxiety, a lot of new worries - the head is spinning! I hope that this article - a reminder will be able to help you and at least bring some clarity to the confusion of the first days after arriving home.

First of all, let's stock up on the necessary care items, systematizing them in order.

1). Underwear for a newborn:

10-25 thin diapers and 5-15 warm ones (depending on how you will keep your baby - swaddle him or not);

10-25 gauze diapers (in addition to diapers);

5 thin (batiste) and 5 flannel shirts, 5 knitted blouses.

5 cambric and knitted hats different sizes(increasingly);

5-7 thin or insulated semi-overalls or overalls (depending on the season);

2-3 pairs of socks;

2 - 3 pairs of mittens;

2 sets of bed linen;

blanket and blanket;

orthopedic pillow (needed from three months);

2 oilcloths.

2). Bathing Equipment:

baby bath;

stand in the bath (to free your handsJ);

thermometer for water;

baby sponge;

bathing products (baby soap, shampoo, bath foam);

2 hooded terry towels.

3).Baby skin care products:

baby cream;

baby oil;

talc;

milk or lotion;

protective cream for diapers;

dry herbs (string, chamomile, calendula);

alcohol and aqueous solution of brilliant green; manganese; salicylic alcohol;

sterile cotton;

cotton buds.

4). Other:

brush and comb for hair;

gas outlet tube;

a couple of small pears for enemas;

scissors for cutting nails;

room thermometer;

changing table (optional, but very convenient);

night light;

bottle sterilizer;

a minimum of 2 bottles (if the child is breastfed), a maximum of 6 (for the lazy - to sterilize once a day);

a couple of pacifiers (not for everyone J);

as well as sterile bra pads for nursing mothers.

This is an average list of what is necessary - maybe something will seem superfluous to you, and something will eventually become necessary, and you will add to my list. I proceeded from the experience of many years of communication with mothers of different ages and income levels. So, everything is bought, a tiny snuffling bundle is in your hands, a happy and proud father is on the contrary, and around is a council of anxious grandmothers.

Newborn skin care.

First of all, it is necessary to dwell on such an important point as the treatment of the umbilical wound. This is all the more important because the umbilical wound can become an entry gate for infection, and when improper care, as well as with reduced immunity, often becomes infected. It is necessary to treat the umbilical wound up to a month of the child's life. This is the period during which the umbilical vessels completely subside, and the wound heals. Twice a day (in the evening after bathing and in the morning at the first swaddling), it will be necessary to make a thorough toilet of the umbilical wound. To do this, you will need sterile cotton wool, wooden sticks (matches can be used), salicylic alcohol, hydrogen peroxide and an alcohol infusion of brilliant green. With thoroughly washed hands, wrap a piece of sterile cotton wool on a stick, soak it in hydrogen peroxide and gently but effectively treat the bottom of the wound. This is done in order to remove crusts, desquamated epithelium and detachable wounds. Then with another stick, with cotton dipped in alcohol, wipe the bottom of the wound. The child will be outraged. It may well be that any manipulations with this “sacred place” are unpleasant to him, but nothing can be done. And lastly, with a third stick dipped in brilliant green, lubricate the wound, leaving the skin around it on the stomach clean (so that you can see the true color of the skin in case of inflammation). The wound should be narrow and dry 10-14 days after the birth of the child, there should be no discharge from it, and the skin on the abdomen should be of normal color.

Start bathing the baby immediately on the day of discharge (unless the child has been vaccinated against BCG tuberculosis on that day). Bathing water must be boiled up to a month of a child's life in order to prevent infection of the umbilical wound. The water temperature should be close to body temperature and be 37 degrees. You need to bathe the baby with soap every other day, once a week - using a baby sponge. It is enough to wash the child's head twice a week with the mildest shampoo. While bathing Special attention give the genitals and deep folds on the body of the child. The bathing procedure can last as long as the baby likes. However, for the first few times (until the baby gets used to it), be careful. First, try to make sure that the child is not hungry. After the previous feeding, no more than 1.5 hours should pass, but not less than 1 hour. Secondly, it is desirable that the child be in a good mood. Thirdly, he should not be afraid of the first contact with water, for which you lower him into the water slightly wrapped in a diaper. Try to avoid getting water into the ear passages - this can cause otitis media. Most likely, the first two weeks, the bathing procedure will not last longer than 3-5 minutes. In any case, remove the baby from the water before he bursts into tears. You'll see, not so much time will pass, and your baby will begin to get great pleasure from bathing, and with him - and you! If the child's skin is clean, there are no rashes or diaper rash, then nothing needs to be added to the bathing water. If you notice any trouble from the above, then you will need to bathe the baby in water with the addition of an infusion of herbs (string, chamomile or calendula). Brew in a water bath for 15 minutes from the ratio of a handful of dry grass to 0.5 liters of boiling water. If after 2-3 days of such baths, the child will have skin problems, then only in this case it will be necessary to use a pale pink solution of manganese.

After bathing, gently dry the skin with blotting movements with a pre-warmed towel.

Let's proceed to the toilet of the skin.

The skin of a newborn is prone to dryness, is very susceptible to microtrauma, and also, due to an unexpressed fat layer, to the occurrence of diaper rash. In addition, the skin of newborns, to a lesser extent than the skin of adults, has the ability to protect the child's body from the penetration of pathogens. Therefore, newborn skin care must meet the following basic requirements: keeping the skin clean, preventing the penetration of infectious agents, sufficient hydration and preventing diaper rash.

After each bath, it is necessary to lubricate all the folds on the child's body with baby cream or baby oil carefully, but carefully. It is better to lubricate the folds from top to bottom, the last ones are the buttocks. As for what to prefer: cream or oil, this is how it suits you better. The only thing I would like to say in this regard is that there can be an allergic reaction to almost any skin care product. Therefore, before you start using this or that remedy, test it on a limited area of ​​skin the size of a ruble coin. If after 2-3 days no rashes, severe dryness of the skin and peeling appear, you can safely use it. Those who prefer to use home remedies, or those whose children react to children's cosmetics, will have to use sterilized vegetable oil (sunflower, olive or soybean).

It is necessary to wash the child after each stool with running water (it is not necessary to boil) with soap, and then also lubricate the skin of the buttocks with oil or cream.

In order to avoid the appearance of diaper rash, especially when using gauze diapers, it is recommended to lubricate the skin of the buttocks, inguinal folds with Bepanten ointment, which not only prevents the occurrence of diaper rash, but also promotes the healing of those that have already appeared.

If you notice greasy scales (the so-called “milk scab”) that have appeared on the skin of the baby’s scalp, you should not be scared. As a rule, this is a manifestation of atopic diathesis. True, the appearance of these crusts is very upsetting for mothers, so they ruthlessly fight them. To facilitate this procedure, while bathing, it is necessary to steam the scalp well. After bathing, generously lubricate the baby's head with oil (baby or vegetable), put on a cap and leave overnight. In the morning, gentle movements with a special brush made of natural bristles these scales and crusts can be easily removed.

The nails of the child must be cut, starting from the month of his life. In the first month, it is better to avoid this procedure, since the very delicate skin around the nail bed is easily injured and an inflammatory process may occur. In order for the child not to scratch himself, from ancient times they used children's mittens or tightly sewn sleeves of undershirts. It is necessary to cut the nails with special scissors, having previously wiped them with alcohol (both nails and scissors). Children, as a rule, cannot stand such gross violence, so it is better to try to carry out this "operation" in a dream. Well, or, in last resort, - after bathing, when the skin and nails are well soaked, and discomfort will be kept to a minimum.

Wash the child twice a day - in the morning when waking up and in the evening after bathing. Squeeze two cotton swabs soaked in boiled water. Rinse both eyes with a single movement (separately - right and left) in the direction from the outer corner to the inner (from the ears to the nose). With another swab, also dipped in boiled water, we wipe the entire face of the baby. The nose and ears should be cleaned as needed, preferably after bathing. Use cotton flagella for this (at least in the first month).

Wash kids clothes the first two months are better with baby soap, then with special washing powders based on baby soap. Boil all laundry once a week. For the first two months, you will have to iron all accessories of baby clothes on both sides.

Feeding and drinking regime.

This is the most exciting topic for all mothers without exception. And this is not surprising: during this period of life, the problem of nutrition is the main one, literally everything depends on it: development, physical health, and, finally, the happiness of a little person.

The good news is that now almost all mothers are determined to breastfeed their babies and only breastfeed as long as possible. And that's already half the battle! It is well known that the regulation of lactation is the responsibility of the brain, which obeys impulses from its cortex. And what we think and feel is directly transmitted to the cerebral cortex. If your baby has an excellent appetite, and you want to feed him, then you have all the prerequisites for success!

So, feeding. Children of the first month of life prefer a regimen when feeding occurs at intervals of three hours. In some maternity hospitals, babies are fed after 3.5 hours. If your baby is happy with it - very good. Here it is necessary to make a reservation that the regime is a relative thing. In any case, you should focus on the child's appetite. You can let your baby eat "as desired". You will see, he will choose a regimen for himself and will stick to it. If you have enough milk, then a well-fed, satisfied baby will sleep soundly for all three hours between feedings. If there is not enough milk, you will put the baby to the breast more often, which, having made up for the lack of nutrition in one feeding, will also stimulate lactation. I emphasize that the main criterion for the sufficiency of milk is the interval between feedings that the child can withstand. It almost never happens that a healthy baby sleeps and does not require feeding if he is hungry. But still, if in doubt, it is better to carry out control weighings from time to time.

Let's assume such an unpleasant option: we have to admit that milk, despite all efforts, is not enough, it is necessary to introduce supplementary feeding with an artificial mixture or even transfer the child to artificial feeding. There are more than enough mixtures at your disposal. First of all, decide on the brand of food. Then you need to decide what kind of formula your baby needs. To do this, in each case, it is necessary to consult with the pediatrician who observes the child. When transferring a baby to artificial feeding, the main thing is to observe gradualness. Digestive system the baby will not withstand a sudden change in nutrition. Start with 20-30 ml after breastfeeding and gradually build up to the required volume. If suddenly for some reason you have to change the mixture, you should also do this gradually. It is especially important when artificial feeding the strictest sterility. Milk and artificial mixture are the most fertile environment for the reproduction of pathogens. After each feeding, the bottles must be washed with soda and boiled for 10-15 minutes. Use the prepared mixture immediately after preparation and under no circumstances store the prepared mixture. It is fraught with poisoning!

When it comes to drinking, all children behave differently in this matter. You should know that the child must be offered water without fail. If he needs water, he will drink. Those children who refuse to drink, in all likelihood do not need it, they receive all the necessary liquid from mother's milk. Infants receiving artificial formula must drink water. Offer water between feedings in the first month of life, 30-50 ml six times a day. In the future, the volume of drinking will increase in accordance with the needs of the child. Water must be specially prepared. You can use water for children of industrial production ("Winnie", "Hipp", "Baby", etc.), or filter water at home (well, boil it, of course!). By the way, the same water must be used to prepare the mixture. This feeding regimen will last up to four months. Then things get a little more complicated, but that's a separate issue. So, a summary of nutrition: we feed according to the regimen, but we focus on the child’s appetite, if he is hungry before the allotted time, you can feed him earlier, and vice versa, if the baby is sleeping, then you don’t need to wake him up to feed him, hunger will wake him up on time!

Walking, indoor mode.

We start walking from two weeks of a child's life. The first time we go outside for 15 minutes. It is desirable that on this day the weather is favorable for walking: without rain, fog and strong wind. Biting frost also does not contribute to the first exit "into the light". In the future, you will be able to walk in more severe weather conditions, but you need to get used to walking gradually. So, the first time we walk for 15 minutes. The next day, we double the walking time. And so on, bringing up to two hours in the autumn-winter time, and as much as you like - in the summer. It is not necessary to dress the child too warmly for a walk. Focus on how you feel. Keep in mind that a healthy baby has a fairly good thermoregulation, it is much easier to overheat it than to overcool it. If the child has warm hands, then he is warm. And if he has a cool nose, then this does not mean at all that he is cold. Don't worry, you'll learn to "feel the weather" pretty quickly. In this case, the main thing is not to systematically wrap the child. Children who are dressed too warmly are more susceptible to colds and viral diseases, their defenses are depleted in the constant struggle with systematic overheating. Here it is necessary to move on to the question of the temperature regime in the room where the child sleeps and is awake. The optimum temperature is 23-24 degrees. In winter, especially attention should be paid to air humidity. The air dried up by heating appliances and steam batteries is harmful both for the body of the crumbs and for respiratory tract his parents. Therefore, do not be lazy to humidify the air. Twice a day arrange through ventilation. Take the child to another room and open windows and doors. Remember that the air must be cool and fresh in order for the baby to have a healthy sleep. Do not hang the crib around its perimeter - provide air access! I think it is superfluous to mention the need to make daily wet cleaning in the room where the baby is.

In the summer, when everyone is languishing from the heat, the child also has a hard time. However, be very careful with air conditioners. It has been said many times about potential harm air-conditioned, but the number of sick children for this reason is not reduced.

Equally important is the physical development of the child and your feasible participation in his formation. Lay the baby on his tummy on a hard elastic surface before each feeding for 5-10 minutes. Spend air baths 10-15 minutes several times a day. Master general strengthening massage and hygienic gymnastics. Go swimming if possible. And be healthy!

Skin condition infant one of the most important factors influencing his mood. We often do not even imagine how painful diaper rash or dryness can be for a small child. But the crying of a child, which seems to us unreasonable, can be caused precisely by them. Simple secrets newborn skin treatment water procedures every mother should know by heart.

What to do immediately after swimming

Your baby has left the bath and you have wrapped him in your favorite towel, but the hygiene procedures are not over yet. To continue, you should already have a changing table or other suitable surface covered with a clean sheet. Also, prepare everything you need in advance to treat the newborn's skin. after bathing.

Treatment of the umbilical wound

Treatment of the umbilical wound- the first thing we do after bathing a newborn. Uncomplicated by any infection, it heals in up to two weeks, but during this time it requires daily treatment. It is because of her that at first the baby is recommended to bathe in a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

For processing you will need

• Cotton buds;
• 3% hydrogen peroxide solution;
• Gauze swab (just fold a small piece of gauze or bandage several times);
• Zelenka.

Processing algorithm

1. Spread the edges of the wound with the fingers of your left hand.
2. Put some hydrogen peroxide on the wound.
3. Remove the soaked crusts with a cotton swab.
4. Dry the wound with a gauze pad and leave until complete drying(2-3 minutes).
5. Treat the wound with brilliant green with a cotton swab.

IMPORTANT! Seek medical attention if signs of infection are found.

Signs of infection

• The presence of redness around the wound;
• Yellowish or greenish discharge;
• Seals around the navel;
• An increase in temperature, including the skin in the navel.

After the umbilical wound has been treated, you can proceed to further procedures. To avoid troubles such as diaper rash and dryness, newborn skin after bathing need to be lubricated by special means.

Modern means for treating the skin of a newborn after bathing: features, comparison

baby cream- great tool for diaper rash prevention. Use cream after bathing a newborn, treating them with all the folds on the body, including the buttocks and genitals. Do not forget to anoint behind the ears - this is also a risk area. The choice of creams is quite large. Creams with extracts of string or chamomile have an excellent calming effect.

IMPORTANT! Do not forget: the cream is a preventive measure, it is not suitable for the treatment of diaper rash.

Cream or spray with panthenol- will become your assistants, if it was still not possible to avoid diaper rash. According to experienced mothers, this is just a magical remedy. both with diaper rash and dryness.

Baby powder or talc- dry remedies for the prevention of prickly heat and diaper rash. They reduce moisture in problem areas and make the skin silky. When treating wrinkles with a dry product, do not sprinkle it on the child, as shown in cartoons, but apply it on your palm and treat the baby's skin with your hand.

Milk and lotion designed to prevent dry skin. Lubricating them with a newborn after bathing, you simultaneously moisturize and prevent excessive moisture loss. In a healthy baby, sometimes flaky skin, especially on the palms and feet, milk or lotion will help you cope with this problem.

Body Oil often used for massage. Smear oil on the skin of a newborn after bathing is recommended only if it is prone to dryness.

IMPORTANT! All care products are applied to a dry body.

IMPORTANT! Do not try to treat skin rashes with cosmetics. Behind them may be an allergy or a serious skin disease. For any unusual changes in the skin, show the child to the doctor.

Grandma's funds

Many parents are afraid clean the skin of a newborn after bathing means of children's cosmetics, fearing harmful effects chemical substances that they contain. Then it is worth remembering what our mothers and grandmothers used.

Usage boiled vegetable oil to prevent diaper rash, someone considers it obsolete, but many resort to this proven method of caring for children's skin, believing that vegetable oil without fragrances and any additives will certainly not cause allergies in a child.

How to properly prepare vegetable oil for use after bathing

The choice of unrefined oils today is quite wide. You are free to choose, for example, linen or olive, but traditionally newborns after bathing smeared with sunflower oil. It would be a mistake to calcine the oil in a pan, it should be kept in a water bath for half an hour, after which it is poured into a sterile jar for further use. This tool should be smeared with the folds of the baby.

Useful video

This video will show you how handling a newborn after bathing. See for yourself and gain experience from professionals!

Usually added to a bath for bathing, but in cases of rashes, even allergic ones, you can additionally treat the skin of a newborn with a cotton swab moistened with a decoction of string or chamomile. These herbs cleanse the skin and have a soothing effect.

Potato starch used as a dry powder.

How to dress a newborn after bathing

After you have completed all hygiene procedures, you can put on a diaper, a vest and swaddle your baby. Not all children like to dress up after bathing. Accompany this process affectionate words and strokes, let it become a pleasant part of your daily ritual.

When dressing a child, consider the temperature of the room. Do not wrap your baby warmly if the room is hot.

From about two to three months you can start using towel or diaper for bathing newborns with a hood or corner, and closer to a year - a bathing gown. They are put on immediately after water procedures, and you move on to skin care after the baby is dry enough.

Useful video of Dr. Komarovsky

Doctor Komarovsky will talk about the nuances that he first of all recommends paying attention to when newborn skin care.

Proper care behind the baby's skin is his health and well-being. Everyone's skin is individual, and it is difficult to give one piece of advice for everyone, what creams and powders should be used after bathing. Some lucky ones are suitable for almost any means, someone has to spend money on expensive hypoallergenic ones, and someone successfully uses traditional home remedies. If something does not suit you, do not be discouraged: the choice today is quite large, you can easily find a replacement.

Text: Natalia Sakhnova,

Photo and video: free Internet sources

If you take the minimum - then 2 times a day. However, it is advisable to wash the little one every time you change a diaper. After birth, you need to wash your baby up to 8-9 times a day

When performing work, special attention is paid to the folds, as it is possible to infect the urinary tract.

Pediatricians advise washing with plain water. And only when the parents with the baby are on the road, that is, outside the home, you can carry out a wet wipe with the help of special wipes, which were made using soft material that does not leave lint on the skin. The lotion used for cleansing must be alcohol-free.

Washing a newborn girl

You can learn how to properly wash a newborn girl from special literature, from videos, where highly qualified pediatricians, neonatologists and, of course, a newborn child play the main role.

In a newborn girl in the area of ​​the labia, you can notice the accumulation of the original lubricant. Know it needs to be removed. To do this, just take a cotton swab and wipe all intimate areas with gentle touches. Delicate care behind the children's genitals allows you to support correct formation reproductive system.

Negligent and inattentive attitude to hygiene issues can lead to fusion of the labia minora in a girl. Only experienced surgeons can restore them to their original structure.

• The water jet must be directed from front to back. This rule helps to prevent infection from anus into the vagina.
• After washing, dry your intimate areas with a towel.
• Wait a while for the baby's skin to dry.
• Put on a clean diaper.

The concept of hygiene for the oral cavity of a newborn

Care is needed not only for teeth. The mouth also contains the tongue and cheeks, which can accumulate on their surface a large number of microbes and food debris. Such components violate the acid-base balance of this environment. Timely hygiene will help prevent the development of the situation in a negative way. The procedure must be performed twice a day. Thanks to this, it will be possible to minimize the likelihood of stomatitis, thrush and other dangerous manifestations. In the future, the child is guaranteed not to have caries.

Mom needs to know how to properly care for the mouth of a newborn baby. Today, almost all parents use the old proven method. However, in the arsenal there may also be modern devices that will significantly speed up this process. For example, in a pharmacy you can buy special preparations that are designed to care for the baby's mouth immediately after birth. Means include special wipes, pastes and other accessories. Remember that it is allowed to buy only those drugs that are completely composed of natural ingredients. They should not only clean well, but also not harm the health of the baby in infancy. Sanitary napkins are very popular among parents from all over the world. They are shaped like a fingertip, so they are easy to use.

Healthy teeth are not only part of the aesthetic beauty of a person. They represent good health. The incisors are an indicator of proper nutrition and personal hygiene. The child is even early age must visit the dentist regularly

At home, it is important to brush your teeth every day with a brush and paste. If necessary, a special thread can also be used.

Thereby simple process You will be able to maintain a great smile until old age.

Basic Rules

Procedure intimate hygiene for an infant girl, the technology differs from a similar procedure for a boy. And this is obvious. The significant difference is due to the fundamental difference in the structure of the organs of the reproductive system. But there are a number of general rules for care, regardless of the sexual predisposition of the crumbs.

These rules are simply vital to know for all parents, future and present.

1. Change of diapers. A disposable diaper should be changed after every bowel movement. In terms of time, this is (at best) every three or four hours. After each bowel movement, changing a diaper or diaper, the child must be washed away clean water. In the first days of life - only boiled.
2. Washing during the day. Washing the baby under running water after each removal and change of the diaper is not at all necessary if the contamination is insignificant. It is enough to wipe the skin areas with children's wet wipes, cotton pads, cotton swabs, after wetting them in warm boiled water. All movements must be carried out in the direction from front to back.
3. Hygiene rules for adults. A person carrying out the procedure for caring for children's intimate areas, before washing a newborn girl or boy, must wash their hands using soap or gel.
4. Washing a baby. If washing is carried out under a stream of warm running water, then the child should be placed on your arm with his tummy down, on his back or side so that his head touches your elbow. It is very important that the body of the baby is fixed. To do this, it is necessary for parents or the one who washes him to hold the baby by his hips or buttocks. And with the second, free hand, rinse the genitals with gentle tangential movements.
   If the cleansing of the skin from minor impurities occurs with cotton pads or wet wipes, then it is enough to lay the child with his back on the changing table.
5. Water temperature. It is very important that the water with which the child is washed is not too cold or too hot. The optimum temperature is 36 degrees. If there is no special thermometer, then an old but proven one will help in this situation. folk way. Dip your elbow in the water that is meant to wash the baby. If you do not experience any sensations, the water is ready for use.
6. baby soap, towel and sponge. Soap can be used to wash the baby, but on condition that the contamination on the body is significant, for example, after a bowel movement. If it's just a diaper change, it's best to limit the use of detergent. You should also pay attention that soap should not contain cosmetic fragrances. It is desirable that it be "childish". Towel, soap, sponge for washing the body must be for individual use.

If soap was used when washing the baby, after the procedure it must be thoroughly washed off from the children's skin.

Pay special attention to the folds. Sometimes the remnants of the soap solution can provoke allergic reactions, irritate the delicate children's epidermis, or lead to a cosmetic burn.

It is important to know! Constant use of soap harms children's delicate skin. The gel does the same. Pediatricians recommend for frequent use ordinary running water.

If feces have dried to the skin of the baby, it is necessary to prepare a compress from heated baby oil. Apply warm oil to the baby's skin and gently wipe off impurities with cotton pads or swabs.

Care in the first month of life

follow oral cavity needed much earlier than the first teeth appear in it. Thanks to this, it will be possible to avoid their early blackening in the future. Although milk teeth will fall out later, neglecting their cleaning is considered unacceptable. In this case, the risk increases that the root version of the incisors will begin to grow immediately with defects. Hygiene is also essential to keep breath fresh. In this case, the teeth are guaranteed to be less prone to the formation of dangerous plaque and caries on their surface. Until quite recently, it was believed that the cleaning procedure can begin at the age of seven. However, modern dentists warn parents about the need to care for the child's cavity immediately after birth.

Infants are at an increased risk of developing thrush. The disease develops against the background of the accumulation of a large amount of harmful fungus. This is the first signal that it is time to pay more attention to this area. Otherwise, in the future, the baby may suffer from the consequences of complications.

Special tip for cleaning teeth

Procedure algorithm

The first steps in the baby washing process are identical for both girls and boys.

• Wash your hands first.
• Take the baby and put him on the changing table
• Remove the diaper, gently removing the remaining feces from the skin with a tissue. Wait a minute or two. Usually the baby immediately begins to write.
• Take the baby in your arms so that the head is on your elbows, and the back touches the place along the arm.
• Fix the leg along the child's thigh with your fingers, holding the baby's ass with the other hand.

It is these actions that a parent should carry out when washing a newborn child, regardless of gender. Further, the difference in the conduct of the washing process depends on the structure of the genital organs. It is this difference that dictates the rules.

Basic rules for washing the baby

Washing a newborn baby begins with preparation for the procedure. Mom should wash her hands with soap and water, preferably warm water, so that contact with the baby's skin does not cause discomfort, and put the newborn baby on the changing table. The baby needs to take off the diaper.

Algorithm for washing a newborn:

1. After the diaper is removed, the baby's bottom must be cleaned of feces.
2. Then you should take the baby in your arms so that his face is turned up, that is, the back should lie along the mother's arm, and the head should be placed approximately in the elbow area.
3. It is necessary to fix the leg of the little one along the thigh, and hold the ass with your free hand.

Such manipulations should be carried out when washing young children, regardless of gender. And then it is necessary to observe the features of washing girls and boys.

When changing diapers

When changing a diaper, it is important to properly treat intimate areas:

1. First you need to clean the cleanest skin, then gradually move to places that require thorough cleansing.
2. When washing boys, special attention should be paid to the penis, scrotum and the area around the anus. You can wash in any direction.
3. In girls, the outer folds and perineum are cleaned first, then the buttocks. It is important to wash from front to back so that the remains of feces do not get into the intimate area.

At the end of washing, it is recommended to give the baby's skin a little rest, and only then put on another diaper. If redness is noticeable on the skin, it is important to treat the damaged areas with special products and apply powder.

Before bedtime

Before putting the child to sleep, it is important to carry out a hygienic washing procedure. It is necessary. The technique is similar to regular washing, only this should be done after feeding. The clean skin of the child will avoid discomfort, and the baby will sleep soundly, nothing will bother him.

How to wash a child in the hospital?

It is also desirable to wash the little peanut in the maternity hospital under the tap, with warm water, using cosmetics no more than 1-2 times a day. If soap is used more often, it can dry out the baby's skin. If the maternity hospital does not have such an opportunity, you can use sanitary napkins.

morning toilet

This compulsory procedure, which is recommended to be carried out every day after your baby wakes up. Before treating a newborn, you need to prepare everything necessary for the procedure in advance so that later you do not leave the baby alone unattended. It is necessary to undress the baby and fully examine him. A daily examination will help to detect any external changes in the child in a timely manner and tell your pediatrician about it in time.

• Eyes - it is necessary to start the morning toilet by wiping the eyes and face with a damp swab dipped in boiled water. The eyes are washed individually with two sterile swabs from the outer edge towards the bridge of the nose. It is recommended to use a different swab to wipe the face.
• Folds - then cervical, axillary and inguinal folds are processed with special lotions or baby wipes. If these funds are not at hand, then you can perform the procedure with an ordinary cotton swab and boiled water.
• Spout - should be cleaned with pre-prepared cotton flagella made of sterile cotton wool. They are applied to them Vaseline oil, after which they gently turn around the axis in the nasal passages.
• Ears - should also be wiped with cotton flagella, only dry. It is not recommended to use hard sticks and cotton wool wrapped around matches, as they can damage the delicate mucous membrane of your child.
• Mouth - a healthy oral cavity is usually not processed, it is enough just to examine it. To do this, gently press your chin with your fingers and gently pull it down. A clean, pink and moist mucous membrane indicates that the child is healthy. Whitish plaque - indicates the presence of thrush, as well as the need to consult a doctor.
• When carrying out the morning toilet, remember that your baby has very delicate and sensitive skin, and that is why any hygiene measures must be carried out very carefully and carefully to avoid any damage.

With an extract from the hospital, new parents take care of the baby. The main goals of hygiene of the child is to maintain the cleanliness of the skin, its sufficient moisture. Thanks to this, the skin is cleansed of impurities and waste products of sebaceous and sweat glands. With special care, it is necessary to monitor the folds of the baby's skin and process them. But inexperienced moms and dads may have a question about how to wipe the folds of a newborn and how to do it right.

Wrinkle care for babies

The inguinal and knee folds of the crumbs require care. Mandatory is daily morning and evening bathing in boiled water. Once a week, the baby is washed with baby soap. After washing delicate skin babies need to be dried with gentle blotting movements with a diaper or towel made of soft tissue. This is followed by the treatment of folds in newborns.

How to treat the folds of a newborn?

Previously, our mothers and grandmothers sprinkled the folds of children with talc or starch. But for a baby, a moisturizer is better, because its delicate and fragile skin in a state of dryness is easily damaged and open to infection. How to lubricate the folds of a newborn? Boiled refined oil, vaseline oil, in general, any baby oil, is suitable for this. The main thing is that the product does not cause an allergic reaction. Moisten the important disc with oil and gently treat the newborn's knee and groin creases.

Symmetry of the folds in newborns

Each mother needs to carefully examine how evenly the folds are located on the hips and buttocks of the baby. The fact is that asymmetrical folds in a child may indicate dysplasia - a congenital underdevelopment of the hip joints. To reveal this, lay the baby on his stomach and straighten his legs. The asymmetry of the folds in a newborn should alert parents. Especially if it is accompanied by different leg lengths, limited abduction of the hips and a click emitted at the same time. Sometimes the asymmetry of the folds is a consequence of the tone of one of the legs. At the same time, uneven folds do not always indicate pathology: in some children, diseases of the musculoskeletal system are not detected. In any case, you should make an appointment with an orthopedist. If this defect is not detected in time, the child will not only limp, his abilities may be limited. The specialist will examine the child and, if necessary, refer him for an ultrasound or x-ray.

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What to do, if

Sometimes force majeure circumstances lead to the fact that there is no running water in the house. What to do? Stop worries and panic. Nothing bad will happen if you use cotton pads, swabs or wet wipes. The only condition is that they must be moistened in boiled water or lotion.

• Wipe the penis first, then the testicles, and finally the folds between the legs.
• Then lift the boy's legs and wipe the entire area around the buttocks.

In order for children's butts to always remain tender, soft and ruddy, parents must follow a number of rules for hygiene and caring for a newborn. By following the tips and tricks, you will give your child a healthy and comfortable childhood.

10 questions about baby hygiene

When a baby is born, every mother asks a lot of questions. Childcare seems like a real challenge. In this article, we will try to answer the main questions about the hygiene of the child that worry young parents.

If the baby was born healthy, then this procedure can be started from the second day. But be careful not to get water on the umbilical wound, which has not yet healed. If, despite all your efforts, this happens, be sure to dry it and treat it with hydrogen peroxide.

What areas of your baby's skin are most prone to irritation?

These are folds of skin and neck. It accumulates sweat, milk, which can burp the baby, exfoliated particles of the epidermis. With improper care for such places, diaper rash may appear. To prevent this from happening, every time you bathe, thoroughly pat them dry with a towel and lubricate the skin with baby cream.

How often should a newborn be bathed?

Daily. The baby periodically spits up, sweats, soils the diaper, so daily bathing is very important. But do not forget that water dries out the skin of the child and washes away the protective layer of fat from it, so limit the time of water procedures.

Where is it better to soap a child - on a special table or in a bath?

Both options will work. The main thing is that parents feel confident and comfortable. If you are soaping a child on a table, do not forget that the room must be warm so that the baby does not freeze.

Daily. A newborn baby spends a lot of time in lying position. His head often sweats, the baby sometimes burps, and milk can dry out in his hair, so you need to wash your hair every day. You can use special shampoos "without tears" (1-2 times a week) or baby soap, but they must be thoroughly washed off so that the child's scalp does not dry out and there is no irritation.

Is it possible to soap a child with a washcloth?

You can, but keep in mind that the baby should have a personal washcloth that no one else will use. After bathing, it must be thoroughly washed and rinsed so that it does not become a carrier of bacteria and fungi that can cause skin diseases. Washcloths that are made of fabric need to be boiled sometimes

Particular attention should be paid to the rugs that you put on the bottom of the bathroom (so that the baby does not slip). They need to be washed as often as possible with soap and then poured with boiling water.

If they appear on the mat dark spots, it must be discarded immediately.

Should I lubricate the skin of the crumbs with oil after bathing?

It depends on the condition of the child's skin. If it is dry and flaky, it needs to be moisturized. In the first month of a baby's life, it is better to use baby oil or baby cream. Later, you can replace them with baby moisturizing balms, which are quickly absorbed and perfectly protect the baby's skin.

Which better diapers for a newborn: disposable or gauze?

Of course, disposables would be better. They perfectly absorb moisture, and the child's skin remains dry and clean. But don't forget that disposable diapers should be changed frequently (at least once every 3 hours).

Should I lubricate the baby's face with cream?

Look at the skin, if it is healthy and hydrated, then you do not need any creams. If the child has symptoms of allergies or skin diseases, contact a pediatrician or dermatologist, they will definitely advise special remedies (ointments or creams).

Daily. Combing improves blood circulation in the scalp and strengthens the hair follicles. Try to pick up a brush made of soft natural bristles for your child, then his hair will not be electrified.

Nuances in hygiene procedures

Washing of newborn boys and girls is different due to the structural features of the genital organs.

Washing up the boy

After completing the procedure, the boy should not immediately put on diapers, it is necessary to let the body breathe a little - take a break for 30 minutes.

Subtleties of intimate hygiene

When caring for the genitals of boys, you need to know the features. The head of the penis, covered from above by the foreskin, is a special, tender place, which, when washed, should be given more attention.

The main stages of the procedure

Washing a little boy is carried out according to this plan:

1. First, it is recommended to lay the son on his arm so that his face looks down. In this position, it is necessary to thoroughly wash the baby's ass.
2. At the next stage, you will need to turn the little one on its back and wash the penis and scrotum under running water.

It is important to follow the sequence of actions so as not to infect the baby's genitals. . What to do with the foreskin

What to do with the foreskin

The foreskin that covers the penis is not recommended to be pulled back during washing up to the time until the little one is 1 year old.

1. However, despite the prohibition of pulling the foreskin, the mother needs to know that white flakes - smegma - constantly accumulate in the bag. They are formed due to the secretion of the sebaceous glands. It is recommended to remove this smegma during the evening washing of the boy. Don't do this often, only when necessary.
2. Remove smegma carefully by moistening the index and thumb in vegetable oil, pushing the skin of the foreskin with them, remove the smegma with the help of a disk, also dipped in boiled vegetable oil.
3. After the end of the manipulations, it is necessary to release the foreskin, and moisten the head of the penis with a drop of oil.
4. Many parents make the mistake of pulling the foreskin as far as possible while washing. This should not be done, because when moving, white flakes rise up on their own, and they can be easily removed with a cotton pad.

On a note! When removing white flakes, it is important to use a material that does not leave lint behind. The fact is that later these villi will lead to rashes, and the baby will experience discomfort.

For a newborn girl

The intimate organs of a girl who has just been born are still deprived of natural protection - the hymen. It is just beginning to form, therefore, when washing, water should be directed from front to back. If this rule is not observed, feces that have entered the vagina will contribute to the development of inflammatory processes.

Features of the physiology of the girl

With each washing of girls, it is necessary to remove pleural lubrication in the area of ​​the labia. The “delicate place” should be wiped with a cotton swab, and this should be done very carefully. If the technique is not followed in the future, you can get such a problem as the fusion of the labia minora, it will be possible to get rid of it only with the help of surgical intervention.

What means to use

To cleanse the skin in the intimate area, pediatricians recommend baby soap or other care products for little peanuts. Any remedy should only be used to treat the outer surface of the labia.

Skin features

When the baby is born, his skin is covered with a layer of cheese-like lubricant. This lubricant acts as a barrier, because in the mother's tummy the baby was surrounded amniotic fluid. In the old days, this lubricant was washed off immediately after birth, now it is believed that it should be absorbed into the skin.

When the issue with lubrication on the skin is leveled, the mother may notice that the baby's skin is too red. It's perfect normal phenomenon. Firstly, in the blood of a newborn child, erythrocytes are contained in an increased amount. Secondly, the layer of subcutaneous fat in the crumbs is still very poorly developed, which means that blood vessels are very close to the skin, and they are clearly visible. In addition to a red tint, a vascular pattern may simply appear on the skin.

The weak development of the subcutaneous fat layer "rewards" the baby's skin with another feature. Newborn babies are easily supercooled and freeze. At the same time, a "marble" pattern appears on the skin.

All mothers note that the skin of a newborn baby is very soft and velvety to the touch. The baby lanugo fluff, which covers the shoulders, back, and sometimes the hips of the baby, gives a special velvety to the skin. However, already on the 2-3rd day of life, the baby's skin becomes dry and begins to peel off. Thus, the adaptation of the skin to the air after the water environment is manifested. The work of the sebaceous glands has not yet been established, so the skin is deprived of a protective lipid film that helps retain moisture. Most often, the skin of the extremities is shelled: palms and heels.

Often on the skin of a newborn, you can notice different rashes. Small white dots resembling pimples are milia, sebaceous cysts. They are completely safe, appear in the process of establishing the work of the sebaceous glands and disappear without a trace without any intervention. Red, inflamed pimples, which are sometimes called “blooms”, are the result of hormonal changes. After physical separation from the mother's body, the baby's body begins to produce its own hormones, which naturally affects external state skin.

To know about pimples on the face of the baby >>>

It turns out that most of the alarming symptoms are phenomena that are completely normal for a newborn child. The older your little one gets, the more his skin becomes like that of an adult and appearance, and how they function.

newborn oral care

It would seem, why take care of the baby's mouth if he has no teeth yet and he eats nothing but mother's milk. It is not necessary to wipe the newborn's mouth daily, but the condition of the oral cavity should be monitored daily.

The fact is that during regurgitation and feeding milk, residues can accumulate on the tongue and inner cheeks of the child, which will provoke a white coating - fungus of the genus Candida. This fungus can create discomfort in the baby during feeding and even cause intestinal dysbacteriosis. If plaque appears, you should consult with your pediatrician.

Important! To prevent thrush in the mouth of a newborn, it is necessary to carry out elementary hygiene procedures: wash the chest before feeding, disinfect all toys and objects that the child takes into his mouth.

If a white coating appears, the baby should be cleaned at least three times a day. To do this, you can use special drugs recommended by a doctor or soda solution(1 teaspoon of soda per 250 ml of warm boiled water).

Wrap your little finger with two layers of bandage and soak it in the solution of your choice, then, without too much pressure, wipe the baby's mouth. The course of treatment is usually 5-10 days, depending on the strength of the attack. All daily hygiene procedures take a little time, but allow the child to explore the world around him with a sense of comfort.

Proper care of the newborn's oral cavity, skin and mucous membranes of the nose- excellent prevention of many ailments. How to properly clean the nose and what tools are needed for this, you can see in the following video:

Skin wrinkle care

To treat skin folds, baby or vaseline oil is used. Ready-made baby wipes impregnated with oil are quite convenient. Oil can be moistened with a cotton pad, or you can simply apply it on your palms.

Important! Do not use oil and powder at the same time, because the powder in this case will roll into lumps, which can cause skin irritation and diaper rash.

First, lubricate the folds of the upper half of the body (from top to bottom) - behind the ear, neck, axillary, elbow, wrist. Then, with another swab, the folds of the lower half of the body (from bottom to top) - ankle, popliteal, inguinal, buttocks.

Now, so that the baby does not look like an oil donut, excess oil from the skin must be removed with a dry cotton pad.

Preparation for manipulation

3. Performing manipulation:4. Completion of the manipulation:

We wash a newborn boy

In order not to violate the laws of nature and not cause significant harm to the development of the genital organs of the future man, it is very important to know how to properly wash a newborn boy. . It is forbidden for a newborn boy to pull back the skin to open the head

1. It is forbidden for a newborn boy to pull back the skin to open the head. Urologists recommend not touching the flesh at all during the first year. She is so gentle and delicate that her care must be very careful.
2. It is necessary to wash the boy so that the stream of running water is directed from front to back. Thoroughly rinse the penis, scrotum without touching the foreskin.
3. When the skin of the crumbs is absolutely clean, you should dry it with a towel and put on a diaper.

Breast care products

To process the folds of a newborn, natural ingredients or special cosmetics are used:

1. Oils. You can use sterilized sunflower oil, olive or children's series of leading cosmetic companies. The most famous and proven over the years of practical application is Johnsons Baby. It is most acceptable to treat the folds with oil. It perfectly moisturizes, has no fragrances and consists of natural ingredients to the maximum.
2. Cream. Best to apply medical creams for newborn skin care: diaper cream or Bepanten. Bepanten is more practical, as it relieves inflammation, is suitable for the treatment of any skin diseases of the baby and is used for reddening of the skin throughout the body. These creams are appropriate to use for treatment, not prevention.
3. Decoctions of herbs. The skin of a newborn is very delicate, sensitive and vulnerable. When washing the folds, it is advisable to use decoctions of antiseptics. The most famous is chamomile. Universal remedy, mild impact, does not cause allergies. You can pick up 3-4 types of anti-inflammatory and antiseptic plants, make tea leaves from them and wipe problem areas - bathing infants in herbs.
4. Soap. It is impossible to overdry the skin of a newborn, but it is also necessary to disinfect the places of potential residence of microbes. It's warm and humid in the folds, and this ideal conditions for life and reproduction of various sores. Therefore, when bathing in the evening, it is recommended to wash areas with folds with soap. It is not necessary to lather the whole child. Soap can be baby, household (brown) or based on natural ingredients. Some companies produce a line of cosmetic soaps using herbs. They do not dry the skin so much and have an additional therapeutic effect, but you need to be careful with them - they can cause allergies.
5. "Washcloth". In no case is any of the modern washcloths used on the baby. All of them contain artificial elements and severely injure delicate skin. The first month, it should be replaced by a soft cotton cloth. Donate an old pillowcase or bed sheet. The material should be shabby and very soft.
6. Talc. Baby powder is relevant in rare cases, since it is undesirable to dry the baby's skin.

How to wash a newborn baby

Why and why? The skin of babies is much more delicate than that of adults, irritation and diaper rash occur very easily, so you need to wash the child every time after he had a stool. In addition, keeping the skin clean helps your baby develop the first skills of neatness.

If you are away from home, you can use special baby wipes instead of washing, but you should not completely replace washing with such a simplified skin treatment.

Little trick. Babies tend to have a habit of having a bowel movement after or during each feed. From this follows the conclusion that washing before eating is a thankless task.

• First of all, you need to roll up your sleeves, remove rings, watches from your hands, adjust the temperature and pressure of running water. Prepare a thin diaper to dry your skin after washing. Very convenient to just hang it on your shoulder will always be at hand.
• Unwrap the baby, remove the diaper from him.
• It is more convenient to hold the child with the left hand, and wash with the right.
• The boy is held face down when washing. Take the child so that he lies across your forearm with your chest, while you hold his shoulder with the fingers of your left hand. Oddly enough, but hanging in this position, the baby does not experience the slightest inconvenience.
• The girl needs to be washed only from front to back, so as not to contaminate the genitals. Place the child on his back on the forearm of your hand, so that the head is in the elbow bend, and with your fingers you will hold her left thigh. This position allows you to securely hold the baby, and leaves you complete “freedom of action”.
• Wash your child by taking water into the palm of your hand, gently moving from top to bottom, carefully removing impurities from the skin. It is especially important to wash all skin folds where dirt can accumulate and cause irritation. Do not use soap unless absolutely necessary; washing with soap once a week is sufficient.
• Washing the girl, you do not need to "rub" the genitals, as the mucous membrane is very delicate. In addition, washing too vigorously removes the protective lubricant that keeps germs out of the genitals.
• Dry your baby's skin after washing. First, wrap the diaper over the baby's lower body and transfer him to the changing table. Then carefully blot the genitals, inguinal, gluteal and popliteal folds.
• If necessary (presence of irritation), treat the skin folds with a small amount of baby oil.
• Your baby is happy with life again. Now it would be nice to “ventilate the ass” for 5-10 minutes before putting on a new diaper.

Performing a manipulation

• Moisten a cotton swab with 3% hydrogen peroxide solution
  

• Carefully push the edges of the umbilical wound with the index and thumbs left hand.
• Remove the contents from the umbilical wound with a sterile cotton swab.
• Treat the umbilical wound with a sterile stick with cotton dipped in 1% alcohol solution brilliant green in a circular motion from the center to the periphery
• Make sure the patient is comfortable

4. Completion of the manipulation

• Wash and dry your hands

4. NEWBORN BABY SWEDNING TECHNIQUE1. Manipulation equipment:

2. Preparation for manipulation:

3. Performing manipulation:4. Completion of the manipulation:5. TECHNIQUE FOR MEASURING HEIGHT IN CHILDREN UNDER ONE YEAR1. Manipulation equipment:

2. Preparation for manipulation:

3. Performing manipulation:

1. Cover the horizontal stadiometer with a clean diaper so that

4. Completion of the manipulation:6. BABY WASHING TECHNIQUE1. Manipulation equipment:

2. Preparation for manipulation:

1. Adjust the temperature of the water in the faucet
2. Perform hand hygiene, wear gloves
3. Explain to mom the course of manipulation, get consent

3. Performing manipulation:4. Completion of the manipulation:7. TECHNIQUE FOR WEIGHING CHILDREN UNDER ONE YEAR1. Manipulation equipment:

2. Preparation for manipulation:

3. Performing manipulation:

1. Place your child on the scale with their head towards the widest part of the scale.
2. open shutter
3. Balance the scales with weights
4. close shutter

4. Completion of the manipulation:8. TECHNIQUE OF HYGIENIC BATH OF A NEWBORN

AT HOME

1. Manipulation equipment:

2. Preparation for manipulation:

3. Performing manipulation:4. Completion of the manipulation: O 9. BOWL FEEDING TECHNIQUE1. Manipulation equipment:

2. Preparation for manipulation:

3. Performing manipulation:4. Completion of the manipulation:10. TECHNIQUE OF APPLICATION OF THE CHILD TO THE BREASTAT HOME1. Manipulation equipment:

2. Preparation for manipulation:

3. Performing manipulation:4. Completion of the manipulation:11. PATRONAGE OF THE NURSE TO THE CHILD

12. PRENATAL CARE

The paramedic must know:

1. First prenatal care must be carried out no later than 7 days from the date of registration of a pregnant woman. Second prenatal care carried out to a pregnant woman at a period of 32-34 weeks. Third prenatal care- to women high group risk at 38-39 weeks. Socio-medical patronage is carried out for pregnant women of high social risk. Every week, the paramedic must report to the Central District Hospital about the results of prenatal patronage.
2. Perinatal risk factors for the fetus:
   • Burdened obstetric and gynecological history,
   • Extragenital pathology of pregnant women,
   • Complications in the state of intrauterine development of the fetus,
   • Pathology in childbirth
   • Socio-biological risk factors.

• high,
• average,
• short.

1. Pregnancy risk groups:

1. - the risk of increased incidence of acute respiratory viral infections and health disorders during the period of adaptation,
2. - risk of CNS pathology
3. - the risk of rickets, anemia, dystrophy,
4. - the risk of purulent-septic diseases in the neonatal period,
5. - risk birth defects development of organs and systems,
6. - risk allergic diseases,
7. - children from disadvantaged microsocial conditions.

1. Prenatal diagnosis of congenital and hereditary pathology:

• Ultrasound at 16-18 weeks And 24-26 weeks
• Screening of maternal serum factors (determination of alphafetoprotein, choriogonin),
• Medical genetic counseling.

Preventive prenatal measures when a risk to the fetus is detected in a pregnant woman.

Hygienic basics of nutrition and regimen of pregnant women.

Oral cleansing technique

Most of the dirt is always on the back of the gums. This is the area where parents should clean most diligently. It is enough to make light movements in different directions.

To clean the outer part of the gums, mommy places her finger at an angle. Movements should also continue to be made in forward mode.

It is also important to pay attention to the chewing surface. All teeth will be located on it in the future.

The tip of your finger should also be passed over the tongue and reverse side cheeks Thanks to this, it will be possible to eliminate almost all harmful bacteria.

When the baby's first teeth appear, the area between them will have to be additionally cleaned with dental floss. Up to four years, all manipulations are allowed to be performed only by parents. Otherwise, the risk of gum injury increases.

Toothbrush for milk teeth

Trimming nails

The nails of a newborn child need to be trimmed as they grow on the arms and legs so that the baby does not scratch himself. Convenient and safe special children's scissors with rounded ends.

Little trick. Many mothers are frightened by the mere thought that they will have to cut their nails on such tiny fingers that are constantly in motion. Therefore, everyone will be calmer if you do this “fine work when the baby is sleeping.

Hold the child's hand so that only one finger remains free, on which you are going to cut the nail. Grab the finger with the thumb and forefinger of your left hand, holding it from both sides, and with the rest of the fingers of your left hand you can hold the other fingers of the child.

Nails on the hands are cut in the form of a semicircle, on the legs - in a straight line, in order to avoid such trouble as ingrown nails in the future. You need to trim your nails with continuous movements of scissors, and not “in pieces”. Please check if there are any protruding sharp parts on the nails.

Do not forget to carefully collect the trimmed nails so that they, lost in the folds of clothes and underwear, do not injure the baby's skin.

Newborn nose care

Babies breathe through their nose during feeding, therefore, if congestion or accumulation of dry crusts occurs, the child not only becomes difficult to breathe, but also eat

Newly-made mothers need to pay special attention to the condition of the baby's nose after spitting up, because part of the milk can get into the nasopharynx, make breathing difficult and contribute to the development of bacteria. For the comfort of the crumbs, hygiene procedures should be carried out at least once a day.

To clean the nasal passages, it is allowed to use special solutions.

• Saline. You can buy it at a pharmacy for a small price, and its quantity will last for a long time. The saline contains water and sodium chloride.
• saline solution. Budget option for saline solution. One liter of warm purified water requires one teaspoon of salt. Salt should be free of impurities and completely dissolved.
• Various types of sea water sprays. In pharmacies, there are a large number of options for sprays and drops: aquamaris, aqualor, morenazal.

In order to clean the baby's nose, you must:

• put the child in a horizontal position or hold it in your arms and tilt your head slightly back;
• drip two drops of one of the above solutions into each nasal passage and wait at least a minute. The mucous membrane will be moistened and the crusts will soften;
• take a pre-prepared cotton wool(twisted cotton flagellum), insert no more than 1.5 cm into the spout and gently scroll. For each nasal passage, make a separate turunda.

Newborn nose care must include control of the humidity in the room. If the air is very dry, then crusts can often form in the nose. To avoid this, after cleaning it is desirable lubricate the nose with a couple of drops peach oil applied to the turunda. In situations where the child has severe nasal congestion, special nasal aspirators that gently remove excess mucus.

Before using the aspirator all parts of the device must be doused with boiling water. Before inserting the nozzle into a child's nostril, test the suction strength on your hand. This will help to avoid strong pressure on the mucous membrane. You need to insert the nozzle not vertically, but at an angle, pointing the tip towards the back wall of the nasopharynx.

Advice! Pull out the snot slowly, inhaling calmly and trying to get into the rhythm of the baby's breathing: your breath together with his exhalation.

In order for the child not to have a stuffy nose and crusts do not appear, you need to follow the elementary rules:

• monitor the level of humidity in the room, too dry and hot air contributes to crusts, and very humid air leads to a physiological runny nose;
• carry out wet cleaning to remove dust;
• walk more often and ventilate the room.

Bathing a newborn

Why and why? Bathing a newborn (hygienic bath) is carried out for all healthy children after the umbilical residue has fallen off. Before the umbilical wound heals, it is recommended to bathe the baby in boiled water or in running water, but a solution of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) must be added to it.

Until your baby is six months old, it is advisable to bathe him daily; in the second half of life, you can do this every other day. As a rule, children really like to swim, because before birth, water was their native element. In the water, the muscles relax, the child is comfortable and calm. The duration of bathing in the first year of life is 5-10 minutes. Washing with soap is carried out no more than once a week. It is advisable to bathe the child no earlier than an hour after feeding, best of all - 10-15 minutes before evening feeding.

It is more convenient to bathe a newborn child together, most often the father is called to help, and in many families bathing a baby is exclusively father's “honorary mission”. Large and reliable male hands with amazing tenderness hold the tiny body of the baby, which contributes to the birth and development of close contact between the child and the father, who at these moments feels very necessary. But if you have to do without an assistant - do not worry, you will do fine on your own.

Important! If the baby is unwell, has a fever or signs of skin irritation, it is better to postpone bathing until consulting a pediatrician.

You will need: a baby bath, a jug of warm water for rinsing the baby, a special water thermometer, baby soap, a terry “mitten”, a large terry towel, a diaper, baby oil, a changing table with prepared clothes for the baby, cotton buds with restraints or cotton swabs.

If the umbilical wound has not yet healed, prepare two containers with cold and hot boiled water or a solution of potassium permanganate to add to running water. A solution of potassium permanganate should be added to the water "drop by drop" until the water turns a slightly pink color. Before using potassium permanganate, make sure that the crystals are completely dissolved, as contact with a potassium permanganate crystal on the skin can cause a burn.

The air temperature in the room while bathing the child should be 22-24 degrees. You can bathe your baby in the bathroom, if it is spacious enough, or in the kitchen.

• First of all, you need to prepare a bath - wash with a brush with soap and rinse with boiling water. Place the bath in a stable comfortable position and fill it ½ full with water. First pour cold and then hot water to avoid steam formation. Now you need to immerse the thermometer in water. The temperature of the water in the bath should be 37-37.5 degrees. You can measure the temperature of the water with your elbow only if you have sufficient experience; a thermometer is always more reliable.
• On the changing table, lay out the clothes for the baby, lay a towel on top, put a diaper on it for wiping. However, the diaper can be placed near the bath to make it more convenient for you to take it.
• Undress the child, if necessary - wash. Take the baby so that the head lies on the forearm of your left hand, and with your fingers hold the left shoulder joint of the child (the thumb wraps around the shoulder from above, place the other fingers in the armpit). Use your right hand to support the baby's buttocks and legs.
• Slowly immerse the child in the bath: first the buttocks, then the legs and torso. With your left hand, continue to support the baby's head, the right hand is free to wash. The water level should reach the baby to the armpits.
• Swing the child on the water back and forth, left and right. Your movements should be smooth, unhurried. Smile at your baby and talk to him gently.
• If it is supposed to wash the child with soap, then the “mitten” is put on the right hand. Lather the body in gentle circular motions and immediately rinse the soapy areas. First, wash your head from the forehead to the back of the head, then the neck, arms, chest, alive, legs. Rinse skin folds thoroughly. Wash your buttocks and genitals last.
• Remove the baby from the water with the back up. Rinse the body and wash the baby's face with water from a pitcher. Put the diaper on the baby, put him on the changing table, dry the skin with gentle blotting movements.
• Dry your ears with cotton buds or cotton swabs.
• Lubricate the skin folds with baby oil. Treat the umbilical wound if necessary.
• Swaddle or dress your baby.

Now for your baby to feel complete happiness, it would be nice to eat and sleep.

Treatment of the genitals

• From the very first days, the genitals of the baby need special, thorough hygiene. In this section, we will analyze how to treat the genitals of a newborn. Up to a year, the genitals must be washed after each diaper change. The procedure is carried out with boiled water, not lower than 37?
• The main purpose of the treatment of the genitals is to remove feces and urine from the skin of the child. As an addition, it is also recommended to wipe the genitals with a damp sanitary napkin. Before using wipes, you need to make sure that your child does not have allergic reactions to the chemicals that make up their composition.
• The washing process is recommended to be done with light movements from front to back. Here there are slight differences in the care of boys and how to handle a newborn girl. For girls, this recommendation is especially important, because it is this direction of movement that helps to avoid microbes entering the vagina and developing a variety of infections.
• In boys, it is important to ensure that when washing, the foreskin of the penis does not move and the head is not exposed. Only in some cases, the tendency to rashes and infections requires regular treatment with warm water and baby oil with a gentle pushing back of the baby's foreskin.
• After washing, it is necessary to wipe the baby dry, then cover with a towel. When putting on a diaper, make sure that the skin of the perineum is completely dry. Otherwise, a favorable environment created can lead to inflammatory processes and the formation of infections.
• Dry skin can be lubricated with softening baby cosmetics and kept in the fresh air before putting on a diaper or diaper. An important rule, which will provide comfort to the baby, is the timely replacement of diapers, namely at least 7-8 times a day.

The oral cavity must be properly cared for. Thanks to this, it will be possible to stop the development of serious diseases at the first stage of development. Timely cleaning reduces the likelihood of caries, periodontitis and other unpleasant manifestations.

Parents need to teach their children to follow these rules:

• It is important to clean more than just the surface of your teeth. Attention should also be paid to the space between them, tongue and cheeks.
• Fluoride toothpaste has a positive effect.
• In the arsenal of care products in without fail should be mouthwash.
• If the child is already 12 years old, then he should drink water with sufficient fluoride every day.

Parents should not forget that children always adopt their habits. That is why a child should be taught proper oral hygiene from early childhood. The procedure should not cause discomfort.

The task of parents is to turn it into an interesting game and make it as fun as possible. An older child can be allowed to choose all the dental supplies on their own. Thanks to this, the learning process will pass quickly and without unnecessary tantrums.

At the first stage of the process, the child should only brush their teeth with their parents. Only after he performs all the manipulations is guaranteed to be correct, you should entrust him with self-cleaning.

Professional approach

It will come as a surprise to some people, but even an infant sometimes needs specialist advice. There are a number of procedures that can improve the condition of the oral tissue. Thanks to this, it is possible to avoid the development of serious and dangerous health consequences in the future:

• Fissure sealing with special equipment.
• Removal of soft and hard plaque from teeth.
• Application of a special varnish on tooth enamel.

A pediatric dentist should also teach parents how to properly care for the oral cavity of a newborn. It will help you choose the right products for personal hygiene. For example, a brush and paste should be selected depending on the individual characteristics of the child's body. Parents should also heed his basic advice and stick to it in the future.

Properly care for the oral cavity of the child must begin immediately after his birth. Thanks to this, it will be possible to maintain the health of milk teeth, which in turn will become the foundation for molars.

The main task of parents is to give only the best to their children. This is only possible with proper and safe care. Modern means will allow you to cope with this in comfortable conditions that will not negatively affect the psyche of the child.

Crease processing

To keep your baby's skin healthy, you need to bathe him daily, and in hot weather, you can do this twice a day. When bathing a newborn, soap should not be abused (it is optimal to use it once a week). It is better to replace baby soap with milder detergents.

After taking a bath, pat your baby's body dry with a soft towel or diaper, while avoiding rubbing, which can cause skin damage. Then examine all the folds for irritations, diaper rash, allergic reactions, powder and oil residue.

Examine the folds on the neck as the most vulnerable place, pay attention to the place behind the ears, palms, fingers, elbows, armpits, legs, inguinal, gluteal folds and genitals of the newborn - redness often occurs there.

This is best done not only after an evening swim, but also in the morning.

After the examination, it is necessary to process the folds of the newborn, which can be performed by various means:

• The folds are sprinkled with baby powder or, as our ancestors did, with starch.
• lubricate special oil sold in children's stores and pharmacies. Boiled vegetable or vaseline oil is also suitable;
• Many people use baby cream for prophylactic purposes.

What the folds of a baby look like (Photo)

Preference should be given to what is more like a specific problem. For example, if the baby's skin is dry, you will need oil to moisturize it, and if the folds get wet, it is better to sprinkle them and dry them. It is not worth using both oil and powder at the same time, this can provoke an inflammatory process, since when they are mixed, lumps are formed that contribute to diaper rash and irritation.

1. In order to treat the folds of a newborn with oil, it is necessary to moisten a cotton pad and lubricate them sequentially from top to bottom. Pay special attention to the neck, armpits and groin of the baby.
2. For deep skin folds, it is best to use baby powder, the oil in this case can contribute to diaper rash.
3. The cream is used when the child has a pronounced dry skin, but in order to avoid diaper rash, it is not recommended that they smear the folds directly. Cream and oil should not be applied directly to the baby's skin, since a large amount of it can create a film on the surface of the body and adversely affect its condition. Mom must first apply a little cream on her hands, distribute between her palms and then process the wrinkles.

For the health of the skin of a newborn, air baths are necessary. Do not rush to dress the baby immediately after bathing and skin treatment, give him time to lie down without clothes and a diaper.

About folds on the legs in newborns and everything connected with them

Hello friends! It's no secret that folds on the legs of newborns need to be treated, since it is in these places that diaper rash is most often formed, which can cause a lot of inconvenience to newborns.

At the same time, loving mothers always examine the folds of babies and sometimes notice that they are asymmetrical, but do not attach any importance to this. But in vain!

Leg creases in newborns

Quite often, their asymmetry (irregular outlines on the left and right) on the buttocks or on the thigh indicates a dysplastic syndrome, which appears as a result of impaired connective tissue development.

This syndrome is usually manifested by increased joint mobility, combined with weakness of the connective tissue. There is no need to panic, since dysplasia is not a diagnosis, but a condition that can manifest itself in various diseases.

Asymmetric folds on the legs in newborns are not an absolute syndrome and cannot be taken into account without other manifestations, since with dysplasia they occur in 2/3 of patients and can be observed in very healthy children.

If during examination on the buttocks or legs they are located at different levels, then this indicates the presence of one- or two-sided dislocation, since healthy children have deep symmetrical depressions between the trunk and thighs (legs).

In addition to this symptom, the following may indicate dysplasia:

• Limited abduction in the hip joint;
• Clicking or slipping (symptom of Marx-Ortolani), which consists in the fact that during the abduction of the legs there is a click that occurs when the dislocation is reduced and is felt by the hand;
• Shortening of one of the legs, visible to the naked eye;
• Rotation of the lower limb.

If at least one of the symptoms listed above appears, you need to visit an orthopedist, who, if necessary, will prescribe an X-ray examination and objectively assess the condition of the joints.

How to handle the folds of a newborn

It should also be noted that these areas in newborns require careful care, since it is there that diaper rash forms. Also, with the friction that occurs during movement, severe damage to the inflamed skin occurs. At the same time, it is of great importance not how, but how to process the folds of a newborn.

Most often they are treated with sterile vaseline or any hypoallergenic oil for children.

It must be remembered that it is best for children's skin to use oils from natural plant materials, such as peach seed oil or wheat germ.

In order to process you need:

1. Wash the child.
2. Apply a small amount of oil to your hand and warm it slightly.
3. With the help of quick stroking movements, distribute the oil over problem areas.

Creases in babies

In order for the child to feel comfortable, it is necessary to process all the folds in babies:

• On the neck;
• behind the ears;
• Armpits;
• In the elbow bends;
• In the popliteal folds;
• at the ankles;
• On wrists and palms.

After the treatment is completed, you can give the baby a massage and children's gymnastics, which will not only benefit your little one, but also please him.

Be aware that creases in the legs in newborns can indicate diseases of the hip joints, which are best treated in infancy, before the skeleton has had time to fully develop.

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Baby skin care

In order to prevent irritation, redness and minor scratches on the baby’s skin, it is recommended not to wipe the baby’s epidermis after washing, but to touch the body with wet movements with a soft terry towel until the moisture is completely gone.

Attention! Oil and powder cannot be combined. . After washing the baby, it is advisable to treat the baby's skin with either cosmetic oil or baby powder

Under no circumstances should the two be combined. Their practical orientation has a different principle of action: the oil has a moisturizing effect, and the powder has a drying effect.

After washing the baby, it is advisable to treat the baby's skin with either cosmetic oil or baby powder. Under no circumstances should the two be combined. Their practical orientation has a different principle of action: the oil has a moisturizing effect, and the powder has a drying effect.

If the skin of the baby is dry - use oil, if it is prone to diaper rash - choose powder. If you find irritation, prickly heat or diaper rash in the intimate areas of a baby, it is advisable to resort to the help of a special tool - diaper cream.

washing baby

IN
take your right hand
cotton ball
or a napkin pour it over non-sterile
tray solution (distilled
or boiled water).

left
put your hand on the parietal part
heads for
fixation.

Processing
carry out in the following sequence
forehead, cheeks, around the mouth.

At
need to dry the face dry
cotton ball.

Reset
balls in a container for used
material.

Washing away
child

1. Adjust the water temperature to
36-37 about S.

2. Remove soiled clothes from the child.

The position of the child when washing

.
Important to remember! You can not keep
child under running water because of the possible
changes in its temperature. .
3

Execution of a procedure.

3. Execution of a procedure.

Put the child on the left forearm
so that his head rests on his elbow
the crook of the arm of an adult washing
child, face up, and the hand held
child's thigh;

With another hand, soaped with a napkin
move from front to back
washing away;

Throw a towel over the bottom
child's torso;

Dry the child's skin with blotting
movements;

put the child on clean linen;

Using cotton balls or napkins
lubricate inguinal, gluteal, anal
folds with vegetable oil;

Throw the balls into the trash can;

After a few (3-5) minutes swaddle
child;

take off
gloves, wash and dry hands.

What you need to prepare before washing

Before you start cleaning your baby's skin, it is important to prepare the products so that you do not keep the child waiting later and do not run around in search of care items. . Disposable diapers

Disposable diapers

Pampers are designed taking into account the characteristics of the child, exclude contact of the skin of the little one with irritating particles, with water, and prevent chafing. In diapers, the baby feels warm and comfortable.

Wet wipes

Hygiene products are necessary to care for the sensitive skin of an infant, especially when a mother and child travel or are away from home. With their help, you can wipe the baby's skin after bowel movements.

This method of cleaning the skin is very good and fast, but you need to choose a good manufacturer of wipes to be sure that after treatment the baby will not develop skin irritation.

Baby soap

The most common baby skin care product. Parents should know that The best way washing a newborn is cleansing the skin with baby soap, but it should be used no more than 2 times a day, all other times you need to wash it with just clean warm water.

Sterile cotton

Cotton wool is needed to treat rashes on the skin of a child, diaper rash. Cotton wool must be sterile so as not to infect.

Antiseptic solution

At the time of buying antiseptic solution it is important to read the instructions for use and its composition. A solution that does not contain alcohol can be considered good.

baby oil

The tool is used to lubricate the baby's skin, which turned red as a result of wearing diapers. Do not use oil after each wash, it is advisable to alternate the product with powder.

water thermometer

A thermometer is needed to determine the temperature of the water so as not to burn sensitive skin baby or do not wash it with cold water. Many mothers determine the temperature of the water with their hand - tactilely.

Creams and ointments for skin regeneration

As a result of wearing diapers on soft skin the baby appears irritations and rashes, that is, the skin is damaged. To regenerate damaged tissues, mothers use creams and ointments designed to care for the skin of newborns. Creams help cells recover and protect against negative impact external factors.

How to handle wrinkles

Treating the folds of the skin of a newborn is a monotonous procedure, but not complicated:

1. The first thing is swimming. Every day, or rather evening, before going to bed, the baby must be bathed in the bath. After water procedures, the body is washed with crumbs, and then they begin to wash the folding zones. It is necessary to lather the “washcloth” and slowly, gently, without pressing, wipe the folds from the bottom up. It is required to take the head and limbs well to the sides in order to straighten the "accordion". After - rinse thoroughly with water. How to take care of baby's skin.
2. The baby is washed, wrapped in a towel and lies on the couch/bed/changing table. To continue the procedures, you need to dry the body. You can't rub! Up to a month or more, the skin of the child is blotted with a soft towel or a diaper. Now it's the turn of the folds. They are also gently blotted with a cotton cloth. Slowly but surely, the head and limbs are retracted to the sides, and the risk zones are thoroughly dried.
3. Now you can process problem areas. If you need to moisturize - spread the area with oil or cream. Along the way, the rest of the body is also captured. If it is necessary to dry - talc is used.
4. Before lubricating the child with moisturizers, it is recommended to apply air baths. Air will naturally dry problem areas and ventilate them.
5. Processing the folds during the day (in the morning or at lunch) comes down to undressing the newborn child naked and wiping the zones with a "washcloth" dipped in a decoction of herbs or boiled water. If the decoction needs to be diluted, then boiled water only! After the procedure, air baths are also recommended, and after them, treat the folds with oil or cream.

So that the baby does not have any problems in the future, it is necessary to properly handle his navel.

What problems can arise with the skin of a newborn

The skin of a newborn is very delicate and sensitive, so any skin rashes and diseases cause severe discomfort. The child cries, does not sleep and eats poorly, experiencing pain. It is necessary to process folds from the first day of life.

Areas of focus:

• folds on the neck;
• behind the ears, armpits;
• groin area;
• palms;
• elbow and knee joints on the inner fold;
• between fingers and toes.

Treat every crease

In these places, the skin is constantly "accordion". Moisture and microparticles accumulate in the folds during sweating, the natural work of the sebaceous glands, microfiber from clothes, and also after regurgitation, “food” flows behind the neck. Naturally, if delicate skin is not cleansed in time, it begins to get sick. A rash appears, redness, an unpleasant odor, and the child cries, because it hurts.

What are the diseases, and how are they characteristic:

1. Diaper rash. The diagnosis is made with reddening of the skin, the presence of bad smell and whitish clusters in the folds. The skin turns red from pink to bright red. It most often appears on the neck, armpits, in the groin and behind the ears. Treatment requires enhanced hygiene and hydration. Diaper rash tends to develop - the skin becomes saturated red, cracks appear, the affected area hurts and worries the child.
2. Prickly heat. It is characterized by a rash of pimples. Occurs on the neck, armpits, in the groin. For its treatment, it is recommended to use talc to dry the skin, alternating it with anti-inflammatory ointments. Prickly heat is necessarily washed with herbal anti-inflammatory solutions.
3. Dermatitis. Skin allergy to a diaper or diaper. Appears if the child long time was in a wet diaper. Places of defeat - inguinal folds and buttocks. It is treated with Bepanthen, air baths, herbal decoctions and diaper cream containing zinc.

It is impossible to completely prevent the development of skin diseases of this kind, but if hygiene procedures are performed in time, they can be easily stopped at the initial stage.

In addition to drug treatment, you need to pay attention to prevention methods:

• do not overheat the child with excessive clothing - he should not be cold, he should not sweat and overheat;
• take air baths;
• regularly bathe the newborn and wash all the folds;
• use moisturizers every day;
• clothing that touches the body must be sewn with the seams outward;
• monitor the fullness of the diaper;
• immediately wipe the neck if the child burps.

By following these rules, it will be possible to avoid the appearance of diaper rash, redness of the skin and rash.

If you do not know, newborn boys and girls need to be washed in different ways - see the article about this.

Pimples in the baby - how to treat them correctly

Bathing a newborn

print version

How to smear a newborn after bathing? A question that worries all, without exception, newly-made mothers. Immediately after the birth of a child, mothers and fathers are faced with a very important and responsible task - bathing their baby. Almost all parents remember the first bathing of their child: still, it’s a whole ritual: everything must be perfect: water temperature, bath, fluffy towel, diapers. Parents also have to make a choice - to bathe the child in a special bath or immediately accustom the baby to "big" water, namely to a large bath. Modern medicine in Lately more inclined towards it. That the baby should get used to the space around him. This applies not only to air, but also to the water element. A separate topic for conversation of newly minted parents deserves the question of how to smear the skin of the baby after bathing? Grandmothers are always ready to help. They will all talk about their methods of caring for a baby, advise in detail on folk remedies that can be applied to the baby's skin after bathing, however, it is worth remembering that the advice of relatives is not always a common truth and an iron rule.

How to smear the baby's skin after bathing. Features of the skin of an infant.

The skin of a baby is very delicate - it is 4-5 times thinner than the skin of an adult. Therefore, care for the baby should be special. Modern cosmetology offers a huge selection of skin care products for newborns. Oils, creams, ointments and powders for every taste, and different prices. That's just the mother should choose a tool that would suit the baby completely. For example, a child's skin is flaky, then how to smear the baby after bathing? The skin of the baby begins to peel off in the second week of life - this is due to the fact that the skin gets used to the air environment. sweat and sebaceous glands are just starting their work, so the protective film on the skin of the child is weakly expressed. That is why the baby's skin easily loses moisture. This should not be scary, peeling will pass by itself. But to calm the mother herself, you can anoint the baby's skin with baby oil.

How to smear the baby's skin after bathing. We choose children's cosmetics.

If you doubt the purity of the water, you can add a few drops of potassium permanganate solution. After bathing, do not forget to spread the baby's skin with baby cream - after all, potassium permanganate, in addition to the disinfecting effect, greatly dries the delicate and thin skin baby. Diaper rash on the skin of a newborn is a common occurrence. In order to prevent them from causing discomfort to the child, use baby powder with the addition of zinc. And bathing your baby is best in plain water, without the addition of gels and foams. Believe me, your child under one year old will be absolutely not interested in foamy mountains. Can be added to water essential oils or herbal solution. But in terms of hygiene, you do not need to be zealous with soap. Moreover, use antibacterial, disinfecting and especially toilet types of soap. They are absolutely not suitable for babies! Only special baby soap. It does not contain aromatic fragrances that can cause an allergic reaction. The level of alkali in baby soap is much lower than in any other soap. Try to use it no more than once a week. How to smear a newborn after bathing is a purely individual decision. The choice of funds depends on the condition of the baby's skin, the sensitivity of the skin. And there are a lot of companies and manufacturers of children's cosmetics on the sales market - for every taste and budget. Domestic, foreign manufacturing companies offer a huge selection. Listening to her intuition, mom will do right choice. The main thing is that the company of children's cosmetics inspires confidence. everything for dle movies and series online hd automatic exchange of webmoney for privat24 android games, applications, instructions, reviews

Proper skin care for your baby from birth

Whatever aspect you touch on, you can always say about newborns that they are not a reduced copy of an adult, which means that their body functions according to its own laws. This even applies to the skin. The skin of a newborn baby has its own characteristics, which sometimes cause anxiety in young parents. The skin of the crumbs is delicate and prone to irritation, therefore it requires special attention. In order to avoid problems and inflammatory processes, it is necessary to carefully care for it. When a child has clean skin, no diaper rash, rashes, the newborn feels comfortable, sleeps well, does not worry and is not naughty.

What problems can occur on the skin of infants

Oil, powder and baby cream are used to prevent newborn skin diseases, if they do occur, they need to be treated by other means.

Most often, the baby is worried about:

• Prickly heat is a small rash on the body. The cause is overheating. You can fight it by providing the baby with the necessary temperature regime indoors, using clothes strictly for the season;
• Diaper rash - pronounced redness of the skin (most often in the area of ​​​​the buttocks, groin and armpits). The reason is dry skin after bathing, prolonged exposure to a humid environment. The way to eliminate is air baths, reducing the time of using a diaper and drying the skin with special means. You can treat problem areas with Bepanten ointment, zinc ointment, Desitin. If the above measures do not help, then a drying mash with talc and zinc oxide will come in handy. As prescribed by the doctor, ultraviolet irradiation of problem areas is carried out;
• Fungal lesions of the skin - appear in stubbornly untreated diaper rash. In this case, it is recommended to consult a doctor;
• Pyoderma - small superficial pustules, the causative agent of which is staphylococci and streptococci. Consultation of a specialist is necessary for adequate treatment;
• Allergic dermatitis - manifests itself in the form of peeling, red spots, rash. This disease is associated with the immaturity of the immune and enzyme systems of the newborn. For treatment, you need to contact an allergist.

Systematic care and careful processing of the baby's folds helps prevent diseases of the delicate skin of the newborn. It is known that children's health problems, including skin problems, are easier to prevent than to treat.

Attention: The use of oil is recommended by pediatricians and neonatologists. The scope of its application is quite wide: lubricate the folds with a cotton pad moistened with oil to prevent diaper rash, for a gentle massage, treatment of the nose, lubrication of the whole body after bathing, as well as the head to get rid of crusts.

Professionals recommend using the oil after bathing to hydrate baby skin and avoid dryness. It is necessary to wipe all the folds, areas behind the ears with a cotton pad. Sometimes oil can be used instead of diaper cream.

It is important to choose an oil for your baby, considering all its components, as well as what it is needed for. There is a remedy that is intended only for getting rid of crusts on the head, but there is one that can be used for everything - from daily care before wiping any specific areas. What kind of oil to massage the baby, how to wipe the baby or what to use for wrinkles, we will consider below.

Difference from cream and milk

Young parents often face the question, is there a difference between oil, cream and milk? What is better to choose from a wide variety of good baby products?

• Cream it is more intended for processing certain parts of the body on which minor irritations have appeared, it is undesirable to spread the whole baby with them.
• Oil can be used in many cases, applying to all areas of the skin of a small child. The oil is designed to protect the skin from mechanical damage that can occur during the friction of the diaper on the baby's legs, or such as peeling or dry skin. The main difference between butter and milk is the consistency, and that the latter is quickly absorbed.
• Milk more suitable for cleansing the skin, instead of soap. It allows you to maintain water-fat balance.

It is better that in the arsenal of a young mother there are cream, milk, and oil. They can be used alternately, or according to the situation.

Rating - which is better?

Bubchen - from crusts on the head of a child and for daily care

Contains sunflower and shea butter, as well as calendula extract. The oil can be used for massage, daily procedures, such as wiping wrinkles, flaky skin, and also as a remedy for crusts on the head. Designed for children from birth.

To get rid of crusts on the scalp of a newborn, you need to pour a little oil on your hands, and then carefully and gently distribute it over the baby's head to problem areas. After 15 minutes, with a comb or soft brush, in small circular motions, you need to carefully remove the scales from the scalp.

After applying the oil, wash your hair thoroughly with baby shampoo.. The procedure is recommended to be carried out once or several times a week until the problem is resolved.

The advantage of this remedy is that it is absorbed quickly, moisturizes the skin well and helps to get rid of diaper rash. Can be used daily. The disadvantage of this product, some buyers call an obsessive smell. The price for 50 ml is 300 rubles.

Weleda Calendula Pflegeol - to clean the nose and for daily use

The composition of the oil includes medicinal calendula and sesame oil, which allow you to carefully care for the skin of a newborn. Due to its natural composition, the oil can be used for daily nourishment of the skin to avoid dryness, for massage, for rubbing wrinkles, as well as cleaning the nose.

Advice: To clean a small nose, you need to moisten a cotton swab in oil, and then clean the nasal passages in a circular motion.

The advantage of this product is its naturalness and wide scope. The disadvantage is the high price. Price - from 800 rubles for a bottle of 200 ml.

Mustela Bebe Massage Oil - for massaging babies

Natural composition with vitamins E and C. The product can be used from birth to moisturize or massage, for example, the tummy to prevent baby's colic. The oil is gentle, has a calming and relaxing effect..

If you use oil during a massage, it will be more pleasant and beneficial. You can not pour the product directly on the baby's body. You need to pour a little on the mother’s hands, grind and warm the oil, and only then proceed to the massage, gently rubbing the product into the delicate skin of the child.

Advantages - the naturalness of the product, it can be used daily for various procedures. The only downside to this oil is high price . Price - for 110 ml 1000 rubles.

Hipp - for baby's folds

The natural composition, which includes almond extract and vitamin E, helps to moisturize and soften the delicate skin of a newborn. The oil can be used for any procedure, including rubbing wrinkles to prevent dryness, diaper rash and redness.

The oil is good for inflammation and irritation.. To wipe, you need to moisten a cotton pad in oil and carefully go through all the folds, as well as behind the ears, under the neck. The folds on the arms and legs, armpits and ass also need to be wiped with oil.

The advantage of the product is that it does not contain artificial colors and flavors. No parabens, paraffin and essential oils. Suitable for both moisturizing and cleansing baby skin. Of the minuses, one can name an allergic reaction in some babies. Cost - from 250 rubles. for 200 ml.

Magic Herb Baby - for rubbing

This oil consists of chamomile, aloe and string extract, which allows you to carefully care for your baby's skin.. This oil can be used during a massage, after bathing, to wipe the folds with it, as well as areas behind the ears. This should be done with a cotton pad (cotton pad) or hands, applying a little oil, and then wiping all areas.

The advantage is that the product smells good, has a good effect on moisturizing and softening the baby's skin, and does not cause allergies. The disadvantages include only the fact that the product did not have time to become popular and not many people know about its existence, thereby not having time to win the trust of customers. The price for 200 ml is from 110 to 150 rubles.

Jonson's Baby - baby hair product

This is an oil based on a mineral base, that is, a petroleum product. The composition includes Coconut oil, which does not allow the skin to breathe due to the formation of a film. You can choose oil with chamomile, calendula or aloe. The oil is intended for many procedures, including moisturizing the hair of a newborn. The cost of such oil is from 200 rubles per 200 ml.

our mother

After opening, a natural remedy can be stored for no more than three months. The composition includes calendula extract, cedar and sea ​​buckthorn oil. The oil can be used to moisturize the baby's skin after bathing. It is quickly absorbed, which is not very convenient for massage.

The advantage is the naturalness of the product, moisturizing and nourishing the skin, eliminating skin irritations. The disadvantage is that it spreads during use due to its consistency and not a convenient vial without a dispenser. Price from 150 rubles. for 125 ml.

A wide range of oils is presented in stores and pharmacies, so without trying a certain remedy, you cannot be sure of it. When buying oil for a newborn, you need to pay attention to its composition. It should not contain dyes and preservatives, as well as other harmful and chemical substances. The smell should not be sharp and unobtrusive.

It is important to choose the oil that is right for you.. It can be massage, moisturizing, cleansing, nourishing, relieving irritation and more. You can choose one tool that will be used for daily care and all procedures.

Important: Be sure to carry out an allergy reaction before use, as this is a very unpleasant disease. To do this, you need to smear a small area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe child's skin with oil and leave for a day. If this area does not turn red and rashes do not appear, then you can safely use this product.

You need to look at the expiration dates of the product, especially after opening. There are oils that can be stored for only three months, there are more long term storage.

Conclusion

Baby's skin requires careful and permanent care, so it is important to choose the right remedy . It should moisturize, nourish and soften, and most importantly - not cause allergies. If any reaction occurs, stop using this product immediately.

Whatever aspect you touch on, you can always say about newborns that they are not a reduced copy of an adult, which means that their body functions according to its own laws. This even applies to the skin. The skin of a newborn baby has its own characteristics, which sometimes cause anxiety in young parents. The skin of the crumbs is delicate and prone to irritation, therefore it requires special attention. In order to avoid problems and inflammatory processes, it is necessary to carefully care for it. When a child has clean skin, no diaper rash, rashes, the newborn feels comfortable, sleeps well, does not worry and is not naughty.

Skin features

When the baby is born, his skin is covered with a layer of cheese-like lubricant. This lubricant acts as a barrier, because in the mother's tummy the baby was surrounded by amniotic fluid. In the old days, this lubricant was washed off immediately after birth, now it is believed that it should be absorbed into the skin.

When the issue with lubrication on the skin is leveled, the mother may notice that the baby's skin is too red. This is completely normal. Firstly, in the blood of a newborn child, erythrocytes are contained in an increased amount. Secondly, the layer of subcutaneous fat in the crumbs is still very poorly developed, which means that the blood vessels are very close to the skin, and they are clearly visible. In addition to a red tint, a vascular pattern may simply appear on the skin.

The weak development of the subcutaneous fat layer "rewards" the baby's skin with another feature. Newborn babies are easily supercooled and freeze. At the same time, a "marble" pattern appears on the skin.

All mothers note that the skin of a newborn baby is very soft and velvety to the touch. A special velvety skin gives baby fluff, which covers the shoulders, back, and sometimes the hips of the baby. However, already on the 2-3rd day of life, the baby's skin becomes dry and begins to peel off. Thus, the adaptation of the skin to the air after the water environment is manifested. The work of the sebaceous glands has not yet been established, so the skin is deprived of a protective lipid film that helps retain moisture. Most often, the skin of the extremities is shelled: palms and heels.

Often on the skin of a newborn, you can notice different rashes. Small white dots resembling pimples are milia, sebaceous cysts. They are completely safe, appear in the process of establishing the work of the sebaceous glands and disappear without a trace without any intervention. Red, inflamed pimples, sometimes called “blooms,” are the result of hormonal changes. After the physical separation from the mother's body, the baby's body begins to produce its own hormones, which naturally affects the external condition of the skin.

It turns out that most of the alarming symptoms are phenomena that are completely normal for a newborn child. The older your little one gets, the more his skin becomes similar to that of an adult, both in appearance and in the way it functions.

Skin care rules

• In order not to injure the delicate skin of the baby, the nails of an adult should be cut short and filed;
• If an adult has any sores on their hands (eg, boils, nail fungus, sore hangnails), That better care trust a healthy person for a child;
• It is not recommended to abuse hygiene products: use baby soap without allergenic fragrances, use water-based baby cream ();
• Use only high-quality children's cosmetics.

We wash the baby

Every morning, after the baby wakes up, it must be washed with boiled water.

Morning care is more convenient to carry out on the changing table, as it will stably accommodate necessary items. The water temperature in the first days is 36-37⁰C, it can be gradually reduced and brought to room temperature (25⁰C).

1. We start with the treatment of the eyes: with a cotton ball dipped in boiled water, with smooth movements without pressure, wipe the eye from the outer corner to the inner. For each eye we use an individual cotton ball.
2. Wipe the outside of the nose with a damp cotton ball. From the inside, the nostrils are cleaned with a cotton flagellum, making rotational movements. The flagellum is pre-moistened with boiled water.
3. We process the ears with a cotton flagellum, cleaning off the sulfur from the skin of the external auditory canal. It is not worth pushing the flagellum deeper, since the sulfur is not removed, but pushed inside the ear canal. It is enough to clean the ears 2 times a week.
4. We wipe the face and behind the ears with a cotton ball.
5. The umbilical wound should be treated 2 times a day with a 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide, then with brilliant green (about proper handling).
6. After each stool, the baby must be washed with warm running water.

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Body care

Moms take note!

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Capital truths:

We look at how to bathe, how to wash, how to care for umbilical wound how to do air baths:

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Bathing:

Washing:

Treatment of the umbilical wound:

Air baths:

After bathing the child, spread the perineum and inguinal folds with baby cream. Because the composition of creams includes castor oil, glycerin, beeswax, it softens and nourishes the skin, and also protects it from all kinds of microbes. Immediately after bathing, it is necessary to treat the baby's skin with cosmetic oil for newborns, lotion or powder.

Skin problems

Most often, parents are afraid of the appearance of crusts on the scalp of the crumbs (seborrheic crusts). This is not a disease, it is easy to deal with it. Before each bath, the crusts are lubricated or with baby cream, and during bathing they are wiped with a sterile gauze cloth. The movements should be light without pressure, strong friction will lead to the appearance of wounds. (We read)

• Prickly heat. If there is prickly heat on the child’s body, then you just need to avoid overheating, avoiding unnecessarily warm clothes. At an early stage, normal hygiene for a newborn baby is quite enough. While bathing, you can add chamomile infusion to the water, or a decoction of oak bark - (about treatment);
• Diaper rash. With the appearance of diaper rash, special attention is paid to skin care after each trip to the toilet. Let the baby's skin “breathe” more often (the same air baths that we wrote about above), diapers and diapers should be changed every few hours. After changing diapers, the child must be washed with running water, in extreme cases, wiped with baby sanitary napkins - in detail;
• Proper hygiene from the start! Reading great article about the organization.

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