Additional educational program on the spiritual and moral education of preschoolers. “Window to the world of goodness. The program of spiritual and moral education of preschoolers
Compiled on the basis of the program for the spiritual and moral education of preschoolers “Fundamentals of Orthodox Culture”, author O.K. Kharitonova and the program “ good world. Orthodox culture for kids”, author L.L. Shevchenko.
Explanatory note
In Russian pedagogy, education has always been associated with the development of the spiritual and moral sphere and has set itself the main goal - to raise a child who is thinking, virtuous, merciful, conscientious, believing in the possibility of improving the world and people.
Russian society is currently experiencing a spiritual and moral crisis. The current situation is a reflection of the changes that have taken place in public consciousness and state policy. The Russian state has lost its official ideology, society has lost its spiritual and moral ideals. Spiritual and moral teaching and educational functions turned out to be minimized operating system education. The consequence of this was that the totality of value attitudes inherent in mass consciousness(including children and youth) is largely destructive and destructive in terms of the development of the individual, family and state.
In this regard, the task of spiritual and moral education of the younger generation is of extreme importance; it, without exaggeration, must be understood today as one of the priorities in ensuring national security countries.
Appeal to the spiritual and moral traditions of domestic education and upbringing seems to us the most promising, since it is associated with the restoration of traditions, way of life and forms of national experience.
Only the traditional way of life can be opposed to aggressive influence modern culture and a civilizational model exported from the West. For Russia, there is no other way out of the crisis in the spiritual and moral sphere, except for the revival of the original Russian civilization on traditional values domestic culture. And this is possible if the spiritual, moral and intellectual potential of the bearer of Russian culture, the Russian people, is restored.
By “spiritual and moral education” is meant the process of promoting the spiritual and moral development of a person, the formation of his moral feelings (conscience, duty, faith, responsibility, citizenship, patriotism), moral character (patience, mercy, gentleness), moral position (ability to distinguishing between good and evil, the manifestation of selfless love, readiness to overcome life's trials), moral behavior (willingness to serve people and the Fatherland, manifestations of spiritual prudence, good will).
Orthodox pedagogy enriches secular pedagogy with the integrity of world outlook, directing education towards the development of a harmonious personality.
The education given in educational institution, will not bring the expected benefits from it if parents do not try to maintain in their children those good rules of life taught to children by teachers.
Many parents simply do not know that it is at preschool age that the assimilation of social norms, moral requirements and patterns of behavior based on imitation takes place. Why exactly this age cannot be missed for the formation of ideas about good and evil, about moral standards and moral norms of behavior and relationships.
The practice of work on the spiritual and moral education of children shows that the main attention should be paid to work with the family.
The family plays a central role in the mind of the child. What the family is obliged to give the baby, no one but her will give in full. Our task is to help parents realize that, first of all, the family should preserve and transmit the moral and spiritual customs and values created by the ancestors (and for this we must acquaint them with these customs and values) and that it is the parents who are responsible for raising children in front of society, so that children do not become "poor" for them.
The general perspective of our work on spiritual and moral education both with children and with parents provides for the integration of spiritual and moral content into everyday life both kindergarten and family.
Unfortunately, many parents and teachers have lost a clear understanding of the patterns that determine the development of the child in a particular period of childhood. Raising a baby from the cradle turns into preparation for school and the implementation of a successful career in life. A pedagogical process, focused on learning to the detriment of education, displaces play, kind and lively communication with peers and adults from the life of a preschooler.
Parents, as a rule, all would like their children to be familiar with traditions, religion and grow up with clear ideas about the norms of morality and morality.
Target: raise a child thinking, virtuous, merciful, conscientious, believing in the possibility of improving the world and people.
Tasks:
1. To form initial moral ideas about the Motherland and family, good and evil, generosity and greed, love, obedience, benevolence and envy, loyalty and betrayal, condemnation and forgiveness, mercy, sensitivity, conscience, gratitude, diligence, etc.);
2. To form moral needs, aspirations, feelings:
3. To form moral skills and habits:
- to show attention and care to the elders, the sick, the younger;
- to give kind words; avoid bad, bad words;
- analyze own behavior in a situation of moral choice;
- treat people who make a mistake fairly, without blaming or condemning them;
- be organized in public places(give way to adults, small children; observe the rules of decency, speak quietly, do not draw attention to yourself, do not interfere with others, keep neatness);
- in a friendly and benevolent manner, turn to peers with a request to play together, respond to a friend’s request to accept him in the game, be attentive to the suggestions of another child when performing joint activities, agree with the plan proposed by a peer;
- tactfully express refusal to participate in common activities, politely respond to the refusal of another child;
- the habit of doing everything you can yourself, without requiring the help of others;
- careful attitude to the work of adults and comrades, to things, keeping order and cleanliness.
Children's age: 6-7 years old.
Terms of the program implementation: academic year.
The implementation of the materials of this program is possible under the condition of active interaction of children with the outside world in an emotional and practical way, that is, through play, objective activity, communication, work, cognition, various types of activities characteristic of preschool age.
Number of lessons: Once a week, 32 lessons per year.
Lesson duration: 30 min.
Forms and methods of working with children: conversations, reading fiction, games, viewing illustrations, paintings, excursions.
Technologies:
When introducing children to historical events, ICT, visual material (pictures, photographs, illustrated literary works), video recordings are widely used in order to interest children, awaken in them the desire to listen and remember.
Diagnostics: held 2 times - in September and May of the academic year.
Ways to test knowledge: observation of children, interviews, questionnaires, visibility, creation of problem situations, participation in competitions, exhibitions, concerts, open classes.
Expected results:
In the process of implementing the program, it is possible to achieve the following results:
1. initial moral ideas about the Motherland and family, good and evil, generosity and greed, love, obedience, benevolence and envy, loyalty and betrayal, condemnation and forgiveness, mercy, sensitivity, conscience, gratitude, diligence, etc.);
2. moral needs, aspirations, feelings:
- an active manifestation of a feeling of love and respect for relatives and friends: the desire to do something pleasant for them, to please the elders with their behavior, caring, attention; feeling of gratitude and appreciation;
- a sense of goodwill towards others (friendliness, willingness to be useful, to take care), sympathy when upset, joy for the success of others, the desire not to judge other children badly;
- love for one's Fatherland, interest in one's land;
- a feeling of sympathy for people regardless of their nationality.
3. moral skills and habits:
- follow the tradition of celebrating name days;
- write a story about your name;
- to show attention and care to the elders, the sick, the younger;
- to give kind words; avoid bad, bad words;
- analyze their own behavior in a situation of moral choice;
- treat people who make a mistake fairly, without blaming or condemning them;
- behave in an organized manner in public places (give way to adults, small children; observe the rules of decency, speak quietly, not draw attention to yourself, do not disturb others, keep neatness);
- in a friendly and benevolent manner, turn to peers with a request to play together, respond to a friend’s request to accept him in the game, be attentive to the suggestions of another child when performing joint activities, agree with the plan proposed by a peer;
- tactfully express refusal to participate in common activities, politely respond to the refusal of another child;
- the habit of doing everything you can yourself, without requiring the help of others;
- careful attitude to the work of adults and comrades, to things, keeping order and cleanliness.
Bibliography.
- Averina N.G. On the spiritual and moral education of junior schoolchildren. [Text] / N.G. Averina // Primary School. - 2005. - No. 11. - S. 17-24.
- Avramenko O.V. Moral education of preschool children in the game: Educational and professional programs [Text] / O.V. Avramenko. - Yelets, 2001. - 152 p.
- Androsova M.A. Folk game as a means of forming the readiness of preschoolers for speech communication [Text] / M.A. Androsova // Preschool education. - 2007. - No. 3. - P. 13-15.
- Anichikava T.P. Introduction to the origins of Russian folk culture[Text] / T.P. Anichikava // Educator of a preschool educational institution. - 2008. - No. 4. - S. 55-62.
- Antonova T.V. Folk holiday as a means of introducing a preschool child to national culture and traditions [Text] / T.V. Antonova // Kindergarten from A to Z. - 2005. - No. 6. – P. 35-40.
- Apollonova K.A. Introducing preschoolers to Russian national culture [Text] / K.A. Apollonova // Preschool education. - M., 2012. - No. 5-6. - P. 12-18; From 14-20.
- Baklanova T.I. Folk art culture / T.I. Baklanova. - M., 2000. - 329 p.
- Berezhnova O.V. Folklore works in the educational work of a preschool institution [Text] // Education and society. - No. 12. - 2012. - S. 9-13.
MBDOU "Kindergarten" Sun "
Origins program
On spiritual and moral education
for children 5-7 years old
Developed by: Teacher of the senior group
O.V. Bazhenov
2016
"There is no higher art,
as the art of education.
A wise educator creates a living image,
looking at which God and people rejoice.
Saint John Chrysostom
Explanatory note
The program for the stabilization and development of education in Russia puts forward the task of establishing spiritual and moral values among the younger generation as one of the priority tasks of the educational system at all its levels. The experience of recent years of Russia's development has shown that in the conditions modern freedom choice, one cannot count on success in raising children, relying only on the state, or only on public institutions, primarily on the school and kindergarten, or only on the family. And the point is not that the Russian state or the system of Russian education aims to educate an immoral, cruel, unlawful young generation, but that in the conditions of borrowing from the West its own models and guidelines - calculation, individualism, competition, acquisitiveness - it grows just like that. And here hopes for the controlling role of the state, for laws and codes, are in vain. Everything starts with a person, with his upbringing, with his inner world.
Man is a spiritual being, he strives not only for physical development, but also for spiritual development. To unite in oneself the personal and the national, the earthly and the heavenly, the bodily and the spiritual – this is a natural human need, called into this world.
In society, the measure of understanding is increasing that it is possible to achieve social peace in the country, high morality and culture, a full-fledged patriotic consciousness of the people only by working together - family, kindergarten, school and church.
The rector of the Russian Orthodox University of the Holy Apostle John the Theologian, Archimandrite John (Ekonomtsev), especially emphasizes: “We cannot allow the spiritual, cultural and physical death of our people. Children and youth urgently need spiritual and moral education and upbringing.”
In our time, especially, it is obvious that without the spirituality that Orthodoxy brings with it, we cannot survive, we cannot find harmony in society. It hurts that compassion, sympathy, eternal values, disappear from our souls. The Orthodox pedagogical tradition in Russia has been developing for ten centuries, and its basic foundation has always been love for people, so the problem of violence did not arise as such.
Russian Orthodoxy traditionally sees the meaning of education in the spiritual enlightenment and upbringing of a person. The strength of Orthodoxy lies in the priority of spiritual values over material goods, in an undistorted spiritual worldview and the purpose of a person. Spirituality is understood as the value dimension of the higher principles: goodness, love, truth, truth, beauty, life, humanity, sympathy, as the priority of such values as Motherland, family, duty, feat. They should become the norms of our life, and the life of children.
The problem of spiritual and moral education must be addressed already at preschool age, as the most emotional and receptive period of childhood, when "hearts are open to virtue." It is known that the basis of spiritual and moral education is the culture of society, family and educational institution - the environment in which the child lives, in which formation and development take place. Culture is, first of all, a system of values fixed in traditions. It is necessary to satisfy spiritual needs and search for higher values. Amazing and mysterious phenomenon folk culture - holidays and rituals. If the soul of the people is hidden in holidays, then it is revealed on holidays.
Professor I.M. Snegirev wrote that folk holidays with all the rituals, songs and games related to them are the strongest and most abundant source of knowledge of folk life. Indeed, they contain not only beauty and poetry, relaxation and fun, legends and legends, but there are also hidden stories that you can see if you wish.
Church holidays have always been especially revered by the Russian people. Orthodox holidays are also part of our history, our Orthodox culture, our way of life - everything without which we are not complete, not whole.
Spiritual and moral education of the younger generation is considered in the "Concept of spiritual and moral development and education of the personality of a citizen of Russia" dated 05.11.2008.
The concept was developed in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" on the basis of the annual messages of the President of Russia to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation.
It is gratifying that at the present time, when the process of the spiritual revival of Russia has begun, on January 1, 2014, the Federal State Educational Standard came into force preschool education which fixed the priority of spiritual and moral education of preschoolers.
Thus, in the General Provisions it is noted that one of the basic principles of preschool education is to familiarize children with socio-cultural norms, traditions of the family, society and the state.
One of the tasks of the educational standard is to combine training and education into an integral educational process based on spiritual, moral and socio-cultural values and rules and norms of behavior accepted in society in the interests of a person, family, and society.
Children should form on the values of Orthodox culture an attitude towards their parents, relatives, native land, native nature, to their Fatherland.
The first experience of a child's intellectual acquaintance with the traditions of Orthodoxy is possible after the age of 4 years. Psychologically, this is due to the child experiencing a crisis. three years and the appearance of the first manifestations of the child's volitional behavior. Having learned to navigate and act in an objective environment, the child begins to perceive himself and his immediate environment differently.
Orthodox education does not contradict the tasks of secular education established by the state standard, but enriches and supplements the pedagogical process with the unique traditions of Russian pedagogy and brings special spirituality to the life of the kindergarten. We believe that children should be happy. An Orthodox person has special reasons for joy, and we, teachers, reveal them to children. We know that there is a God who loves us. We know that there is no death. We know that angels protect us. The world created by God is beautiful. And this world can and should be decorated with good deeds for both adults and children. It is necessary to bring these truths to the understanding of the child at the very beginning of his life path. He must not be allowed to stray in this world, falling into sin and despondency. The main, fundamental difference between the study of Orthodox culture and religious education is that classes in Orthodox culture involve the acquisition of a certain amount of knowledge about Orthodoxy, while religious, Orthodox education involves concrete participation in church life. Teaching a child the basics of Orthodox culture, taking into account the formation of the structure of his self-consciousness, will solve the problem of internalizing the spiritual experience of mankind in accordance with the individual trajectory of personality development. Moreover, religious culture has an additional potential that contributes to the development of the structure of self-consciousness, which a non-religious culture cannot provide. The content, based on Orthodox culture, makes it possible to realize the holistic spiritual and moral development of preschool children in the process of engaging in various types of children's activities and to solve educational, educational and developmental tasks.
Currently, Russia is going through one of the difficult historical periods. And the greatest danger that lies in wait for our society today is not in an economic crisis, not in a change in the political system, but in the destruction of the individual. Nowadays, material values dominate over spiritual ones, so children's ideas about kindness, mercy, generosity, justice, citizenship and patriotism are distorted. The high level of juvenile delinquency is caused by a general increase in aggressiveness and cruelty in society.
If you plan educational process referring to the spiritual and moral traditions of domestic education and upbringing, this will significantly increase the effectiveness of educational work on the spiritual and moral development of students, increase the competence of teachers, students, parents, expand the educational space and provide active access to society.
Beginning in preschool age conscious perception peace. Therefore, this age is one of favorable periods education, in which the basic principles of a humane life are laid.
The system of spiritual and moral education includesthe following directions:
- formation of the need for a healthy lifestyle;
- the formation of spirituality of preschoolers through their attitude to literature, the media;
- aesthetic development children;
- family and preschool cooperation
- appeal to the spiritual and moral traditions and values of their people.
The program of spiritual and moral education of preschoolers is a purposeful educational process and involves a certain system of content, forms, methods and techniques of pedagogical actions. A special place is given to the family as the first mentor of the child, as well as collectively - creative activity, which helps to redirect the energy of a preschooler from a destructive direction to a constructive one.
Program goals.
1. Education of the spiritual and moral personality of the child, through the familiarization of preschoolers with the basics of Orthodox culture.
2.. Knowledge of family traditions, history and culture of their region, Fatherland.
3. Reducing the level of aggressiveness.
4. Increasing intellectual- creativity and active motivation of pupils.
Tasks:
Integration of the content of spiritual and moral education in the play and creative activities of children;
Formation of spiritual and moral feelings based on the study of the culture of the country and native land;
Enrichment of the vocabulary of children in the process of spiritual and moral education and dialogic communication;
Education of a spiritual and moral personality with an active life position, the ability to perfection and harmonious interaction with other people;
- Raising interest and love for Russian national culture, folk art, customs, traditions, rituals, folk calendar, folk games;
Formation of self-esteem among pupils as a representative of their people and a tolerant attitude towards representatives of other nationalities;
Creation of conditions for the implementation of the main directions of the Federal State Educational Standard of preschool education, the achievement of targets for preschool education.
Forms of work on spiritual and moral education with children:
A cycle of classes called "Lessons of Kindness", the purpose of which is to educate moral values and to know oneself in the world of people.
Acquaintance with the calendar Orthodox and folk holidays and holding some of them (Christmas time, Shrovetide, Easter)
Thematic exhibitions of children's creativity.
Acquaintance of children with the life of Orthodox saints and defenders of the Russian land, as an example of high spirituality and morality, patriotism in the form of a story using video films, children's literature before the day of memory of the saint as a separate lesson or as part of a lesson to familiarize oneself with others before Defender of the Fatherland Day, Victory Day .
Excursions to the temple in order to get acquainted with the features of architecture, internal structure, iconography;
Excursions to nature (the beauty of God's world);
Listening to bell and sacred music at thematic music lessons using appropriate recordings;
Staged scenes for moral themes(about forgiveness, hard work, respect for elders).
Thus, the program has severalareas of work.
1. Spiritual and educational (classes, conversations, oral teachings).
2. Educational and recreational (holidays, outdoor and instructive games, role-playing and building games, walks, excursions, hikes).
3. Cultural and educational (meetings, targeted walks, excursions, watching films).
4. Moral and labor (self-service work, cleaning the group and territory, work on interests, productive activity, making gifts for the holidays)
Type of program: educational.
The program is secular in its orientation and has an integrated character, which ensures its relationship with the main areas of education and training of preschool children: the formation of environmental thinking, local history, the basics of logical thinking, the ecology of interpersonal relations, artistic, aesthetic and patriotic education, native speech, healthy way of life.
The program is compiled taking into account interdisciplinary links in the areas:
Cognition. Classes, observations, excursions, targeted walks, conversations, games are held.
Socialization, where didactic, role-playing games; guided tours, visits to museums, work.
Artistic creativity, where seasonal nature paintings are used, various products are made in accordance with the theme of the classes. Exhibitions of children's creativity, master classes are held.
Fiction, where works of a cognitive orientation are used (fairy tales, parables, poems, legends, legends); viewing illustrations and pictures.
Music, where musical works are used in accordance with the subject of the lesson; holidays are held (including folklore, festivals, music games).
Physical culture, where outdoor games, entertainment, sports holidays, leisure activities are held.
Distinctive features: the content of this program covers a very wide range of activities for preschool children, taking into account curriculum DOW.
Conditions for the implementation of the program.
This program is designed for children aged 5 to 7 years. Classes are held for nine months from September to May, once a week. Duration of classes: 20-25 minutes. In addition to theoretical work, the program also involves the practical consolidation of the information received. Drawing, applique, creation of toys, collective panels and other types practical work which allow you to better remember and understand the material covered. Watching cartoons and slides in the classroom will help teachers create vivid artistic images.
Planned results
Pupils have ideas:
About family traditions, about the peculiarities of family relations;
About spiritual and moral values;
About the value attitude to a healthy lifestyle, to the world around them;
Familiar with the history and culture of their country;
They know how to protect and maintain beauty;
Show compassion, sympathy, empathy, rejoice;
They believe in their own strength, they have a desire for selfless service for the good of the Motherland;
Strive for good and rejection of evil.
Literature.
1. ABC of moral education: A guide for teachers. / Ed. I.A. Kairova, O.S. Bogdanova.- M.: Enlightenment, 1997;
2. Bogdanova O.S., Petrova V.I. The methodology of educational work in primary school/ - M.: Enlightenment, 1980;
3. Education of the student's personality in moral activity: Method. recommendations / Ohm. state ped. in-t im. Gorky. - Omsk: OGPI, 1991;
4. Davedyanova N.S. On the understanding of spirituality in modern society. / Orthodox Pedagogy: Traditions and Modernity. - Collection of lectures and reports of the VGPU, 2000;
5. Davydova N.V. Masters: A book for reading on the history of Orthodox culture. - M .: Pokrov Publishing House, 2004;
6. Izmailova A.B. Orthodox pedagogical thought about honoring parents (Russian folk traditions of education) / Orthodox pedagogy: Traditions and modernity. – Collection of lectures and reports of VGPU, 2.000;
7 Abbot Ioasaph (Poluyanov) – Tasks Sunday school and family education. http://www.wco.ru/biblio/books/pedagog2/;
8. Karpov I.A. ABC of moral education / M .: Education, 1979;
9. Makarenko A.S. A book for parents. / - M .: "Pedagogy", 1988;
10. Orekhov D. Holy places of Russia.-St. Petersburg: Publishing house "New prospect", 1999;
11. Orthodox culture at school: Educational and methodological manual for teachers of secondary schools / January-December / M.: Pokrov Publishing House, 2004;
12. Salyakhova L.I. Handbook of the class teacher: personal development, educational activities, spiritual and physical health of the student. Grades 1-4. - M .: Globus, 2007;
13. Surova LV - Orthodox pedagogy as a social and spiritual phenomenon. http://pedagog.eparhia.ru/for_pedagog/;
14. Priest Alexy Uminsky - Reflections on school and children. http://www.wco.ru/biblio/books/pedagog1/;
15. Assumption Cathedral. Omsk shrine. Omsk: Publishing house "Rus", 2007;
16. Ushinsky K.D. Pedagogical essays / M .: "Pedagogy", 1988;
17. Encyclopedia of family education and training - Archpriest A.I. Malyarevsky. http://pedagog.eparhia.ru/
Approximate thematic planning of the content module “Spiritual and moral culture. Orthodox culture" for the senior group
Calendar-thematic planning for spiritual and moral education
preschool children (5–6 years old)
September |
Where are our roots? Purpose: to enrich and systematize children's ideas about family values.
Purpose: to form a sense of pride in belonging to the Russian family. 3. "The world of God is around us" Purpose: To give an idea of the world in which a person lives as a gift (gift) of God
Purpose: Recall with children the definition of "Small Motherland", Develop patriotic feelings in relation to their small homeland. |
Examination of peasant and city buildings, temples
|
October |
Purpose: Raising love and respect for the mother, comparing the relationship to the children of the mother and stepmother, explain the concept of an orphan, mother of many children. kind.
3.FINE activity: "Our Cover" Purpose: To arouse the desire in children to portray the impression of the holiday
Purpose: To continue to introduce children to the norms of Christian ethics. Teach children to listen, draw conclusions. Learn to understand what things are | 1. Ethical conversation about the mother "Mother of many children is a Russian nesting doll" 2. Reading: “The Tale of Ivasik”, “Tiny-Khavroshechka”, "Mother's Heart" 3. Competition of readers "My beautiful mother."
2. Consideration of illustrations, icons about the childhood of the Virgin.
productive activity
|
November |
Purpose: to expand and deepen children's knowledge about icons, their distinctive features and values for Christians. Develop cognitive interest to the process of creating icons by artists - icon painters. Cultivate respect for images on icons
Purpose: to give children an idea of \u200b\u200bthe heroic defenders of Ancient Rus'; to acquaint the heroes with weapons; to instill in children pride in their ancestors, to make them feel their involvement in the history of our great people.
|
target walk productive activity |
December |
Purpose: To enrich children's ideas about the works of Russian - folklore, on the example of familiar fairy tales, to teach children to understand morals, to see good and evil, to distinguish between truth and fiction.
Purpose: To give children information that there is such a religious holiday- Christmas, help to feel a sense of joy from this church holiday.
Purpose: To teach to understand the characters, to perceive the originality of plot construction. Develop the ability to distinguish by signs desired image- mistress and owner. Cultivate a negative attitude towards laziness.
|
Acquaintance with the Russian folk tale "About Filya", word game"Filya and Ulya".
theatrical performance |
January |
Target: To promote the development of interest in the customs of winter holidays.
Purpose: To form ideas in preschool children about Russian traditions.
Purpose: to involve children in participation in Russian - folk holidays.
|
Joint presentations of parents and children on the Orthodox theme.
productive activity |
February | 1. Rules for honoring and respecting elders Purpose: To reveal the concept of "respect". Reveal the qualities for which we respect people.Find and discuss proverbs and sayings about respect for elders. 2. "We meet the red spring" Purpose: To acquaint children with the ancient customs of meeting spring. 3. "What do the bells ring about?" Objective: To continue to introduce children to Orthodox holidays, with their customs, traditions; To acquaint with different types of bells, with their sound; 4. "At the origins of Russian folk culture" Purpose: To continue to acquaint with the traditions of the Russian people. | Work with the material of the book for reading "Grammar of morality". Reading and discussion of an excerpt by O. Tikhomirov "Alexander Nevsky" p. 186
|
March | 1. "Spring chores" Purpose: to give children an idea that spiritual life and nature are united in Rus' in a single harmony, this is what true Russian art stands for: songs, epics, signs, riddles, proverbs .. 2. Maslenitsa. Purpose: To give children ideas about the Orthodox holiday Shrovetide; develop and maintain love for the Orthodox culture of their people. 3. Visual activity on the topic: "Shrovetide has come to us." Purpose: To acquaint children through active forms of activity with the traditions of celebrating Maslenitsa. 4. Reading and discussion of literary works about St. Nicholas. Purpose: To introduce children to St. Nicholas the Pleasant, with his affairs; |
productive activity 1. Give an idea why he was canonized as a saint. 2. Recall with children what deeds are worthy of respect. |
April | 1. "Traditions of the distant past" Target: On the examples of legends, epics to show the beauty, wisdom, strength and courage of the Russian people, folk heroes: Ilya Muromets, Alyosha Popovich, Dobrynya Nikitich and others.
Purpose: To give children information about what a church holiday is - Easter of Christ, to help them feel a sense of joy from this holiday. Develop fine motor skills and artistic taste of children when coloring Easter souvenirs. To educate children about their place in the family, active participation in household chores. Raise interest in the Orthodox traditions of the Russian people.
Purpose: to involve children and their parents in its design.
Purpose: to formgood moral character |
Children's drawings and joint crafts on an Easter theme
|
May |
Purpose: to cultivate a sense of pride in the defenders of their fatherland, to acquaint children with the signs of the national agricultural calendar.
Purpose: To explain to children the concepts of "truth" and "falsehood", why it is impossible to deceive, the possible consequences of deceitful deeds, The meaning of the proverb: "Truth loves light, and lies love darkness."
Purpose: to introduce children to the traditions of folk festivals during spring Christmas time (farewell to spring, meeting of summer).
Purpose: to develop interest in Russian folk games. |
1. About Russian gingerbread - a story about gingerbread, why they are called that, looking at and distinguishing by smell 2. Acquaintance with different types of draw. 3. Learning counting rhymes, verbal texts for games, looking at illustrations. 4. Old games, children's games, production of equipment for various games. 5. Entertainment "Merry Box". seasonings that are put in gingerbread (mint, vanillin, cumin). |
Tatyana Pahomkova
The program of spiritual and moral education of preschool children "The stronger we are, the stronger our future"
PROGRAM
spiritual and moral
education of pupils of MBDOU
"Voznesensky Kindergarten No. 5".
Name programs SPIRITUAL AND MORAL EDUCATION
PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
"The stronger we are, the stronger our future"
Basis for the development of the modern concept of " spiritual and moral
parenting programs"
Core Developers
programs Methodological Council MBDOU "Voznesensky Children's
Governing Council of the institution.
Target programs 1. Creation conditions:
to form preschoolers
values and moral standards,
based on cultural, historical and spiritually
moral, patriotic and universal
principles.
2. For closer cooperation of the family and
kindergarten, promotion educational and educational potential of the chain family, kindergarten and child.
Tasks programs Preservation of historical continuity
generations, development national culture,
upbringing respect for historical
and cultural heritage of Russia,
formation spiritual and moral qualities
pupils.
Evaluation of social - the formation of value orientations spiritually
consequences of implementation moral personality;
programs - increasing the educational potential of the family;
Improving the coordinated system
family and kindergarten activities
on physical, patriotic and moral
parenting.
Performance criteria - improvement of methods spiritually
moral and family education programs;
Timing programs - 2013 - 2018.
Organization of control
for execution - the administration of MBDOU "Voznesensky kindergarten No. 5"
programs
Explanatory note
The child smiles at the mother - the first smile in life. The child plays - the first games in life. The first books, the first pictures, the first songs... the first joys and insults. All first. The first building blocks of personality. What kind of person will this child become? What kind of person will we make him? At what stage of his life should a person start thinking for himself? Answering these questions begins the formation the spiritual personality of the child.
Today, society needs kind, humane, honest and just citizens. And the task is to form such a personality. Therefore, the task educator super complex: he must reveal the inner world preschooler and lay the foundations of moral relations, thereby forming moral upbringing
Program creates conditions for personal development and self-realization. The pedagogical process is only good when it upbringing goes ahead of learning, because it called to action spiritual forces will absorb knowledge as food necessary for the further growth and development of the child's personality.
Program"Spiritual and moral education"provides - upbringing Noble person, Citizen of Russia. Just what we want to see in our children.
Planning spiritual and moral work is an important link in common system activities teacher and kindergarten. Thoughtful planning ensures its clear organization, outlines the prospects for work, contributes to the implementation of a certain system education. The needs of modern society impose on the kindergarten the tasks of not only quality education, but also upbringing of a highly moral person, spiritually rich capable of adapting to the processes taking place in the modern world. Upbringing is one of the most important components of education in the interests of a person, society, state.
Upbringing should contribute to the development and formation of the personality of the child, all of its spiritual and physical strengths and abilities; lead each child to a new worldview, a worldview based on the recognition of universal human values as a priority in life.
Relevance
In modern society, in connection with the economic, educational and spiritual stratification, there is a variety of ideas about a person and his purpose in life. Various parties, factions, organizations, religious concessions, national associations formulate their own goals, often opposed to each other. education. The question of goals education It seems especially significant now also because the process of forming a new generation of Russian citizens and introducing new educational concepts is underway.
Upbringing citizen - one of the main conditions of national revival. The concept of citizenship implies the development and realization by the child of his rights and obligations in relation to himself, his family, team, to his native land, Fatherland. Forming a citizen, we, first of all, must see him as a person. Therefore, a citizen from a pedagogical point of view is an original individuality, a person with unity spiritual, moral and legal duty.
Under spiritual and moral education is understood as the transfer to children of the knowledge that forms them moral on the basis of Russian traditions, the formation of the experience of behavior and life on the basis of spiritual and moral values.
Spiritual and moral education is an integral part of the general educational educational process. All of the above was taken into account when compiling a comprehensive programs of spiritual and moral education of preschoolers MBDOU"Voznesensky Kindergarten No. 5". Creation programs is a logical result of many years of purposeful activity of the teaching staff in order to educating preschoolers of high spiritual and moral qualities.
Normative-legal documents.
" Law of the Russian Federation "On Education" 1992 No. 3266-1
"Constitution of the Russian Federation
"Basic Guarantees of the Rights of the Child Act 1998
"Declaration of the Rights and Freedoms of Man"
" Convention on the Rights of the Child
"Charter of the kindergarten
Implementation stages Programs
Stage I - initial (2013 / 2014.)
Analytical and diagnostic activity. Search and correction of innovative technologies, forms, methods and ways education taking into account the personally significant model of education. Studying modern technologies, generalizing them pedagogical experience. Definition of strategy and tactics of activity. Implementation of experimental and pedagogical activities
"Stage II - practical (2014/2017)
Approbation and use in educational educational process of personality-oriented technologies, techniques, methods preschool education, social and psychological and pedagogical support of the child's personality in the process of development and disclosure of his individual characteristics.
Implementation of experimental and pedagogical activities.
Stage III - generalizing and effective (2017/2018)
Data processing and interpretation. Value of implementation results programs with set goals and objectives. Determination of prospects and ways of further formation educational systems and continued implementation programs of spiritual and moral education of preschoolers.
Goals and objectives Programs
Target programs.
1. creation of conditions for the development of the individual, for its entry into a civil legal society through the formation of relations to the world and to oneself in it.
2. Formation of communicative and aesthetic potentials preschooler.
3. Harmonious spiritual and moral development of the personality of a preschooler and instilling in him the fundamental principles of life on the basis of civil-patriotic, ethical and cultural-historical traditions our big and small motherland.
Tasks:
" Raising a sense of patriotism, active citizenship, involvement in the heroic history of the Russian state.
"Formation spiritual and moral guidelines based on traditional human values.
"The study of cultural and spiritual and moral traditions of the Russian people, civil foundations of the Russian state.
" Physical development preschoolers, the formation of healthy lifestyle skills, personal hygiene.
" Consolidation and coordination of activities of the kindergarten, family, community in spiritual and moral education of children.
"formation of the foundations of a culture of communication and building interpersonal relationships;
"creation of conditions for the manifestation of the creative individuality of each pupil.
"grafting pupils love for the native land through love for the native nature and respect for it.
Principles Programs
1. The principle of natural conformity.
2. The principle of the integrity of educational educational process.
3. The principle of cooperation.
4. Activity approach.
5. Person-centered approach.
6. Age approach.
Program corresponds to the specifics of middle and senior age of children, And promotes:
" spiritual and personal growth children;
"development of creative and logical thinking;
"development of abilities for self-acquisition of knowledge and research work;
"learning how to work together (solving problems in groups, conducting joint research work, conducting dialogue and discussion, accepting the point of view of another person);
"development of the ability to self-knowledge, the formation of a positive "I - concept".
Tasks education:
"To form universal human values in every child, virtues: love for neighbor, compassion, justice, citizenship, faith in beauty, responsibility, ethical culture, moral principles.
"Awaken all the powers inherent in man: physical, mental, ethical, emotional, aesthetic.
"To form human foundations, an understanding of good and evil.
"Not to adapt the child to the needs of society, but to form in him the ability to navigate in society, bring up human creator - citizen.
"Build a culture of communication.
" educate need in creative activity, creative development positive attitude to work as a means of self-affirmation.
" Attach pupils to national and world culture.
Directions educational work:
1. Socialization. Pupil and kindergarten
Goal and tasks:
Formation children awareness of belonging to the team, the desire to combine personal and public interests, to create an atmosphere of genuine camaraderie and friendship in the team.
Upbringing conscious attitude to the knowledge of everything interesting and useful, the development of cognitive activity;
Educational work with preschoolers and their parents through educational activities.
Comprehension of oneself as a person, awareness of personal involvement in the world in all its manifestations.
2. Family upbringing. My family and my kindergarten.
Purpose of the section: psychological and pedagogical education of parents; development of cooperation between the parent community and the kindergarten; promotion educational impact of the family; help the child to understand the role in society and in the family. Familiarize yourself with the rules of joint activities, learn to coordinate your actions with others. Help the children make sure that these rules are followed.
Formation of ideas about family values.
Building respect for family members family man upbringing who loves his parents.
Formation children understanding the essence of the main social roles of the son - husband.
3. Educational and cognitive and physical.
" My knowledge.
Goal and tasks: extension horizons: creating a favorable educational environment to realize creative potential preschoolers; development of the desire for constant self-education and self-development; increasing intellectual comfort, strengthening the motivation of goals; the formation of the ability to rationally organize their lives and activities.
Formation of a civil attitude towards oneself.
Upbringing conscious discipline and culture of behavior, responsibility and diligence.
Formation of the need for self-education, self-education their moral and volitional qualities.
" My health.
Goal and tasks: Creation of conditions for the preservation of the physical, mental, spiritual and moral health of preschool children.
Upbringing negative attitude to bad habits. Protection, preservation and correction of the physical and mental health of the child; upbringing in children the need for a healthy lifestyle; collaboration with healthcare professionals;
Propaganda physical education and healthy lifestyle. Upbringing a physically developed person who leads a healthy lifestyle, is able to fully express himself in all areas. Children and sports are our main goal.
4. Environmental upbringing. We and our nature.
Goals: upbringing responsibility for maintaining environment; ethical education, moral and practical attitude towards it; the ability to behave in it in accordance with generally accepted norms.
5. Patriotic upbringing. We are the protectors our Fatherland.
Goals: Arouse interest in the past of your people. Get to know the national culture. Attach children to the origins of Russian culture, to spiritual and moral values of their people, restore lost ties modern man with history past and present; study of local history material.
Expected result
given spiritual and moral educational program is:
For educator. 1. Formation children skills independence: introspection, self-assessment.
It's necessary pupils upon transition to primary school. They should be able to analyze their activities, not be afraid to make decisions on their own, be able to be responsible for their actions, and pass on their experience to their peers.
means education are activities, communication and relationships that are subject to rules, duties and rights, fixed The charter of the kindergarten.
Activities of any kind should lead to personal success, should not be useless for people, morally and economically significant.
Leading activities: cognitive, intellectual, aesthetic, physical, sports, spiritual.
In communication educator the following should be implemented with children rules:
"the ability to listen to him to the end;
"not to make decisions for him, but to encourage him to do it on his own;
" openness and accessibility.
Relationship educator and student are built on mutual respect, trust, fairness and exactingness.
Planned results. For preschooler.
1. Knowledge and understanding pupils the origins of Russian national culture, the traditions of the Russian people and other small nationalities of the Motherland, the ability to be creative in the space of Russian culture, the ability to live according to the laws of harmony and beauty.
2. Spiritual and moral potential of the next generation. High level of self-awareness, self-discipline, ability to do the right thing moral choice. Humanity, respect for the rights, freedoms and dignity of others.
3. Conviction children in that a real citizen loves his Motherland, is proud of its glorious history, studies the historical and cultural heritage, and is faithful to his civic duty.
4. Leading a healthy lifestyle, physical development and the desire for physical self-improvement, the absence of bad habits, attitude towards spiritual and physical health as an important personal and social value, ecological culture.
5. Interaction between the family and the kindergarten in the process spiritual and moral education, kindergarten - the center of the socio-cultural environment.
6. A real citizen loves and protects nature, takes an active position in the struggle to preserve peace on Earth.
Preschoolers should be:
" friendly with each other, attentive to each other and to others, open to the world and people;
"to have individual abilities and interests, to be able to work creatively, to be able to independently acquire knowledge, not to be afraid of non-standard situations, to seek and find their solution with interest;
"independent, possess self-control and self-esteem;
"capable of changing themselves.
Types and forms educational activities:
1. Lecture; (for parents)
2. Conversation; (For children and parents)
3. An hour of communication; (for parents and children)
4. Role playing; (For children)
5. Disputes; (for parents)
6. "Brainstorm"; (for parents)
7. Creative activities (For children and parents)
8. Meetings; (for parents)
9. Excursions (For children)
Events: (during the year)
1. Seminars (for parents)
2. Contests, (For children)
3. KVN (for parents)
4. Quizzes (for parents)
5. Excursions (For children)
6. Actions, projects (for parents)
7. Tourist rallies (For children and parents)
8. Round tables (for parents)
9. Disputes (for parents)
10. Research activities. (For children)
11. Conferences (for parents)
Traditional events in kindergarten (during a year)
"Knowledge Day
"Aesthetic show "Across the country of polite words"
Anniversary of Kindergarten
" Mothers Day
" Holiday Christmas tree
" Project "I discover my talent!"
"Health Holiday "Dad, Mom, I am a healthy family"
" Holidays and events "Serving the Fatherland"
"Zarnichka-view" War song parade "
"Staging Fairy Tale Competition
Holiday "Hello, summer!"
"Star Rain Holiday"
"Ascension Stars" (competition of children's creativity)
" Project activity
"Ecological trips.
"Folklore holidays.
"Theatrical productions.
"Establishment of the Museum of Local Lore"History our kindergarten"
Diagnostics:
Exploring Features preschoolers, understanding the motives of their behavior make it possible to anticipate their reactions in various situations, which, in turn, makes educational work more efficiently and economically.
Directions of diagnostics:
1. The study of individual personality traits preschoolers:
" capabilities;
"Temperament;
"type of personality in communication;
" self-esteem;
"success in activity;
" level upbringing.
2. Exploring interpersonal relations:
"sociometry;
"socio-psychological climate in the group;
"general information;
" capabilities;
"Temperament;
"type of personality in communication;
" self-esteem;
"success in activity;
" level upbringing.
3. Forms of diagnosis:
"questioning;
"testing;
"observation;
Working with parents.
Interaction educator and parents lies in the fact that both parties should be interested in studying the child, revealing and developing in him the best qualities and properties necessary for self-determination and self-realization. Such interaction is based on the principles of mutual respect and trust, mutual support and assistance, patience and tolerance towards each other.
Forms of work with parents:
"questionnaire
" advice
" parent meetings, family visits, holding joint hours of communication, excursions, parents and children.
Literature
1. Law on Education, 1992 №3266-1
2. Constitution of the Russian Federation (Art. 1,10,17,15,19,32,43,50,51,52)
3. Law on Basic Guarantees of the Rights of the Child 1998.
4. Bible. Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments. 1990.
5. T. V. Volkova "Science to be a man" Volgograd, 2008.
6. M. A. Andrianov "Philosophy for children Minsk, 2003.
7. N. E. Shchurkova Test. "Reflections on Life Experience". Moscow, 1991.
8. E. N. Stepanov "Studying the level of satisfaction of parents with the work of an educational institution." Moscow, 1991.
9. Lyakhov I. I. Project activity. M. 1996.
The ultimate goal of the intelligent upbringing of children is the gradual formation in the child of a clear understanding of the things of the world around him. Then the result of understanding should be the construction of the good instincts of a child's nature into a conscious striving for the ideals of goodness and truth, and, finally, the gradual formation of a firm and free will.
N.I. Pirogov
Currently, Russia is going through one of the difficult historical periods. And the biggest danger that lies in wait for our society today is not in the collapse of the economy, not in the change of the political system, but in the destruction of the individual. Nowadays, material values dominate over spiritual ones, so children's ideas about kindness, mercy, generosity, justice, citizenship and patriotism are distorted. The high level of juvenile delinquency is caused by a general increase in aggressiveness and cruelty in society. Children are distinguished by emotional, strong-willed and spiritual immaturity. The destruction of the family institution continues: through the so-called. “Sexual education” in children form extra-marital, anti-parental and anti-family attitudes. Forms of collective activity are gradually lost.
"The chaos and confusion of modern life, the collapse of families, public institutions high ideas discredited through the fault of the “human factor” are all a consequence of the loss of responsibility. By ceasing to be responsible for what they have done, a person is not able to realistically assess the depth of violations and the nature of the necessary corrections. His connection with the outside world is being destroyed… the very content of life in society… The current generation is growing up and being brought up from the cradle in a coreless, frameless atmosphere. The structure of life, its hierarchy, customs, boundaries of any kind - the external framework in which it is possible for the sprouts of responsibility to grow in modern society, have been ruthlessly eliminated ”(Hegumen Evmeniy. Spirituality as responsibility).
Spiritual and moral education based on Orthodox traditions formed the core of the personality, beneficially influencing all aspects and forms of a person’s relationship with the world: his ethical and aesthetic development, worldview and the formation of a civic position, patriotic and family orientation, intellectual potential, emotional state and general physical and mental development.
Appeal to the experience of Orthodox pedagogy at the present time, when there is a search for the spiritual revival of Russia, is especially important, since society and the state are in dire need of educational models that provide spiritual and moral components in the content of education.
This proves the special significance and relevance of developing a program for spiritual and moral education and upbringing of children. In the process of working on the program, we got acquainted with the experience of work on the spiritual and moral education of preschoolers, which has developed in recent years in different regions of Russia.
The peculiarity of existing programs is that they contribute to the conservation spiritual health children, introduce them to the basics of Orthodox culture. But they also have a number of, from our point of view, shortcomings: information overload, the use of abstract concepts, the lack of interaction between the educational institution and the institution of the family.
The upbringing of a spiritual personality is possible only through the joint efforts of the family, educational institution and the state. Member educational process(at the written request of the parents) there may be a priest.
One of the problems of modern education is that the historical continuity of generations is not respected in the process of education. Children are deprived of the opportunity to take an example from people who lived in the past, they do not know how people solved their problems, what happened to those who went against higher values, and to those who were able to change their lives, setting us a vivid example.
The attempts made to date to educate the spiritual and moral personality show that The weakest place in this activity is the family. Many parents simply do not know that it is precisely at preschool age that the assimilation of social norms, moral requirements and patterns of behavior based on imitation takes place. Therefore, it is necessary to help parents realize that, first of all, the moral and spiritual customs and values created by the ancestors should be preserved and transmitted in the family, and that it is the parents who are responsible for raising children.
Orthodox pedagogy directs education to a specific person, who must be responsible not only for his life, but also for the preservation and development of the historical and cultural traditions of his people. Orthodox pedagogy enriched secular pedagogy with the integrity of the worldview, the experience of the moral way of life, the development of a harmonious personality.
The concepts of "moral" and "spiritual" in Orthodox pedagogy are defined as follows: spirituality- this is a state of closeness of the soul, the inner world of a person to the Higher and the Mountainous world; moral- this is a firm constant determination of the will to follow the good inclinations of the heart and conscience (good character).
Spiritual and moral education is understood as purposeful activity aimed at familiarizing a person with the Higher and the Heavenly world, at the gradual restoration of the integral structure of the personality, self-determination of a person and his improvement in virtue.
Proceeding from this, the spiritual exercises of the mind, feelings and heart of the child are the main means of spiritual and moral education, and the main form is service to good, service to people.
Program Goals
- 1. Preservation of the spiritual and moral health of children. Introducing them to the moral and spiritual values of Orthodox culture.
- 2. Studying the history, culture, natural and ecological originality of the Pskov region, Russia.
- 3. The desire to revive the traditions of family education.
Program objectives
- 1. To cultivate respect for the moral standards of Christian morality. To teach to distinguish between good and evil, to love good, to be able to do good. stop (in different forms) immoral manifestations in the aspirations and actions of the child.
- 2. Create conditions for perception complete picture peace.
- 3. To form a feeling of love for Rodi not on the basis of studying national cultural traditions.
- 4. Develop the ability to perceive and analyze literary works, learn to express feelings, enrich vocabulary.
- 5. Develop musical culture, introduce to choral singing, classical, spiritual and folk music.
- 6. Carry out purposeful work on physical education, strengthening the will and endurance.
- 7. To instill labor skills, teach how to perform simple household tasks, teach the basics of manual labor, productive activities.
- 8. Orient the family towards the spiritual and moral upbringing of children (familiarization of parents with the basics of Orthodox pedagogy and psychology, the formation of ideas about the forms of the traditional family way of life).
Basic principles of the program
I. Principles of spiritual and moral education.
The basic principle of spiritual and moral education is building life on the basis of the requirements of Christian perfection (free recognition of the rule - “Escape from evil and do good”),
Humanistic orientation of education(the attitude of the teacher to the pupil as a responsible subject of their own development) is realized through the formation of an attitude towards oneself, towards the world and with the world (love for one's neighbors).
Conformity(education should be based on a scientific understanding of natural and social processes, be consistent with the general laws of human development in accordance with his sex and age).
culturally appropriate(upbringing should be built in accordance with the values and norms of national culture, in this case, Orthodoxy, and the characteristics inherent in the traditions of certain regions).
Secular nature of education and legality(compliance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation).
II. Principles for selecting the content of education.
Scientific and canonical(combination of modern achievements of pedagogy and psychology with canonicity).
Accounting for the requirements of standard programs.
Multilevel(showing a broad picture of the world, taking into account the age capabilities of children).
III. Principles of organizing classes.
Visibility, consciousness and activity, accessibility and measure, scientific character, taking into account the age and individual characteristics of children, systematic and consistent, strength of knowledge acquisition, connection of theory with teaching practice and life, upbringing in the learning process; variable approach.
Main characteristics of activity
- 1. The combination of education and spiritual and moral education, the integration of spiritual and moral content into aesthetic, intellectual, physical development and labor education.
- 2. The presentation of the material is designed for three years. In the first year, children receive initial ideas about the subject being studied. In the second, work is carried out to consolidate existing knowledge. The third year of study involves the generalization and systematization of the information received.
- 3. The program is designed for three age groups: from 4 to 5, from 5 to 6 and from 6 to 7 years. It does not impose requirements on the content and volume of starting knowledge, as well as on the level of development of the child.
To implement the program, we offer the following methods:visual, verbal, practical.
visual method used during
- reading stories by the teacher;
- excursions to the art gallery;
- observations;
- showing fairy tales (teacher, children);
- examining book illustrations, reproductions, objects;
- conducting didactic games;
- city tours, targeted walks;
- modeling fairy tales.
verbal method appears to be the most efficient
- reading literary works by an educator;
- reading poems by children, educator;
- conversations with elements of dialogue, summarizing the stories of the educator;
- answers to the questions of the teacher, children;
- conducting a variety of games (sedentary, role-playing, didactic, dramatization games, etc.);
- messages of additional material by the educator;
- guessing riddles;
- viewing visual material;
- stories of children according to schemes, illustrations, modeling of fairy tales;
- analysis of everyday situations;
- holding quizzes, contests, theme evenings;
- reading literary works by parents.
practical method used when needed
- organize productive activities;
- conduct games (construction, didactic, mobile, sedentary, staging, etc.);
- prepare various dishes with children (vegetable or fruit juice, mashed potatoes, vegetable soup, etc.);
- arrange a collection of seeds for the lesson;
- sew dolls for fairy tales;
- organize staging of plays, fairy tales, literary works, as well as competitions, quizzes;
- conduct excursions of various directions;
- organize evenings with parents, for parents and peers;
- make visual aids for classes with children.
Forms of work with children.
- Extracurricular activities, conversations, games moral and spiritual-moral content.
- Needlework and all kinds of creative artistic activity children.
- Holding joint holidays.
- Viewing slide films, filmstrips, using audio recordings and technical teaching aids.
- Excursions, targeted walks (around the city, district, to the regional center).
- Children's charity.
- Theme nights aesthetic orientation(painting, music, poetry).
- Organization of exhibitions (joint activities of children and parents).
- Staging musical fairy tales of spiritual and moral content.
- Creative evenings.
- Organization of cohabitation of events by adults and children.
Thus, the program traces several areas of work.
Spiritual and educational
- (classes, conversations, oral teachings).
Educational and recreational
- (holidays, mobile and instructive games, role-playing and building games, pro walks, excursions, hikes).
Cultural and educational
- (meetings, targeted walks, excursions, concerts, viewing filmstrips).
Moral and labor
- (self-service work, group and territory cleaning, hobby work, productive activity, making gifts for the holidays).
The focus of the program is on working with families.
Forms of work with parents:
- parent meetings on spiritual and moral topics;
- lectures for parents;
- open demonstrations of the educational process;
- Q&A evenings;
- holding joint training events (exhibitions, competitions, parental seminars-interviews on a dialogue basis, thematic seminars with the use of LLP);
- optional classes together with parents: questioning and testing of parents in order to identify errors and correct the process of spiritual and moral education in the family;
- individual consultations of specialists;
- visual types of work: information stands for parents, folders, folders, exhibitions of children's work, didactic games, literature;
- excursions;
- home visits;
- conducting social card in order to study, generalize and disseminate the experience of family education;
- individual work with children at home (keeping a notebook of the emotional development of the child);
- holidays, performances, name days of children together with parents;
- joint attendance of divine services and walks around the monastery;
- assistance of parents to the kindergarten (beautification of the territory, participation in the preparation of holidays, minor repairs, chores).
Educational and thematic plan
The course we offer includes classes in the following cycles: "The World Around Us"; "Tree of kindness"; "The land where you live"; "History in architectural monuments"; “What does the fortress tell about?”; "What does the bell sing about?"; "Orthodox Russia in Persons"; "Orthodox culture"; "Masters and Mistresses".
"The world around us"
Classes in this block open the way for children to the moral and religious side of knowing the world around them, draw their attention to its richness, beauty and diversity, teach them to see the difference between the world created by human hands and the world of nature (not made by hands); to understand the need for a careful attitude to all living things, to natural resources, as the only way to preserve them, contribute to the development of the creative personality of the child.
Topics of classes:"Man-made and non-man-made world"; "Earth, space natural phenomena"; "Diversity of the animal world"; "Diversity of plants"; Why does a bird need wings? "Why do we need water?"; “If there was no air” “The world is our home”; “Can we see” “Nutrition, rest, health, illness” “Human life”; "Seasons - weight on"; "Seasons - summer"; "Seasons - autumn"; "Seasons - winter"; "Fish" "Insects"; "Reptiles, terrestrial".
"Tree of Kindness"
"... a good tree bears and good fruit ...".
Gospel of Matthew, ch. 7, Art. 17
Classes in this cycle based on literary works (fairy tales, stories, poems) teach children to distinguish between good and evil, give ideas about the moral freedom of a person, help to see the beauty of moral deeds. The main objectives of the classes: to teach the child to see in himself movements towards good and evil and to distinguish them, to cultivate the desire to make a choice in favor of good, to follow the good inclinations of the heart and conscience (good morals), to form a Christian attitude towards others.
Topics of classes:"Good and Evil: Justice", "Mother and Child"; "Family, home"; "Holy families"; "Obedience and Disobedience" "Brothers and Sisters"; "On friendship and friends" fidelity "; "Who is my neighbor?"; "Greed and generosity"; "Truth and lie"; "How do we visit?"; "Name"; "Motherland"; "Conscience"; "Gratitude"; "Decency"; "Eternity"; "Temperance, Patience"; "Talent"; "Condemnation, humility" "Envy"; "Mercy, sympathy" "Hard work"; "Pure heart"; "Memory"; "Betrayal"; "Forgiveness"; "Modesty"; "On the friendship of boys and girls"; "Courage and cowardice"; "Good words and good deeds"; "Books are our friends"; "Poverty and Wealth".
“The land where you live”, “History in architectural monuments”, “What does the bell sing about?”, “Orthodox Russia in faces”
Classes of these cycles introduce children to their native city (history, architectural monuments, natural and geographical features, the historical significance of the city in the life of Russia, shrines and memorable places of their native land), the history of the Russian state, state symbols, the life of Russian heroes, great commanders, saints ascetics, venerable people of the Russian land.
The main tasks of the cycles: to cultivate feelings of love for one's city, one's country, respect and gratitude for the founders of the city, its defenders, for the people who glorified Russia; pride in the historical past of the Pskov region, the Russian state.
Themes of the cycle lessons "The Land Where You Live" : "The history of the origin of the native city"; "Coat of arms of the city"; "Streets and buildings of the city"; "Parks of the city"; "Monuments of the city"; "City-village".
Themes of the cycle lessons "History in architectural monuments" : temples and cathedrals (the city in which we live).
Themes of the cycle lessons What is the bell singing about? "What are the bells for?"; "Where did the bell come from?"; "Giant Bells"; "How do they cast a bell?"; "Names and fates of bells"; "Bell shape"; "Bells"; "Pages of history"; "The Bells and Their Destinies".
Themes of the cycle lessons "Orthodox Russia in Persons": "Our ancestors. The Baptism of Rus” (“Where did the Russian land come from?”, “Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Princess Olga”, “Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Prince Vladimir”, “Holy Princes Boris and Gleb”, “Holy Prince Vladimir Monomakh”, “Holy Blessed Basil”, “Holy Reverend Nestor", "Saints Anthony and Theodosius of Kiev-Pechersk"). “Saint patrons of the city of Pechora” (“Holy Martyr Cornelius”, “Holy Rev. Mark”, “Holy Rev. Jonah”, “Holy Righteous Vassa”, “Holy Rev. Lazarus”).
“They are revered in Rus'” (holy great martyrs, blessed, reverend, elders, patriarchs).
"Orthodox culture"
Classes in this cycle introduce children to the history of Orthodox holidays, the traditions of Russian culture, how Orthodox holidays are celebrated in Russia, help in preparing and holding (with the participation of children and parents) calendar holidays, and reveal their meaning in life.
The main tasks of the cycle: instill respect and love for the Orthodox traditions of their people; cultivate a desire to imitate good images.
Topics of classes:"Nativity"; "Baptism"; "Candlemas"; "Annunciation"; "Palm Sunday"; "Easter"; "Ascension"; "Trinity Day"; "Transformation"; "Exaltation of the Cross"; "Nativity of the Virgin"; "Introduction to the Temple"; "Assumption"; "Cover"; "Iconography".
"Masters and Mistresses"
In the classes of this block, children get acquainted with the spiritual and moral traditions and way of life in an Orthodox family, the meaningful and expedient arrangement of the subject environment of the Russian home, the features of male and female household chores, traditional preparation and conduct public holidays, learn about the features of different materials and the rules for using simple tools in the manufacture of crafts.
The main tasks of the cycle: education of love, respect and a merciful attitude towards neighbors, the formation of the ability to understand one's place in the family, to actively participate in household chores; orient children to masculine and feminine patterns of behavior.
Forms of work
- 1) Artistic, didactic and constructive games (study of the external and internal decoration of the Russian dwelling, decorative design of household items and utensils, national male and women's clothing, costumes of Russian soldiers).
- 2) Acquaintance with the traditional way of life of Russian people, with the peculiarities of preparing and holding holidays. Holding holidays together with parents, family theatrical performances, holiday concerts, leisure evenings, charity events.
- 3) Artistic and productive activity: making gifts for the holidays; hands-on practice.
- 4) Use in the classroom of plot-role-playing, directing, theatrical and didactic games.
- 5) Acquaintance with Russian folk outdoor games, with oral folk art.
Estimated result
The program of spiritual and moral education aims to achieve the following results.
- Assimilation of virtue by a child, his orientation and openness to goodness, the state of closeness of the soul, inner world to the Supreme.
- Formation of a positive attitude of the child to the world around him, other people and himself, the hierarchy of relations with adults and peers, the creation of an optimistic children's picture of the world.
- The need and willingness to show compassion and empathy.
- Subjective psycho-emotional well-being.
- Raising a sense of patriotism, the need for selfless service for the good of the Fatherland.
- Initiation to the experience of Orthodox culture, familiarity with the forms of the traditional family way of life, understanding of one's place in the family and all possible participation in household chores.
- Active attitude to work.
- Responsibility for your deeds and actions.
The program can be used as a whole (independent course, in combination with other programs), and separate blocks. It can also be used by teachers primary school general education schools.
The main result, which I would very much like to hope for, is the child's assimilation of eternal values: mercy, compassion, love of truth, in his striving for good and rejection of evil.
"Preschool education" No. 5 2004 Publishing house "Education of a preschooler"
Preschool age is an important period for the formation of personality. We all want to see our children happy and healthy. And for this it is necessary, first of all, to lay strong spiritual and moral foundations in education. At present, the problem of raising mentally, psychologically and physically healthy children is particularly acute.
In our difficult time of socio-economic instability and crisis phenomena in all spheres of life, the least protected segments of the population, and especially orphans, are especially hard hit. Children from orphanages have a lot of problems. In preschoolers, attention is drawn to reduced emotionality, passivity in all types of activities (especially in the game), lack of ability to empathize with other people, a visual-effective form of thinking (their peers from the family already have a visual-figurative form), impulsiveness in all types of behavior, its weak awareness, deviations in the development of the self-image; impoverishment of speech; weakness, instability of attention; conflict with peers.
It is at preschool age that the assimilation of social norms, moral requirements and patterns of behavior on the basis of imitation takes place. Why exactly this age cannot be missed for the formation of ideas about good and evil, about moral standards and moral norms of behavior and relationships. It is at preschool age that the assimilation of social norms, moral requirements and patterns of behavior on the basis of imitation takes place. Why exactly this age cannot be missed for the formation of ideas about good and evil, about moral standards and moral norms of behavior and relationships.
The family plays a central role in the mind of the child. What the family is obliged to give the baby, no one but her will give in full. Our task is to preserve and pass on the moral and spiritual customs and values created by our ancestors, and for this we must acquaint children with these customs and values.
In this regard, the task of spiritual and moral education of the younger generation is of extreme importance; it, without exaggeration, must be understood today as one of the priorities in ensuring the national security of the country.
Appeal to the spiritual and moral traditions of domestic education and upbringing seems to us the most promising, since it is associated with the restoration of traditions, way of life and forms of national experience.
Only the traditional way of life can be opposed to the aggressive influence of modern culture and the civilizational model exported from the West. For Russia, there is no other way out of the crisis in the spiritual and moral sphere, except for the revival of the original Russian civilization on the traditional values of national culture. And this is possible if the spiritual, moral and intellectual potential of the bearer of Russian culture, the Russian people, is restored.
By “spiritual and moral education” is meant the process of promoting the spiritual and moral development of a person. Formation from him
moral feelings (conscience, duty, faith, responsibility, citizenship, patriotism), moral character (patience, mercy, gentleness), moral position (the ability to distinguish between good and evil, the manifestation of selfless love, readiness to overcome life's trials), moral behavior ( readiness to serve people and the Fatherland, manifestation of spiritual prudence, good will).
Orthodox pedagogy enriches secular pedagogy with the integrity of world outlook, directing education towards the development of a harmonious personality.
Education given in an educational institution will not bring the expected benefits from it if parents do not try to maintain in their children those good rules of life taught to children by teachers.
Many parents simply do not know that it is at preschool age that the assimilation of social norms, moral requirements and patterns of behavior based on imitation takes place. Why exactly this age cannot be missed for the formation of ideas about good and evil, about moral standards and moral norms of behavior and relationships.
The practice of work on the spiritual and moral education of children shows that the main attention should be paid to work with the family.
The family plays a central role in the mind of the child. What the family is obliged to give the baby, no one but her will give in full. Our task is to help parents realize that, first of all, the family should preserve and transmit the moral and spiritual customs and values created by the ancestors (and for this we must acquaint them with these customs and values) and that it is the parents who are responsible for raising children in front of society, so that children do not become "poor" for them.
The general perspective of our work on spiritual and moral education both with children and with parents provides for the integration of spiritual and moral content into the daily life of both kindergarten and family.
Unfortunately, many parents and teachers have lost a clear understanding of the patterns that determine the development of the child in a particular period of childhood. Raising a baby from the cradle turns into preparation for school and the implementation of a successful career in life. And the pedagogical process, focused on learning to the detriment of education, displaces play, kind and lively communication with peers and adults from the life of a preschooler.
Parents, as a rule, all would like their children to be familiar with traditions, religion and grow up with clear ideas about the norms of morality and morality. Spiritual and moral education is understood as a purposeful activity aimed at familiarizing a person with the Upper and Upper world, at the gradual restoration of the integral structure of the personality, self-determination of a person and the improvement of his virtue.
Currently working with children 5-6 years old, analyzing them, albeit a little experience, in terms of moral and patriotic education, taking part in the competition dedicated to the 700th anniversary of St. Sergius of Radonezh, conducting a survey of parents, there was a desire and need to develop a program for a circle on spiritual and moral education.
Classes under the program of spiritual and moral education "Rodnichok" are designed for 2 years (for children 5-7 years old). They will introduce the kids to the world of Orthodox values of their people through games, fairy tales, songs, needlework, drawings. Gradually, in accordance with age, the children get acquainted with Orthodoxy through stories, films, iconography, holidays. Circle activities should be carried out in the second half of the day, without disturbing the life of preschoolers, in a form that is interesting for children, with the inclusion of subject-practical activities and children's games. The content of the lessons of the Perspective plan of the circle can be changed, supplemented various types activities that, in his opinion, will be more conducive to the implementation of the program content.
Program goal: introducing children to the origins of Orthodox culture, the spiritual and moral traditions of the Russian people; raise a child thinking, virtuous, merciful, conscientious, believing in the possibility of improving the world and people.
Tasks:
1.
Form moral needs, aspirations, feelings:
an active manifestation of a feeling of love and respect for relatives and friends (the desire to do something pleasant for them, to please their elders).
2. Introduce children to the basic concepts of Orthodoxy.
3. Cultivate respect for the moral standards of Christian morality. To teach to distinguish between good and evil, to love good, to be able to do good. To suppress (in various forms) immoral manifestations in the aspirations and actions of the child.
4. Help to gain elementary experience in church life (to teach simple prayers, make the sign of the cross, pious behavior in the Temple, in society).
5. On the examples of the life of the Saints, reveal the moral concepts of kindness, gratitude, mercy, honesty, diligence, obedience.
6. To form a feeling of love for the Motherland based on the study of national cultural traditions.
7. To cultivate a respectful attitude towards Russian folk art.
8. Continue to acquaint children with the life of the Russian people.
9. Develop children's creativity.
Spiritual and moral development and upbringing of children are the primary task of the modern educational system and represent an important component of the social order for education. Education is given key role in the spiritual and moral consolidation of Russian society.
The methodological basis for the development and implementation of the federal state educational standard of general education is the concept of spiritual and moral development and education. The concept defines the goals and objectives of the spiritual and moral development and education of the individual, the system of basic national values, the principles of spiritual and moral development and education of the individual. Education should be focused on achieving a certain ideal. The modern national educational ideal is a highly moral, creative, competent citizen of Russia, who accepts the fate of the Fatherland as his own, aware of the responsibility for the present and future of his country, rooted in spiritual and cultural traditions of the multinational people of the Russian Federation. The program of the circle on spiritual and moral education was developed in accordance with the requirements of the Law "On Education", the Federal State Educational Standard of Primary General Education, on the basis of the Concept of Spiritual and Moral Development and Education of the Personality of a Russian Citizen.
The program has several areas of work:
1.
Spiritual and educational (classes, conversations, teachings).
2.
Educational and health-improving (matinee classes,: mobile and instructive, role-playing and construction, walks, hikes).
3.
Cultural and educational (meetings, targeted walks, excursions).
4.
Moral and labor (productive activity, for example: making gifts, postcards for the holidays).
To implement the program, I suggest the following methods:
Visual-effective, - verbal-figurative, - practical.
A visually effective method :
- display of fairy tales (teachers, children);
- looking at icons, book illustrations, reproductions;
- conducting didactic and musical didactic games;
- observations;
- excursions;
- the embodiment of children's impressions in creative manifestations.
Word-figurative method appears to be the most efficient :
- reading and playing literary works by the educator;
- reading fairy tales and poems by children, educator, followed by dramatization:
- conversations with elements of dialogue, summarizing the stories of the educator;
- answers to the questions of the teacher, children;
- conducting a variety of games (sedentary, role-playing, didactic, dramatization games, with musical accompaniment, etc.);
- messages of additional material by the educator;
- guessing and guessing riddles;
- viewing visual material;
- children's stories about their experiences;
- analysis of everyday situations;
practical method used when needed:
- organization of productive activities: fine arts (Orthodox coloring books, impressions after the matinee), manual labor (“Christmas Nativity Scene”, “Angel and Star”)
- conducting games: with building material (“Steps to the Temple”), didactic (“Good and bad deeds”), mobile (“Help grandfather”), inactive (“Mirilka”), etc.
Forms of work
Reading works of art of spiritual and moral content;
Conversations, conversations-discussions;
Trainings on the formation of communication skills;
Modeling of life situations that require a moral choice;
Productive activity (postcards for the holiday);
Organization of exhibitions;
Games and trainings of spiritual and moral content (“We do good deeds “secretly” like St. Nicholas”);
Learning poems, songs for the holiday;
Targeted walks (for example: participation in the procession);
Classes-excursions (for example: to the Temple);
Meetings with interesting people (for example: art school teachers, members of the church choir.);
Children's charity (gifts for birthdays);
Examination of icons, illustrations, paintings for the holidays;
Organization of music classes, concerts using sacred music;
Making a photo album "Our Holidays";
Exhibitions of drawings, postcards, crafts made by children and children together with adults;
Gatherings-tea parties.
Basic principles of the program
1) Building life on the basis of Christian perfection (“Turn away from evil and do good”).
2) The humanistic orientation (the attitude of the teacher to the pupil as a responsible subject of his own development) is realized by forming an attitude towards himself, towards other subjects and objects (love for neighbors, nature, respect for material values, shrines of our people).
3) Natural conformity (education should be based on a scientific understanding of natural and social processes, be consistent with the general laws of human development in accordance with his gender, age, health).
4) Cultural conformity (upbringing should be built in accordance with the values and norms of the national culture, in this case, Orthodoxy, and the characteristics inherent in the traditions of the region).
5) Corrective orientation (the educational process is built taking into account the primary diagnosis in the child and secondary deviations in development).
6) The secular nature of education and legality (compliance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation and the UN Declaration on the Rights of the Child).
7) Continuity and succession of educational influences (family, preschool, school).
Principles for selecting the content of education.
- Scientific and canonical(combination of modern achievements preschool pedagogy And correctional pedagogy, preschool psychology and special psychology with spiritual institutions).
- Layered Approach(taking into account age, individual capabilities, the state of psychophysical health of children)
Principles of building activities in a circle:
Visibility, consciousness and activity, accessibility and measure, taking into account the age and individual, psychophysical characteristics of children, scientific systematicity and consistency.
The connection of theory with the practice of teaching and life, education and training in the process of play, theatrical action, practical action.
When implementing the circle, it is necessary to interact on a systematic basis with representatives of traditional religious, public organizations and associations. With central libraries, with the Center for Folk Culture "Lad".
Participation of representatives of public organizations and associations, as well as traditional religious organizations, with the consent of the kindergarten administration, in holding certain events as part of the implementation of the program of spiritual and moral development and education of children;
Holding joint activities in the areas of spiritual and moral development and education in an educational institution.
A huge role in the moral formation of the personality of a younger student belongs to the educator, who, being a model for children, must "carry on" moral norms of attitude to their pedagogical work, to children, colleagues. The teacher should be able to organize learning situations to solve problems of a spiritual and moral nature and connect them with real life and social situations; be able to design cases and activities in which the appropriation of cultural patterns and self-determination of students will take place.
Part of the classes of the "Rodnichok" circle should be carried out with the participation of a clergyman, which will allow:
Form a true system of values through the accompaniment of a priest;
To give complete, but accessible to children's understanding of the information;
To form a certain competence of children in behavior in the Temple.
To implement these activities of the circle, the teacher discusses the planned activity with the clergyman in advance, determines the roles in conducting the lesson, prepares necessary material.
Conditions for the implementation of the program "Spring"
For the organization of optimal activities in the Kindergarten, the following conditions are necessary:
1. Interest of the child, his desire.
2. The presence of an Orthodox church teacher.
3. Blessing by the priest of activities for the implementation of the program.
4. The presence of a place specially designated for the study of the circle, design
and corner equipment in the group.
5. Consent of parents.
The group needs to create a church corner. When it is created, the task is realized - the churching of the child's soul through the churching of the kindergarten group. For a prayer corner, a place was allocated where to place icons, a lamp, Orthodox magazines and literature, there is a place for organizing an exhibition of children's works and storing materials on art activities.
Decorating a prayer area.
- Icons on the wall: Virgin and Child (the image of a Mother loving her Child is more accessible to young children); Savior and Saints.
- Shelf. On it are children's prayer books, a children's Bible with pictures, colorfully designed Lives of the Saints, books for reading.
Formation of groups for the holidays.
Since all holidays are associated with a certain time of the year, the theme of the corresponding season is also used in the design of group rooms.
For the holiday of the Nativity of Christ, decorate the Nativity scene in the group. Children's works are used to decorate the group, exhibitions are arranged.
As aids, widely use the Children's Bible, icons, reproductions of famous paintings by artists on the themes of the creation of the world, slides, videos, periodicals "Living Spring", "My Joy!", "Shishkin Forest", etc., publishing various stories, fairy tales, poems , craft games, songs.
Estimated result
The program of spiritual and moral education "Rodnichok" aims to achieve the following results:
- To form a harmonious spiritually healthy personality of the child.
- Build skills interpersonal communication children from a position of equality, respect, mutual understanding.
- To educate, by means of theatrical and musical art, feelings of patriotism, mercy, love of truth, striving for good and rejection of evil, the need to serve people.
- To form the need and readiness to show compassion and rejoicing.
- To introduce children and adults to the experience of Orthodox culture, knowledge about the forms of the traditional family way of life, understanding their place in the family and all possible participation in household chores.
- Create the subjective psycho-emotional well-being of each child.
The results that are not subject to the final assessment of the individual achievements of pupils include:
- value orientations of the child, which reflect his individual and personal positions (ethical, aesthetic, religious views, political preferences, etc.);
- characteristic social feelings(patriotism, tolerance, humanism, etc.);
- individual personal characteristics (kindness, friendliness, honesty, etc.).
The program can be used as a whole (independent course, in combination with other programs), and separate blocks.
Perspective-thematic work plan of the circle "Rodnichok"
| Goals, tasks | Conduct form | Didactic material, equipment |
||
| September | The main idea: the family is an island of love, patience, obedience, salvation. Contents of the topic: Relatives, relatives, Why should you take care of your relatives? Caring for loved ones. The commandment "Honor your father and your mother." The meaning of the proverb "Whoever honors his parents, he never perishes." Basic rules of honor and respect for elders. What destroys the family (quarrel, disobedience, wrong actions, resentment, laziness). What builds a family (love, patience, respect, mutual assistance, tenderness). | Conversation "Pure in heart" (on the example of the Romanov family | The book "Children about the saints: pure in heart», family photos, literary series for classes in kindergarten: D. Gabe "My family" |
|
| Feast of the Protection. | To acquaint children with the holiday, its customs, traditions, as it was celebrated in Rus' | Entertainment with a show of the puppet theater "Sharf-Pokrov" | Poems, riddles on the topic; puppet show |
|
| Fine art activity: "Our Pokrov" | Arouse the desire in children to portray the impression of the holiday | productive activity | Brushes, paints, wax crayons, A3 paper |
|
| Give children the concept good word”And show by example that it conquers grief, and saves from misfortune, but an evil word destroys and causes pain. | Constructive activity "Construction of the temple". A conversation about honesty, love, kindness. Consideration of illustrations, icons about the childhood of the Virgin. | Construction material, illustrations of the Saints, the icon of the Virgin |
||
| Reading and discussion of literary works about St. Nicholas. Dramatization of the story "Wonderful Dream". The game of spiritual and moral orientation "Assistant of St. Nicholas". Conversation "How I congratulated my family on the holiday" Lesson on manual labor (design) on the topic: "The ship of St. Nicholas." | To introduce children to St. Nicholas the Pleasant, with his affairs; give an idea why he was canonized as a saint. Remind the children what deeds are worthy of respect. | Slide show "The Life of Nikolai Ugodnik", modeling the situation "Preparing for the holiday at home", showing how to design from paper. | Slides, tableware, decorations, paper, glue. |
|
| Reading and discussion of literary works about Christmas, learning poems. Conversations and modeling of life situations about mercy, kindness, love for neighbors. A musical lesson using sacred music. Manual labor on the theme: "Christmas cards". Mercy Days. Preparing gifts for orphans for Christmas. | Continue to introduce children to one of the bright holidays"Christmas", with traditions, to arouse desire in children, to tell how they celebrate and prepare for this holiday at home. | Conversation, looking at illustrations, situation simulation, music lesson, manual labor | Photos, illustrations about the holiday "Christmas", a selection musical works, postcards with the image of "angels" and "Christmas" |
|
| Making a photo album "Our Holidays". Selection of video materials for the film "Our Holidays" Conversations about Orthodox holidays. | Recall with children what holidays we celebrate in our country, how they differ from Christian Orthodox holidays, introduce the traditions and customs of Orthodox holidays | Selection of photos for the design of the album, a conversation about Orthodox holidays with a presentation "Orthodox holidays" | Photos, album, presentation |
|
| Entertainment Maslenitsa. ( puppet show- Fairy tale "Adventures on Maslenitsa") Outdoor game "Help grandma (grandfather)". Visual activity on the theme: "Shrovetide has come to us." Mirilka game. | To acquaint children through active forms of activity, with the traditions of celebrating Maslenitsa | Puppet show, didactic games, productive activities | Puppet show, manual for didactic games, from materials |
|
| Puppet show - Fairy tale "Easter story". Talk about church bells. Excursion to the Temple "Easter bells". Manual labor: "Pysanka", " Easter card". Reading literary works, learning poems about Easter, spring. | Continue to acquaint children with Orthodox holidays, with their customs and traditions; to acquaint with different types of bells, with their sound; arouse desire, please loved ones by giving them a postcard | Preparing for a performance, viewing slides, listening to bell music, manual labor, talking about what was read | Costumes, scenery, music CDs, art materials, natural material, books |
|
| Truth and lie | Explain to children the concepts of "truth" and "falsehood", why it is impossible to deceive, the possible consequences of deceitful deeds, The meaning of the proverb: "Truth loves light, and lies love darkness." | Didactic game "Circle of Wishes", modeling the situation "Liar", reading a literary work | Ball, doll, Sukhomlinsky’s work “Why did Seryozha feel ashamed” and “I won’t do it anymore” |
Bibliography
- Orlova N. “ABC for Orthodox children”.
- Kostyunina T. "Christmas meetings" m.: "Preschool education", 2005 (12).
- Gladkikh L. “Domestic pedagogical literature as a factor in strengthening the spiritual and moral health of the family and children” - m.” Preschool education”, 2006 (1).
- Alekseeva A. “On Orthodox preschool education in Russia”. - m. "Preschool education", 2004 (1).
- Sultanova N. “Spiritual and moral education of preschoolers”. - m. "Preschool education", 2004 (5).
- "Merry Christmas" w. “God's World” 1, 2005
- "Trinity" “God's World” 3, 2005
- “Christmas celebration by Russian peasants” - m.: “Preschool education”, 1995 (12).
- “Christmas holiday and Christmas time” - m .: “Preschool education”, 1994 (12).
- Zelenova N.G. Osipova L.E. " We live in Russia. Civil and patriotic education of preschool children. Senior group". Publishing house "Scriptorium" 2003.
- Makhaneva M.D. Moral and patriotic education of preschool children. Toolkit. Publishing house "Sphere", 2009.
- Fesyukova L.B. "Comprehensive classes on the education of morality in children 4-7 years old" series "Professional training". Phoenix Publishing House, 2008
- Orthodox magazine "Foma", article: "The Heritage of Sergius of Radonezh" (archival materials), author Moiseenko A., 8-10-2013.
- Website "Wikipedia"
