“Organization of work on studying traffic rules in kindergarten. Material on the topic: “traffic rules in kindergarten
Remember!
The child learns the laws of the roads, following the example of family members and other adults. Especially the example of dad and mom teaches disciplined behavior on the road not only to your child, but to other parents.
Take care of the child!
Start with yourself.
Teaching the rules traffic does not begin when the child takes his first steps. Much earlier, he remembers how his loved ones behave (both positive and negative behavior). Therefore, learning the rules of behavior on the road begins with how adults behave in similar situations - you yourself, your husband, grandparents, brothers and sisters, as well as everyone with whom your child comes into contact in one way or another. Before you cross the road with your child in your arms or in a stroller for the first time, learn to behave on the street the way you would like your child to do.
Remember these simple rules rules:
* You should walk along the sidewalk as far as possible from the roadway;
* When crossing the street, you should stop at the roadway and look left, then right and quickly left again;
* Start crossing the street only when the traffic light is green;
* Cross the street if possible safe places- at a traffic light, at a zebra crossing, or at least at an intersection - car drivers are more attentive here;
* Never rush headlong into traffic.
You will best overcome your “inner looseness” if you, your relatives, friends and neighbors mutually control each other. You should not take your first experience of mastering the rules of the road lightly. Without this foundation, you cannot move forward at all. Also talk with everyone who surrounds your child about how much responsibility they can take on for his behavior on the street today. Specific tip: whenever you “catch” yourself violating traffic rules, clearly understand what tiny gain in time this brought you.
In early preschool age, a child must learn:
* Traffic Laws;
* road elements (road, roadway, sidewalk, shoulder, pedestrian crossing, intersection);
* vehicles (tram, bus, trolleybus, a car, truck, motorcycle, bicycle);
* traffic control means;
* red, yellow and green traffic lights;
* rules for driving on roadsides and sidewalks;
* rules for crossing the roadway;
* you cannot go out on the road without adults;
* rules for boarding, behavior and disembarking on public transport.
To do this you need:
1. introduce the rules only to the extent necessary for assimilation;
2. to familiarize yourself, use traffic situations when walking in the yard or on the road;
3. explain what is happening on the road, what vehicles he sees;
4. when and where you can cross the roadway, when and where you can’t;
5. point out rule violators, both pedestrians and drivers;
6. teach your child the rules of riding a bicycle (where you can ride and where you can’t, how to give signals to turn and stop);
7. When riding a bicycle with a child, stay behind to control the child and mark his mistakes;
8. secure visual memory(where the vehicle, road elements, shops, schools, kindergartens, pharmacies, pedestrian crossings, traffic lights, safe and dangerous routes to the kindergarten);
9. develop spatial awareness (close, far, left, right, in the direction of travel, behind);
10. develop an understanding of the speed of pedestrian vehicles (moving quickly, slowly, turning);
11. do not intimidate a child on the street: fear of transport is no less harmful than carelessness and inattention;
When leaving home
If there is possible movement at the entrance of the house, immediately pay attention to the child to see if there is any approaching traffic. If there are vehicles parked at the entrance or trees growing, stop your movement and look around to see if there is any danger.
When driving on the sidewalk
Stick to it right side. The adult must be on the side of the roadway. If the sidewalk is next to a road, parents should hold the child's hand. Teach your child to carefully watch cars leaving the yard while walking along the sidewalk. Do not teach children to go out onto the roadway; push strollers and sleds only on the sidewalk.
Getting ready to cross the road
Stop and look at the roadway. Develop your child's observation of the road. Emphasize your movements: turning your head to scan the road. A stop to inspect the road, a stop to let cars pass. Teach your child to peer into the distance and distinguish between approaching cars. Do not stand with your child on the edge of the sidewalk. Draw the child's attention to a vehicle preparing to turn, talk about the turn signal signals on cars. Show how the vehicle stops at the crossing, how it moves by inertia.
When crossing the roadway
Cross the road only at a pedestrian crossing or at an intersection. Go only when the traffic light is green, even if there are no cars. When going out onto the roadway, stop talking. Don't rush, don't run, cross the road calmly. Do not cross the street at an angle; explain to your child that this makes it harder to see the road. Do not go out onto the road with a child because of traffic or bushes without first inspecting the street. Do not rush to cross the road, if on the other side you see friends, the right bus, teach your child that it is dangerous. When crossing an unregulated intersection, teach your child to carefully monitor the start of traffic. Explain to the child that even on the road where there are few cars, one must cross carefully, as the car can leave the yard, from the alley.
When boarding and disembarking from transport
Get out first, ahead of the child, otherwise the child may fall, run out onto the roadway. Approach the door to board only after coming to a complete stop. Do not get on transport at the last moment (you may get pinched by the doors). Teach your child to be careful in the stop zone - this is a dangerous place (poor view of the road, passengers can push the child onto the road).
While waiting for transport
Stand only on landing areas, sidewalks or curbs.
Street Switching Skill: When approaching a road, stop, look around the street in both directions.
The skill of calm, confident behavior on the street: when leaving home, do not be late, leave early so that you have a margin of time when walking calmly.
The skill of switching to self-control: the ability to monitor one's behavior is formed daily under the guidance of parents.
Danger anticipation skill: the child must see with his own eyes what the different objects There is often danger lurking on the street.
It is important that parents be an example for children in observing the rules of the road!
Don't rush, cross the road at a measured pace!
When going out onto the roadway, stop talk - child I must get used to the fact that when crossing the road you need to concentrate.
Do not cross the road when the traffic light is red or yellow.
Cross the road only in places marked with the “Pedestrian Crossing” road sign.
Get off the bus, trolleybus, tram, taxi first. Otherwise, the child may fall or run onto the road.
Invite your child to participate in your observations of the situation on the road: show him those cars that are preparing to turn, driving at high speed, etc.
Do not leave with your child from behind a car or bushes without first checking the road - this is typical mistake, and children should not be allowed to repeat it.
Dedicate a separate walk to the rules of crossing the road. Check whether your child understands them correctly and knows how to use this knowledge in real driving situations. To do this, practice crossing a pedestrian crossing together through a one-way and two-way roadway, through controlled and unregulated intersections.
During the holidays, it doesn’t matter whether your child stays in the city or leaves, you need to take every opportunity to remind him of the rules of the road. Do not leave children unattended on the street, do not allow them to play near the roadway.
Teach children with early age follow traffic rules. And don't forget that personal example- the most intelligible form of training.
With the development of the technical process, the speed of movement and the density of traffic flows on the streets and roads of our country are growing exponentially. In this regard, the number of road traffic accidents is also increasing. The number of accidents involving children is also growing.
These road accidents are most often caused by children themselves. This is caused by ignorance of the basic principles of traffic rules and the indifferent attitude of adults towards the behavior of children on the roadway. Left to their own devices, children, especially younger age, pay little attention to the dangers on the road. This is explained by that children lack that defensive reaction on the road conditions that are typical for adults. That's why they calmly run out onto the road in front of a moving car.
To protect a child from danger, you need to start preparing him for the street as early as possible, familiarize him with the rules of the road, road signs, teach him how to navigate in space, and develop his skills for behavior on the street and in transport. This will reduce the likelihood of road accidents.
The work on teaching traffic rules is carried out by me according to the program “From birth to school” edited by N.E. Veraksa, T.S. Komarova M.A. Vasilyeva and begins already from a young age, with successive complication of tasks
PurposeThis work is to create conditions in the group that optimally ensure the process of teaching preschoolers the rules of the road and developing in them the necessary skills and abilities, developing positive, sustainable habits of safe behavior on the street.
Tasks:
Formation of safe behavior skills on the roads in children through practical activities;
Consolidation of traffic rules and practical skills of behavior in the playing space;
Continuation of work on enriching the vocabulary, developing dialogical speech;
Teaching children to apply their knowledge in specific situations;
Increasing the pedagogical literacy of parents on the issues of safe behavior of children on the roads.
Work to prevent road accidents I I build in accordance with the following principles organization of the educational process:
The principle of consistency – any new stage in a child’s education is based on the child’s experience in the previous one.
Operating principle - inclusion of the child in play, cognitive, and search activities in order to stimulate an active life position.
Principle of integration - integration of all types of children's activities, educational areas implemented in the educational process.
The principle of a differentiated approach - solving the problem of effective pedagogical assistance to children in specially created pedagogical situations, not according to traffic rules, but according to the rules of safe behavior on the road.
The principle of age targeting - the same content is used to work in different groups with complication corresponding to the age characteristics of children.
Principle of continuity interaction with a child in conditions preschool and families - nothing convinces better example parents.
Familiarization of children with the rules of safe behavior on the roads is based on the increasing degree of complexity of the work, starting with the elementary tasks of raising children in the first junior group and ending with more complex concepts that the children of the preparatory group must learn: after all, most of them will go to school on their own.
1st junior group
Formation of primary ideas about cars, streets, roads.
Introduction to some types of transport.
Getting to know the driver's job
2nd junior group.
Expansion of orientation in the surrounding space.
Introduction to the concepts: “street”, “road”, “traffic light”
Stories for children about the work of a driver.
Formation of the ability to distinguish vehicles: cars, trucks, special-purpose vehicles
Formation of primary ideas about safe behavior on the roads
middle group
Development of observation skills, the ability to navigate the premises and area of the kindergarten, and the surrounding area.
Continued acquaintance with the concepts: “street”, “road”, “traffic light”, “intersection”, “Stop” and basic rules of behavior on the street.
Clarification of knowledge about the work of a policeman and the purpose of a traffic light.
Introduction to various types of urban transport, special vehicles and their purposes
Familiarization with traffic signs “Pedestrian crossing”, “Public transport stop”
Formation of cultural behavior skills in public transport.
Senior group
Clarifying children's knowledge about the elements of the road (roadway, pedestrian crossing, sidewalk), about traffic flow, and about the operation of traffic lights.
Familiarization with the names of the streets closest to the kindergarten and the streets where children live.
Familiarity with traffic rules, rules for the movement of pedestrians and cyclists.
Continued acquaintance with road signs: “Children”, “Tram stop”, “Bus stop”, “Pedestrian crossing”, “First aid station”, “Food station”, “Parking area”, “No entry”, “Road works” ", "Bike Lane".
Preparatory group
Systematization of children's knowledge about the structure of the street and traffic. Introduction to the concepts of “square”, “boulevard”, “prospect”.
Development of free orientation within the area closest to the kindergarten.
Formation of the ability to find the way home from kindergarten.
Continued acquaintance with road signs - warning, prohibiting and informational.
Bringing children to understand the need to follow traffic rules.
Expand children's understanding of the work of the traffic police.
Fostering a culture of behavior on the street and in public transport.
When working with children I use the following: Methods and technologies:
Project method;
Modeling of dangerous and safe road situations;
Personality-oriented technology;
Game learning technology;
Method of observation and conversation.
Separately, I would like to dwell on project activities, the organization of which helps to deepen children’s understanding, allows them to express their attitude to the problem, which ultimately develops cognitive abilities, creative thinking and their communication skills. A project may combine different directions, and therefore their content may be different. Project activities may include:
Experimental research activity;
Visual activities;
Theater activities;
Creation of newspapers, albums;
Competitions, quizzes;
Exhibitions;
Holidays and entertainment.
Participants in project activities can be children, parents, group teachers, and kindergarten specialists. Let me give you an example informational - practical creative project in the older group. Application No. 1
The work of teaching children safe behavior skills on the streets should under no circumstances be a one-time event. It must be carried out planned, systematically, constantly. It should cover all types of activities so that the child passes the acquired knowledge through productive activity and then implemented in games and Everyday life outside of kindergarten.
The main forms of work with children in preschool for teaching the rules of the road:
Directly organized activity;
Games
Conversations
Targeted walks (on the territory of the kindergarten, to the bus stop, to the intersection)
-V meetings with traffic police officers
Watching cartoons, listening to CDs
Holidays, leisure, entertainment
Competitions, exhibitions.
When familiarizing children with the rules of the road great importance has a subject-development environment. My group has created a road safety corner.
To familiarize children with the rules of the road I use:
Attributes of the road patrol service: batons, helmets, signs;
Transport for various functional purposes (trucks and cars, buses, trains, fire engines and postal vehicles, ambulances) health care" etc.);
Traffic lights, figures of people (pedestrians, drivers, traffic controller);
Various pictures, cubes, mosaics;
Posters;
Scene pictures reflecting traffic situations;
Attributes for role-playing games, games of traffic controllers, drivers and pedestrians (rod, whistle, cap, arm ruffles, breastplates various types transport, etc.);
Road signs.
When working with children to teach traffic rules, I use printed board games.
I designed the “Crossroads” layout in the group. It greatly facilitates the work of familiarizing children with the rules of the road. Using this model, my children and I simulate dangerous and safe situations on the road."
In order to enrich the experience of older children preschool age throughout the year I spend targeted walks and street tours. Children observe how pedestrians and vehicles interact, how traffic lights work
I always pay attention to different weather, due to which a traffic accident may occur (ice, rain, fog).
While observing, I pay attention to how an old man or a disabled person is helped to cross the road. In the kindergarten area, you can make a pedestrian path with “safety islands” and invite children to practice following the rule: when crossing, first look to the left and then to the right.
Ideas gained on targeted walks are reinforced in the process of organized educational activities: children draw, make appliqué, build streets from a floor constructor and play out different situations.
My students constantly participate in holidays and entertainment in accordance with traffic rules. In games and entertainment, children easily and quickly remember things that may seem boring and uninteresting to them.
Since senior group, I organize exhibitions of children's drawings and crafts based on traffic rules.
Undoubtedly, the kindergarten needs to constantly maintain contact with the family. Uniform requirements for children from educators and parents will contribute to children’s successful mastery of the ABCs of traffic.
When working with parents, I widely use:
Information stands, mobile folders;
Parent meetings, conversations with the participation of a psychologist, traffic police inspectors and other interested parties such as: “Why are traffic rules necessary”, “Discipline on the street is the key to pedestrian safety”, “ Typical cases childhood injuries, measures to prevent them”, etc.
Master classes at which parents are introduced to the scope of knowledge and skills offered to children (traffic rules, traffic lights; zebra crossing; responsibilities of pedestrians and passengers).
I make sure to inform parents about what work is being done in the group to prevent road accidents. To reinforce the program material, I give the children homework assignments, which they complete under the guidance of adults. For example, remember the way home from kindergarten, draw the street where you live. Parents can comment on the child’s drawing, clarify what he drew, where the pedestrian crossing is in the drawing, etc. I explain to parents the need to instill independence in their children when moving along the street. For this purpose, you can give children instructions to game form: “Today you will take me to kindergarten, bakery, etc.”
Appropriate fiction, posters, and films will help parents consolidate and expand their children’s understanding of traffic rules.
I will definitely organize master classes and parent conferences where parents share their experiences of family education.
Systematic work with children on teaching traffic rules, the use of effective, modern methods and receptions, accounting age characteristics, partnerships with parents provide positive results. Diagnostics of knowledge of traffic rules and safe behavior shows that all children have mastered road signs well, know the rules for crossing the road with and without traffic lights, and are well aware of the rules of behavior for passengers.
Download the application
Bibliography:
1. Avdeeva N. N., Knyazeva O. L., Sterkina R. B. Safety: Tutorial on the basics of life safety for children of senior preschool age. – M.: LLC Publishing House AST - LTD, 1998.
2. Avdeeva N. N., Knyazeva O. L., Sterkina R. B. Safety on streets and roads: A methodological guide for working with preschool children. – M.: LLC Publishing House AST - LTD, 1997.
3. Belaya K. Yu., Zimonina V. N. How to ensure the safety of preschoolers. – M.: MIPKRO, 1998.
4. Saulina T. F. Three traffic lights. – M.: Education, 1980.
5. Stepanenkova E. Ya. For preschoolers - about the rules of the road. - M.: education, 1978.
6. Golitsina N.S., Lyuzina S.V., Bukharova E.E. "Lifestyle for older preschoolers"
7. V.A. Dobryakov “Three traffic lights”, M. education, 1978.
Gamova Irina Valentinovna
teacher of II qualification category
MKDOU "Kindergarten "Solnyshko" in the city of Shchigry, Kursk region"
The city where
We live with you
You can rightfully
Compare with the ABC book.
ABC of the streets
Avenues, roads
The city gives us
Lesson all the time.
Here it is, the alphabet
Along the pavement.
Signs posted:
Over your head
ABC of the city
Always remember
Whatever happens
You're in trouble.
In order to release a child into the world, the task of adults is partly to prepare for the difficulties he will encounter. One of these important points will become correct behavior on the streets and roads of the city. The responsible role assigned to preschool educational institutions is to prevent child injuries on the road.
From June 15 to 19 in our kindergarten passed Traffic rules week, dedicated to developing safe behavior skills in preschool children in the surrounding traffic environment.
For a long time, kindergartens have been systematically working to teach children traffic rules.
Teachers of senior groups: No. 3 Ambrister G.V., No. 4 Aksyonova N.B., No. 5 Ivanova L.N. Over the course of a year, children of senior preschool age were taught safe behavior in the road environment. Introduced to the meaning of road signs, taught to understand them schematic illustration for correct orientation on streets and roads.
We held thematic conversations and quizzes with the children: “Road ABC”, “Pedestrian on the street”, “Crossroads”, “Your friend is a traffic light”, “Why are road signs needed? ”, “City streets”, “What road signs do you encounter on the way to kindergarten?”, “We are passengers”, “We are pedestrians”, “The main parts of the street”.
We showed the presentation “Studying traffic rules”.
Children are given excursions, targeted walks along the city streets, observing moving vehicles, examining road signs, excursions to intersections and traffic lights.
Together with their parents, the children drew pictures “My Street”. The teachers and the children created a stand using drawings.
At meetings with parents on the topic “Roads and Children,” teachers raised questions about how to teach a child to behave safely on the street.
At meetings with parents on the topic “Roads and Children,” teachers raised questions about how to teach children to behave safely on the street. Additional instructions are provided to parents on the prevention of children's road traffic injuries.
Music directors developed a short-term summer project on traffic rules. The children learned songs about the traffic light, the Zebra, and road signs. With the children of group No. 4 we prepared the dance “Fun Traffic Light”. Gr. No. 5 unlearned interesting scene according to the traffic rules “The road to the tower”.
On June 18, a traffic holiday “Green, Yellow, Red” was held, to which an inspector from the traffic police Sokolova T.P. was invited.
She held a conversation with children on the prevention of child road traffic injuries. She noted the children's good knowledge of the rules of children's play. All children were given “Best traffic rules expert” badges. The most active experts were awarded certificates. Feedback from parents about the holiday is high.
The event we conducted to interact with families is aimed at creating positive cooperation between children and their parents in joint activities, and contributes to children’s upbringing respectful attitude to traffic rules and their compliance.
Material prepared by:
musical directors:
Ponomareva L.A., Turcheneva S.V.
"OrganizationworkBystudyTraffic rulesVchildren'sgarden»
Every year in our country the length of highways, the flow of cargo is growing, production a large number of buses, trucks and cars. High speeds and traffic intensity require precise attention from vehicle drivers and pedestrians. Traffic safety largely depends on the discipline of drivers and pedestrians. Road users must not only know, but also strictly follow the rules. Pedestrians are the most vulnerable road users. Road traffic accidents involving children are of particular concern.
In our kindergarten, the issue of children's safety on the streets and roads is paid to great attention. Teachers use various manuals to familiarize preschoolers with the rules of the road.
Main goals:
Development in children cognitive processes necessary for them to navigate correctly and safely on the street;
Improving the forms and methods of work of preschool educational institutions to promote traffic rules;
Strengthening the role of the teaching staff and parents in ensuring road safety among children;
Formation in children of skills and sustainable positive habits of safe behavior on the street.
Kindergarten teachers carry out purposeful systematic work to teach children safe behavior on the streets and roads. The work system includes:
1. Classes to teach children the rules of behavior on the streets and roads. 2. Excursions and targeted walks along the streets of the village. 3. Monitoring of passing vehicles.
4. Plot-role-playing road themed games.
5. Conversations with the traffic police inspector.
6. Holidays and entertainment using fairy tale characters.
7. Drawing and craft competitions on the theme “My Street”, “The Most Important Sign”.
8. Showing films and cartoons on learning traffic rules.
9. Joint and productive activities in the production of attributes for games and street models.
10. Instructing children on traffic rules.
11. Joint events with parents.
Familiarization of children with the rules of the road begins with the younger group with subsequent complication. In each group, conditions have been created for the implementation of tasks on this topic: there is methodological literature, a long-term plan for the year has been developed, the development environment is constantly enriched educational games, toys, fiction, illustrations and pictures, photographs, attributes for role-playing games. Didactic and visual aids: educational cartoons “At Auntie Owl’s” and “Smeshariki on the Road”.
The preschool institution has created the necessary conditions, facilitating children’s learning of the pedestrian alphabet: corners are designed according to studying traffic rules, where you can see street models, road signs, illustrated posters and books on the topic, there is a card index of cartoons, and role-playing games have been made by educators with the participation of parents. Children play with great pleasure and consolidate their knowledge.
Children learn best through play. In the kindergarten area, using road markings, games are played: “Drivers and pedestrians”, “Road signs”, “Pedestrian crossing”. There is a parking lot for bicycles and baby strollers, where parents leave their vehicles while their children are in kindergarten. 
Children enjoy participating in play activity, receive the practical skills and abilities they need in life situations on road.
Frequent guests in our kindergarten are children's theaters with performances according to traffic rules: “Dunno Visiting Children”, “Advice from the Smart Owl”, “Travel to green light».
Excursions along the streets of the village are also organized with children, where they observe traffic. Children express their impressions in stories and drawings. Then an exhibition is organized children's creativity.
The result educational work become holidays and entertainment. Children recite poems, sing songs, dramatize fairy tales, solve riddles, and answer quiz questions.
Traffic police officers are welcome guests in the kindergarten. They tell children what incorrect behavior on the road and lack of knowledge of traffic rules can lead to, conduct interesting competitions and quizzes.
Held big job with the parents of the students. Annual classes are organized with parents who have cars on organizing a driving culture (safe Baby chair, compliance with the rules on the road). Group and general meetings are held regularly parent meetings, round tables, seminars on this topic with the participation of traffic police officers.
In each age group Corners for parents on road safety have been created. The corner for parents contains: information about the state of road traffic injuries, the causes of road accidents involving children, recommendations for parents on teaching children how to behave safely on the road, a list and description of games aimed at strengthening children's knowledge of the Rules of the Road. Reminders and booklets on compliance with traffic rules are distributed to parents. 
The main thing for educators and parents in introducing preschoolers to the rules of the road is to convey to children the meaning, the need for knowledge and skills on this issue. And it is always necessary to remember that a child learns the laws of the roads by following the example of family members and other adults. The result of work on road safety is the education of competent and disciplined road users.
Every year kids come to us, and our task is to prepare them for life in society, to warn them from danger on the roads. For a child, the family is a source of social experience. Here he finds role models and this is where his social birth. And if we want to grow morally healthy generation, then we must solve this problem together: the kindergarten and the family.
Teaching children traffic rules and road safety in preschool educational institutions
The article is intended for teachers and parents,
since the safety of children on the road and in life depends on them.
Relevance: The issue of ensuring human safety on the road arose simultaneously with the advent of cars, and then began to intensify with the development of the automotive industry. Disappointing reports about road accidents involving minor children leave no one indifferent.
Statistics show that children themselves are often the cause of road accidents. A child is not an adult vertically challenged, his body is in a state of growth and development, and not all the functions of the psyche that are so necessary for adaptation in the world are fully formed. Children are dynamic, excitable and at the same time scattered, they are not able to foresee danger, assess the real distance to a moving car, its speed, as well as their capabilities. Therefore, it is necessary to draw the attention of the public, the media, employees of transport organizations, parents to this problem. The same reason explains the need to ensure increased traffic safety on the road at the state level.
Teaching junior and senior preschoolers in kindergartens traffic rules (traffic rules) and preventing child injuries on the roads is an obligatory part of the educational process in preschool educational institutions. The requirements specified in educational program on teaching children road alphabet, should become more complex depending on the age of the children.
In our preschool every year, events are organized and carried out aimed at the prevention and prevention of road traffic injuries:
A regulatory framework for the prevention of road accidents has been developed;
In each group, according to the age of the children and the requirements of the program, there are road safety corners, illustrative material, as well as recommendations for parents on the prevention of road traffic injuries;
Teachers collect didactic material, make a variety of educational games, organize joint activities(entertainment in which children and their parents participate, excursions, thematic discussions).
In our work we implement different techniques and methods. The most effective way bringing elementary rules Road behavior for children is a game where they are participants. During the game, children learn the basic rules and requirements, understand who a pedestrian, a driver and a traffic controller are.
During construction games and corners according to traffic rules, children play, and at the same time gain knowledge that there are houses on the streets, large and small, sidewalks, and streets. While playing with cars, they notice that there are cars and trucks, they learn the rules of behavior in transport, when crossing the road, on the sidewalk, and become familiar with traffic lights.
Also in the traffic rules corner, children see an intersection, become familiar with zebra and dividing line markings, and learn the concepts of one-way and two-way traffic.
While playing, children learn to cross the road correctly and learn that there are signs on the roads that warn drivers and pedestrians about what lies ahead.
Most of the work on teaching preschoolers the rules of the road occurs in the older and preparatory groups. Children at this age already have certain knowledge and ideas about the road, drivers, pedestrians and passengers.
Therefore, in these groups the content of the material is more complex: in corners of traffic rules available different types crossroads with markings, sidewalks, different types of signs, transport stops, etc. Children get acquainted with the concept of "multi-lane traffic", "safety island", with the means of regulating traffic on the road.
In the organisation role-playing games The creation of a subject-development environment is of great importance. For this purpose, the preschool educational institution has road signs and a traffic light. Here, children can not only play, but also work out and consolidate their knowledge of the rules of behavior for a cultured driver and pedestrian, road signs, and together with the educator they analyze situational tasks for road safety.
To help educators to organize the training of children in traffic rules, there is an educational and methodological complex: demonstration and didactic material, file cabinets of games, abstracts of classes, riddles, poems, long-term plans introducing children to the rules of the road according to the age of the children.
Work of preschool educational institution on students’ mastery of safe traffic rules can give effective result only when working together with parents.
When organizing this cooperation, one must remember that it should not be declarative. In order for parents and children to show interest in the road alphabet, we organize various activities: contests, quizzes, holidays.
During school year exhibitions of drawings with the involvement of parents "Safety on the road" are held. Such events are important, because children and parents, when participating in them, act as one team, and sometimes children become teachers of their parents. After all, many parents still do not think about the problem of children's safety on the road.
It is impossible to instill the skills of safe behavior on the road by reasoning about caution alone. The rules of the road and safe behavior on the road should be taught to the child from the very moment he began to walk on his own.
So, teaching children the basics of "travel literacy", the teaching staff of our preschool institution adheres to the rules:
To instill in preschoolers a culture of behavior on the road, and not to mechanically memorize traffic rules with children;
Combine the study of the Rules and the development of coordination, attention in children, and observation;
Apply all available methods and forms of work: games, conversations, productive activities, quizzes, practical exercises, reading books, showing videos, excursions.
All this is necessary to form and consolidate in children the skill of safe behavior on the road.
Parents younger preschoolers:
You are a model of behavior and an object of love and imitation for your child. Keep this in mind the moment you step onto the road with your baby.
To prevent a child from getting into trouble, you need to instill in him respect for the rules of the road every day, unobtrusively and with patience.
A child should only play in the yard under the supervision of adults and know that he must not go out onto the road!
You should not frighten your child with possible circumstances, but you should observe situations with him on the road, in the yard, on the street, and explain what is happening with pedestrians and vehicles.
Introduce your child to the rules for pedestrians and the rules for vehicles.
Develop your child's attention, visual memory. For this house, create game situations. In the drawings fix the impressions of what you see. Give your child the opportunity to bring you to the kindergarten, and in the evening to the house.
At this age, a child should know:
You can't go out on the road.
You can cross the road only with an adult, holding his hand.
You can't break out.
You can cross the road only at a pedestrian crossing at a calm pace.
Pedestrians are people who walk along the street.
In order for there to be order on the road, there are no accidents, so that a pedestrian does not get hit by a car, everyone must obey the traffic light: red light - no traffic, and green light says: “Pass on, the path is open.”
There are different types of cars, they are transport. The cars are driven by drivers (chauffeurs). Cars (transport) move along the road (highway, pavement).
When we travel on a trolleybus or bus, we are passengers.
When we travel in public transport, we cannot lean out of the window; we need to hold on to mom, dad’s hand or the handrail.
For parents of older preschoolers:
Your baby has grown up, he has become more inquisitive, his life experience has been enriched, and he has become more independent. But your authority has not diminished at all. You still remain a faithful assistant for him in instilling cultural behavior on the street and in public transport.
Knowing individual characteristics your child (temperament, intelligence, nervous system etc.), continue to help him master the science of respect for the street: not intrusively, but persistently, patiently, systematically.
Cultivate in your child the habit of being attentive, prudent and careful on the street.
On the way to kindergarten, home, on a walk, continue to consolidate the knowledge acquired earlier, ask problematic questions, pay attention to your actions, why you stopped in front of the pedestrian crossing, why you stopped in front of the road and exactly here, etc.
At this age, a child should know and perform following rules:
You need to walk on the sidewalk on the right side.
Before crossing the road, you need to make sure that there are no cars by looking left and right, after which you can move, after first looking in both directions again.
You only need to cross the road at a walk.
You must obey traffic lights.
In transport you need to behave calmly, speak in a quiet voice, hold on to an adult’s hand or a handrail so as not to fall.
You cannot stick your hands out of the window of a bus or trolleybus.
You can enter and exit the transport only when it is standing.
You can only play in the yard.
Observe with your child situations on the road, in the yard, pedestrians, discuss what you see with your child. Read a suitable instructive work of art to your child, and then offer to talk about what you read; you can draw a corresponding picture.
Road safety lessons for parents
Child in arms. Be attentive and careful - the child, being in your arms, blocks your view of the road.
Child in a sled. Remember that sleds tip over easily. This should not be allowed either on the roadway or near it. Look at your child more often. Try to walk in the middle of the sidewalk, away from the "icicles".
Exit from public transport. Let the adults always go out first when receiving the child, as he may break free and run out onto the road. When walking on steps that are designed for an adult, a child may fall. Extreme care is needed when you are the last passenger to leave or enter. The driver may not notice the child standing on the steps, whom you were preparing to pick up when you got out; he will consider that the disembarkation is over, close the door and drive off. Therefore, you need to not be the last one to leave, either take the child in your arms, or warn the driver before leaving.
Travel by public transport. When driving on a bus, you need to take a stable position; you need to be especially careful near the driver’s cabin and when preparing to get off.
Hand in hand with a child. On and near the road, always remember that a child may struggle. This situation often happens and leads to traffic accidents. The child may try to escape if he sees dear friends, relatives, etc. on the other side.
Learn to observe. While the child is on the street next to you, it is during the period from 2 to 6 years old, during walks, on the way to kindergarten and back, that it is best and most convenient to instill in him the skills mentioned above! Use the opportunity while you are next to your child on the road to teach him to observe and recognize road “traps.” Let him also observe, reflect, and not just trust you when crossing the road. Otherwise, he will get used to going out onto the roadway without looking.
Example of parents. One wrong action by parents in front of the child, or together with him, can cross out a hundred correct instructions in words. Therefore, never rush with your child on the roadway, do not cross the road while rushing to the bus, and do not talk about extraneous things while crossing the road. Do not cross the road diagonally, or on the side of the crossing, at a red light. This is the only way to ensure maximum safety for your child on the road.
If the child wears glasses. On the road very important role has “lateral vision”, since the pedestrian crosses the road while being sideways to the vehicle. Since “lateral vision” is weakened with glasses, it is necessary to teach the child to observe with redoubled care, to recognize “obstructed view” situations. Even more carefully teach your child to estimate the speed of approaching traffic.
So, only a culture of parental behavior, strict adherence to traffic rules, patience and responsibility for the life and health of your child will help us together to educate and instill in him the habits and skills of safe behavior on the street!
Bibliography
O.A. Skorolupova “Classes with children of senior preschool age on the topic “Rules and road safety.” M.: “Publishing house Scriptorium 2003”. 2004
E.Ya. Stepankova, M.F. Filenko “For preschoolers - about the rules of the road.”
"Traffic Laws". Comp. N.A. Izvekova and others. M: “TC Sfera”. 2005
"Traffic Laws". M: “The Third Rome”. 2006
“Directory of a senior teacher of a preschool institution.” No. 2/2007
“Soviet encyclopedic dictionary”, M: “Soviet encyclopedia”. 1987
“The Good Road of Childhood”, No. 18 (156). 2007
