What can be done to prevent a stroke. How to prevent a second stroke. Drugs for the prevention of stroke

A stroke is a serious circulatory disorder of the brain. For normal functioning, the main organ of the central nervous system requires oxygen and useful material. With a stroke, the brain, without receiving necessary nutrition, gradually dies off, which leads to a violation of the functions of the body, which are subject to the damaged area of ​​the brain. Fortunately, the causes that obstruct blood circulation can be eliminated, which greatly reduces the likelihood of serious consequences. Learn more about how to prevent a stroke in the brain, will be discussed in this article.

Stroke can be hemorrhagic or ischemic, and if the first often leads to serious complications or even death of the patient, but is quite rare, then the second, on the contrary, is diagnosed much more often.

An extremely severe form of the disease that usually occurs within 3-5 minutes. The danger of the hemorrhagic type is that this disease often leads to death. In the process of developing pathology, the patient's vessels literally burst, resulting in a hemorrhage in the brain. Symptoms come on suddenly: at first, the patient feels headache and confusion, and after that it turns off.

The suddenness of the development of hemorrhagic stroke makes the disease extremely dangerous for the health and life of the patient, since it is far from always possible to provide first aid. At the slightest suspicion of illness, you should immediately call an ambulance. This will buy time, which in this case not so much.

Hemorrhagic stroke - consequences

With the development of an ischemic form of stroke, the patient has a slowdown in blood circulation in the brain area. This leads to the fact that many body systems cannot function normally due to damaged tissues. Often a stroke leads to a heart attack.

On a note! Thrombosis and embolism are the main causes of circulatory disorders, which is why ischemic stroke occurs. Doctors associate it with diseases of the cardiovascular system.

At-risk groups

There are certain factors that contribute to the development of a stroke. These include:

• congenital vascular pathologies;
• heredity;
• unbalanced diet, the use of harmful products;
• long-term use of hormonal drugs in the treatment of various diseases;
• drug abuse, substance abuse, drug use and other ways of toxic effects on your body;
• smoking and drinking alcohol;
• patient's age. According to statistics, most often a stroke occurs in patients whose age exceeds 50 years;
• gender of the patient. The male half suffers from stroke attacks much more often than the female.

On a note! Often after stroke patients may develop atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, cardiovascular insufficiency and arterial aneurysm. Also, men can increase the level of cholesterol in the blood. Stroke is a serious and very dangerous pathology so you need to learn to recognize its symptoms.

Characteristic symptoms

Stroke patients experience a variety of disorders that interfere with full life. First of all, they affect speech and motor functions, and also affect the organs of vision. Stroke survivors need the right and timely treatment irreversible consequences, brain damage. But the success of treatment depends on how quickly the first signs of a stroke are recognized.

Table. Early symptoms of a stroke.

Ignoring the problem is strongly discouraged, so if you find any of the above symptoms, call an ambulance immediately. To help doctors with treatment, try to remember the exact time of onset of suspicious symptoms. Even if the symptoms appeared without accompanying pain, this does not mean that the visit to the doctor can be canceled or postponed until later.

Ways to prevent stroke

This disease makes an active and cheerful person disabled, who, after a stroke, is not able to take a shower, get dressed or even eat on his own. Of course, you can reduce the likelihood of a disease on your own, but this requires not only desire, but also patience and dedication, since such a process takes more than one week. This requires the development of new habits in lifestyle and nutrition. stick step by step instructions below to avoid stroke.

Step 1. Check the level daily or at least 2-3 times a week blood pressure. If it is not possible to perform this procedure at home, then seek help from a hospital. For a nominal fee, doctors can see you periodically. If your blood pressure rises, take urgent measures to stabilize it, because this is one of the precursors of a stroke.

Step 2 As medical practice shows, people suffering from diabetes are more likely to experience a stroke than healthy people. Therefore, you need to take measures to reduce the likelihood of high blood sugar. To do this, you need to revise your daily diet and add more fiber-containing foods to it. Doctors also recommend limiting the amount of sweets consumed.. This does not mean that sweets and cookies should be completely abandoned, but they should be consumed in moderation.

Step 3 To reduce the risk of stroke, you need to constantly monitor your weight. It's no secret that overweight prevent the body from fully functioning, so try to always keep yourself in shape. To do this, you need to practice regularly. active species sports and lead a healthy lifestyle. Not required to visit Gym and strain, trying to lift an unrealistic weight. You can visit a dance school or ride a bike daily - this will be enough.

Step 4 If possible, give up the use of alcoholic products, as it leads to vasoconstriction and, as a result, an increase in blood pressure. There is no need to completely eliminate alcohol. For example, many doctors recommend drinking red wine periodically. It has a positive effect on cardiovascular system, if only to drink in small portions. A small glass a day should be enough.

Step 5 Another cause of stroke is smoking. Cigarette smoke, penetrating into the human body, constricts blood vessels, due to which blood pressure rises. As a result, blood flow to the brain is hindered, which, in turn, leads to the development of many serious illnesses, including lung cancer and stroke. Therefore, in order to avoid this unpleasant pathology, first of all, doctors recommend quitting smoking. In addition, good cigarettes are an expensive pleasure, taking several thousand rubles a month from a heavy smoker. And such an initiative will not only protect you from many pathologies, but also help save the family budget.

On a note! In addition to all these recommendations, doctors also recommend getting at least 7 hours of sleep. Only proper rest will help prevent the development various pathologies. But in the case of a stroke, too much sleep is also harmful, so try to set your alarm clock so that sleep takes from 7 to 9 hours.

As a conclusion

Physical activity, which was mentioned earlier, also helps prevent the development of a stroke, but only if there is no overwork of the body. Also, if you are involved in weightlifting, it is better not to engage in such a hobby. It is enough to go to the gym 2-3 times a week to keep your body in good shape. This will improve blood flow to all parts of the body. On rest days, you can just go hiking on fresh air– it will only benefit. If it so happened and you do not live in the most ecologically clean region, then as a preventive measure it is advisable to go on vacation to the mountains or to the sea at least once a year. Mountain/sea air will purify the lungs and prevent the development of a stroke.

As you know, stroke and other diseases are not terrible for those people who care about their health. You need to start hardening your body not in old age, but even from a young age, especially if the family has already had stroke attacks before. Giving up bad habits, eating healthy and exercising regularly will certainly give a positive result.

Also to be avoided stressful situations, so if you work, for example, as a cashier in state bank, then to prevent a possible stroke, it is advisable to change the place of work to a calmer one.

Video - Ischemic cerebral stroke

AND Strokes don't happen all of a sudden.
You hardly think about it, but women aged 35-64 are 3 times more likely to have a stroke than men of the same age. Female mortality from strokes is also higher: according to statistics, 60% of cases end in the death of the patient. What happens to the body during a stroke? In a certain part of the brain, blood flow decreases or stops altogether. This happens when a blood clot blocks an artery or capillary in the brain (ischemic stroke) or a blood vessel bursts in the brain and bleeds (hemorrhagic stroke). In both cases, cells in the damaged area of ​​the brain stop receiving oxygen and begin to die. Why are women at higher risk of getting sick? One of the main reasons is excess weight which multiplies the risk. That is why it is very important to monitor blood pressure, cholesterol and blood sugar levels, and pulse rate. If you're even slightly overweight, talk to your doctor about whether you're at risk for a stroke. And, if the doctor decides that you are at risk, you need to change your lifestyle and undergo treatment. One of the most serious mistakes is to assume that strokes happen suddenly. In fact, the prerequisites are formed gradually, sometimes over several years. And patients themselves can do a lot to protect themselves from the disease.

Eat foods that are good for the brain.
One of the most effective means stroke prevention is sold in any grocery store and it costs a penny - it's an ordinary beetroot. This root crop is rich in nitrites - substances that can lower blood pressure. Some researchers believe that beetroot can improve blood flow to the brain and even stimulate the growth of young blood vessels. So include beets in your diet and stick to simple rules healthy eating: Eat more vegetables, fruits, fish, lean meats, whole grains, healthy fats. And minimize your intake of sugar and junk food.

Remove the salt shaker from the table.
The habit of adding salt to a finished dish in a plate is one of the most dangerous. Excess salt leads to high blood pressure, and this raises the risk of stroke. These days, most women keep a close eye on the amount of sugar, but few pay attention to salt. Meanwhile, fast food, canned food, groceries fast food literally stuffed with salt! Sausages, sausages, smoked meats, frozen pizzas and lasagna are foods that we all need to avoid, regardless of gender and age. Try not to exceed the recommended norm - 5-6 g of salt (1 teaspoon) per day.

Remember the main signs of a stroke.
One of possible symptoms A stroke is a loss of sensation in the arms and legs, most often on one side. But how to understand whether a person really had a stroke or just lay his leg in a dream? In addition, with short-term ischemic disorders (microstrokes), a person may complain only of weakness and headache. How to figure it out? Remember 4 main signs.
Smile. With a stroke, it turns out to be a curve: one corner of the mouth rises, the second falls down.
Speech. The man speaks slowly, stammering.
Hands. The victim of a stroke will not be able to evenly raise two hands in front of him, one will be lower.
Tongue. It looks asymmetrical or falls to one side.
If you notice at least some of these signs in yourself or loved ones, you need to call as soon as possible. ambulance: if you start treatment in the first three hours after an attack, the chances of recovery increase many times over.

Refrain from hormonal contraception,
if you are at risk. At least one of your blood relatives Have you had a heart attack or stroke? you suffer from high blood pressure? Do you smoke? Have doctors ever diagnosed you with deep vein clots? All these factors, combined with the use of hormonal contraceptives, can lead to the formation of a blood clot, which can clog a vessel and provoke a stroke. When choosing contraceptives, be sure to discuss with your doctor a possible predisposition to a stroke and, in any case, stop smoking.

Don't tilt your head
longer than 2-3 minutes. This blocks the vertebral arteries that supply blood to the brain, and this can lead to a stroke. Keep this in mind at the barbershop when you get your hair washed, and don't settle for "sittin' by the sink for a few minutes while the mask soaks in." In some cases, the blood supply may be interrupted even when a person watches fireworks or works in the garden with his head thrown back for a long time.

Stay calm - your life depends on it.
The most dangerous thing for health is chronic stress, which leads to increased pressure. If you are on edge all the time, noisily sorting things out with your family every day and nervous at work, feeling unhappy - this increases the risk of a stroke. Chronic stress from day to day weakens the body, provoking inflammatory processes and increased secretion of the hormone cortisol, which leads to cell damage. Be mindful of your state of mind and it will benefit your physical health

In most cases, acquired disease is the result of wrong image human life. It often occurs due to the wrong actions of the victim, who independently brought himself to such a disorder. If such a problem has already occurred, you need to know how to avoid a second stroke. In such a situation, it is important not to put the body at risk, so as not to repeat an acute and sudden disorder.

As a rule, much depends directly on the actions of the patient himself, it is he who must take all measures to rid the body of stress. According to Russian scientists, people who have had a stroke after the age of 45 are “under the gun”, the likelihood of a second stroke increases by more than 15 times. It is also important that the relapse in 30% of cases occurs no more than a year after the completion of the full course of treatment.

A stroke of the brain is the most common attack, which occurs in 85%, the rest of the patients suffer directly from hemorrhagic strokes. At the same time, more than 30% of people turn to specialists for help again within only 1 year. The causes of a recurrent stroke lie in the deterioration of the quality of life (saturated with fast food and fatty foods), as well as in the regular stay of a person in a state of stress.

repetition acute symptom more often than others, people who have a lack of oxygen, which should be saturated with the vessels of the brain, are exposed. As practice shows, almost 70 out of 100 people who had an attack again died as a result.

Prevention of recurrent stroke includes a number of necessary measures. The patient should not only know the causes of the development of the disorder, but also be able to provide first aid. In fact, there is no time to waste, even a couple of minutes can sometimes play a role. In particular, if there is a blockage of a large artery, it will take a couple of minutes to completely destroy the neurons. The work of the patient's heart depends on the supply of blood vessels of the central nervous system with oxygen.

Causes affecting the recurrence of a stroke

The likelihood of a second stroke is especially high among those patients who succeeded. Such people lose their vigilance so much that they do not take into account the doctor's prescription at all, stop following a diet, and use the necessary medicines. Among other things, those people who have bad habits, who abuse alcohol, smoke, and take drugs come to repeat the exacerbation.

Those patients who prefer to eat fatty, spicy and sweet foods, obesity and pressure drops are also prone to developing a second stroke - symptoms that accelerate the development of the disease. Even with a slight deviation from the recommendations of the doctor and an improvident attitude, everything, coupled with the environmental situation, reduces the likelihood of a favorable outcome. Therefore, even those patients who quickly came to their senses after that should not hope that after the second case everything will be resolved quite simply and without a trace.

Diagnostics and prevention

If such an ailment as a stroke recurs, the outcome of the situation depends only on the speed of action of the people around the patient. If there is a re-attack, you should know that its symptoms will completely coincide with those signs that accompany the initial attack. As a rule, the patient develops nausea, palpable dizziness. In addition, one may feel severe weakness, his speech and vision will deteriorate, part of his face will sag. To help a person, one should not look for manifestations of all indicated symptoms, it is enough to find at least one similarity. the main task assistant - to plant the patient or give him a horizontal position, which will measure the pressure. If specified indicator exceeded 160 mm Hg. Art., do not delay, it is necessary to call an ambulance.

First aid, which should be provided to a patient with a repeated attack of a stroke

A recurring attack of stroke requires careful handling of the patient, who must be laid down in an attempt to reduce pressure. Not knowing the specifics specific person, the presence of allergies to certain drugs, you should not give him medicines that they have not taken before. If there are signs of a relapse, it is preferable to give the patient an aspirin tablet, which should be washed down with plenty of water.

It is very difficult to give a specific prognosis for life in such a situation, however, you can try to alleviate the attack at home, for this it is necessary to explain to the patient that he must breathe deeply. At the same time, it is extremely important to deep breaths not indoors, but outdoors. After hospitalization, a patient with similar symptoms is subjected to a serious examination. He is sent for an MRI of the brain and an ECG.

The indicators revealed after the delivery of a general blood test can become extremely important. In the event that the attending physician becomes aware of the presence of a blood clot, most likely, measures will be taken to eliminate it as soon as possible.

Indicators subject to primary control

Know how to prevent repeated stroke of the brain, any person who has already suffered a similar attack should. It is important to understand that his future fate and his condition directly depend on the actions of the patient. With the right approach, the likelihood of a re-attack can be minimized. In practice, it has been proven that a primary stroke that did not leave severe damage in the patient's body, if it occurs again, can cause damage that cannot be corrected later. If a second attack is not prevented, it will be possible to damage both motor and mental abilities.

Precursor symptoms of a recurring disease may appear in the form of jumping blood pressure. Doctors recommend that everyone, especially elderly patients, have their own blood pressure monitor, through which you can regularly measure pressure at home.

The risk of recurrent stroke is especially high among hypertensive patients and people with even a slight deviation from the norm. Especially prudent should be those whose upper indicator often exceeds the bar of 140 mm., And the lower one - 90 mm. rt. Art. If pressure surges are noted from time to time, you can take funds that would help normalize this indicator. However, with illiterate consumption different drugs not the most pleasant outcome is possible; in the event of any ailment, it is necessary to urgently consult a doctor. In some cases, installed on early stages atherosclerosis helps doctors respond as quickly as possible and prescribe proper treatment in the hospital.

diet as medicine

To prevent a recurrent ischemic stroke, the consequences of which may be simply irreparable, it is necessary to take as many measures as possible to keep the vessels clean. If the vessels are not cluttered with cholesterol and plaques, the risk of a recurrence of an attack is reduced. To do this, you just need to exclude junk food from the diet. Forbidden foods include everything sweet, fatty, fried, flour. It is undesirable to consume eggs and liver in unlimited quantities. It is better to refrain from smoking and alcohol altogether, filling the body with vitamins and microelements contained in supplements.

To prevent the manifestation of the disease from recurring, it is advisable to include pomegranate or kiwi in the diet daily. Nutritionists note the benefits of germinated wheat germ and citrus fruits, which can cleanse the body of cholesterol, while cleansing the blood. No less useful fresh juices home cooking, in which a small amount of olive or linseed oil is added.

Knowing the causes of a recurrent stroke, you can start consuming budgetary preventive medicines. The simplest and useful medicine"Aspirin" can become, which is recommended to be used a quarter of a tablet daily. The only thing that people suffering from ulcers or other stomach problems should know is that the use of citrus fruits and the intake of Aspirin should be excluded, taking as medicinal product"Cavinton".

We protect the body from overload by exposing it to moderate stress

Anyone who leads an active lifestyle can talk about what methods should be used and how to avoid a second stroke. There is one unspoken rule, according to which it is necessary to work without overloading the body, and to rest only with benefit. If we are talking about the elderly, then many summer residents who have been actively working in the beds with almost early spring until late autumn, constitute the main risk group, bringing your body to overwork.

There is nothing better than work done for joy. At the same time, spending a lot of time outdoors, you should not work more than 5 hours a day. At the same time, you should regularly take breaks in work, for at least 15 minutes doing therapeutic exercises.

Conclusion

If the first symptoms of a stroke were not long in coming, each victim should know what to do in such a situation. The presence of a serious ailment of the brain can be recognized by several signs. In particular, we are talking about pressure surges, a worsened blood test, as well as general fatigue and overload. To prevent the attack from recurring, the patient must carefully monitor the intake. medicines, consuming medicines only according to the schedule and prescriptions of the doctor.

A second stroke attack can be avoided if planned necessary examination, monitor your diet, eliminate bad habits. No less important is an active lifestyle, devoid of overload and severe stress.

In order not to repeat the situation, you should be attentive to your health, not ignoring minor symptoms. If the patient managed to consult a doctor in time, no later than a 3-hour break, the consequences of a stroke can be cured with a 90% probability. As a rule, at such a moment the health of the victim largely depends on the speed of reaction of others.

According to statistics, every fifth patient dies from a stroke. This is due to untimely help or insufficient awareness to recognize the first warning signs diseases. Stroke prevention helps reduce risks by 80%.

The disease is not always fatal, but most survivors remain serious violations health. These patients require long-term rehabilitation.

The article will focus on the primary and secondary prevention of stroke as the main condition for the timely prevention of the disease.

This is a disease that is associated with a violation of the blood circulation of the brain. There are two types of the disease: hemorrhagic and ischemic. In the first case, the patient has a rupture of cerebral vessels, followed by hemorrhage. In ischemic stroke, blockage or spasm of the blood vessels occurs.

According to statistics, the nominal hemorrhagic form is most common, it causes serious consequences if a person is not given first aid in time. Most often, the peak incidence occurs in the spring season. Ischemic stroke is primarily associated with impaired basic circulatory functions.

The blood carries oxygen through the vessels and nutrients to various organs, including the brain. If this process is disturbed, it does not receive enough oxygen, and ischemia begins. Very important place in the prevention of these diseases is the prevention of stroke of the brain.

Who is at risk

An increased risk of stroke is noted in the following categories of patients:

• with low insulin production (diabetes), high blood cholesterol and arterial hypertension;
• with a genetic predisposition, especially if stroke prevention measures are not followed;
• elderly people (after 55 years).

Timely prevention of a stroke will avoid negative consequences.

The main causes and provoking factors

How to avoid a stroke? First of all, it is necessary to deal with groups of risk factors for the development of the disease:

• predisposing. This includes the person's age and heredity. These factors cannot be adjusted. It is worth noting that men have a stroke in more early age than in women;
• behavioral. In this case, the causes of development are bad habits (smoking, alcohol abuse), unhealthy diet and lifestyle, long-term medication, etc. A person has a direct influence on these factors and may well change them;
• metabolic. In this case, the main cause is diseases that are a consequence of a violation metabolic processes in the human body (diabetes, high cholesterol, hypertension, some, etc.).

Doctors say that the disease in most cases is caused by vascular pathologies (for example, the development of atherosclerosis due to a failure in lipid metabolism).

The normal blood pressure level is 120/80. In the modern world, when a person suffers from the effects of a frantic pace of life, young people are often diagnosed with a hemorrhagic type of stroke. If a patient has persistent high blood pressure, then at the slightest decrease in it, the brain undergoes ischemic attacks, as a result.

Stroke prevention

The question of how to prevent stroke is one of the most relevant for different groups population. All preventive measures fall into two main categories:

• primary - aimed at reducing the risk of developing the disease;
• secondary, which should include measures to eliminate the underlying cause of the pathology.

Prevention includes visiting medical institutions, taking medications at home or using traditional medicine. Let's consider each of the points in more detail.

Regular examination

How to prevent a cerebral stroke? To do this, first of all, you need to undergo regular inspection, which will help to establish possible deviations.

Prevention of stroke and heart attack is closely related and includes:

• MRI and CT diagnostics of the blood vessels of the head, which helps to detect possible aneurysms or malformations. The insidiousness of these diseases lies in the fact that they do not manifest themselves in any way until the moment of hemorrhage;
• donating blood to determine the level of lipids. Atherosclerosis is caused by an increase in cholesterol in the blood, it is accompanied by the formation of so-called vascular plaques that interfere with normal blood circulation;
• blood pressure monitoring allows you to establish possible deviations from normal values. In this case, the doctor prescribes stabilizing drugs;
• under constant stress, it is necessary to take sedatives or mild antidepressants, which are excellent preventive medicine for stroke;
• control of blood glucose levels in diabetes will help to avoid the development of stroke and heart attack.

To reduce the risk of developing this disease, it is recommended to limit all bad habits (smoking, drinking alcohol), play sports and eat right. ABOUT additional methods research is decided by the doctor, based on the patient's history.

Medications

How to prevent stroke with drug therapy? Prevention in this case involves taking drugs that prevent changes in lipid levels and glucose in the blood, pressure surges and blood clotting disorders. Let's consider each of the points in more detail.

You don't have to take medication to lower your cholesterol. Sometimes it is enough to exercise regularly, control your weight and give up bad habits. Among the drugs, doctors distinguish the following:

• taking statins allows you to block enzymes that contribute to the formation of cholesterol;
• antioxidants block the oxidation of atherogenic lipoproteins and increase the level of "useful" cholesterol. Fibrates have the same property;
• to block the processes of absorption of bile acids by organs gastrointestinal tract use special preparations - sequestrants;
• fish oil is prescribed to increase the rheological functions of the blood;
• medicines containing nicotinic acid are taken to lower triglyceride levels.

Glucose control drugs are used in patients with diabetes. These include insulin, antiarrhythmic and antianginal agents. They help in the treatment of cardiac pathologies and act as an excellent prevention of stroke.

With blood pressure readings above 140, patients are prescribed special stabilizing medications that can reduce the risk of developing many diseases, including stroke:

• drugs with a diuretic effect, which help to reduce the volume of circulating blood;
• drugs that block substances that narrow the walls of blood vessels (ACE inhibitors);
• medicines to normalize the heart rhythm (beta-blockers);
• calcium antagonists, dilating blood vessels;
• to reduce heart rate and kidney failure use medicines from the group of sartans.

When diagnosing atherosclerosis, it is very important to monitor the function of blood clotting, this will reduce the risk of developing thrombosis.

• acetylsalicylic acid;
• anticoagulants;
• clopidogrel hydrosulfate.

The doctor prescribes the course and duration of drug therapy individually for each patient. It is very important to take drugs according to the prescribed scheme, only in this case, preventive measures will be considered effective.

Folk remedies

Stroke prevention with folk remedies includes taking various infusions and decoctions based on medicinal plants. Consider the most popular:

• alcohol infusion based on spruce cones. To do this, you need 5 medium-sized cones pour 0.5 liters of 70% ethanol. Insist for 2 weeks in a dark place. Treatment is carried out every six months. Use 1 teaspoon of tincture in the morning after a meal;
• tincture of Sophora japonica. The percentage of plant and ethanol is 1:5. Insist at least 3 days in a dark place. Take 20 drops 4 times a day after meals. This tool helps to strengthen the walls of blood vessels;
• pass through a meat grinder 1 lemon and an orange with zest. Add a little honey to the resulting mass. Consume 1 teaspoon in the morning after meals. This remedy help lower blood cholesterol levels;
• drinks based on fresh ginger root. It can be teas or decoctions. In dried form, this component is added to dishes during cooking;
• grind garlic and lemon with zest in the same proportion, add the same amount of honey. Consume 1 teaspoon per day. This tool cleans the blood vessels well, you need to store it in the refrigerator.

Healthy lifestyle

Proper nutrition and regimen will help both prevent the first stroke and prevent a relapse. Any bad habits are excluded. Smoking increases the risk of blood clots and rupture of blood vessels. To reduce the level of cholesterol in the blood, products that contain it are excluded.

You need to enrich your diet with foods rich in fiber (oatmeal, fresh vegetables and fruits, etc.). Better to use olive oil limit the intake of animal fats. Preference should be given to lean meats and fish. Cholesterol levels must be monitored at least once every 4 years.

In addition to a healthy diet, you need to exercise regularly. It is recommended to perform physical exercise in the morning after waking up and at the end of the day.

It is very useful to walk more often in the fresh air, visit the pool or gym. At the same time, strong loads that provoke blood circulation disorders should be avoided. Thus, by adjusting your lifestyle, you can significantly reduce the risk of stroke.

How to prevent another stroke

So, the information on how to prevent a stroke is described above. However, you should not lose vigilance if the disease has been cured. Prevention of recurrent stroke is very important. This is especially true for the female half of patients. They are very often long time use oral contraceptives, which are one of the causes of the development of the disease.

In addition, during childbirth, patients experience sharp jumps in blood pressure, which often leads to rupture of blood vessels. The period of menopause is often accompanied by migraines and pressure drops. Therefore, women should be especially careful about the prevention and treatment of any disorders in the body.

After a stroke, the risk of developing a second one increases several times. Secondary stroke prevention includes:

• refusal of tobacco products and other bad habits;
• following a strict diet that excludes everything fried and fatty;
• constant pressure control to prevent cerebral spasm.

During the first year after a stroke, a patient must be regularly examined by a specialist, fulfill all the requirements of the rehabilitation period:

• take medications;
• Healthy food;
• do regular exercise, walk in the fresh air;
• always have first aid medicines with you;
• take all necessary tests.

By following these simple rules, you can reduce the risk of a recurrence by several times.

Conclusion

Stroke is a very dangerous disease that, if not treated in time, leads to disability or death.

It is very important to carry out stroke prevention, which requires compliance with the rules healthy lifestyle life and nutrition, regular exercise and taking certain medications.

It is necessary to undergo examinations by specialists and pass all tests for the timely diagnosis of violations.

ONMK - dangerous state often resulting in disability or death of the patient. In medicine, stroke prevention plays important role, because the timely identification of patients at risk and the elimination of provoking factors helps prevent the development of pathology. Consider what causes a stroke and how to avoid the development of acute ischemia of the brain tissue.

Factors that increase the risk of stroke

Acute cerebrovascular accident with subsequent ischemia of the brain tissue is caused by blockage blood vessel thrombus or atherosclerotic plaque. The following causes thromboembolism:

• hypertonic disease;
• atherosclerotic deposits on the vessels:
• overweight;
• emotional overload and frequent stress;
• diabetes;
• hypodynamia;
• smoking;
• alcohol abuse.

Less commonly, the causes of CVA are:

• heart diseases;
• high blood clotting;
• pathological slowing of the blood flow;
• lipid metabolism disorder;
• cervical osteochondrosis.

Significantly increases the risk of developing acute ischemia age. Men over 40 and women over 50 are more likely to develop stroke. Prevention of cerebral stroke is to eliminate or reduce the influence of provoking factors. You should consult with your doctor about how to protect yourself from a stroke. The doctor will select preventive measures, taking into account the diseases that a person has.

Types of preventive measures

Prevention of ischemic stroke is of 2 types:

• Primary. The person is at risk for the development of pathology and the doctor in this case gives recommendations on how to avoid a stroke.
• Secondary. There has already been an acute ischemic attack and secondary prevention of stroke is aimed at preventing a possible relapse of the disease.

Also, preventive measures are carried out taking into account the gender of the patient:

• Prevention of cerebral stroke in men focuses on proper nutrition, normalization of lifestyle and the rejection of bad habits. Representatives of the stronger sex tend to eat at catering points, preferring to eat fatty foods, drink alcohol and work without rest.
• Prevention of cerebral stroke in women is carried out taking into account the characteristics of lifestyle. Beautiful ladies rarely abuse fatty foods while dieting and maintaining a figure, but they react more sharply to stress, are more likely to worry and worry, and also take contraceptives.

When diseases or provoking causes are identified, a person, recommending ways to prevent stroke, is given a memo that describes the main tips for preventing the development of pathology.

How is prevention carried out?

Primary and secondary preventive measures are almost the same. They are aimed at eliminating provoking causes or reducing the harmful effects of those factors that cannot be removed.

Prevention consists of a set of measures:

• changing eating habits;
• fight against hypodynamia;
• rejection of bad habits;
• reception medications.

Changing eating habits

To prevent stroke, it is necessary to review the diet. When compiling the menu, give preference to:

• vegetables;
• berries;
• fruit;
• nuts;
• fish.

It is better to cook food in a slow cooker or bake - during frying, excess cholesterol appears in food.

Scientists have proven that the frequent consumption of raisins, bananas, sweet potatoes and tomatoes significantly increases the risk of developing acute ischemia by 20%. This is because the listed products contain a large number of potassium.

But the prevention of cerebral stroke should not be reflected in the balance of nutrition. Daily food intake should contain the required amount of proteins, carbohydrates and fats.

The fight against hypodynamia

Busy modern man sedentary work in the office, rarely finds time for sports. Arriving home, women begin to cook and clean the apartment, men prefer to “relax” at the computer or in front of the TV, and this leads to stagnation of blood and the formation of blood clots.

One of the ways to prevent stroke is moderate physical activity. But when choosing a sport, it should be remembered that excessive physical exercise no less harmful than hypodynamia. Doctors recommend:

• swimming;
• yoga
• medical gymnastics;
• cycling;
• hiking.

If you don't have time to exercise, the alternative is to walk to and from work. Such a walk will not only strengthen blood vessels and improve overall blood flow, but also increase tone.

Rejection of bad habits

These 2 bad habits increase the risk of blood clots and atherosclerotic plaques and negatively affect general condition vessels. Stroke prevention should start with avoiding alcohol and smoking.

Medications to prevent stroke

Special anti-stroke drugs have not yet been created and therapy is carried out with drugs that can reduce bad influence on the vessels of disease provocateurs.

Preparations for the prevention of stroke are selected from several groups. Depending on the disorders that have arisen in the body, they are prescribed:

• Antihypertensive drugs. They use long-acting medications (Prestarium, Enap, Larista), which prevent the rise in blood pressure and short-acting (Physiotens, Captopril) - to stop crises. Hypertension is a common factor provoking acute, and normalization of pressure reduces the risk of developing pathology.
• Diuretics (Furosemide, Lasix). Medicines increase diuresis, remove excess fluid from the body, and help eliminate swelling. They are prescribed for malignant forms of hypertension as an addition to antihypertensive therapy, heart failure and other diseases accompanied by the development of edema.
• Antiplatelet agents (Trombo ACC, Cardiomagnyl). Tablets reduce blood clotting, improve blood flow and reduce the likelihood of a blood clot.
• Statins (Simvastatin, Pravastatin). Cholesterol medications are prescribed for high cholesterol levels to prevent the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.

Medicines for the prevention of stroke and their dosage are selected individually, taking into account the deviations that have arisen in the body. Self-medication with medications is unacceptable and can provoke serious complications.

It is important to remember that it is necessary to follow all the recommended preventive measures. If a person takes pills, but continues to smoke, eat fatty foods and move a little, then this will not help to avoid stroke.

Special attention to risk groups

Particular attention is paid to people at risk:

• hypertensive patients with frequent rises in blood pressure to high numbers;
• persons with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus;
• people with diagnosed hypercholesterolemia.

Also, the risk group includes all patients over 65 years of age and having a hereditary predisposition to the disease (close relatives had stroke).

Such people should regularly monitor:

• glucose level;
• cholesterol content;
• blood viscosity.

At arterial hypertension medicines are selected to prevent the development of hypertensive crises.

Often, patients at risk have already had a microstroke, and the disorder in the brain tissue that has already occurred serves additional factor risk that increases the likelihood of acute ischemia. Patients from risk groups need to follow medical recommendations: what to do so that there is no stroke.

Patients are divided into 2 groups: some are afraid of the development of stroke and suspect pathology when any deterioration in well-being occurs, others ignore the symptoms that have arisen. You need to see a doctor immediately if the following symptoms appear:

• clouding of consciousness;
• general feeling of discomfort;
• migraine headache.

These symptoms occur not only in acute cerebral ischemia, but also in diabetic precoma, tumors of the brain tissue, and some other conditions.

What examination should be done to rule out a stroke? An informative diagnostic method is CT or MRI of the head. Timely diagnosis serves as one of the ways to prevent the occurrence of stroke - with layer-by-layer scanning, the first ischemic signs are visible a day before the onset of stroke symptoms.

Prevention of recurrent stroke

Prevention of recurrent ischemic stroke is no less important than the primary one. If a person has already suffered an acute violation of the blood supply to the brain tissue, then it becomes more vulnerable to a repeated attack of acute ischemia. For such patients, for the prevention of recurrent stroke, it is recommended:

• hypocholesterol diet;
• rejection of bad habits;
• weight control (if obese, you need to lose weight);
• regular physical activity(exercise therapy, walking).

How to prevent recurrent stroke with the help of medications is selected individually by the attending physician. More often, patients are prescribed anticoagulants (blood-thinning drugs) and antihypertensive drugs.

In addition to taking medication, stroke patients need to regularly undergo supportive treatment in a hospital. Compliance with medical recommendations and lifestyle changes will help to avoid a recurrent ischemic attack.

Green Pharmacy Help

A good effect is the prevention of stroke with folk remedies. IN folk medicine There are many recipes for how to avoid stroke, the following are the most popular and affordable:

• Aloe. Chop the leaves of the agave (the age of the plant must be at least 3 years). Take 1 part of the leaves and 2 parts of honey and cahors. Insist the resulting mixture in the dark for 5 days and drink before meals in the first week in a teaspoon, and in the next - in a tablespoon. The duration of taking the mixture is 2 months.
• Rosehip and rowan. Brew and drink instead of tea with the addition of honey or sugar.
• Mustard powder. Regular mustard foot baths improve blood circulation, prevent congestion and reduce pressure. Prohibited for varicose veins and thrombosis of the legs.
• Nettle. Pour 200 g of fresh vegetable raw materials with half a liter of vodka and leave for a day in the light, and then put in a dark place. Drink a teaspoon in the morning on an empty stomach and at night. The infusion lowers cholesterol levels and strengthens the heart muscle. Maximum medicinal properties nettle possesses in May and for long-term treatment it is recommended to make the required amount of "medicine" in advance. The infusion should be stored in a dark place.

But, looking for a recipe for how to avoid a stroke, you should remember that unconventional means have a general effect on the body and are not always compatible with the medications taken. Before drinking infusions and sponges, you need to consult a doctor, otherwise the prevention of stroke may aggravate the course of other somatic diseases.

Tips on how to prevent a stroke are relevant for everyone age groups. The disease "gets younger" and there are cases of acute ischemia among young and middle-aged people.

• Proper nutrition. A well-balanced diet is one way to protect yourself from illness. In medicine, few cases are known when stroke developed in people with normal cholesterol levels.
• Timely treatment of chronic diseases. Above mentioned disease-provocateurs that contribute to thrombosis of cerebral vessels. regular intake of medications reduces the risk of pathology.
• Elimination of the stress factor. Psycho-emotional overstrain and stress violate cerebral circulation. Stressful situations should be avoided as much as possible. But how to protect yourself from stress if there are constant conflicts at work or at home? Try to learn how to react more calmly to the situation: auto-training, consultation with a psychologist or taking sedatives will help with this.
• Control of biochemical indicators. Even if a person is not included in the risk group, one should not neglect the annual medical examination. Timely detection of abnormalities in the composition of the blood will help prevent the development of pathology.

Prevention of stroke in the elderly is almost the same as in the young. But it should be remembered that old people forget to take their medicines, are prone to diet violations, are touchy and move little.

What should be done in this case? Relatives of an elderly person should be tactful:

• control the intake of medications;
• do not keep junk food at home (it is better if the whole family eats the same way, the anti-stroke menu is useful even for children);
• provide psychological comfort (it is necessary to determine how to avoid old man's grievances);
• monitor the stay in the fresh air (optimally - take a walk with an elderly relative).

Analyzing the above, we can say that universal way How to protect yourself from a stroke - no. Human body is individual and it is difficult to say what will provoke an acute circulatory disorder in the brain. But the proposed preventive recommendations on how to prevent stroke significantly reduce the likelihood of developing pathology.