Sharp pain in the lower abdomen during pregnancy. What does the feeling of cramps in the lower abdomen during pregnancy mean? Possible causes of pathology

On early dates pregnancy, women often experience various pain sensations - the lower back and abdomen may hurt.

Such symptoms should be treated with special attention, since the risk of miscarriage increases directly in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Pain discomfort near the abdomen occurs due to an increase in progesterone.

To find out if the stomach hurts during pregnancy due to physiological factors or due to dangerous pathology you need to get expert advice.

Abdominal pain during early pregnancy

All pregnant women want the period of bearing a child to proceed without complications and not give cause for concern. But, the most common complaint among women in position is pulling or aching pain in the lower abdomen.

The complaint is extremely popular, so you need to understand when such discomfort during pregnancy is a pathology and needs immediate medical intervention, and in what situations it will be physiological in nature and will only require following general prescriptions.

Of course, pain in the lower abdomen appears on various stages pregnancy, but most often women note their formation in the early stages of this period.

Painful discomfort in the abdomen can be varied both in personal perception and in its location, in the strength of its manifestation.

Painful sensations appear in a calm state and after various physical exertion. Pain can form in one place or give to other places.

Symptoms

In many situations, the stomach hurts in the early stages of pregnancy due to the fact that the body of the expectant mother is going through various changes in order to prepare herself for the further period of gestation and the birth itself.

Usually, such pains are not very strong - many women parallel them with sipping during pregnancy.

But in a situation where the stomach hurts very badly or the discomfort is associated with the following symptoms, you need to consult a doctor:

• pain in the lower part of the abdomen are not dull, but sharp and growing, do not pass after taking a lying position;
• discomfort in the form of contractions of varying intensity;
• nausea and gag reflex, dysfunction gastrointestinal tract, loss of appetite;
• various spotting;
• concentration pain V various parts abdomen, which become more intense in the process of pressure.

This, of course, is not physiologically normal state and in any situation is a harbinger of dangerous pathological processes inside the human body.

In this case, you should consult with a gynecologist as soon as possible.

And when it appears spotting a pregnant woman should immediately take a horizontal position - it is forbidden to go to specialists herself. Call without delay ambulance».

Causes

When the stomach hurts in the early stages of pregnancy, this is a dangerous signal for any woman, which should make her listen to her own feelings.

By strength and location, it is possible to determine whether there is a risk to the health of the future mother or fetus.

Properly carried out therapy helps to prevent possible adverse effects, although in general it is enough just to calm down and allow the body to rest.

There are a lot of provoking factors for the formation of painful discomfort in the lower abdomen in early pregnancy.

Physiological nature of pain

Mostly, the stomach hurts in early pregnancy due to physiological reasons.

Such pain sensations, as a rule, are not capable of causing great discomfort, are almost imperceptible, and are not characterized by a tendency to intensify. At certain points, not only the stomach hurts, but also the lumbar region.

Many women in a similar position ask the question, why does the stomach hurt in the early stages of pregnancy?

Initial discomfort can manifest itself after a few days after conception, when future mother does not assume his position.

At this stage, the embryo penetrates the endometrium. The smallest lesions of the mucosa, and in some situations even blood vessels can cause discomfort or even minor bleeding.

A woman rarely focuses on this kind of pain, since they are extremely similar to ordinary premenstrual syndrome.

In the first weeks of pregnancy, the stomach hurts due to the following circumstances:

• Hormonal reorganization. A decrease in certain functions in the work of the gastrointestinal tract due to muscle relaxation during the growth of hormones. This becomes a provoking factor in the formation of pain. Discomfort of a similar origin in the lower abdomen is typical during pregnancy and needs only prophylaxis to eliminate it.
• consequences of toxicity. The stomach in particular hurts during the gag reflex, refusing to eat. In the current situation, all kinds of measures are aimed at eliminating the toxic state. The menu and methods for preventing toxicosis depend on the personal characteristics of the female body. In progress constant vomiting you should seek advice from the doctor who prescribes inpatient treatment.
• Unbalanced diet. A pregnant woman should normalize her diet and exclude products that upset her stomach from the menu.
• Stressful situations and psycho-emotional upheavals. The stomach hurts until the source of nervous experiences is eliminated. Valerian (in tablets or drops) can be taken as a prophylactic.
• Food intoxication. Paired with elevated temperature, gag reflex and stool disorder. Therapy in this situation is needed without delay, since poisoning can harm not only the woman, but also the fetus.
• Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. similar group disease can manifest itself in different ways. digestive disorders, violations of the stool and the general tone of the pregnant woman. The risk group may include women who suffered before bearing the fetus from diseases that are associated with the gastrointestinal tract. Strict diet food and full therapy will be the key to eliminating painful discomfort in the abdomen.

When the stomach hurts in the early stages of pregnancy, it is advisable to visit a specialist, because in more dangerous situations the syndrome can be extremely similar to the above signs.

Pathological nature of pain

Often, in addition to the physiological causes that affect the appearance of pain in the early stages of pregnancy, there are pathological factors.

Each of them carries a danger and requires proper attention. Otherwise, the consequences can be the most severe.

Frozen pregnancy

In certain situations, due to various provoking factors, the formation of the fetus is stopped, and it dies.

Of course, in such a case, the body will begin to reject it, which will provoke uterine contractions, and, as a result, painful discomfort lower abdomen. Able to be acute, may intensify, often associated with bleeding.

Ectopic pregnancy

Such a diagnosis as an ectopic pregnancy is no less dangerous for the expectant mother and fetus. In certain situations, the fetus is not able to get into the uterus, but is fixed in one of its tubes.

Soon it will reach certain dimensions, which will exceed the diameter fallopian tube and he'll start tearing it apart. Such a process provokes discomfort.

For this phenomenon peculiar a large number of signs: discomfort is concentrated in a certain place, in the process of organ rupture, intense bleeding occurs, sharp pain, nausea, gag reflex, dizziness, fainting.

It should not be brought to a rupture, since the restoration of the fallopian tube is likely to be impossible.

Risk of miscarriage

The stomach hurts in early pregnancy and when there is a risk of miscarriage. This process implies detachment gestational sac. Depending on the intensity with which it passes, various symptoms are likely.

It includes sharp pains that do not allow you to concentrate on anything else, which can intensify in the lower abdomen, as well as bleeding (from smearing pink discharge to intense crimson).

Discomfort and bleeding can be independent and joint signs.

In the process of identifying such symptoms, you need to call an ambulance without delay. Then you need to take a horizontal position and wait for the doctors to arrive at rest.

You shouldn't panic. Timely therapy will make it possible, as a rule, to save the pregnancy. It is permissible to take 2 No-shpy tablets.

Cyst of the corpus luteum

The corpus luteum is considered one of the temporary organs that form inside the female body in order to maintain pregnancy. It is formed at the site of rupture of the follicle.

Its main task will be the production of progesterone in the early stages of pregnancy - until the formation of the placenta is completed.

In certain situations, this organ is formed improperly, fluid accumulates inside it and it reaches uncharacteristic dimensions.

In this case, we can talk about a cyst of the corpus luteum. Usually, for the pregnancy itself, it rarely poses a threat and effectively copes with its purpose.

Such a condition can manifest itself as unpleasant sensations of a pulling nature in the lower abdomen. Mostly, pain discomfort is localized in a specific area.

Such a pathology basically does not need any intervention, however, it will not be superfluous to conduct a thorough diagnosis, since there are certain prescriptions for women who have been diagnosed with such a disease.

Non-gynecological factors

Abdominal pain is sometimes not associated with gynecological problems at all. Diseases such as pyelonephritis, appendicitis and others often become provoking factors for discomfort.

They can develop on their own, or they can form directly during the period of bearing a child.

Also, the root causes of pain in the lower abdomen include ordinary bloating. In the early stages, gastrointestinal upset is a very common cause.

In this situation, you only need to balance your own nutrition and saturate it with vitamins.

If there is discomfort in the stomach in early pregnancy, you should not panic. You need to calm down, determine exactly where the pain is localized and visit a doctor as soon as possible.

If the sensations are not intense, there is no bleeding and other unpleasant symptoms, then it is possible to get to medical institution or optimally call the doctors and not put your life and the life of the fetus at risk.

Prevention

Measures to prevent pain discomfort in the lower stomach on early stage pregnancy includes:

• A menu revision that promotes proper digestion and absorption within the body.
• Fractional nutrition.
• Fasting is prohibited.
• Receiving water in the right amount.
• Exclusion of stressful situations.
• Regular walks outside.
• Timely treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Timely expert advice.

Prevention contributes to the provision of assistance in many situations of a physiological nature, however, with prolonged pain, it is best to find out the doctor's recommendations.

Painful discomfort in the lower stomach in early pregnancy is an extremely popular phenomenon. The triggering factors are different.

Some of them do not cause adverse consequences for life, others can provoke severe complications. Therefore, if there is the least suspicion and discomfort, it is necessary to visit a gynecologist.

Useful video

From the point of view of any loving woman who is not just ready to become a mother, but even just burns with desire, pregnancy is the most an important event. And sometimes it radically changes a woman, and not only on a hormonal, but also on a psychological level. Usually the bearing of a child proceeds normally, but in some cases it may appear cutting pain lower abdomen during pregnancy.

Any expectant mother listens sensitively to her body and may notice some changes that occur in her. Most of them are caused by the peculiarities of pregnancy and do not pose a threat to the woman herself and the baby. However, some symptoms should be alarming, including the attacks of acute pain mentioned above.

Pain during pregnancy

Pregnancy for almost every woman is almost a holiday that marks new stage life, bringing something of their own and new. However, these happy days can be overshadowed by various troubles in the form of pain, which can be at different periods of bearing a child.

What causes cutting pains on the right lower abdomen during pregnancy or on the left? Throughout his life, any person to varying degrees manifests unpleasant sensations in abdominal cavity. For the most part, no one is very worried about this, but everything changes dramatically when it comes to a pregnant woman.

The expectant mother immediately becomes the epicenter of attention, because, due to the peculiarities of bearing a child, she needs constant care. In this regard, any, even the slightest ailment is perceived as alarm signal. Consider what happens in the body of a pregnant woman, and try to understand when you should not panic, and when it is time to start sounding the alarm.

Earliest dates

Pain may appear within the first week after conception. It could be sure sign that the fertilized egg is fixed on the wall of the uterus. Often, some women simply do not notice this symptom and consider it a harbinger of menstruation.

Unpleasant sensations occur not only at the 39th week of pregnancy, cutting pains in the lower abdomen can appear much earlier. If the process is proceeding normally, then there should not be much discomfort. But it is also impossible to completely avoid pain. After the egg is fertilized, it descends into the cavity of the reproductive organ. Here it begins to take root in loose structure endometrium, which is usually accompanied by pain sensations of a stabbing or cutting nature. In this case, discharge of a brownish or light pink hue may sometimes appear. This phenomenon is called implantation bleeding. Usually the volume of such clots is small.

First week of pregnancy

Usually, in the early stages of pregnancy, pain cannot be dispensed with, since this is mainly due to the cardinal hormonal changes in the woman's body. For this reason, cutting pain in the lower abdomen during pregnancy is not uncommon, but it is considered the norm.

In many ways, the game of hormones is due to the production of progesterone in large quantities. It is necessary for the formation of the fetus, as well as its bearing and development, to proceed in a normal way. However, in large quantities, this hormone leads to inhibition of the contractile function of smooth muscles and stool retention.

In addition, the appearance of flatulence, which is usually accompanied by increased gas formation, is not excluded. The main reason is associated with a change in diet, since future mother new taste preferences. And everything happens dramatically and quickly, which causes bouts of pain.

mid-term

What can cause pain in the second trimester of pregnancy? As a rule, this is the period from 20 to 30 weeks of gestation, and it is at this time that the uterus begins to grow rapidly. The ligaments that hold her are beginning to stretch. Such a process causes unpleasant sensations of a whining nature. But one has only to make some sudden movement, as a cutting pain in the lower abdomen during pregnancy may appear.

The growth of the uterus inevitably leads not only to the restructuring of the body at the hormonal level, but also to some physical changes. This is expressed in the displacement internal organs. Often the most difficult are:

• stomach;
• intestines;
• diaphragm.

As a result of all this, a woman often complains of shortness of breath and heartburn. Also, some expectant mothers are faced with the appearance of constipation or hemorrhoids.

last trimester

Often, the appearance of pain in late pregnancy can signal that birth process starts. In this case, discomfort is felt in the lumbar region and at the bottom of the peritoneum. Fortunately, they are not permanent and occur periodically. This process is familiar to anyone who is at least to some extent interested in the issue of childbearing. Among physicians, this phenomenon is called contractions.

At the same time, a pregnant woman feels a "petrification" of the abdomen. As for the frequency, it changes over time. First, the break between contractions is 10 minutes. Then the pain intensifies, and the interval is reduced to 3-5 minutes.

Do not hesitate in this case, you must immediately go to the hospital. It is possible that mother will not return home alone!

Features of sharp pain

As a rule, during the bearing of a child, the discomfort experienced by a woman is pulling. Cutting pains in the lower abdomen during pregnancy usually do not occur so often, but often this is an alarm signal. This is mainly due to the presence of female body any pathology.

Therefore, at the first appearance of sharp pain, you should immediately go to the hospital. It is possible that everything is not as serious as it might seem at first glance, but insurance does not hurt. Pain can appear regardless of the period of bearing a child, and the reason is in each specific case its.

There are so-called obstetric causes of discomfort. They are due to the fact that reproductive system women do not function properly, which is why the pregnancy proceeds with some complications. In most cases, these are the following manifestations:

• Risk of miscarriage.
• Ectopic pregnancy.
• Detachment of the placenta.
• Undeveloped pregnancy.
• Tone of the uterus.

If acute discomfort appeared in the late period, for example, at 37 weeks of gestation, cutting pains in the lower abdomen may indicate a high tone of the uterus. It may also indicate the onset of labor earlier. due date or wrong development fetus. Often, hypoxia occurs in the baby.

In the initial period, sharp pain may be accompanied by blood, nausea and vomiting. In this case, this may signal that the placenta has begun to exfoliate. In some cases, there is a risk of losing a child.

If you experience severe pain, especially when it is accompanied by dizziness, you should immediately call an ambulance!

Risk of miscarriage

Often, sharp pain can indicate a threatened miscarriage. Unpleasant pain sensations resemble contractions and also appear at certain intervals. The appearance of bleeding is not excluded. If the cutting pain in the lower abdomen during pregnancy appeared in the second half, then the uterus is in a tense state. This manifests itself in the form of a hard stomach.

The reasons for the occurrence of such a pathology are very different. It can be experienced stress, nervous overexertion of the body, low levels of hormones. With such symptoms, the most important thing is to seek medical help in a timely manner. Then there is still a chance to save not only the fetus, but also the health of the woman herself.

Ectopic pregnancy

This type of pathology may be serious threat if no action is taken in a timely manner. It manifests itself from the very first day of pregnancy, and during the diagnosis it is determined at 4 or 5 weeks of the term. That is, long before the 36th week of pregnancy comes and cutting pains in the lower abdomen will manifest themselves in all their glory.

A characteristic feature is the location of the fertilized egg. It is fixed not in the cavity of the reproductive organ, but in some other place. And often it is the fallopian tube or intestines, which is rare.

A tubal pregnancy can cause serious harm to a woman. When the embryo grows, the walls of the tube begin to stretch, and quite strongly. As a result of all this, the woman has to experience unbearable pain. In addition, a woman can be scared bloody discharge which may be accompanied by fever. She may also feel very weak.

Treatment for such a pathology should be carried out immediately. Otherwise, rupture of the fallopian tube cannot be avoided. As a result, internal bleeding, which, in turn, often leads to the death of both the woman and the child.

It is worth noting that the discomfort is localized only on one side. For example, if there are cutting pains in the left lower abdomen during pregnancy, then it is in this place that the fetus is fixed.

Detachment of the placenta

It happens that the first half of pregnancy is already over and it seems that nothing terrible can happen. However, sometimes a woman may be disturbed different kind troubles, among which this pathology. As a rule, it just falls on the second trimester. Usually by this time the placenta is already fully formed.

Detachment of the placenta can occur due to arterial hypertension, severe preeclampsia, abdominal trauma. In this case, the pain is very strong and cutting. In addition, this may be accompanied by weakness, a decrease in heart rate and profuse bleeding.

Treatment does not need to be delayed, and here you can not do without surgical intervention. And the sooner medical assistance is provided, the higher the chances of saving the child. Otherwise, death due to internal bleeding cannot be avoided.

Underdeveloped pregnancy

Sometimes the development of a baby in the womb can itself be interrupted. The terms in each case are different, but basically the pathology occurs at the beginning of the first trimester. In rare cases, the fetus stops developing at later stages of pregnancy, when only a few weeks remain before the expected birth. For example, at 38 weeks pregnant. Cutting pains in the lower abdomen in this case may indicate the onset of inflammation.

There may be several reasons for this phenomenon, but in some cases even experienced doctors are not able to determine the exact events that provoked the cessation of embryo development. Among the main ones are:

• Violations at the gene level.
• Hormonal balance is disturbed (lack of progesterone or excess of androgen).
• Carrying out in vitro fertilization (IVF).
• The presence of infectious diseases.
• Leading by a woman wrong image life.

Regardless of the gestational age, the signs of the pathology are almost the same. A woman experiences general weakness throughout the body, which is accompanied by fever. This is also indicated by a sharply stopped toxicosis, the size of the uterus that does not correspond to the gestational age, pulling or cutting pains in the lower abdomen. If it is already a later date, the lack of activity of the baby is very noticeable.

Uterine tone

Most women perceive stabbing or cutting pains in the lower abdomen in different ways during pregnancy. Often this is due to spontaneous contraction of the uterus. Normally, the reproductive organ is in a relaxed and calm state (normotonus).

However physical strain, the impact of psychological overload causes the muscles of the uterus to contract, thereby increasing the pressure. This is reflected in the form of strong cutting pain (hypertonicity).

First of all, a woman should lie down for a while in order to relax. However, if the pain does not go away, you should immediately consult a doctor. Only if spotting is present, accompanied by other symptoms, it is necessary to call an ambulance, since it is absolutely not recommended to go to the doctor on your own!

Dangerous periods of pregnancy

The birth of a child is certainly the happiest day in the life of every loving woman. And hardly anyone wants to challenge it! Nevertheless, during the entire period of pregnancy, experts identify several periods when the child in the womb is most vulnerable to different factors. There are only three of them:

• 1st risk period - 3-4 weeks.
• 2nd risk period - 8-11 weeks.
• 3rd risk period - 16-18 weeks.

However, in the area increased risk the child enters precisely with the advent of the eighth week, when the fetus develops vital important organs. And so that with the advent of the 38th week of pregnancy, cutting pains in the lower abdomen do not torment, it is enough to follow simple recommendations.

Preventive measures

Every future mother needs to control herself in a special way while carrying a child. Simple Recommendations contribute to this:

• Eat a balanced diet with plenty of beneficial vitamins rather than eating everything.
• Don't ignore holding necessary examinations, including ultrasound, and if necessary, consult a doctor in a timely manner for help.
• visit more fresh air and do light charging.
• Do not let the disease take its course.
• In case of flatulence, take activated charcoal and drink plenty of water. It is better to refrain from taking gas-forming products altogether.

But the most important thing is to avoid promiscuity.

The nature of pain and the degree of risk can only be determined by an experienced doctor. Although there are times when even specialists have some difficulty in finding out the cause, but, fortunately, this rarely happens.

Sometimes cutting pain in the lower abdomen during pregnancy should alert, but in other cases it does not pose a threat. In any case, you won't be able to figure it out on your own.

Often, women experience pain, tingling, or simply aches in the lower abdomen during pregnancy. Gynecologists advise seeking medical help for any alarming symptoms, since some of them really pose a threat to the health of the unborn baby and his mother. However, before raising a panic, let's figure out why there are unpleasant sensations and what they are associated with.

Pain and cramps in the lower abdomen during pregnancy

As you may have guessed, discomfort is not always associated with bearing a fetus. From this point of view, pain is divided into obstetric and non-obstetric.

Non-obstetric pains include pain that does not threaten the life and health of the fetus. They may appear quite natural causes, including those indirectly related to pregnancy. For example, the discomfort caused by stretching of the ligaments and muscles that support the uterus, which is constantly increasing in size. The larger the reproductive organ, the greater the load on them. In this case, tingling in the lower abdomen during pregnancy, as well as sharp or aching pain, may occur. As a rule, discomfort is observed on one or both sides of the abdomen and does not last long. When sprained ligaments and muscles, pain begins in the groin, and then spreads to external parties thighs along the bikini line.

Second physiological cause sensations as if the lower abdomen aches during pregnancy - this is a quick change of position. Sharp pain occurs when you cough, get out of bed or leave the bathroom, it can appear if you walk for a long time or try to run. The third natural cause of discomfort is due to the fact that the baby's head sinks into the pelvis at a later date. In this case, the lower abdomen during pregnancy aches and pulls due to sprains.

Why is this happening? The fact is that in the course of preparing for childbirth, a large amount of relaxin is produced in the body of a woman - a hormone that affects the elasticity of tissues, including the opening of the cervix.

To alleviate the sensations of cramps in the lower abdomen during pregnancy for natural reasons, it is not necessary to consult a doctor, it is enough to provide yourself with a good rest. This will help the pose "standing on all fours", rest in warm bath, and in some cases - a bandage or elastic bandage, which relieve stress from the abdominal muscles.

In addition, there are a number of obstetric reasons pain that requires medical attention. These include appendicitis and intestinal obstruction, as well as infection urinary tract. In these cases, tingling in the lower abdomen during pregnancy will be accompanied by fever, weakness, nausea, feeling unwell, and in the case of cystitis, pain during urination.

Obstetric pain includes those anxiety symptoms associated with gestation. And in this case, in order to diagnose abnormalities, you need to pay attention to the gestational age, as well as to the accompanying symptoms. Let's analyze them in more detail.

Aching lower abdomen during pregnancy - early dates

Obstetric pain at the very beginning of the first trimester may indicate such serious pathology as development ectopic pregnancy. When the fertilized egg is fixed in wrong place, may occur tubal abortion- the body in this case gets rid of the fetal egg. In this case, there are cramps in the lower abdomen during pregnancy, similar to contractions. As a rule, they are felt only on one side and are accompanied by small spotting.

A more serious threat is a rupture of the fallopian tube, which can occur at 8-12 weeks. In this case, during pregnancy, it pulls the lower abdomen, there are severe cramping pains that radiate to the rectum, hypochondrium, supraclavicular region and legs. The pain is so severe that the woman can lose consciousness. The situation is complicated by internal bleeding.

In some cases, tingling in the lower abdomen during pregnancy becomes a sign of an incipient miscarriage. This can be additionally indicated by the firmness of the peritoneum, lumbar and pubic pain, a feeling of petrification of the uterus and bloody discharge (initially brownish, and then bright scarlet). When diagnosing, a gynecologist can detect a shortening of the cervix. With spotting, the child can often be saved.

Tingling and throbbing in the lower abdomen during pregnancy

One of the common reasons that pulls the lower abdomen during pregnancy, starting from the second trimester, is premature detachment placenta, which threatens mainly the health of the fetus.

When partial detachment pregnancy can still be maintained, even if bleeding occurs. For the fetus, a situation is considered dangerous when a quarter of the area of ​​​​the placenta or more is separated. A woman needs to seek medical help as soon as possible and continue to observe bed rest, as a rule, in a hospital until the threat of miscarriage passes.

For this pathological condition in addition to bleeding, symptoms such as a tense and slightly painful uterus and cardiac disorders in the fetus additionally indicate. In severe form of placental abruption, pain in the lower abdomen, as a rule, is strong and arching, accompanied by bleeding, dizziness, weakness, decreased blood pressure and body temperature. The uterus is tense and asymmetrical.

Some expectant mothers notice pulsations in their lower abdomen during pregnancy. Sometimes the movements and hiccups of the unborn baby are mistaken for this feeling. If the latter almost does not cause inconvenience (it is felt when the fetus is already quite large), then the movements of the crumbs are sometimes very noticeable. But still, in the later stages, pulsation in the lower abdomen during pregnancy sometimes indicates a syndrome of compression of the inferior vena cava. The fact is that after 25 weeks, the growing uterus puts pressure on the lower abdomen, including the vena cava. This, in turn, disrupts the transport of venous blood and can cause discomfort, dizziness, nausea, and loss of consciousness. To avoid this, it is enough not to lie on your back, starting from the middle of the second trimester.

However, the longer the period, the less anxiety the lower abdomen during pregnancy delivers. Pulling sensations after 38 weeks may indicate the onset labor activity. In this case, the only thing that is required from the expectant mother is to collect documents and necessary things, take a shower and go to the hospital.

Video from YouTube on the topic of the article:

Cutting pains in the lower abdomen that appear during pregnancy are observed in many women in position. A similar phenomenon can be both a symptom of a disorder, and a normal reaction of the body to the onset of pregnancy. Let's take a closer look at this phenomenon, and talk about the cases in which cutting pains in the abdomen can be observed during a normal pregnancy.

So, quite often, expectant mothers for a short time complain about the appearance of pain in the lower abdomen. As a rule, they do not associate their appearance with anything; pain appears against the background of complete well-being and excellent health. In such cases, doctors regard the presence of pain as a normal reaction of the genitourinary system to pregnancy. They are connected, first of all, with an increase in the size of the uterus, which occurs as the baby grows in the mother's womb. In such situations, in addition to cutting pains in the lower abdomen, the pregnant woman does not complain about anything else.

What can sharp, cutting pain in the lower abdomen during pregnancy indicate?

This kind of symptomatology is characteristic of such a disorder as At the same time, in addition to abdominal pain, women note the appearance of bloody discharge from the vagina. At first, their volume is small, but over time it can increase. As a result, there is deterioration general condition pregnant: lowering blood pressure, dizziness, nausea, vomiting. With a similar clinical picture, it is necessary to hospitalize a woman as soon as possible. It should also be noted that such clinical picture may occur during ectopic pregnancy.

Often, sharp, cutting pain in the lower abdomen, which women complain about during pregnancy, may be due to the presence of a genital infection in the body. In such cases, pain almost always accompanies pathological discharge from the vagina. When they appear, you should consult a doctor and undergo an examination.

Among the common causes of stabbing pains in the lower abdomen during pregnancy, it is necessary to highlight inflammation Bladder- Such a pathology is very difficult to treat, and in case of untimely treatment of a woman to a doctor, it turns into chronic form. In this case, quite often, immediately at the beginning of pregnancy, an exacerbation of the disease occurs. In such cases, cramps in the lower abdomen accompany painful, frequent urination. When similar symptoms going to the doctor should not be shelved, because. this can negatively affect not only the health of the expectant mother, but also the fetus.

during pregnancy - a very common complaint. During the life of each person, certain unpleasant sensations in the abdomen are disturbed repeatedly. But during pregnancy when the belly is an object close attention and constant care, any trouble in this area is perceived with particular concern.

Stitching pain in the lower abdomen can be a symptom of a variety of diseases, and for proper diagnosis, it is necessary to clarify its characteristics. The pain can be acute and sudden onset or constant and chronic. Distinguish between cramping pain, when attacks of pain either increase or decrease, and constant. Pain by nature is stabbing, cutting, aching, pressing, etc. The localization (location) of abdominal pain is very important. Pain in the upper abdomen is characteristic of diseases of the biliary system, stomach, duodenum, pancreas, and may be associated with a disease of the heart or lungs.

Pain in the navel most often indicates a disease of the small intestine.

: pregnancy is at risk!

In some cases sharp pains in the abdomen is a symptom serious illnesses requiring qualified medical assistance. Often, pain in the lower abdomen during pregnancy is a symptom of a threatened abortion. On initial stage before miscarriage, pregnant woman may disturb drawing pains in the lower abdomen, in nature reminiscent of painful sensations during menstruation. Usually these pains are localized in the center, just above the womb, often accompanied by pain in the sacrum, mucous discharge from the genital tract, and frequent urination. Often, such manifestations are provoked by physical or emotional stress and can stop on their own at rest.

If not accepted at this stage necessary measures, may develop spontaneous interruption pregnancy. Wherein sharp pain in the lower abdomen may change character and become cramping, recurring at regular intervals. In the second half of pregnancy, the pains are accompanied by tension of the uterus, the stomach becomes hard, "hardens". In the future, the addition of bloody discharge is possible. These symptoms require immediate medical attention.

For diagnostics stabbing pains in the lower abdomen ultrasound is used to detect increased tone uterus, detachment of the fetal egg, placenta, which confirms the diagnosis. In addition, during ultrasound, it is possible to determine the state of the fetus, which is decisive for the choice of treatment tactics. In the later stages, CTG (cardiotocography) is used for diagnosis, which makes it possible to determine both the condition of the fetus and the presence of cramping uterine contractions.

During pregnancy prerequisites are created for the development of diseases of the abdominal organs, which are also manifested by pain in the abdomen. Firstly, hormonal changes in the body of a pregnant woman cause a decrease in peristalsis ( motor activity) intestines, gallbladder, bile ducts and pancreatic ducts, and stagnation of the contents of these organs, in turn, promotes the growth of pathogenic bacteria. In addition, during pregnancy, there is a decrease in immune defense and a change in blood circulation in small vessels internal organs. All this contributes to the development inflammatory process in the organs digestive tract.

Pregnant women also have some characteristics. Due to the growth of the uterus and relaxation of the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall, the internal organs are displaced, so the localization of pain may change compared to typical manifestations this disease.

Secondly, due to the displacement of the internal organs, the greater omentum, designed to delimit the inflammatory process in the abdominal cavity, is pushed back by the uterus and has poor contact with the internal organs. Due to this, the resulting inflammatory process can quickly spread to nearby organs and the peritoneum with the development of peritonitis - inflammation of the peritoneum (a thin film covering all organs and walls of the abdominal cavity), which is especially significant in the third trimester. Therefore, during pregnancy, timely seeking medical help becomes especially important.

Acute appendicitis. The most common pathology requiring emergency surgery during pregnancy is acute appendicitis. Most often, this disease occurs in the second trimester.

The disease begins suddenly sharp pain in the abdomen, which acquires a constant aching character and then moves to where the appendix (vermiform appendix) is currently located. Outside of pregnancy, it is located in the right lower third of the abdomen, but with an increase in the period it shifts higher. The pain may be accompanied by nausea and vomiting. In some cases, body temperature may rise. Characterized by increased pain in the supine position on the right side, due to the pressure of the pregnant uterus on the inflamed focus. With a significant deterioration in the general condition, increased heart rate, the appearance of shortness of breath, an increase in body temperature, bloating, the development of peritonitis can be assumed.

Cholecystitis. In second place among surgical pathology during pregnancy is cholecystitis - inflammation of the gallbladder. Cholecystitis is usually manifested by pain and a feeling of heaviness in the right hypochondrium. Pain can be dull, aching (in chronic cholecystitis) or sharp, cramping (in acute). Pain may be accompanied by a feeling of bitterness in the mouth, nausea, vomiting, belching, heartburn, and bloating. The appearance of an attack is usually provoked by errors in the diet - eating fatty, fried food-or, especially in the presence of stones in gallbladder, shaking while driving. During pregnancy the appearance or intensification of pain during fetal movement is possible.

Pancreatitis. This disease is an inflammation of the pancreas. Its development is favored by a violation of the outflow of bile, non-compliance with the diet, in particular abundant meat and fatty foods, alcohol consumption, hereditary predisposition, and stress. Acute pancreatitis appears sharp pain in the abdomen in particular, acute pains in the upper abdomen (pit of the stomach, right or left hypochondrium), often of a girdle character. Often there is vomiting, impaired stool, lowering blood pressure.

To clarify the diagnosis, a medical examination, ultrasound of the abdominal organs, blood and urine tests are performed. If necessary, additional examinations may be carried out depending on the symptoms of the disease. In acute appendicitis and cholecystitis, in the vast majority of cases, surgical treatment. The operation can be performed at any stage of pregnancy. It is possible to use a sparing laparoscopic surgical technique, when instruments are inserted into the abdominal cavity through small punctures and the necessary manipulations are carried out.

In the presence of stones in the gallbladder and a chronic inflammatory process, treatment is carried out in it, aimed at preventing exacerbations of the process, and the operation is performed after delivery. Treatment of chronic inflammatory process of the abdominal organs during pregnancy is usually carried out conservatively, preferably in a hospital. In addition to treatment, it is imperative to follow a diet that is prescribed by a doctor taking into account the disease.

Food poisoning. Often sharp pains in the abdomen are caused by foodborne illness, commonly referred to as "poisoning". The cause of this disease are microorganisms that enter the gastrointestinal tract with water, food or through dirty hands. The manifestations of the disease are quite characteristic. There are pains in the abdomen, mainly in the navel, pulling or cramping, often accompanied by frequent liquid stool, nausea, sometimes vomiting, possible increase in body temperature.

Diagnosis of the disease is carried out on the basis of a doctor's examination, ultrasound data, in some cases it may be necessary to study feces, vomit to clarify the cause of the disease. If the general condition is not significantly affected, there are no signs of dehydration - such as severe weakness, pallor, cold sweats, low blood pressure and increased heart rate - treatment can be carried out without hospitalization.

The main therapeutic measures are diet, replenishment of the normal volume of fluid and the removal of toxins from the gastrointestinal tract. At home, it is recommended to drink plenty of water: regular drinking water, mineral water room temperature without gas, strong tea, in some cases, a doctor may prescribe medicinal teas that have an astringent effect.

During the acute period of the disease, sharp pains in the abdomen a sparing diet is recommended: boiled, pureed food that does not irritate the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines, fatty, fried, smoked, salty foods rich in fiber are excluded (vegetables and fruits in any form, after the symptoms disappear, boiled and baked fruits and vegetables are allowed), black bread , bran. Boiled porridges and slimy rice soups are recommended, oatmeal, millet, well-boiled dried pasta White bread, dairy products(kefir, cottage cheese), boiled lean minced meat and fish. As the condition improves, the diet becomes less restrictive.

Cystitis. Another reason sharp pain in the lower abdomen during pregnancy can be cystitis - inflammation of the bladder. For cystitis, especially chronic, characterized by pulling pain and a feeling of heaviness over the bosom, aggravated by filling the bladder and reaching the greatest intensity at the end of urination. Acute cutting pain is combined with frequent urination, urine output in small portions, blood may appear at the end of urination. Diagnosis of the disease is carried out on the basis of complaints, data from a doctor's examination and tests.

So the reason sharp pains in a stomach There can be a variety of diseases, so if you experience such symptoms, you should consult a doctor. Only a doctor can properly assess all of your symptoms. In the event of pain that you have not experienced before, it is better to call an ambulance team. Additional tests and specialist consultations may be required to establish a definitive diagnosis.

: treatment during pregnancy

When sharp pains in the abdomen before consulting a doctor, it is allowed to use antispasmodics - drugs that relax the smooth muscles of the internal organs. It is possible to use NO-ShPY in tablets or SUPPLEMENTS WITH PAPAVERINE. At the same time, it is recommended to relax and unwind. If within an hour the pain has not stopped, you can repeat the drug. But if the pain increases or is not relieved by taking antispasmodics for a long time, other symptoms join it, you should immediately consult a doctor. It is not recommended to self-medicate, use painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs; these medicines change clinical manifestations diseases, mask it, creating the appearance of improvement. In addition, when contacting a doctor, some characteristic symptoms diseases may be absent due to the use of painkillers. Moreover, you can't take it on your own. antibacterial drugs: many of them can harm your baby, and in addition, they will change the manifestations of the disease and distort the picture of laboratory tests.

Pregnancy: abdominal pain

The most common cause of pulling pain in the lower abdomen V I trimester of pregnancy are physiological changes occurring in the body of a pregnant woman. Under the influence of pregnancy hormones, there is a softening of the tissues that form the supporting apparatus of the uterus, as well as their stretching and displacement due to the growth of the uterus. Some women do not notice this, in others all these processes make themselves felt with slight pulling pains in the lower abdomen, tingling, which are usually localized on both sides of middle line. These pains are never cramping and do not recur with a clear frequency. They are usually not associated with physical activity or stress. It has been observed that often such stomach ache concerned about women who had painful menstruation before pregnancy.

In the second half of pregnancy, pulling pain in the lower abdomen are caused by stretching of the abdominal muscles, displacement of internal organs, primarily the intestines, caused by a significant increase in the size of the uterus. In addition, intestinal motility under the influence of pregnancy hormones decreases, and the movement of food through the intestines is slower. In this regard, overstretching of individual sections of the intestine is possible, which can also manifest itself as pulling or stabbing pain in the lower abdomen on the left. The above phenomena do not require emergency medical intervention. With the help of simple measures, it is possible to reduce these unpleasant manifestations to a minimum.

During pregnancy, it is recommended to eat right. Since the intestines work more slowly under the influence of hormones, you can not overload it. It is necessary to eat 4-5 times a day in small portions. Do not allow long breaks between meals, as well as overeating. Compression of the intestines by an enlarged uterus makes it even more difficult to move food masses, and stretching of the intestines will inevitably lead to the appearance of pain in the abdomen. In addition, with a long stay of food in the intestines, fermentation processes intensify and flatulence may develop, which increases discomfort in the abdomen.

To improve peristalsis, it is necessary to include foods containing fiber in your diet daily, primarily raw fruits and vegetables, you can use fruits and vegetables that have undergone heat treatment. If any products cause you increased gas formation(most often these include legumes, cabbage, onions, garlic, radishes, radishes, as well as apple and grape juice) should be avoided. Prune and dried apricots are also recommended, which contain a large amount of organic acids and facilitate intestinal motility due to this.

It is advisable to limit the intake of refined foods, fatty and sweet foods, fast food: these foods can negatively affect bowel function.

It is necessary to drink a sufficient amount of liquid, because. its deficiency leads to dysfunction of the digestive tract and urinary system.

Along with the use of a diet, physical activity is very important: swimming, physiotherapy aimed at strengthening the muscles of the abdomen, back, hips and buttocks. Such exercises have a beneficial effect not only on the functioning of the intestines, but also on the state of the whole organism.